良好暴露:探索爱荷华州水井和市政饮用水中的化学和微生物组成†

IF 3.1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Jemima E. Ohwobete, Drew E. Latta, Adam R. Hoffman, Darrin A. Thompson, Daniel W. Gilles, David M. Cwiertny and Sarah Haig
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引用次数: 0

摘要

《安全饮用水法》(SDWA)规定了公共饮用水系统的水质,使得大多数从私人水井获取饮用水的个人不受这项立法的保护。鉴于15%的美国人口依赖于不受监管的私人拥有的水井获得饮用水(水井饮用水;(WDW),迫切需要评估WDW是否含有可能对人类健康产生不利影响的水质成分水平升高。此外,SDWA不规范许多新出现的微生物污染物,包括可感染免疫功能低下个体(DWPIs)的饮用水相关病原体,这是美国疾病控制与预防中心估计每年在美国造成715万水源性疾病的更广泛的微生物污染物组的一部分。这项研究比较了爱荷华州东北部20口井和20个市政饮用水(MDW)样本中33种化学参数的浓度和两种dwpi的绝对丰度。利用16S rRNA扩增子测序,还评估了微生物群落结构的差异。样本从11个市政系统中收集,WDW样本是根据与市政服务区的接近程度选择的。平均而言,WDW样品中大多数化学污染物和dwpi的浓度较高,物种丰富度是MDW样品的两倍。在受管制的化学品中,只有硝酸盐超过了SDWA限值,而且只有一个WDW样品超过了SDWA限值。在微生物组水平上,WDW和MDW样品具有不同的群落组成,其结构差异最大的原因是供水的特定含水层。这些发现为私人井用户的潜在风险提供了新的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Well exposed: exploring the chemical and microbial composition in well and municipal drinking waters in Iowa†

Well exposed: exploring the chemical and microbial composition in well and municipal drinking waters in Iowa†

The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) regulates water quality in public drinking water systems, leaving most individuals who obtain their drinking water from private wells unprotected by this legislation. Given that 15% of the U.S. population relies on unregulated, privately owned wells for their drinking water (well drinking water; WDW), there is an urgent need to assess whether WDW contains elevated levels of water quality constituents that could detrimentally affect human health. Additionally, the SDWA does not regulate many emerging microbial contaminants, including drinking water-associated pathogens that can infect immunocompromised individuals (DWPIs), which are part of the broader group of microbial contaminants estimated by the CDC to cause 7.15 million waterborne illnesses annually in the U.S. This study compared concentrations of 33 chemical parameters and the absolute abundance of two DWPIs in 20 well and 20 municipal drinking water (MDW) samples in northeast Iowa. Differences in microbial community structure were also assessed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Samples were collected from 11 municipal systems, and WDW samples were selected based on proximity to municipal service areas. WDW samples, on average, contained higher concentrations of most chemical contaminants and DWPIs, and exhibited twice the species richness of MDW samples. Among regulated chemicals, only nitrate exceeded the SDWA limit, and only in one WDW sample. At the microbiome level, WDW and MDW samples had distinct community compositions, with the specific aquifer supplying the water explaining the greatest variance in structure. These findings provide new insights into potential exposures among private well users.

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来源期刊
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology
Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL SC-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
4.00%
发文量
206
期刊介绍: Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology seeks to showcase high quality research about fundamental science, innovative technologies, and management practices that promote sustainable water.
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