Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of ZVI and sulfidated ZVI on sulfate-reducing microbial communities and implications for groundwater remediation","authors":"Nofil Khan, Asef Redwan, Syful Islam, Lingfei Fan, Weile Yan and Kayleigh Millerick","doi":"10.1039/D6EW00039H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EW00039H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Sulfur-modified zero valent iron (ZVI) is a common groundwater remediation strategy, and biologically produced sulfur species may enhance ZVI reactivity and specificity at remediation sites. However, the impact of ZVI on the indigenous sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) that produce reduced sulfur has not been well explored, and this is important for sustained particle activity. We assessed the influence of original and sulfur-modified (“sulfidated”) ZVI particles on pure culture <em>Desulfovibrio desulfuricans</em> and an SRB aquifer enrichment culture. Particles examined included lab-synthesized nanoscale ZVI (nZVI), Alfa Aesar iron powder (ZVI<small>^AA</small>; micron-sized), and commercially available Peerless iron filings (ZVI<small>^PLS</small>; micron-sized). Results show that sulfidated ZVI are most compatible with SRB when particles are mesoscale and highly pure; sulfate reduction was most rapid with ZVI<small>^AA</small> for both timescales. Sulfidation reduces methanogenic growth in sulfate-reducing mixed communities. Archaeal differences are most pronounced with nZVI (relative abundance of 25.8% [as-synthesized] <em>versus</em> 1.1% [sulfidated]) but sulfidation of ZVI<small>^PLS</small> also reduces methanogens (10.1% [as-synthesized] <em>versus</em> 4.6% [sulfidated]). Sulfidation of all particles shifts microbial community composition, and resulting consortia are distinct from particle-free incubations but sustain sulfate-reducing activity. Overall, our data demonstrate that pre-sulfidated particles are less likely to inhibit sulfate-reducing activity, providing the first direct evidence that sulfidated ZVI can be compatible with SRB over different timescales. These findings support the feasibility of integrated ZVI-SRB strategies for <em>in situ</em> remediation under sulfidic subsurface conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1235-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of pBI143 with gastrointestinal pathogens and threshold-based prediction of Salmonella spp. outbreaks","authors":"Mustafa Ali, Ocean Thakali, Tamunobelema Solomon, Tania Moharrery, Daniel A. Nwaubani and Samendra Sherchan","doi":"10.1039/D5EW01033K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW01033K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) offers population-level insights into enteric pathogen circulation and potential outbreak activity. We conducted a year-long (2024) surveillance across two wastewater treatment plants in Baltimore, MD (50 influent samples), quantifying adenovirus, enteropathogenic <em>E. coli</em> (EPEC), and <em>Salmonella</em> spp. by qPCR alongside fecal markers (crAssphage and pBI143). Wastewater <em>Salmonella</em> concentrations exceeded season-specific WHO 95th-percentile thresholds during eight weeks (four per treatment plant) and wastewater signals were compared with CDC-reported <em>Salmonella</em> outbreaks and FDA product recalls. 50% occurred within or 2–4 weeks before a CDC-confirmed outbreak, and an additional 25% aligned with FDA recall-slinked events, yielding 75% concordance of exceedances with documented outbreak/recall activity. Wastewater <em>Salmonella</em> concentrations correlated with reported cases (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Adenovirus and <em>E. coli</em> were detected in 100% samples whereas <em>Salmonella</em> was detected in 84% of samples and showed pronounced seasonality, peaking in summer and fall. Pathogen-marker associations were stronger for adenovirus (crAssphage <em>r</em> = 0.73; pBI143 <em>r</em> = 0.69) and <em>E. coli</em> EPEC (crAssphage <em>r</em> = 0.66; pBI143 <em>r</em> = 0.61) than for <em>Salmonella</em> (overall <em>r</em> = 0.49 with crAssphage; <em>r</em> = 0.39 with pBI143), excluding winter increased <em>Salmonella</em>-marker correlations to 0.56 for crAssphage and 0.58 for pBI143. These findings show the utility of the novel plasmid pBI143 for tracking enteric pathogens and demonstrate that threshold-based <em>Salmonella</em> alerts provide timely, additional information for outbreak detection, complementing case-based surveillance in urban communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 5","pages":" 1426-1434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for discriminatory detection of Vibrio cholerae","authors":"Seju Kang, Meret Zimmermann, Michelle Reinhart and Timothy R. Julian","doi":"10.1039/D5EW01147G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW01147G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Cholera outbreaks continue to pose significant public health challenges, particularly in resource-constrained regions of Africa and Southeast Asia. Limitations in existing surveillance tools and approaches are one impediment to rapid and effective public health responses. To address this, we developed molecular beacon-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays targeting <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> (<em>V. cholerae</em>) markers <em>ompW</em>, <em>O1rfb</em>, <em>O139rfb</em>, and <em>tcpA</em> relevant to species-, serogroup-, and