Agronomy Journal最新文献_第3页

Genotype × environment interaction and stability analysis of seed yield in sesame 芝麻基因型与环境互作及产量稳定性分析

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70488

Nasrin Zahedi Neisiani, Sara Farokhzadeh, Ghasem Mohammadi-Nejad, Ali Bouryaei

{"title":"Genotype × environment interaction and stability analysis of seed yield in sesame","authors":"Nasrin Zahedi Neisiani, Sara Farokhzadeh, Ghasem Mohammadi-Nejad, Ali Bouryaei","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70488","url":null,"abstract":"Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop in tropical and subtropical regions, highlighting the need for development of high-yielding genotypes with broad adaptability to diverse agroclimatic conditions. This study evaluated seed yield (SY) and its components in eight sesame genotypes through multi-environment trials conducted across 10 environments over three growing seasons. Genotype × environment interaction (GEI) and yield stability were analyzed using both univariate (Eberhart and Russell's regression model, Shukla's stability variance, Wricke's ecovalence, and Muir method) and multivariate (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and Tai) approaches. The Dezful genotype exhibited strong general adaptability, high stability, and superior SY, with a mean of 2.14 t ha−1. The AMMI2 model accounted for 83.77% of the GEI sum of squares, indicating Dezful's favorable performance across environments. Tai's method further revealed that Dezful's stability was closely associated with the number of capsules per plant, suggesting this trait as a reliable selection criterion. Overall, Dezful was identified as a stable, high-yielding genotype suitable for breeding programs aimed at improving sesame productivity under challenging conditions such as drought, salinity, and poor soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing soil-test-based sulfur fertilizer recommendations for soybean 制定大豆硫肥土壤试验建议

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-13 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70464

Md. Enamul Haque Moni, Md. Rasel Parvej, Abrar Bin Wahid, Md. Moklasur Rahman, Brenda Tubana, Jim Wang

{"title":"Developing soil-test-based sulfur fertilizer recommendations for soybean","authors":"Md. Enamul Haque Moni, Md. Rasel Parvej, Abrar Bin Wahid, Md. Moklasur Rahman, Brenda Tubana, Jim Wang","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70464","url":null,"abstract":"Declining sulfur (S) inputs from atmospheric deposition, combined with greater S removal by high-yielding crops, have increased concern about S deficiency in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. We evaluated soybean yield and leaflet-S concentration response to six fertilizer-S rates (0, 11, 22, 34, 45, and 67 kg S ha−1) across 50 site-years field trials (16 in 2023, 34 in 2024) in Louisiana using a randomized complete block design with four to five replications. Positive yield responses to fertilizer-S were identified at 11 site-years with 5%–18% yield increase. Control-plot Mehlich-3 soil-test S (STS) at 0- to 15-cm depth explained 53% of relative yield variability, compared to 52% at 0- to 30-cm depth. Critical STS levels were determined as 9.1–10.6 mg kg−1 at 0- to 15-cm depth and 7.5–8.8 mg kg−1 at 0- to 30-cm depth, correctly identifying S-deficient site-years with 83% and 100% accuracy, respectively. However, the accuracy of predicting S-sufficient site-years was lower at 0- to 30-cm depth, with an 11% error rate, compared to 6% at 0- to 15-cm depth. Control-plot leaflet-S concentrations measured as complementary in-season diagnostic at full-flowering, explained 39% of relative yield variation, with a critical concentration range of 2.6–3.0 g kg−1. Site-years with leaflet-S concentrations below this range also had STS concentrations below the critical threshold at 0- to 15-cm depth. A multiple regression model suggests applying 34 kg fertilizer-S ha−1 when STS < 6 mg kg−1 and 22 kg fertilizer-S ha−1 when STS ranges 6–10 mg kg−1 at 0- to 15-cm depth. These recommendations are most applicable to coarse-textured, low organic matter soils in Mid-South.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agj2.70464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photovoltaic shading as a cultivation strategy to improve summer–autumn tea quality: Microclimate regulation and biochemical responses across subtropical regions 光伏遮阳作为提高夏秋茶品质的栽培策略：亚热带地区小气候调节和生化反应

