Allergologia et immunopathologia最新文献

{"title":"From bench to bedside: advances in standardized oral immunotherapy and early predictors of persistent cow's milk allergy in children.","authors":"Asena Pinar Sefer, Elif Karakoc Aydiner","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54isp1.1638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54isp1.1638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) remains the most prevalent pediatric food allergy and a major cause of early-life anaphylaxis, with a substantial proportion of children developing persistent disease despite traditional avoidance-based management. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has emerged as a proactive strategy that modulates the allergic immune response through controlled and sustained allergen exposure, shifting immunity from T-helper (Th) 2-dominant pathways toward a more regulatory and tolerogenic profile. Current evidence from randomized trials and real-world cohorts demonstrates that cow's milk oral immunotherapy (CM-OIT) achieves desensitization in most treated children, reduces accidental reaction risk, and improves quality of life, although sustained unresponsiveness remains variable and protocol-dependent. Marked heterogeneity exists across protocols regarding dosing, antigen formulation, maintenance targets, and escalation speed, reflecting differing therapeutic philosophies rather than standardized practice. Safety concerns, including dose-related reactions and rare cases of eosinophilic esophagitis, underscore the need for careful patient selection, optimization of comorbid atopic diseases, and shared decision-making. Advances in precision immunology, including component-resolved diagnostics, epitope mapping, basophil activation testing, and emerging transcriptomic and microbiome signatures, now enable the earlier identification of children at high risk of persistent CMA who may benefit most from OIT, while low-risk phenotypes can be safely observed. Adjunctive biologic therapy, particularly anti-IgE agents, has improved tolerability and expanded eligibility in high-risk patients. This review synthesizes current evidence on efficacy, safety, biomarkers, protocols, and adjunctive strategies, emphasizing a personalized, risk-adapted approach to CM-OIT and outlining future directions toward standardized formulations, biomarker-guided stratification, and integrated biologic-assisted immunomodulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 S Pt 1","pages":"18-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Deciphering the mechanism of cimifugin in mitigating LPS-induced neuroinflammation in BV-2 cells.","authors":"Zhang Bu, Shan Xu, Feng Xu","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This corrects the article DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i4.1107.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"186-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147571842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Lysine hydroxylase 1 (PLOD1) regulates glucose metabolism and promotes Th17 cell differentiation in psoriasis.","authors":"Zhen Yue, Wanlu Zhang, Gege Zhu, Huiya Sun, Congjun Jiang","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This corrects the article DOI: 10.15586/aei.v53i2.1269.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147571870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Isoorientin alleviates ovalbumin-stimulated allergic rhinitis in mice by restoring Th1/Th2 balance.","authors":"Jianyi Huang, Ran Ji, Xueshen Qian, Yuli Shen","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This corrects the article DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i5.1154.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147571809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Knockdown of ANXA3 regulates NF-κB/STAT3 pathway to alleviate inflammation and hyperproliferation in psoriasis models.","authors":"Jin Li, Fang Ren, Hongshan Yuan, Wenliang Yan","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This corrects the article DOI: 10.15586/aei.v53i2.1260.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147571859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: DUOX1 inhibits the progression of rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the NF-κB pathway in vitro.","authors":"Dan Xuan, Dandan Feng, Fuyong Qianga, Yonghui Xia","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This corrects the article DOI: 10.15586/aei.v53i2.1293.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"181-182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147571855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic characteristics of exacerbations in severe asthmatics receiving biological agent treatment.","authors":"Hatice Çelik Tuğlu, Kurtuluş Aksu, Özgür Akkale, Onur Telli, Fatma Dindar Çelik, Melis Yağdıran, Özge Göktürk, Gürgün Tuğe Vural Solak, Funda Aksu","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Identifying the eosinophilic, neutrophilic, or infectious phenotypes of exacerbations, particularly those occurring during biologic agent therapy, may provide valuable guidance for determining maintenance therapy for patients and preventing recurrent exacerbations. Our study primarily aimed to evaluate the clinical phenotypic features of exacerbations in patients with severe asthma receiving biologic agent therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The first asthma exacerbation experienced by the patients after the 16th week of biological agent treatment was evaluated in terms of inflammatory phenotype and clinical features. White blood cell counts and C-reactive protein levels, related season, antibiotic use, and hospitalization during the exacerbation were recorded from patients' medical file records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data of 75 patients with severe asthma receiving biological treatment were analyzed. Subjects were aged 48.0 (mean) ± 11.0 (standard deviation), and 52 (69.3%) of them were female. Biological agent used in treatment was omalizumab in 53 (70.7%) subjects and mepolizumab in 22 (29.3%) subjects. The majority of exacerbations in asthmatics treated with either biologic agent were eosinophilic. In