Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Selective removal of Ca2+ from brackish water by electrodialysis desalination: process optimization and application","authors":"Li Chen, Ling Feng, Renliang Zhang, Pengyu Liu and Binghui Tian","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00885E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00885E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Exploration and application of unconventional water sources, particularly brackish water, have emerged as key strategies for addressing freshwater scarcity. Electrodialysis (ED) is utilised in brackish water desalination to eliminate Ca<small>²⁺</small> owing to its cost-effectiveness and eco-friendliness. This study integrated electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to examine the effects of voltage, flow rate, and initial concentration on the migration numbers of Na<small>⁺</small> and Ca<small>²⁺</small> ions as well as the selectivity coefficient for Ca<small>²⁺</small> during ED. The experimental results revealed that a lower voltage, flow rate, and initial concentration enhanced the selective removal of Ca<small>²⁺</small> compared to Na<small>⁺</small>, which was linked to variations in the boundary layer thickness near the membrane. The maximum <img> reached 2.48 at an initial concentration of 3.3 mmol L<small>⁻¹</small>, with a voltage of 6 V and an influent flow rate of 36 L h<small>⁻¹</small>. In addition, a 2 month pilot study was conducted using brackish groundwater from northwestern China. This indicates a stable effluent and high efficiency of Ca<small>²⁺</small> removal during brackish water treatment <em>via</em> the ED process. The Ca<small>²⁺</small> concentration in the effluent remained below 20 mg L<small>⁻¹</small> with a daily water production efficiency of 90%. This study offers valuable insights into ED technology applicable to the desalination and hardness reduction of brackish water.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 655-666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00885e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of hydrogen peroxide mediated zinc oxide photocatalytic nanoparticles from Peepal (Ficus Religiosa) leaf extract for the treatment of actual tannery wastewater","authors":"Ganeshkumar Govindasamy and Arjunan Babu Ponnusami","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00713A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00713A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Advanced oxidation processes, such as heterogeneous photocatalysis, can break down recalcitrant compounds. The overall effectiveness of the majority of semiconductor-based photocatalysts during continuous operation and in actual wastewater matrices is still insufficient. This research examines the concurrent removal of chemical oxygen demand and chromium(<small>VI</small>) from real tannery wastewater. This is achieved through the application of a photocatalyst namely zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared using <em>Ficus Religiosa</em> leaf extract. The Tauc plot revealed the bandgap energy of zinc oxide to be 3.40 eV and the XPS survey picture confirmed that the binding energy between two peaks of Zn<small>_3/2</small> and Zn<small>_1/2</small> is 23.15 eV, confirming the formation of zinc oxide. 97.25% chromium(<small>VI</small>) and 89.3% chemical oxygen demand removal was achieved under optimal conditions of pH, H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> and the catalyst dosage level of 7, 19.5 mM, and 4 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively. Also, the degradation studies followed pseudo first order kinetics with a rate constant value of 0.0827 min<small>⁻¹</small> and an <em>R</em><small>²</small> value of 0.98. Furthermore, the catalyst's reusability was confirmed under optimal conditions. This article shows an eco-friendly method for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 508-523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of quantitative microbial risk assessments for potable water reuse†","authors":"Emily Clements, Charlotte van der Nagel, Katherine Crank, Deena Hannoun and Daniel Gerrity","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00661E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00661E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Potable water reuse is becoming more common as communities deal with increased water demands and climate change. Understanding the risks associated with potable reuse is essential to ensuring that public health is protected from waterborne pathogens. This paper provides a review on the studies that have performed quantitative microbial risk assessments (QMRAs) on potable reuse. The 30 articles included here studied direct potable reuse (DPR), indirect potable reuse (IPR), and/or <em>de facto</em> reuse (DFR), and a variety of pathogens, including norovirus, adenovirus, <em>Cryptosporidium</em>, <em>Giardia</em>, <em>Campylobacter</em>, and <em>Salmonella</em>. The QMRAs were either ‘top-down’ or regulations-focused, where log reduction targets (LRTs) were determined based on initial (<em>e.g.</em>, raw wastewater) pathogen concentrations and risk goals (<em>e.g.