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70470

Qin Hu, Yifu Liu, Hua Fu, Jixuan Wei, Jingyu Li, Jiachun Huang, Jiazhen Wang

{"title":"Photovoltaic shading as a cultivation strategy to improve summer–autumn tea quality: Microclimate regulation and biochemical responses across subtropical regions","authors":"Qin Hu, Yifu Liu, Hua Fu, Jixuan Wei, Jingyu Li, Jiachun Huang, Jiazhen Wang","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70470","url":null,"abstract":"Agrivoltaic photovoltaic (PV) systems are increasingly used in perennial cropping systems, but their agronomic effects and regional adaptability remain insufficiently quantified. This study evaluated PV shading as a cultivation strategy for tea (Camellia sinensis) in two subtropical regions of China with contrasting solar radiation regimes. In each region, a PV-shaded treatment was compared with an adjacent open-field control during the summer–autumn season. Microclimate, photosynthetic performance, and quality-related biochemical traits were measured. Shading treatments were defined as region-specific nominal geometric shading classes, namely 60%–70% in the medium-radiation region and 80%–90% in the high-radiation region. Actual shading intensity was quantified as the reduction in canopy-level photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) relative to the control. PV shading markedly reduced canopy-level PAR and canopy heat load, resulting in lower air and leaf temperatures and higher relative humidity, particularly under the high-radiation regime. Shaded tea plants showed improved chlorophyll status and photosystem II photochemical efficiency, as indicated by higher SPAD values and effective quantum yield of photosystem II. In the high-radiation region, total free amino acids increased from 2.99 to 4.22 g 100 g−1 and theanine from 0.77 to 1.12 g 100 g−1. Fluoride accumulation decreased from 60 mg kg−1 in controls to 36–38 mg kg−1 under shading, representing a 36.7%–40.0% reduction. These results suggest that optimized PV shading can improve summer–autumn tea quality by enhancing taste-related nitrogenous compounds while reducing fluoride accumulation risk.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Durum wheat growth and soil fertility response to compost and steel slag application 硬质小麦生长和土壤肥力对堆肥和钢渣施用的响应

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70468

Farid Errouh, Abdelhamid Aouabe, Nizar El Mazouni, Abderrahim Boutasknit, Salah Er-Raki, Julio Cesar Rodrigez, Brahim Oudra, Hassan Chagiri, Hicham Khalisse, Abdelilah Meddich

{"title":"Durum wheat growth and soil fertility response to compost and steel slag application","authors":"Farid Errouh, Abdelhamid Aouabe, Nizar El Mazouni, Abderrahim Boutasknit, Salah Er-Raki, Julio Cesar Rodrigez, Brahim Oudra, Hassan Chagiri, Hicham Khalisse, Abdelilah Meddich","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70468","url":null,"abstract":"The use of mineral fertilizers is critical for growing crops; however, nutrient loss and imbalance limit the effectiveness of these inputs in semiarid environments. Sustainable complementary strategies that enhance nutrient use efficiency and soil functioning by combining organic amendments with industrial by-products, such as steel slag, remain underexplored. The current research aims to evaluate the effects of one-time application of compost-slag amendment on durum wheat growth across two consecutive seasons (S1 and S2). Treatments included control, NPK fertilizers, steel slag at two rates of 0.7 T/ha (Slag D1) and 1.4 T/ha (Slag D2), green compost (4.0 T/ha, Co), and their combinations (Slag D1_Co and Slag D2_Co), all applied as a single application without reapplication in the second season. Slag D1_Co increased seed yield by 62% and 61% in both S1 and S2, respectively, and enhanced soluble sugars by 17% and 15%, compared to the control. Furthermore, soil organic carbon and available phosphorus (AP) increased by 57% and 110%, respectively, in soils amended with Slag D1_Co versus untreated soils. Notably, this treatment sustained productivity and soil fertility across seasons, with only a 10% yield and a 9% AP decline in S2, compared to a 42.5% and 58% decline under NPK fertilization. Similarly, Slag D2_Co further enhanced 1000-seed weight and chlorophyll fluorescence by up to 86% and 13%, respectively. These results demonstrate that a single application of compost and steel slag can sustainably boost wheat yield and soil fertility, offering a promising, low-input strategy for improving crop performance in semiarid systems.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Downforce effects on seed placement at high planting speed 高速播种时下压力对播种效果的影响

