Allergologia et immunopathologia最新文献

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From bioinformatics to anti-inflammation and immune regulation: ACT001 in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. 从生物信息学到抗炎和免疫调节:ACT001 在脂多糖诱导的肺损伤中的作用。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1146
Yan Fan, Yuanlin Wang, Weiwei Zhang, Keliang Xie
{"title":"From bioinformatics to anti-inflammation and immune regulation: ACT001 in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury.","authors":"Yan Fan, Yuanlin Wang, Weiwei Zhang, Keliang Xie","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>ACT001 is a potent anti-inflammatory small-molecule drug. However, the single cell and spatial molecular basis of pyroptosis and whether ACT001 exerts a therapeutic effect by preventing pyroptosis on acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The bioinformatics approach was employed to identify single cell and spatial landscape of nucleotide-binding domains and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3)-dependent pyroptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and influenza virus-induced ALI. Molecular docking was performed to elucidate the relationship between ACT001 and NLRP3. LPS-induced ALI mice model was established. Histopathological analysis and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collection were conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory and protective effects. In vitro experiments were also performed on bone marrow-derived macrophages to explore the effect of ACT001 on the balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single cell transcriptomic and spatial transcriptomic analysis predicted that NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis significantly correlated with the development of ALI both in single cell and spatial distribution. Molecular docking provided a stable and reliable docking between ACT001 and NLRP3. ACT001 improved the 7-day survival of mice by approximately 50% over the loading dose of LPS-induced ALI. ACT001 (5 uM) attenuated the disruption of mitochondrial integrity and reactive oxygen species. Further, ACT001 reduced the overexpression of the mitochondrial fission protein DRP1 without affecting fusion protein Mitofusin2 levels. Moreover, ACT001 exerted a similar protective effect of suppressing pyroptosis as the DRP1-inhibitor Mdivi-1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed that pyroptosis genes were highly expressed in single-cell and spatial mapping along the first week of ALI occurrence. ACT001 attenuates ALI by reducing the NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis and balancing mitochondrial fission and fusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"151-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knockdown of DDX3Y alleviates ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in mice by regulating NF-κB pathway. 通过调节 NF-κB 通路,敲除 DDX3Y 可减轻卵清蛋白诱发的小鼠过敏性鼻炎。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1156
Ying Xu, Xiaofeng Gu, Jian Wu, Wenmin Lu
{"title":"Knockdown of <i>DDX3Y</i> alleviates ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in mice by regulating NF-κB pathway.","authors":"Ying Xu, Xiaofeng Gu, Jian Wu, Wenmin Lu","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR), a type of chronic inflammatory disease that exists in the nasal mucosa, significantly impacts the quality of life. <i>DDX3Y</i> gene encodes an RNA helicase belonging to the DEAD-box protein family and is part of the DDX3 subfamily that affects the progression of multiple diseases. However, the specific role and mechanisms of <i>DDX3Y</i> in AR remain unclear. This study investigates the effects of <i>DDX3Y</i> knockdown on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AR in mice. We found that <i>DDX3Y</i> is highly expressed in the nasal mucosa of AR mice. Knockdown of <i>DDX3Y</i> in OVA-induced AR mice significantly alleviated nasal manifestations, reduced immunoglobulin E and histamine levels, and improved nasal mucosal histopathology. Additionally, knockdown of <i>DDX3Y</i> suppressed secretion of inflammatory factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation, thereby mitigating local inflammatory responses. These findings suggested that targeting <i>DDX3Y</i> could offer a novel therapeutic strategy for managing AR by modulating the NF-κB pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beta-elemene alleviates cigarette smoke-triggered inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cells, and refrains the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. β-榄香烯可减轻香烟烟雾引发的人类支气管上皮细胞炎症、凋亡和氧化应激,并抑制 PI3K/AKT/mTOR 信号通路。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1199
Yan Li, Li Zhang