patients using omalizumab, the median eosinophil count was significantly higher compared to those using mepolizumab (p=0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phenotyping of asthma exacerbations that persist in spite of biologic therapy will guide treatment adjustments and decisions to switch biologic agents to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atopic dermatitis in adolescents: assessment of quality of life, anxiety, and depression levels.","authors":"Aslı Berivan Topçak, Eren Güzeloğlu, Sefika Ilknur Kökcü Karadag, Nilay Çalışkan, Güler Yıldırım, Hamit Bologur, Hilal Güngör, Merve Karaca Şahin, Muhammed Fatih Erbay, Hasan Tunç Şarman, Hüseyin Dağ, Deniz Ozceker","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study evaluated the quality of life, anxiety, and depression in adolescents diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Adolescents diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD) (n = 25) who were not receiving regular treatment were compared with 41 healthy adolescents. Disease severity in adolescents with AD was evaluated using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index and the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI). In both groups, depression and anxiety were assessed using the Beck Depression and Anxiety Scales. Results indicated that quality of life was severely affected (Median = 16.0, AD group). The mean anxiety and depression scores were 34.0 and 16.0, respectively, in the AD group, and 35.0 and 11.0, respectively, in the control group. Pruritus severity was significantly correlated with both anxiety (r = 0.524, p = 0.01) and depression (r = 0.472, p = 0.02). Quality of life decreased in adolescents with AD, while signs and symptoms of anxiety and depression were more prevalent. The results also revealed a significant relationship between pruritus severity and psychological burden. These findings suggest that it is important to evaluate patients with AD using a holistic approach, not solely based on dermatological assessment but in concert with psychosocial needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy and lactation in patients with common variable immunodeficiency: a single center experience.","authors":"Fikriye Kalkan, Sait Yeşillik, Fevzi Demirel, Ali Selçuk, Mustafa İlker İnan, Ezgi Sönmez, Yasemin Balaban, Özgür Kartal","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary antibody deficiency characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent infections. Studies on the effects of CVID in pregnant patients are still needed. We aimed to investigate the effects of CVID on pregnancy outcomes and newborns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated 33 women with CVID and 94 pregnant women at our center. Patients were assessed based on infection rates, pregnancy complications, and use of immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) in both preterm and post-term periods. Patient data were collected from hospital databases and medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age at first pregnancy was 24.7 (17-45) years, with an average of 2.8 pregnancies per woman. CVID was detected before pregnancy in 24.2% of cases, and 24.2% of patients initiated IgRT during pregnancy. The live birth rate was 69.1%, while early fetal loss occurred in 27.7% of pregnancies, and stillbirth in 3.2%. Infection-related complications occurred in 18% of pregnancies and 14.9% of postpartum periods. The most common infections were upper respiratory and urinary tract infections. Parenteral antibiotic treatment was required for patients who did not receive IgRT during pregnancy. Neonatal infections were observed in 6.6% of cases, and the admission rate to the neonatal intensive care unit was 5.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study emphasizes that live birth and fetal loss rates in patients with CVID are comparable to those in the general population. Informing patients of the potential risks associated with consanguinity is crucial. Moreover, given the increased vulnerability of patients with CVID to infections, extra precautions are needed during pregnancy and the postpartum period.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"62-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling heterogeneity in individual thresholds: validation using urinary prostaglandin D₂ metabolite in food allergy reactions.","authors":"Hisako Ogasawara, Yusuke Inuzuka, Kotaro Umezawa, Nanae Nagata, Mami Shimada, Sayaka Hamaguchi, Tatsuki Fukuie, Tatsuo Shimosawa, Yukihiro Ohya, Takahisa Murata, Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada","doi":"10.15586/aei.v54i2.1525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v54i2.1525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of food allergies among children is on the rise, presenting with a spectrum of severity from mild cases to those resulting in anaphylaxis. Ensuring the safe progression of home-based food ingestion is essential in managing food allergy. While the oral food challenge (OFC) test ideally confirms the threshold and tolerated dose, past findings indicated that about 30% of children who passed peanut OFCs experienced peanut-related allergic reactions when introducing peanuts at home.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is presumed that the immune reactions occurring within individual patients vary in levels according to the situation. To date, no reports have objectively examined these conditions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We present the symptoms and validation of an objective biomarker in eight pediatric cases during home introduction of food allergens. The urinary Prostaglandin D metabolite (PGDM) was measured as a noninvasive biomarker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some cases exhibited mild symptoms and elevated urinary PGDM levels during home introduction despite ingesting half the dose that confirmed as safe during OFC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It underscores the importance of considering individual variability in determining food allergy thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"54 2","pages":"143-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}