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70477

Oluwaseyi E. Olomitutu, Jagman Dhillon, J. Wes Lowe, Corey J. Bryant, Erick J. Larson, Jialin Zhang, John Wallace, Jacob Meadows, Grant Shavers, Tucker Hilyer, Oluwafemi Oyedele, Michael J. Mulvaney

{"title":"Downforce effects on seed placement at high planting speed","authors":"Oluwaseyi E. Olomitutu, Jagman Dhillon, J. Wes Lowe, Corey J. Bryant, Erick J. Larson, Jialin Zhang, John Wallace, Jacob Meadows, Grant Shavers, Tucker Hilyer, Oluwafemi Oyedele, Michael J. Mulvaney","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70477","url":null,"abstract":"Corn (Zea mays L.) plant spacing and uniform growth are important, but increased planter speed and surface roughness may compromise seed placement uniformity by increasing planter component vibration. This study evaluated planting speed and downforce settings on planter component vibration, seed placement uniformity, and grain yield. Field trials were conducted over 4 site-years (2024–2025) in Mississippi using a precision planter (John Deere MaxEmerge 2 row units retrofitted with Ag Leader SureSpeed and SureForce). Two actual planting speeds (7.7 and 15.5 km h−1), two downforce modes (dynamic and static), and three downforce settings (minimum, medium, and heavy) were evaluated in a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial laid in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Measurements included row-unit vibration using three-axis accelerometers, seed depth, plant population, spacing uniformity, seed placement quality indices, and grain yield. Planting speed was noted to be the only factor affecting row-unit vibration, which increased from 12.5 to 16.0 m s−2 when speed doubled. Higher speed reduced plant population, seeding depth, multiples, and increased miss index by 54%. Heavy downforce produced optimal plant population followed by the medium and minimum settings. The influence of increased downforce settings disappears with increased planting speed. Static downforce mode improved seed depth consistency, whereas dynamic downforce offered better miss index control at higher speeds. Despite significant effects on stand establishment, grain yield was unaffected by any treatment. Therefore, results demonstrate that producers can prioritize planting speed to improve field efficiency without substantial yield penalties. However, appropriate downforce settings enhance stand establishment quality.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agj2.70477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A critical review of pre-harvest sprouting in barley 大麦收获前发芽研究综述

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70475

S. I. Hull, S. Hayward, S. Orth, P. A. Swanepoel

{"title":"A critical review of pre-harvest sprouting in barley","authors":"S. I. Hull, S. Hayward, S. Orth, P. A. Swanepoel","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70475","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) in barley (Hordeum vulgare) threatens grain quality and malting performance. This review synthesizes current knowledge on genetic, environmental, physiological, and management factors influencing PHS susceptibility. Seed dormancy, governed by loci including Qsd1 and Qsd2 (where Qsd is quantitative seed dormancy) and genes including mitogen-activated protein kinase gene, ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 3, VIVIPAROUS 1, and DELLA (named for its conserved D-E-L-L-A amino acid motif), underpins PHS resistance. Environmental triggers, particularly rainfall, temperature, and humidity, act independently and synergistically with morphological features, including spike orientation, epicuticular waxes, and glume tenacity, to influence dormancy loss and germination. Starch composition and degradation, governed by granule-bound starch synthase 1, starch-branching enzyme 2b, and isoamylase 1, further impact sprouting risk and malting quality, with early enzymatic activity undermining functional grain properties. The hormonal regulation of dormancy involves abscisic acid and gibberellic acid as central antagonists, while brassinosteroids, ethylene, auxin, cytokinin, jasmonates, salicylic acid, and strigolactones also contribute through intricate signaling networks. Limited data exist on hormonal cross-talk and seed tissue-specific responses in barley. Finally, agronomic strategies, such as cultivar selection, early harvesting, windrowing, nitrogen application, and disease management, can either mitigate or exacerbate PHS, though their effectiveness is context dependent. This review identifies critical knowledge gaps, particularly regarding barley-specific mechanisms and interactions, and emphasizes the need for integrated breeding and management approaches to enhance PHS resistance without compromising malting performance.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agj2.70475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detecting cotton Verticillium wilt within and across multiple fields with Sentinel-2 imagery and machine learning 利用Sentinel-2图像和机器学习技术检测棉花黄萎病