{"title":"Beta-elemene alleviates cigarette smoke-triggered inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cells, and refrains the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.","authors":"Yan Li, Li Zhang","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a grievous disease that adversely affects human health and life. β-elemene is a type of sesquiterpenoid extracted from <i>Curcuma wenyujin</i> (Zingiberaceae) and displays effects on suppressing tumor growth. However, the regulatory impact of β-elemene in COPD development is not reported.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explored the functioning of β-elemene in the progression of COPD.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The cell survival rate was confirmed through Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The cell apoptosis was evaluated through flow cytometry. The protein expressions were examined through western blot. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined through the corresponding commercial kits. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β were inspected through Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study demonstrated that β-elemene exaggerated cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cell line stimulated by cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Oxidative stress was heightened after 5% CSE induction, but this impact was counteracted by β-elemene treatment. In addition, enhancive inflammation induced by cigarette smoke was attenuated by β-elemene treatment. Finally, our results indicated that the triggered the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B-mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway mediated by cigarette smoke was refrained by β-elemene treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was concluded that β-elemene reduced cigarette smoke-triggered inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cell line, and refrained PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. This study proposed that β-elemene could act as a hopeful drug for the treatment of COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficacy and perceived satisfaction of 3-year SLIT in children with allergic rhinitis and asthma: a pilot study. 过敏性鼻炎和哮喘患儿 3 年 SLIT 的疗效和满意度:一项试点研究。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1073
Sara Manti, Giulia Diletta Tropea, Caterina Ledda, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Maria Papale, Enrico Compalati, Franco Frati, Salvatore Leonardi
{"title":"Efficacy and perceived satisfaction of 3-year SLIT in children with allergic rhinitis and asthma: a pilot study.","authors":"Sara Manti, Giulia Diletta Tropea, Caterina Ledda, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Maria Papale, Enrico Compalati, Franco Frati, Salvatore Leonardi","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the presence of robust evidence, there is very limited data on the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) for selected patients. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and perceived satisfaction of a 3-year course of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in a paediatric population with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pilot, monocentre, retrospective cohort study was performed. One hundred fifty-three children who fulfilled the criteria for allergic rhinitis and asthma and were either mono- or poly-sensitized were enrolled. A standardized questionnaire assessing perceived efficacy, use of rescue medication, disease control, number of exacerbations, quality of life, and perceived satisfaction was administered to each patient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy patients (49 males, 21 females; mean age, 14.3±1.9 years) were included in the final analysis. All 70 patients received SLIT for up to 3 years, with 100% adherence to the treatment throughout the study. Significant improvements in symptoms and quality of life were reported (p<0.01). There was also a significant decrease in disease severity, use of rescue medication, and sleep disturbances (p<0.01). Additionally, a significant improvement in school performance was also recorded (p<0.01). Of the enrolled patients, 60 out of 70 (85.7%) reported being very satisfied, 6 out of 70 (8.57%) were much satisfied, and 4 out of 60 (5.71%) were satisfied.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We were the first to demonstrate the efficacy and perceived satisfaction of a 3-year SLIT in a paediatric population, with 100% treatment adherence throughout the study.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"96-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Yunpi Xiefei Huatan Tang decoction reduces airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthmatic mice through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. 云皮解毒化瘤汤通过 Wnt/β-catenin 信号通路减轻哮喘小鼠的气道炎症和气道重塑。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1210
Li Du, Zhu Chen, Qiong Tao, Jianhui Yang, Na Chen, Qiao Wang
{"title":"Yunpi Xiefei Huatan Tang decoction reduces airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthmatic mice through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.","authors":"Li Du, Zhu Chen, Qiong Tao, Jianhui Yang, Na Chen, Qiao Wang","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases among children, markedly impairing patient's health and imposing an increasing burden on the healthcare system. Several traditional Chinese medicines have demonstrated efficacy in alleviating asthma symptoms through studies conducted on animal models. Recent studies have shown that the Yunpi Xiefei Huatan Tang decoction (YPD) exhibits significant therapeutic outcomes in treating phlegm-obstructed pulmonary asthma. However, the precise regulatory effects of YPD on the progression of asthma require additional investigation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the functions of YPD in asthma progression.