biotype-level detection. The assays achieved high analytical sensitivity with limits of detection ranging from ∼99 to 487 gene copies per reaction, performed in duplex with minimal change in non-specific background, and were robust when tested on wastewater as a complex environmental matrix. Quantitatively, the assays showed a strong monotonic association between the logarithmic target concentration and the assay's time-to-threshold (<em>T</em><small>_t</small>) (Spearman's <em>ρ</em>: consistently high across targets, <em>ρ</em> ≤ 0.53), but only moderate linearity (single-plex <em>R</em><small>²</small> = 0.59 to 0.74, duplex <em>R</em><small>²</small> = 0.54 to 0.72). While the monotonic relationship is strong, concentration estimates remain uncertain, constraining precise linear quantification. We outline assay design and analysis features that help reconcile these differences and may guide future improvements. Despite some limitations, particularly variability in time-to-reach threshold at low target concentrations, these validated LAMP assays show potential as tools for cholera surveillance and outbreak response. However, further optimization, including improving reproducibility at low concentrations and minimizing false positives during extended reaction times, would enhance their reliability for routine field deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1222-1234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ew/d5ew01147g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium hypochlorite oxidation of imazalil: mechanistic insights and byproduct profiling","authors":"Armando Zarrelli","doi":"10.1039/D6EW00025H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EW00025H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Imazalil is a broad-spectrum fungicide widely used in the post-harvest treatment of citrus and other fruits, and it's frequently detected in surface waters and wastewater due to its high persistence and the limited removal efficiency of conventional treatment processes. This study evaluates the degradation of imazalil in the presence of sodium hypochlorite, an oxidizing agent commonly employed in water disinfection. Using spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, eleven degradation byproducts were isolated and characterized, and a reaction mechanism for their formation was proposed. The results show that imazalil chlorination is a rapid and efficient process, achieving more than 75% removal of the initial concentration under optimal conditions (pH 11.5, 25 °C, NaClO/imazalil molar ratio ≈ 15). Some DBPs exhibit structural characteristics associated with potential genotoxicity, as reported in the literature. Future studies will involve testing in real water matrices, targeted analyses to validate the proposed pathways and quantify DBPs under realistic operating conditions, and dedicated toxicology investigations to assess their hazard and risk. Overall, this research contributes significantly to understanding the transformation processes of imazalil during water disinfection, highlighting both the efficacy of chlorination as an environmental abatement method and the need to carefully evaluate the risks associated with the secondary byproduct formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1280-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ew/d6ew00025h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coagulation performance and mechanisms of polymeric zirconium coagulants: insights from integrated experiments and simulations","authors":"Hailing Li, Xinyue Wu, Luwen Qi, Yudong Nie, Lei Zhang, Yuyang Xiao, Yue Shen, Qian Shen and Tiantao Zhao","doi":"10.1039/D6EW00050A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EW00050A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Zirconium-based coagulants are a novel class of inorganic coagulants that have attracted considerable attention in recent years because of their outstanding coagulation performance. This study introduces a novel polymeric zirconium-based coagulant and compares the coagulation performance of two variants with different counterions, polymeric zirconium chloride and polymeric zirconium sulfate, in treating domestic sewage. The results show that both polymeric zirconium sulfate and polymeric zirconium chloride achieve turbidity removal rates above 95%, total organic carbon removal above 90%, and total phosphorus removal above 90%. The flocs exhibit a dense core, a rough surface, good settling properties, and a large specific surface area. These coagulants primarily remove contaminants through the synergistic mechanisms of charge neutralization and adsorption bridging. Compared with polymeric zirconium chloride, polymeric zirconium sulfate exhibits more stable removal efficiency across a broader dosage range and performs better over a wider pH range. Polymeric zirconium chloride derived flocs have a faster grow rate, whereas polymeric zirconium sulfate derived flocs show greater resistance to breakage and stronger recovery capacity. The mechanistic similarities and differences were further elucidated through molecular dynamics simulations. This study provides theoretical support for the application of polymeric zirconium-based coagulants in water treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1092-1104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change effects on seawater reverse osmosis desalination: an Australian case study","authors":"Gustavo Leite Dias Pereira, Jorge Paz-Ferreiro, José Luís Cortina, Abhijit