Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Kinetics and mechanism of hydrolysis of PF6− accelerated by H+ or Al3+ in aqueous solution†","authors":"Takuto Miyashita, Kouji Yasuda and Tetsuya Uda","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00758A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00758A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Treatment of wastewater containing PF<small>₆</small><small>⁻</small> is required during hydrometallurgical recycling of lithium-ion batteries. Because of the kinetic stability of PF<small>₆</small><small>⁻</small> in aqueous solution, the decomposition study into PO<small>₄</small><small>³⁻</small> or F<small>⁻</small> is required for wastewater treatment. In our previous report, the hydrolysis of PF<small>₆</small><small>⁻</small> was shown to be accelerated by adding Al<small>³⁺</small> and elevating the solution temperature. In this work, the kinetics and mechanism of the hydrolysis of PF<small>₆</small><small>⁻</small> at several pH and Al<small>³⁺</small> concentrations were investigated for more efficient wastewater treatment. The solutions containing LiPF<small>₆</small> at various pH and AlCl<small>₃</small> concentrations were kept at 90 °C, and the concentration changes of PF<small>₆</small><small>⁻</small>, PO<small>₂</small>F<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small>, PO<small>₃</small>F<small>²⁻</small>, PO<small>₄</small><small>³⁻</small>, and F<small>⁻</small> were measured by ion chromatography. The measurement results were analyzed assuming pseudo-first-order kinetics. The results showed that Al<small>³⁺</small> and H<small>⁺</small> accelerated the hydrolysis of PO<small>₂</small>F<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small> and PO<small>₃</small>F<small>²⁻</small>, but the levels of accelerating effects were different. More specifically, the accelerating effects of Al<small>³⁺</small> are higher in the order PF<small>₆</small><small>⁻</small> &gt; PO<small>₂</small>F<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small> &gt; PO<small>₃</small>F<small>²⁻</small>, while the accelerating effects of H<small>⁺</small> are in the opposite order. Based on the discussion, a more efficient treatment process for wastewater containing PF<small>₆</small><small>⁻</small> was proposed. The proposed process is expected to reduce heating costs and processing time compared to previously reported ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 281-292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogen and indicator trends in southern Nevada wastewater during and after the COVID-19 pandemic†","authors":"Katherine Crank, Katerina Papp, Casey Barber, Kai Chung, Emily Clements, Wilbur Frehner, Deena Hannoun, Travis Lane, Christina Morrison, Bonnie Mull, Edwin Oh, Phillip Wang and Daniel Gerrity","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00620H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00620H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Characterization of wastewater concentrations of human enteric pathogens and human fecal indicators provides valuable insights and data for use by regulators and other stakeholders when developing treatment criteria for water reuse applications, performing quantitative microbial risk assessments, or conducting microbial source tracking. Wastewater samples collected over three years during and after the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed retrospectively (March 2020–September 2022) and prospectively (October 2022–December 2023) by qPCR for molecular markers of adenovirus, enterovirus, norovirus GI &amp; GII, as well as the human fecal indicators pepper mild mottle virus, crAssphage, and HF183 (<em>n</em> = 1112). A sub-campaign was conducted, and wastewater samples were tested for the culturable enteric viruses adenovirus and enterovirus (<em>n</em> = 56) and the protozoan parasites <em>Cryptosporidium</em> and <em>Giardia</em> (<em>n</em> = 73) over one year (January–December 2023)<em>.</em> All assays had high detection rates, ranging from 71% to 100%, and were fit to log-normal distributions. All molecular markers for enteric pathogens displayed seasonal and geographic variation, potentially explained by seasonal epidemiology of gastrointestinal illness, differing populations, and differing sample types. Additionally, the impact of Nevada-specific COVID-19 public health guidance (<em>e.g.</em>, mask mandates, stay-at-home orders) on enteric pathogen concentrations was characterized, with significantly higher concentrations of molecular markers observed in “non-pandemic” conditions. This study provides high quality (<em>i.e.</em>, high sensitivity, minimally censored, recovery adjusted) pathogen and indicator datasets with insights for use in academic, public health/epidemiological, and industry/regulatory applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 262-280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00620h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater surveillance for public health: Quo Vadis?","authors":"Graham Gagnon, Lauren Stadler, Aaron Bivins, Laurent Moulin and Masaaki Kitajima","doi":"10.1039/D4EW90048K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW90048K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A graphical abstract is available for this content</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 1","pages":" 8-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Pb2+ in natural water with a polymer electrode coupled with a flow analysis device†","authors":"Guiyun Zhang and Zhiwei Lai","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00900B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00900B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lead (Pb<small>²⁺</small>) has adverse effects on the human body due to its non-biodegradability and bioaccumulation. In this study, a flow analysis device was designed for <em>in situ</em> determination. A poly(pyrrole thiourea) electrode was used for the determination of Pb<small>²⁺</small> in water coupled with this flow analysis device. The interference of co-existing ions and the precision, as well as the repeatability were examined. The relative standard deviation of Pb<small>²⁺</small> was found to be 4.35% by repeating the test 25 times of 15 μg L<small>⁻¹</small> standard solution. Under the optimized detection conditions, a limit of detection (3<em>σ</em>/slope) of 0.25 μg L<small>⁻¹</small> was obtained between 2.5 and 100 μg L<small>⁻¹</small>. Finally, continuous determination of Pb<small>²⁺</small> in drinking water and lake water in campus was carried out, which verified the applicability of the device in the detection of Pb<small>²⁺</small> in natural water.