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The asthma rat model triggered by ovalbumin (OVA) was established successfully. The pathological changes of lung tissues were examined through Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. The levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β were tested through Enzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent Serologic Assay (ELISA). The number of total cells or eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was confirmed through cell counter. The collagen deposition in bronchi was assessed through Masson staining. The protein expressions were measured through western blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study demonstrated that YPD could mitigate airway inflammation in an OVA-triggered asthma rat model. Furthermore, YPD was found to decrease the production of inflammatory cytokines in the lungs and suppress the infiltration of inflammatory cells into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Additionally, the airway remodeling stimulated by OVA could be suppressed following YPD treatment. Finally, it was disclosed that YPD inhibited the wingless-related integration site-beta-catenin (Wnt/β-catenin) signaling pathway in the OVA-stimulated asthma rat model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>YPD alleviated airway inflammation and remodeling in asthmatic mice via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This research offers significant insights into the potential application of YPD in the treatment of asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alpha-gal syndrome and treatment of hypovolemic shock. α-gal综合征和低血容量休克的治疗。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1201
Öner Özdemir
{"title":"Alpha-gal syndrome and treatment of hypovolemic shock.","authors":"Öner Özdemir","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"147-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The use of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist in the treatment of asthma: A tertiary asthma center experience. 使用长效毒蕈碱拮抗剂治疗哮喘:一家三级哮喘中心的经验。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1121
Betül Özdel Öztürk, Zeynep Çelebi Sözener, Esra Ünsay Metan, Ömür Aydın, Sevim Bavbek, Dilsad Mungan
{"title":"The use of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist in the treatment of asthma: A tertiary asthma center experience.","authors":"Betül Özdel Öztürk, Zeynep Çelebi Sözener, Esra Ünsay Metan, Ömür Aydın, Sevim Bavbek, Dilsad Mungan","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to investigate the frequency and sociodemographic and clinical distinguishing features of asthmatic patients in whom long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) were added to maintenance therapy in our clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, data on sociodemographic, phenotypic, and clinical characteristics of patients with asthma using Steps 4 and 5 medications, who were followed up in our center for at least 1 year, were obtained from file records. Whether the patients received add-on LAMA for at least 6 months was also noted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 279 patients with asthma using Steps 4 and 5 medications (female/male: 215/64) with a mean age of 50.84 ± 12.42 years were included in the study. Seventy-nine (28.3%) patients (female/male: 60/19) with a mean age of 52.45 ± 11.61 years used LAMA as an add-on treatment; 28 (37.8%) at Step 4 and 51 (24.8%) at Step 5. In Steps 4 and 5, there was no difference in terms of age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, being allergic or eosinophilic, phenotype, and asthma onset between patients with and without add-on LAMA. Asthma control in the previous year was better, and minimum forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) was lower in patients with LAMA than in those without in Step 4 (P = 0.001 and P = 0.030, respectively). In Step 5, the rate of being well-controlled was higher in those without add-on LAMA (P < 0.001). The number of exacerbations in the previous year was higher, and minimum and maximum FEV1 were lower in patients with add-on LAMA (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that add-on LAMA treatment was effective in increasing asthma control in patients using Step 4 medication independent of baseline characteristics and asthma phenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A case with recurrent idiopathic anaphylaxis episodes starting soon after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. 一例在接种 COVID-19 mRNA 后不久开始反复发作的特发性过敏性休克病例。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1191
Pelin Korkmaz, Semra Demir, Deniz Eyice Karabacak, Derya Unal, Asli Gelincik
{"title":"A case with recurrent idiopathic anaphylaxis episodes starting soon after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.","authors":"Pelin Korkmaz, Semra Demir, Deniz Eyice Karabacak, Derya Unal, Asli Gelincik","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A patient was presented with a history of idiopathic recurrent anaphylaxis after administration of Pfizer BioNTech mRNA vaccine, and the attacks were controlled with omalizumab. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of recurrent idiopathic anaphylaxis (IA) after administration of Pfizer BioNTech mRNA vaccine.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 52-year-old man with recurrent episodes of IA after COVID-19 vaccination presented to our adult Allergy and Immunology Clinic. In the patient, urticaria and anaphylaxis episodes could not be controlled with high-dose antihistamine and systemic steroid treatment, and complete control was achieved with omalizumab treatment and anaphylaxis attacks completely regressed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In cases of unexplained or recurrent anaphylaxis in adult patients, COVID-19 vaccination and timing should be questioned, and its association with anaphylaxis might be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"58-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The immunopathology of coronary microembolization and the underlying inflammopathophysiological mechanisms. 冠状动脉微栓塞的免疫病理学及其潜在的炎症病理生理学机制。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1170