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70485

Abhasha Joshi, Thomas Bishop, Tim Weaver, Ratneel Deo, Patrick Filippi

{"title":"Detecting cotton Verticillium wilt within and across multiple fields with Sentinel-2 imagery and machine learning","authors":"Abhasha Joshi, Thomas Bishop, Tim Weaver, Ratneel Deo, Patrick Filippi","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70485","url":null,"abstract":"Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae, poses a major threat to cotton production worldwide. This study presents a framework for predicting Verticillium wilt incidence across multiple cotton fields by combining Sentinel-2 imagery, preseason inoculum, and weather variables with machine learning models. Three machine-learning models: random forest, support vector machine, and extreme gradient boosting were evaluated using data from seven commercial cotton fields in northern New South Wales, Australia. Model performance was assessed under two validation schemes: fivefold cross-validation to assess within-field interpolation performance and leave-one-field-out validation to evaluate extrapolation across fields. Random forest achieved the highest accuracy (mean overall accuracy = 0.63, mean weighted F1 = 0.64 for interpolation; mean overall accuracy = 0.58, mean weighted F1 = 0.56 for extrapolation) when all data sources were combined. Model interpretability was assessed using Shapley additive explanations, which identified preseason inoculum, near-infrared and red-edge bands are the most influential predictors. Results highlight the advantage of integrating multisource data for disease prediction and the importance of rigorous validation to avoid overestimation of model performance—something that is commonly overlooked in published disease studies. The approach offers a scalable, nondestructive framework for operational monitoring of Verticillium wilt in cotton.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agj2.70485","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing maturity genes E1, E2, E3 and stem growth gene Dt1 to maximize soybean yield in eastern Japan 优化成熟基因E1、E2、E3和茎生长基因Dt1，实现日本东部大豆产量最大化

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70471

Yohei Sasaki, Masao Higo, Katsunori Isobe

{"title":"Optimizing maturity genes E1, E2, E3 and stem growth gene Dt1 to maximize soybean yield in eastern Japan","authors":"Yohei Sasaki, Masao Higo, Katsunori Isobe","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70471","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of maturity genes (E1, E2, and E3) and the stem growth gene (Dt1) is important for obtaining a higher yield in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The optimal combination of these genes for achieving a higher yield varies based on the cultivation region. In this study, we used near-isogenic lines of the soybean cultivar Clark (Clark-NILs) to identify the optimal combination of these genes for high yield in eastern Japan, where information on optimal gene combinations remains limited. In Experiment 1, the highest yielding Clark-NIL line was identified, and in Experiment 2, its yield was compared with that of Japanese cultivars with known maturity and stem growth genotypes. In Experiment 1, the isoline 1A (Dt1E1E2E3) produced the highest yield among the Clark-NILs. This line is an indeterminate type and exhibited the latest maturity among the Clark-NILs. In Experiment 2, there was no significant difference in yield between 1A and Fukuyutaka (dt1E1E2E3). However, the yield of 1A was significantly higher than that of Enrei (dt1E1e2e3) and Tachinagaha (dt1E1e2e3), which are major cultivars in eastern Japan. Furthermore, the increase in yield per day (IYD)—an indicator of yield formation ability independent of growth duration—was higher in 1A and Fukuyutaka than in the other cultivars. In addition, the IYD was higher in cultivars carrying the dominant Dt1 allele. Thus, all three maturity genes (E1, E2, and E3) are associated with a higher yield in eastern Japan. Furthermore, cultivars with the dominant Dt1 allele achieved a higher yield.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Yield and nitrogen dynamics in corn after different fallow replacement strategies in a corn–soybean–winter wheat rotation in northeast Kansas 堪萨斯州东北部玉米-大豆-冬小麦轮作不同休耕替代策略后玉米产量和氮动态

