Allergologia et immunopathologia最新文献

{"title":"SLC27A3 downregulation restores Th17/Treg balance and alleviates COPD via JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibition.","authors":"Xiaoping Li, Ji Liu, Zehui Jing, Shuxia Li","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main goal of this investigation is to find out how solute carrier family 27 member 3 (SLC27A3) is expressed in the lung tissue of mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and how it relates to lung function. A model of COPD was established by exposing organisms to cigarette smoke, followed by investigating the role of SLC27A3 in COPD through experiments conducted both in living organisms and in laboratory settings. Knockout mice lacking SLC27A3 were produced through siRNA transfection to investigate lung function and inflammatory response, using methods such as hematoxylin-eosin staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blotting was carried out to analyze the expression of SLC27A3. Naïve CD4+ T-cells were stimulated with anti-CD3, anti-CD28, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and/or interleukin (IL)-6, and their differentiation into Th17 or Treg cells was promoted, as assessed by flow cytometry. The pathway expression of JAK2/STAT3 was detected using Western blotting. Mice with COPD that had higher expression levels of SLC27A3 in their lung tissue display abnormalities in lung architecture and function, as well as an imbalance between Th17 and Tregs and an elevated inflammatory response. In COPD mice with SLC27A3 knockdown, the JAK2/STAT3 pathway was repressed, lung inflammation was decreased, Th17/Treg balance was improved, and lung functioning was improved. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that downregulating SLC27A3 has the potential to attenuate the inflammatory response, mitigate COPD progression, and rebalance the Th17/Treg ratio by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. These results lay a foundation for utilizing SLC27A3 as a potential therapeutic target to modulate the JAK2/STAT3 pathway for the treatment of COPD, with the aim of enhancing lung function, reducing inflammation, and restoring Th17/Treg equilibrium in a clinical context.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acanthoside B attenuates NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and ulcerative colitis through inhibition of tAGE/RAGE pathway.","authors":"Xiaobo He, Chunfang Zhou, Rui Shang, Xiaoyan Wang","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1224","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acanthoside B (Aca.B), a principal bioactive compound extracted from <i>Pogostemon cablin</i>, exhibits superior anti-inflammatory capacity. Ulcerative colitis is a nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease with unknown etiology. The potential of Aca.B as a therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis is also unknown and remains an area for future investigation. In this study, we established both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models to investigate ulcerative colitis, utilizing Llipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated MODE-K cells and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, respectively. The progression of ulcerative colitis was evaluated through histologic analysis, body weight monitoring, and assessment of disease activity index assessment. Furthermore, the effects on pyroptosis were detected through immunoblot analysis. We found that Aca.B treatment significantly ameliorated LPS-induced injury in MODE-K cells, as evidenced by increased cell viability and inhibition of inflammatory response. Moreover, the Aca.B treatment attenuated pyroptosis-specific protein expression, caspase-1 activation, and inflammatory cytokine secretion. In the animal study, Aca.B administration improved bowel symptoms in DSS-induced colitis mice model. This was accompanied by reductionsreduced inweight, colon shortening, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cell pyroptosis <i>in vivo</i>. Furthermore, Aca.B diminished the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE), resulting in a decrease in the expression of the receptor of AGE (RAGE) and downstream phosphorylated P65 expression. e.The inhibition of the inflammatory response and pyroptosis by Aca.B depends on suppressing the AGE/RAGE pathway. This study confirms the effects of Aca.B on pyroptosis and ulcerative colitis, providing a fundamental evidence for translating Aca.B into clinical applications as an anti-inflammatory medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"112-122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaphylaxis in pediatric patients: single-center study in a private hospital.","authors":"Fabiana Andrade Nunes Oliveira, Fátima Rodrigues Fernandes, Dirceu Solé, Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to characterize the profile of probable anaphylaxis cases treated at a private pediatric hospital emergency department in São Paulo. It investigated triggering factors, the presence of cofactors, treatments administered, and follow-up for these cases through interviews with the patients' families. A single-center cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of children and adolescents treated between 2016 and 2020. Allergist physicians evaluated