Date and Veeriah Jegatheesan","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00805K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00805K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ocean acidification, rising sea temperatures, and changes in seawater composition are mainstream effects of climate change. Nevertheless, seawater desalination projects, plant designs, simulations, and experimental studies largely ignore these long-term effects. To address this challenge, here we report an extensive climate data analysis (1950 to 2100) and impacts on ionic balances, seawater pretreatments, and ultrafiltration – reverse osmosis systems (UF-RO) in an Australian context. By focusing on five main shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5) and five regions (Adelaide, Gold Coast, Perth, Sydney, and Victoria), we have quantified historical and possible future consequences for desalination. Specifically, we analysed changes in salinity contents, increasing CO<small>₂</small> release through chlorine disinfection, and displayed the underperformance of some UF-RO systems in more pessimistic climate scenarios. This work demonstrates that desalination projects are not isolated from long-lasting climate shifts. Consequently, the ramifications of climate change must be considered for future desalination contracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1154-1177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upgrading the two-stage partial nitritation/anammox process: high-rate partial nitritation with hydroxyapatite-enhanced anammox granular sludge","authors":"Ying Song, Lan Lin, Chao Rong and Yu-You Li","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00850F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00850F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Two-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) provides a low-energy, low-carbon pathway for nitrogen removal. In recent years, high-rate partial nitritation coupled with hydroxyapatite (HAP)-enhanced anammox granules has attracted growing attention. This review summarizes current progress and outlines future directions for this process. We first examine the fundamentals of PN and anammox separately, covering reaction stoichiometry and kinetics alongside microbial ecology and practical operating windows. We then discuss the role of HAP in granulation and biomass stabilization, clarifying the proposed mechanisms (<em>e.g.</em>, nucleation/templating, Ca–P surface chemistry, and EPS interactions) and the rationale for selecting the HAP-enhanced granules. Next, we compile laboratory and pilot evidence under low-temperature and real-wastewater matrices and assess two-stage coupling, with emphasis on inter-stage load balance and control strategies that deliver the desired NO<small>₂</small><small>⁻</small>-N : NH<small>₄</small><small>⁺</small>-N ratio to the anammox stage. Finally, we identify key limitations and future needs, which center on the PN step and end-to-end process engineering: robust NOB control with sustained AOB activity at low temperature; predictive, site-transferable approaches for community composition design and process control; and full-chain integration, including pretreatment for complex industrial wastewaters and adaptive cascade control. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive, systematic summary of advantages and research gaps to guide future study and implementation of high-rate PN with HAP-enhanced anammox.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1048-1061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ew/d5ew00850f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization strategies for urban sewage pipe networks in a representative city in China based on multi-dimensional precision assessment","authors":"Weiqiang Rao, Zhenbei Wang, Chen Li, Junda Lai, Yunci Zhang, Lirong Zhao, Yujin Gan, Keke Zhao and Fei Qi","doi":"10.1039/D5EW01142F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW01142F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In China, the sewage pipe networks in older central urban areas have been in operation for many years. Although local governments have attached great importance to urban sewage pipe network management, there is still the lack of a precision assessment method to effectively guide the construction, repair or reconstruction of sewage pipe networks for local governments. In this study, Zunyi was selected as a representative example. A multi-dimensional precision assessment system was proposed to explore the challenges in the urban sewage pipe network and guide targeted infrastructure improvements. Breaking through the limitations of traditional assessments, this system delineated 10 drainage zones based on wastewater treatment plant service areas, pipeline distribution, and urban planning. Key metrics—sewage collection rates, pipe network damage rates, and CSO risks—were evaluated under current (2022) and projected (2025) scenarios. The results revealed that the sewage pipe network densities in all zones were lower than those in developed countries, leading to the sewage collection rates being lower than 70% in most zones until 2025. This indicated that many zones in Zunyi required network construction to mitigate direct discharge of sewage. Based on the volume of untreated sewage on sunny days and the risk of CSOs during rainy days, two zones in Huichuan District should be prioritized for construction, repair, or reconstruction. Subsequently, zone