</em>, 10<small>⁻⁴</small> annual risk benchmark), or ‘bottom-up’ or risk-estimation-focused, where risks were calculated based on known pathogen concentrations and observed/credited log reduction values (LRVs). Some studies incorporated process failures and pathogen decay, which were often a driving factor for risk, but several studies omitted one or both. Many studies compared multiple treatment trains (<em>e.g.</em>, carbon-based advanced treatment (CBAT) <em>vs.</em> reverse-osmosis-based advanced treatment (RBAT)). They found that treatment-based differences were pathogen-dependent because certain processes are better able to inactivate or remove certain pathogens. Many factors influence the risks reported in the various studies, including the assumed ratios of gene copies to infectious units (GC : IU), assumptions related to ingestion volume and frequency, dynamic <em>vs.</em> static modeling, and Bayesian approaches. The LRTs for the top-down QMRAs varied within and between studies, depending partially on the pathogen concentrations used and whether redundancy was included. The key findings from this review were that while QMRAs often have different goals warranting different assumptions, it is essential that researchers report these assumptions and their justifications so that policymakers and regulators fully understand their implications to avoid overly stringent or nonprotective regulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 542-559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00661e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrating 10 years of Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","authors":"Graham A. Gagnon, Paige J. Novak and David M. Cwiertny","doi":"10.1039/D4EW90049A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW90049A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >As the current and past Editors-in-Chief of <em>Environmental Science: Water Research &amp; Technology</em> (<em>ES:WRT</em>), we are thrilled to celebrate the journal's 10-year anniversary!</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 165-166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanobioparticle-prepared biochar enhanced Fenton oxidation for treatment of saline organic wastewater†","authors":"Shanhong Lan, Shiwen Geng, Yuqi Jin, Hui Zhang, Xun Liu, Chenbo Ma, Chuankun Li, Xuejie Dong, Qiliang Cao and Ke Li","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00760C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00760C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Fenton oxidation technology is an effective pretreatment method for saline organic wastewater, yet it suffers from issues such as low hydrogen peroxide utilization efficiency, large dosages of reagents and sludge production, high-cost operation, and potential secondary pollution. This study aims to enhance the Fenton oxidation treatment of saline organic wastewater using nanobioparticle-prepared biochar in a traditional Fenton system to address these shortcomings. Initially, nano-bioparticles of FeS were synthesized using <em>Bacillus cereus</em> and carbonized at 700 °C under the protection of argon to produce biochar, which was characterized by SEM, EDS, and XRD. Subsequently, the efficiency and optimal operational conditions of the enhanced Fenton system for treating saline organic wastewater were investigated. Results indicated that the optimal dosage of biochar was 0.1 g L<small>⁻¹</small>, with a reagent ratio (mass ratio) of COD : Fe<small>²⁺</small> : H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> = 1 : 1 : 0.8, pH = 3, and a reaction time of 40 minutes. Under these conditions, the COD removal efficiency of the enhanced Fenton system reached 50.5%, showing a significant improvement compared to the traditional Fenton system (38.8%). Finally, the mechanism of strengthening the Fenton reaction by FeS nano-biochar was explored from four aspects: ·OH generation, H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> consumption, Fe(<small>II</small>) to Fe(<small>III</small>) conversion, and redox capability. The study demonstrated that FeS nanoparticles could activate molecular oxygen to produce ·O<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small>, promote Fe(<small>II</small>)/Fe(<small>III</small>) cycling, indirectly enhance ·OH generation from H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small>, reduce its ineffective decomposition, and utilize the electronic conductivity of biochar to enhance the system's redox capability, thereby improving the COD removal efficiency of the enhanced Fenton system for saline organic wastewater. This research advanced the operational cost and treatment efficiency of traditional Fenton technology, providing parameters and scientific foundations for accelerating the practical application of novel enhanced Fenton technology in treating refractory industrial wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 618-626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel water quality prediction model based on BiMKANsDformer","authors":"Tichen Huang, Yuyan Jiang, Rumeijiang Gan and Fuyu Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00883A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00883A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Water quality prediction is crucial