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 461-466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionary dual nanofiller embedded nanofiltration membranes: fabricated CQDs and PMO-PPD modified membranes for experimental design optimization of simultaneous removal of Pb(ii), MO, and NaCl from wastewater†","authors":"Farzad Mehrjo and Afsaneh Shahbazi","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00871E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00871E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study introduces a revolutionary nanofiltration membrane capable of significantly enhancing the removal of Pb(<small>II</small>), MO, and NaCl from industrial wastewater. The performance of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes was enhanced by incorporating PMO-PPD and CQD nanomaterials. The composite membranes demonstrated improved hydrophilic properties, reduced fouling, enhanced antibacterial activity, and increased pollutant removal capabilities. Characterization techniques confirmed the successful synthesis and integration of the nanomaterials into the membrane matrix. The inclusion of PMO-PPD/CQDs significantly improved pure water flux and fouling resistance compared to pristine PES membranes. The M3 membrane, containing 0.1 wt% PMO-PPD and 0.4 wt% CQDs nanofiller, exhibited the highest performance in terms of water flux (81.3 L m<small>⁻²</small> h<small>⁻¹</small>), bovine serum albumin rejection (29.5 L m<small>⁻²</small> h<small>⁻¹</small>), foul resistance ratio (63.7%), total resistance (58%), reversible resistance (21.6%), and irreversible resistance (36.3%). Among fabricated membranes, M3 demonstrated the highest pollutant removal rates, reaching 89.76%, 93.7%, and 36.77% for Pb(<small>II</small>) (initial concentration of 30 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>), methyl orange (MO) (initial concentration of 40 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>), and NaCl (initial concentration of 200 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>), respectively. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the simultaneous removal of these pollutants. Additionally, the incorporation of CQDs enhanced the antibacterial properties of the membranes against <em>E. coli</em> (17.99%) and <em>S. aureus</em> (22.70%). It was found that the simultaneous application of two nanofillers significantly enhanced the efficiency and features of the nanofiltration membrane.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 435-448"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the environmental impact of freshwater use in LCA: established practices and current methods","authors":"Basit A. Mir, Anissa Nurdiawati and Sami G. Al-Ghamdi","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00641K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00641K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Freshwater, an essential resource for survival, is becoming scarce because of overuse. A reliable and precise assessment approach is necessary to establish a sustainable water system for use in proper decision-making. This paper explores the range of approaches and methods developed over time to evaluate water consumption, considering factors related to scarcity, quality, and volume. These methods are primarily based on volumetric footprint, impact-oriented assessment, or a combination of both. The water footprinting standard defines water footprint as impact-oriented, where volumetric approach serves as an inventory in life cycle assessment (LCA), which is a widely used tool for evaluating the environmental impact of a product or a system throughout its lifetime. The work provides a thorough overview of more than forty different approaches, tools, databases, and water indices related to water use, water footprint and its environmental impact using life cycle assessment tool and compiled from more than sixty reviewed articles. Many approaches focus on availability and shortage while water quality is generally considered separately, with LCA employing specific indicators. To calculate the impact of scarce freshwater supply on the environment, methodologies are being developed to create a connection between water availability, use and impacts. This is accomplished by employing various characterization models that use environmental mechanisms to convert volumetric input flows into impacts. Some models use cause-and-effect chain relationships to evaluate the effects of water scarcity on ecosystems, human health, and natural resources. Water indices, usually focusing on scarcity or quantity, are used as characterization factors in some models. The paper also presents the most recent approaches to water use assessment that emerged from a consensus between the LCA and water scientific groups. Despite substantial progress, challenges are still present within the sector. Continuous improvement is essential for improving current methods. Enhancing environmental mechanisms, measuring uncertainty, resolving temporal and spatial disparities, undertaking regional evaluations, and improving primary or local data are some of the challenges. This study directs future research toward more efficient and comprehensive water use impact assessment techniques by outlining important areas for improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 196-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00641k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and identification of polysulfone/Fe3O4@APTES nanocomposite membranes used in membrane bioreactors for oily wastewater treatment†","authors":"Maryam Beit Sady, Ferial Nosratinia, Ahmad Khoshgard and Mehdi Ardjmand","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00821A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00821A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, nanocomposite membranes were fabricated and characterized for use in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) to treat oily wastewater. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>) were first synthesized and then modified by tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES). The membranes were prepared by adding Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>@APTES at different concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.3 wt%, which were denoted by different codes of TFC, TFN-0.05, TFN-0.1, and TFN-0.3, respectively. The highest water flux through the membrane without Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>@APTES nanoparticles (TFC) was recorded as 58.36 L m<small>⁻²</small> h<small>⁻¹</small>, which was later reduced to 46.80 L m<small>⁻²</small> h<small>⁻¹</small> by adding nanoparticles to the membrane (TFN-0.3). The TFN-0.1 membrane demonstrated the best membrane bioreactor performance. The final concentration of heavy metals by the MBR system with the TFN-0.1 membrane was 84.96% Pb(<small>II</small>) &gt; 80.18% Zn(<small>II</small>) &gt; 74.43% Cr(<small>III</small>) &gt; 74.14% Ni(<small>II</small>). Hence, it was found that adding Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>@APTES nanoparticles to the membranes could reduce irreversible fouling. The results showed that the TFN-0.1 membrane with a flux recovery ratio of 96.3% had the most optimal antifouling performance among the other nanocomposite membranes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 467-480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating wastewater analysis and targeted clinical testing for early disease outbreak detection and an enhanced public health response","authors":"Vicente Contreras, Vander Georgeff, Gabriela Iglesias-Mendoza, Tara Nicklay, Matthew Rutherford, Nancy Lorenzon, Keith Miller, Sarah Watamura, Corinne Lengsfeld and Phillip Danielson","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00654B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00654B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The COVID-19 pandemic provided an unprecedented opportunity to assess the value of wastewater based epidemiology (WBE) as a tool to complement clinical testing in efforts to monitor and mitigate disease outbreaks. This study presents a retrospective assessment of a WBE approach that integrated WBE from congregate living facilities with high-frequency, rapid-turnaround clinical testing within a university setting. By focusing on communal living spaces, such as dormitories, this approach made it possible to rapidly identify and counter the spread of SARS-CoV-2 as well as to monitor the efficacy of campus-focused public health measures throughout the pandemic. Beginning in 2020, the University of Denver (DU) implemented a campus-wide, dual-prong COVID-19 response that combined WBE with frequent high-sensitivity testing (FHST) of individuals by RT-qPCR. Wastewater monitoring at the building level was employed in an effort to facilitate the early detection of SARS-CoV-2 spread and thereby make it possible to more confidently and precisely allocate limited clinical testing resources to identify and isolate infected individuals. This data-driven approach to WBE-informed targeting of FHST resources contributed to markedly and consistently lower SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates on campus compared to the surrounding metropolitan area. Analyses of data from multiple dormitories, and spanning several early-stage disease outbreaks, have highlighted the potential of WBE to optimize limited clinical resources for detecting, containing, and resolving the spread of communicable diseases. The information gained from DU's COVID-19 response can help to guide the development of future public health strategies in other communities confronting similar challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 317-327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel composite membrane combining polystyrene, polypyrrole, and salian for enhanced scaling prevention in water filtration applications","authors":"Abeer Adaileh, Ahmed H. Ragab, Mostafa A. Taher, Muhammad Idrees Afridi, Mohamed M. Awad, Aya Elfiky, H. Selim, El-Sayed M. El-Sayed and Mahmoud F. Mubarak","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00847B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00847B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A novel composite membrane, comprising polystyrene, polypyrrole, and salian (PSPPY-Sa), was developed through the electro spinning technique to enhance scaling inhibition in water filtration systems. The characterization of the membrane was conducted using FTIR, XRD, and TGA measurements. An extensive study was performed to evaluate the impact of varying salian loadings, ranging from 0 to 20 weight percent, on both the morphological properties and the scaling inhibition performance. To evaluate the anti-scaling properties of the membrane, accelerated scaling tests were performed with a 2000 ppm CaSO<small>₄</small> solution, filtering a synthetic scaling solution. Morphological assessments revealed a uniform distribution of salian microdomains across the fibrous surface of the PSPPY-Sa membrane. Notably, the incorporation of salian at 20% loading achieved a 95% reduction in scale formation, demonstrating superior performance compared to pristine or singly modified membranes. The PSPPY-Sa membrane also demonstrated remarkable thermal stability, underscoring its potential for effective scaling inhibition in water filtration applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 422-434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The occurrence, characteristics and control of ribavirin and chloroquine phosphate in the aquatic environment: a review","authors":"Xicheng Wang, Zhangbin Pan, Zhenqi Du, Wuchang Song, Congcong Li, Rong Xiao and Ruibao Jia","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00558A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00558A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ribavirin (RBV) and chloroquine phosphate (CQP) are widely used antiviral drugs, and have raised considerable concern due to their ubiquitous nature, persistence, bioaccumulation, and high toxicity. In this paper, the sources and routes of RBV and CQP in the environment are documented, and the potential risks associated with these two antiviral drugs are analyzed. Besides, considering that conventional sewage treatment shows a limited removal effect on RBV and CQP, this review also provides a summary of the effectiveness of several advanced treatment processes in treating RBV and CQP, including biological treatment, photodegradation process, adsorption, membrane treatment, advanced oxidation process and advanced reduction process. The advanced oxidation process is a promising method because of its non-selectivity, short reaction time, and high treatment efficiency, and can also be combined with other treatment processes. In future research, the challenge of developing and optimizing cost-effective and efficient techniques for RBV and CQP removal should be surmounted.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 560-572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}