III should be constructed or reconstructed due to significant CSOs during heavy rainfall. If local government economic conditions permit, additional sewage pipe networks should be constructed in all zones, except for zones III, IV, and V in Honghuagang District, to enhance sewage collection capacity. This study provides an innovative paradigm for the scientific assessment and efficient governance of urban sewage pipe networks in China and is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of the urban water environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1178-1186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A chitosan-modified buckwheat hull biochar dynamic adsorption column as a sustainable and efficient technology for lead-acid battery wastewater treatment","authors":"Jiayu Zhao, Qian Luo, Wenlong Zhao, Cong Li, Junyang Xiao, Junfeng Li and Xuemei Zhu","doi":"10.1039/D5EW01081K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW01081K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The treatment of lead-contaminated wastewater, particularly at low concentrations, remains a significant challenge. This study presents a novel dynamic adsorption process using a chitosan–buckwheat hull biochar composite (KQB) for efficient Pb<small>²⁺</small> removal. Comprehensive characterization using SEM-EDS, FTIR, BET, XRD, and XPS was conducted to verify the successful modification and favorable physicochemical properties of the composite. By employing the response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design (RSM-BBD), critical parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time were optimized to achieve a removal efficiency of 95.31%, resulting in a residual Pb<small>²⁺</small> concentration of ∼0.23 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>, which complies with the standard discharge limit. The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium data were best described by the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model and the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively, indicating a monolayer chemisorption process. Furthermore, XPS analysis confirmed that the primary removal mechanisms involve ion exchange and surface complexation with amino and hydroxyl groups. KQB outperforms conventional coagulation methods, demonstrating higher removal rates and a significantly reduced effluent pollution index (<em>P</em><small>_i</small> = 0.56 <em>vs.</em> 1.72 for coagulation), coupled with lower operational costs. Furthermore, the composite exhibited excellent stability and reusability over 5 regeneration cycles. This dynamic adsorption process offers a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional methods, with potential applications in wastewater treatment and broader environmental remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1209-1221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance of Vibrio cholerae in a non-sewered sanitation refugee camp setting using culture methods: Dzaleka camp, Malawi","authors":"Brandie Banner Shackelford, Petros Chigwechokha, Ernest Chilalika, Lucious Ziba, Christopher Misomali, Mphatso Kanjiru, Patrick Buleya, Ruth Lusungu Nyirenda, Marlene K. Wolfe and Rochelle H. Holm","doi":"10.1039/D5EW00871A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5EW00871A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Refugees living in camps may be particularly vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks because of factors such as overcrowding, inconsistent preventive healthcare, and limited water, sanitation, and hygiene services. Due to the endemicity of cholera, Malawi provides a suitable setting for a wastewater and environmental surveillance feasibility study in a refugee camp. We conducted a study in the Dzaleka camp in Malawi during a nationwide cholera outbreak. Incentivized refugee volunteers collected samples for 19 weeks from seven high-use public pit latrines and from a vacuum pump truck used to remove fecal sludge. The National Microbiological Reference Laboratory of the Public Health Institute of Malawi used culture methods, with confirmation using VITEK MS or Analytical Profile Index, to detect <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>. Academic partners provided technical input, training, and quality assurance throughout the study. The results were reviewed weekly at partner-coordination meetings. No <em>V. cholerae</em> were detected in regular samples (<em>n</em> = 147), in concordance with clinical data from the same period. The paired pit latrine and pump truck samples also had consistent negative results for <em>V. cholerae</em>. Other noncholera, pathogenic <em>Vibrio</em> species were identified in seven samples, namely, <em>V. alginolyticus</em>, <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em>, and <em>V. metschnikovii</em>. Here, we discuss the unique challenges of conducting wastewater and environmental surveillance in refugee camp settings, including our operational framework. This study provides a framework for scaling wastewater and environmental surveillance efforts in other humanitarian contexts through robust partnerships, clear protocols for non-sewered sanitation systems, and in-country resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":75,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology","volume":" 4","pages":" 1126-1134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ew/d5ew00871a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}