for protecting aquatic ecosystems and ensuring human health. However, the water quality time series exhibits characteristics such as nonlinearity and nonstationarity, making efficient feature extraction crucial for improving prediction accuracy. To achieve more accurate and efficient prediction tasks, this study improves the traditional Transformer and proposes a novel water quality prediction framework based on a Transformer called BiMKANsDformer. Secondly, this study improves the interactive convolution block (ICB) by integrating dilated convolution, developing the D-ICB module suitable for extracting complex time series features. Finally, by combining the long-term dependency capturing capability of D-ICB with the feature extraction advantages of BiMamba+ and KANs, this study integrates these components with a Transformer to enhance its processing ability for time series data. Comparative experiments indicate that BiMKANsDformer shows significant advantages in NSE, MAE, RSR, and MAPE, demonstrating stronger robustness and predictive accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 3","pages":" 590-603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic impact of rice husk biomass derived carbon supports on the performance of biogenic Fe0-catalyzed advanced oxidation processes for oxytetracycline remediation†","authors":"Sandeep Kumar, Parminder Kaur, Jyoti Rani, Janpreet Singh, Sandeep Kaushal, J. Nagendra Babu and Sunil Mittal","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00912F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00912F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study explores the use of rice husk biomass and its derived carbon materials—hydrochar (HC) and biochar (BC)—as supports for biogenic zerovalent iron (ZVI) nanocomposites (ZVI@RH, ZVI@HC, and ZVI@BC) in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC). The catalysts were characterized using FTIR, XRD, FESEM, and XPS techniques, and their performance in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for OTC degradation was assessed. Results showed that the ZVI@BC nanocomposite outperformed ZVI@RH and ZVI@HC in OTC removal through heterogeneous Fenton-like processes. The addition of PMS further enhanced OTC degradation by generating more reactive oxygen species (ROS), making the process more efficient than the Fenton process alone. The higher surface defects in BC, resulting from pyrolysis, improved OTC adsorption and degradation, and facilitated more effective ZVI-mediated PMS activation in ZVI@BC, achieving nearly 98.3% OTC removal from the aqueous solution. The involvement of various ROS in OTC degradation was examined using radical scavengers, and DFT calculations proposed a degradation pathway by identifying ROS attack sites on the OTC chromophore. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis was used to identify reaction intermediates. This study emphasizes the potential of using agricultural waste-derived materials in AOPs, presenting a sustainable and cost-effective method for environmental remediation and OTC antibiotic degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 242-261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of intracellular algal organic matter and nitrate on disinfection byproduct formation in chlorinated water after UV/H2O2 and UV/Cl2 advanced oxidation processes†","authors":"Fateme Barancheshme and Olya S. Keen","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00749B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00749B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are one of the highly effective alternatives for treatment of algal toxins in drinking water. Water that contains algal toxins commonly has organic matter of algal origin and elevated nitrate. Organic matter undergoes transformations during advanced oxidation processes and may change in a way that increases disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation when water is chlorinated post-AOP. Nitrate forms reactive nitrogen species under certain UV wavelengths that can also interact with organic matter and change its properties in a way that increases post-AOP DBP formation. Two types of advanced oxidation processes (UV/H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> and UV/Cl<small>₂</small>) were compared in their ability to change the formation potential of regulated DBPs [four trihalomethanes (THMs) and nine haloacetic acids (HAAs)] and an unregulated nitrogenous DBP (N-DBP) <em>N</em>-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) due to the interaction of the process with algal organic matter (AOM) and nitrate in the water. The two AOPs showed no significant differences in post-treatment DBP formation under any of the tested conditions. Higher levels of treatment with both processes led to slightly higher formation potential of some THMs. AOM made a poor precursor for additional THMs and three HAAs (six not consistently detected), but had a higher NDMA yield than background organic matter (0.59 ng mg<small>⁻¹</small>-C <em>vs.