cases with symptoms consistent with anaphylaxis to identify probable cases, and the parents or legal guardians of these cases were interviewed to gather detailed information about the episodes. A total of 69 probable cases of anaphylaxis (PCA) were identified among 460,434 visits. Of the 51 PCAs evaluated, most presented with cutaneous and respiratory symptoms, with a male predominance (63%), and 27% were under 2 years old. Foods, particularly nuts and peanuts, were the primary triggers. Nearly one-third of the patients did not undergo investigation following the episode, and intramuscular adrenaline (37%) and auto-injectable adrenaline (4%) were underutilized as treatments. Eight cases exhibited recurrence of symptoms after initial improvement, suggesting a potential biphasic reaction. In conclusion, this study revealed that the majority of PCAs occurred in male children, with nuts and peanuts as the main triggers. The management of PCAs was suboptimal, characterized by the underutilization of intramuscular adrenaline as the first-line treatment and low rates of auto-injectable adrenaline prescriptions during follow-up. Increasing awareness and education about anaphylaxis in children, along with emphasizing the importance of proper treatment, are crucial to reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in prescribing montelukast in patients with asthma in real-life: Results from the Turkish adult asthma registry.","authors":"Şengül Beyaz, Münevver Erdinç, Serhat Hayme, Ayşe Feyza Aslan, Ömür Aydın, Derya Gökmen, Gözde Köycü Buhari, Zeynep Çelebi Sözener, Bilun Gemicioğlu, İsmet Bulut, Cihan Örçen, Seçil Kepil Özdemir, Metin Keren, Ebru Damadoğlu, Tuğçe Yakut, Ayşe Füsun Kalpaklıoğlu, Ayşe Baccıoğlu, Sümeyra Alan Yalım, İnsu Yılmaz, İlkay Koca Kalkan, Mehmet Atilla Uysal, Elif Yelda Özgün Niksarlıoğlu, Ali Fuat Kalyoncu, Gül Karakaya, Müge Erbay, Sibel Naycı, Fatma Merve Tepetam, Aslı Akkor Gelincik, Hülya Dirol, Özlem Göksel, Selen Karaoğlanoğlu, Ferda Öner Erkekol, Sacide Rana Isık, Füsun Yıldız, Yasemin Yavuz, Dilek Karadoğan, Nurgül Bozkurt, Ümmühan Şeker, İpek Kıvılcım Oğuzülgen, İlknur Başyiğit, Serap Argun Barış, Elif Yılmazel Uçar, Tuba Erdoğan, Mehmet Polatlı, Dane Ediger, Fatma Esra Günaydın, Murat Türk, Leyla Pür, Zeynep Yeğin Katran, Yonca Sekibağ, Enes Furkan Aykaç, Dilşad Mungan, Özcan Gül, Ali Cengiz, Bülent Akkurt, Şeyma Özden, Semra Demir, Derya Ünal, Ali Can, Reyhan Gümüşburun, Gülhan Boğatekin, Hatice Serpil Akten, Sinem İnan, Aliye Candan Öğüş, Murat Kavas, Demet Polat Yuluğ, Mehmet Erdem Çakmak, Saltuk Buğra Kaya, Gülistan Alpagat, Eylem Sercan Özgür, Oğuz Uzun, Şule Taş Gülen, Gülseren Pekbak, Deniz Kızılırmak, Yavuz Havlucu, Halil Dönmez, Bahar Arslan, Gülden Paçacı Çetin, Şadan Soyyiğit, Bilge Yılmaz Kara, Gülden Paşaoğlu Karakış, Adile Berna Dursun, Reşat Kendirlinan, Ayşe Bilge Öztürk, Can Sevinç, Gökçen Ömeroğlu Şimşek, Öznur Abadoğlu, Pamir Çerçi, Taşkın Yücel, İrfan Yorulmaz, Zahide Çiler Tezcaner, Emel Çadallı Tatar, Ahmet Emre Süslü, Serdar Özer, Engin Dursun, Arzu Yorgancıoğlu, Gülfem Elif Çelik","doi":"10.15586/aei.v53i1.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v53i1.1183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) approved for the treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis, is widely used, though real-world data on its application in asthma management remain limited. This registry-based study evaluated the use of montelukast in adult asthma patients, examining demographic and disease characteristics, asthma control status, asthma phenotypes, presence of atopy, and treatment regimens. Among 2053 patients analyzed, 61.76% (n = 1268; mean age: 46.2 ± 14.3 years), predominantly females (~76%), received montelukast. Montelukast users showed higher rates of allergic rhinitis (P < 0.001), hypersensitivity to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (P = 0.008), and chronic rhinosinusitis (P = 0.008). Montelukast group also had higher atopy and total IgE levels and tended to be more eosinophilic. Montelukast was commonly preferred in allergic, eosinophilic, NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease, and severe asthma phenotypes (P < 0.001). Patients receiving Steps 4 and 5 treatments are more likely to be prescribed montelukast (P < 0.001). Montelukast usage was higher among patients with uncontrolled asthma [ACT< 20 (OR:1.29, 95%CI:1.052-1.582, P = 0.014)]. In addition, logistic regression analyses identified the main factors associated with increased montelukast use as; female gender (OR:1.33, 95%CI:1.041-1.713, P = 0.02), presence of atopy (OR:1.46, 95%CI:1.157-1.864, P = 0.002), comorbid allergic rhinitis (OR:2.12, 95%CI:1.679-2.293, P < 0.001), and severe asthma (OR:2.18, 95%CI:1.712-2.784, P < 0.001). These findings reveal that montelukast use is prevalent among asthma patients, particularly in females, middle-aged adults, and those with comorbid allergic rhinitis, uncontrolled asthma, or specific asthma phenotypes, underscoring the factors that influence its prescription in asthma management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"53 1","pages":"12-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage combined with local administration of budesonide on the efficacy of <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia in children.","authors":"Fengqin Xu, Qi Zhang, Fuzhe Chen","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the effect of electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage combined with local administration of budesonide on the efficacy of treating <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia (MPP) in children. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 100 children with MPP treated at our hospital from April 2022 to April 2024. The patients were divided into an experimental group (50 cases) and a control group (50 cases) based to the treatment method. Both groups received routine treatment, however, the control group was treated with electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage alone, while the experimental group received electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage combined with local administration of budesonide. The efficacy of the two treatments was compared. The experimental group showed a significantly higher overall effective rate than the control group (<i>p</i><0.05). After treatment, the time for cough relief, lung rales resolution, fever reduction, and hospital stay were significantly shorter in the experimental group compared to the control group (<i>p</i><0.05). One week after treatment, the levels of tidal volume, vital capacity, and peak expiratory flow in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (<i>p</i><0.05). Post-treatment levels of WBC and CRP were lower in the experimental group than in the control group (<i>p</i><0.05). Additionally, the incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower than in the control group (<i>p</i><0.05). Electronic fibrobronchoscope alveolar lavage combined with local administration of budesonide improves the efficacy of treatment for children with MPP, enhances clinical indicators, reduces inflammation levels, and has high safety, making it worthy of clinical promotion.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of atopic eczema in adolescents from a very low prevalence area (Kosovo): role of wheezing, gender, exercise, and paracetamol.","authors":"Luljeta Ahmetaj, A Elena Martínez-Torres, Ylli Ahmetaj, Valbona Gashi, Xhevat Kurhasani, Violeta Lokaj-Berisha, Besa Gacaferri-Lumezi, Mirsije Shahini, Valbona Zhjeqi, Luis García-Marcos","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The epidemiology of atopic eczema in adolescents in Kosovo is virtually unknown, and the risk factors for the condition in very low-prevalence areas (as it was the case) are not well studied. The objective of the present study was to better know those factors and whether the presence of comorbid wheezing symptoms modifies the factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional survey, Global Asthma Network-validated questionnaire, which includes questions on eczema symptoms and environmental factors (such as smoking, pet ownership, paracetamol usage, truck traffic, siblings, time spent using screens or watching television, and physical exercise), was administered to adolescents in the following main cities of Kosovo: Ferizaj, Gjakova, Gjilan, Peja, Prishtina, and Prizren. Additionally, height and weight were measured at school.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of eczema symptoms ranged from 2.2% in Ferizaj to 5.5% in Gjakova. Severe symptoms were <1% in all cities. Eczema ever ranged from 3.0% in Ferizaj to 6.4% in Prizren. Factors significantly associated with the prevalence of current eczema symptoms in the meta-analysis were males (pooled adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.50, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] 0.37-0.66); physical exercise (pooled aOR 2.79, 95% CI 1.89-4.10); and paracetamol intake (pooled 1.86, 95% CI 1.32-2.64). The corresponding figures for eczema ever were as follows: pooled aOR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.44-1.06; pooled aOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.48-2.90; and pooled aOR 1.19, 95% CI 0.88-1.60. The associations tended to be higher in the subpopulation with eczema and wheezing comorbidity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of atopic eczema is very low in Kosovo and is associated with females, physical exercise, and paracetamol intake. These associations are higher when eczema and wheezing are comorbid conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"40-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the hidden power of noncoding RNAs in pediatric respiratory diseases.","authors":"Shishu Yu, Lili Chen, Mingyao Zhang, Yu Lu","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory diseases in children are common health problems that significantly impact their quality of life and health status, and this has its own unique challenges compared to adults. A growing body of research has focused on epigenetic mechanisms that relate with the development of various diseases, such as pediatric respiratory diseases. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially long noncoding RNAs, microRNA, and circular RNA, are reported to play a regulatory role in pediatric respiratory diseases whose mutations or aberrant expressions are strongly associated with the development of these diseases. In this review, we mainly discussed the functions of these three ncRNAs in pediatric respiratory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"128-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring food-specific IgG responses in pediatric allergic disorders: A retrospective cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ali Fahad Atwah, Emad Abdulqader Koshak","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to food as potential triggering factors in allergic disorders continues to be debatable, and is not endorsed by most allergy societies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the prevalence of specific IgG immune responses to common foods in pediatric allergic disorders and any potential relationship between them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on children and adolescents diagnosed with allergic disorders at the Ekthar Clinic in Jeddah City. Food-specific IgG (FS-IgG) antibody test results were collected from their medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-five children with a mean age of 8.5 years (SD = 5.3) were included. The overall allergic diagnosis determined atopic dermatitis as the most common (57.3%, 43 participants), followed by food allergy and allergic rhinitis (each 40%, 30 participants), and bronchial asthma (29.3%, 22 participants). Food-specific IgG levels were elevated in all participants. The foods with the highest levels of FS-IgG were dairy products (88%: cow's milk [86.6%], sour milk [81.3%], sheep's milk [74.7%], cheese [72%], and goat's milk [70.7%]), followed by gluten-containing products (81.3%: wheat [70.7%], gluten [69.3%], and spelt [66.6%]), and eggs (66.6%). Significant correlations (P < 0.05) were found between atopic dermatitis and several foods; chronic urticaria and chicken and lamb; asthma and ocean perch; allergic rhinitis and rennet cheese; and allergic conjunctivitis and potato, pollock, and lamb.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among pediatric allergic disorders, dairy, gluten, and eggs were the most detected foods in FS-IgG tests, with some notable correlations with other foods. FS-IgG testing may help identify potential triggers in refractory allergic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"85-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal allergen challenge with Blomia tropicalis in children and adolescents.","authors":"Fausto Yoshio Matsumoto, Tessa Rachel Tranquilini Gonçalves, Dirceu Solé, Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Local allergic rhinitis (LAR) is a well-defined phenotype in adults, but still there is little data available on children. This scarcity of data can be partly attributed to the lack of standardized protocols for Nasal Allergen Challenges (NAC) in this demographic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>20 controls (control group) and 24 patients (rhinitis group) with allergic rhinitis diagnosis sensitized to Blomia tropicalis (Bt) underwent the NAC with Bt. The acoustic rhinometry was performed after instillation of increasing concentrations of Bt (5,000 BU/mL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median reduction in the volume of the nasal cavity in its first five centimeters (V5) by the conclusion of the NAC in the rhinitis group was markedly higher than that observed in the control group, at -22.9% (range: -21.1% to -26.2%) compared to -7.7% (ranging: -4.8% to +12.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research demonstrates the efficacy and safety of the NAC protocol utilizing Bt in distinguishing allergic from non-allergic children.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"72-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergic contact dermatitis to chlorhexidine in children.","authors":"Luis Moral, Alicia Moral, Laura Murcia, Nuria Marco","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine is rare in children. The usefulness of different diagnostic tests for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to describe a case series of children with hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine and to compare the results of different diagnostic tests.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Nine children with hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine were included. Only six of these children and their parents consented to a comprehensive allergy assessment, which included the prick test, intradermal test, patch test, and repeated open application test (ROAT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven children (78%) presented symptoms of chlorhexidine hypersensitivity within the first 5 years of life; two of them before the age of 1 year. In four children, the dermatitis lesions were suggestive of wound superinfection. All six children who participated in the comprehensive diagnostic evaluation had negative results on the prick test. The immediate-reading intradermal test was positive in one case and uncertain in two cases. The patch test was positive in five cases, and the ROAT was positive in all six cases when using 2% chlorhexidine alcohol solution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACD to chlorhexidine in children appears to be rare and can be difficult to detect. Clinicians should consider this diagnosis when wounds worsen with chlorhexidine. Although the patch test is the most standardized method for detecting ACD, the ROAT with 2% chlorhexidine alcohol solution was the most sensitive test in our patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}