Li Ma, Liping Cai, Jiayue Pan, Zimin Cheng, Yuanyuan Lv, Jie Zheng, Peicheng Xu, Hong Zhang, Xinyu Chen, Yimeng Huang, Xiaolei Luo, Jinhe Zhao, Liang Xu
{"title":"The immunopathology of coronary microembolization and the underlying inflammopathophysiological mechanisms.","authors":"Li Ma, Liping Cai, Jiayue Pan, Zimin Cheng, Yuanyuan Lv, Jie Zheng, Peicheng Xu, Hong Zhang, Xinyu Chen, Yimeng Huang, Xiaolei Luo, Jinhe Zhao, Liang Xu","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In coronary microembolization, inflammatory cell infiltration, patchy necrosis, and extensive intra-myocardial hemorrhage are dominant, which induce myocardial dysfunction with clinical symptoms of chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy. Microembolization can lead to obstruction of the coronary microvessels and result in the micro-infarction of the heart. The inflammation and elevated expression of the tumor necrosis factor in cardiomyocytes and the activation of extracellular ERK are involved in initiating the inflammatory response mechanism. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is the enriched pathway, and for controlling, inhibition of PI3K/Akt is necessary. Furthermore, the release of cytokines and the activation of inflammasomes contribute to the enhancement of vascular permeability, which results in edema within the myocardium. The immune response and inflammation represent the primary triggers in this process. The ability to control immune response and inflammation reactions may lead to the development of new therapies for microembolization.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety of immunotherapy with Alternaria alternata glutaraldehyde-polymerized allergen extract in adults and children. 成人和儿童使用交替孢霉戊二醛聚合过敏原提取物进行免疫疗法的安全性。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Allergologia et immunopathologia Pub Date : 2024-11-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i6.1166
Raquel Caballero, Gracia Javaloyes, Marta Romero, Miguel Ángel Rojas, Sandra Del Pozo, Beatriz Lara, Esther Lara, Alicia Grau, Patricia Girón de Velasco, Miguel Casanovas
{"title":"Safety of immunotherapy with <i>Alternaria alternata</i> glutaraldehyde-polymerized allergen extract in adults and children.","authors":"Raquel Caballero, Gracia Javaloyes, Marta Romero, Miguel Ángel Rojas, Sandra Del Pozo, Beatriz Lara, Esther Lara, Alicia Grau, Patricia Girón de Velasco, Miguel Casanovas","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1166","DOIUrl":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allergies to fungi, such as <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, are significant contributors to respiratory conditions like asthma and rhinitis. Immunotherapy with native <i>A. alternata</i> extracts often results in high rates of adverse reactions. This study evaluates the safety of immunotherapy using glutaraldehyde-polymerized <i>A. alternata</i> extracts in both pediatric and adult populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational real-world study involved 738 patients (435 children and 303 adults) monosensitized to <i>A. alternata</i> or polysensitized together to other allergens. Patients received personalized immunotherapy containing polymerized <i>A. alternata</i> extract, either alone or in combination with other polymerized allergens. The concentration of each polymerized allergen in the therapeutic vaccine was 10,000 TU/mL. Side reactions were classified and recorded based on immediate and delayed onset, and their severity was graded according to the EAACI guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All side reactions were expected and related to the intrinsic properties of allergens. The number of injections administered was 7392, with 4137 to children and 3255 to adults. Thirteen relevant local reactions (0.24% in children, 0.09% in adults) and seven systemic reactions (0.09% overall) were observed. Systemic reactions included mild to moderate symptoms, such as mild bronchospasm and rhinitis. Severe reactions were not reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immunotherapy with glutaraldehyde-polymerized <i>A. alternata</i>, alone or in combination with other polymerized allergens, is safe and well-tolerated in both children and adults. The polymerized extracts allow for higher concentrations and faster administration schedules, providing an effective treatment option for patients with fungal allergies, including those polysensitized to multiple allergens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142611692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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