</em> 0.18 ng mg<small>⁻¹</small>-C, <em>p</em> = 0.038). Nitrate suppressed chlorinated THMs and favored increased concentrations of brominated THMs and HAAs, resulting in higher percent incorporation of background bromide into DBPs. Moreover, nitrate addition (20 mg-N L<small>⁻¹</small> of added nitrate compared to the background level of 0.47 mg-N L<small>⁻¹</small>) led to 11 times higher NDMA formation. Formation of N-DBPs during post-AOP chlorination in the presence of AOM and nitrate warrants additional investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 494-507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ew/d4ew00749b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A machine learning framework to predict PPCP removal through various wastewater and water reuse treatment trains†","authors":"Joung Min Choi, Vineeth Manthapuri, Ishi Keenum, Connor L. Brown, Kang Xia, Chaoqi Chen, Peter J. Vikesland, Matthew F. Blair, Charles Bott, Amy Pruden and Liqing Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00892H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EW00892H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The persistence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) through wastewater treatment and resulting contamination of aquatic environments and drinking water is a pervasive concern, necessitating means of identifying effective treatment strategies for PPCP removal. In this study, we employed machine learning (ML) models to classify 149 PPCPs based on their chemical properties and predict their removal <em>via</em> wastewater and water reuse treatment trains. We evaluated two distinct clustering approaches: C1 (clustering based on the most efficient individual treatment process) and C2 (clustering based on the removal pattern of PPCPs across treatments). For this, we grouped PPCPs based on their relative abundances by comparing peak areas measured <em>via</em> non-target profiling using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry through two field-scale treatment trains. The resulting clusters were then classified using Abraham descriptors and log <em>K</em><small>_ow</small> as input to the three ML models: support vector machines (SVM), logistic regression, and random forest (RF). SVM achieved the highest accuracy, 79.1%, in predicting PPCP removal. Notably, a 58–75% overlap was observed between the ML clusters of PPCPs and the Abraham descriptor and log <em>K</em><small>_ow</small> clusters of PPCPs, indicating the potential of using Abraham descriptors and log <em>K</em><small>_ow</small> to predict the fate of PPCPs through various treatment trains. Given the myriad of PPCPs of concern, this approach can supplement information gathered from experimental testing to help optimize the design of wastewater and water reuse treatment trains for PPCP removal.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 481-493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency and mechanisms of combined persulfate and nanofiltration for the removal of typical perfluorinated compounds","authors":"Lihua Sun, Yan Zhang, Zixuan Xi, Ruiying Li and Kaiquan Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D4EW00819G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EW00819G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are a class of emerging pollutants that are commonly detected in surface water and pose significant risks to both the environment and public health. This study investigates a combined treatment method for removing perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a prevalent PFC found in micro-polluted surface water. The method integrates nanoscale zero-valent iron (nFe)-activated persulfate (PS) pre-oxidation with conventional water treatment processes—coagulation, sedimentation, and sand filtration—combined with nanofiltration (NF). This study primarily aims to evaluate the efficiency of this combined process for PFOA removal and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying PS oxidation and NF separation. The treatment sequence, comprising nFe/PS pre-oxidation, conventional treatment, and NF, was strategically designed considering the specific roles of each process in PFOA removal. In the initial stage, nFe-activated PS generates sulfate radicals (SO<small>₄</small><small>⁻</small>·) and hydroxyl radicals (OH·), which oxidize and degrade PFOA. The subsequent conventional treatment removes the majority of degradation byproducts and suspended solids. Finally, NF retains both PFOA and its oxidation products, thereby ensuring high removal efficiency. Experimental results indicate that an optimal PS dosage of 0.2 mM and an nFe-to-PS molar ratio of 1 : 1 achieved the maximum efficiency for PFOA removal. Among the tested sequences, “nFe/PS pre-oxidation + conventional treatment + NF” achieved the highest removal rate, exceeding 99%. Furthermore, this sequence resulted in the lowest surface potential of the NF membrane, which enhanced electrostatic interactions between the membrane and PFOA. This reduction in surface potential, combined with the formation of C–O bonds between PFOA and the NF membrane, further enhanced PFOA adsorption onto the membrane surface. The combined process of nFe/PS pre-oxidation, conventional treatment, and nanofiltration effectively removes PFOA from micro-polluted surface water, thereby contributing to improved drinking water safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 2","pages":" 449-460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}