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70473

Alexis L. Correira, Jessica Grünberg, Kraig L. Roozeboom, Peter J. Tomlinson, DeAnn R. Presley

{"title":"Yield and nitrogen dynamics in corn after different fallow replacement strategies in a corn–soybean–winter wheat rotation in northeast Kansas","authors":"Alexis L. Correira, Jessica Grünberg, Kraig L. Roozeboom, Peter J. Tomlinson, DeAnn R. Presley","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70473","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing fallow periods in cropping systems via additional cash or cover crops can improve overall system productivity. Cover crop use in the central Great Plains region is low due to economic concerns regarding potential yield losses due to cover crop moisture and nitrogen use. We sought to address the effects of fallow replacement strategy before corn (Zea mays L.) in drier regions on nitrogen dynamics. The study took place from 2020 to 2025 following a long-term experiment in northeast Kansas. The fallow replacement treatments included a chemical fallow (CF) check, cover crops (legume, grass, legume/grass mix, and a diverse mix), and double-crop soybeans (DSBs, [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]) planted after winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and before corn in a no-till winter wheat-corn-soybean rotation. Five nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 45, 90, 180, and 270 kg ha−1) were applied to the corn within each treatment. Corn development was monitored via scouting, normalized difference vegetation index, days to silking, soil plant analysis, and development chlorophyll meter readings. Soil nitrogen was analyzed before planting and after terminating cover crops and after corn harvest. There was a significant interaction effect (p < 0.001) of fallow replacement and nitrogen rate for most response variables. System yields were generally highest after the CF and DSB treatments, driven by corn yields. Additional nitrogen may help overcome corn yield losses following cover crops.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bootstrap multimodel aggregation for estimating optimum nitrogen rates in agricultural crops 农业作物最佳施氮量的自举多模型聚合

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Agronomy Journal Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70476

Francisco Palmero, Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Trevor J. Hefley

{"title":"Bootstrap multimodel aggregation for estimating optimum nitrogen rates in agricultural crops","authors":"Francisco Palmero, Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Trevor J. Hefley","doi":"10.1002/agj2.70476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.70476","url":null,"abstract":"For several (non-legume) crops, nitrogen (N) fertilization is key to maximize grain yield and farmers’ profit. The N rate that balances production and income is the economic optimum nitrogen rate (EONR). Estimating the EONR is a model-based process, and results vary depending on the data and selected model. Therefore, multimodel inference can improve both accuracy (bias) and precision (variance) of EONR estimation. In this study, we propose for the first time the use of bootstrap-based multimodel aggregation (BbMA), a simple machine learning algorithm, as a multimodel inference technique to estimate optimal N rates. The objectives were to: (i) evaluate the ability of BbMA to estimate the true EONR under different data generating models and experimental designs using simulated data, and (ii) apply this approach to field data. Simulation results showed that BbMA reduced both bias and variance of EONR estimates compared to individual models, even when the true model was included among candidates. These improvements were more pronounced with higher data quality (i.e., more observations and N rates). In the field data example, BbMA estimates fell within the range of individual model estimates and produced wider confidence intervals. This BbMA framework for grain yield response to N fertilization provides a simple and robust method to estimate EONR (or other derived quantities) while accounting for model uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":7522,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Journal","volume":"118 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0