Thoracic research and practice最新文献

{"title":"In Response to: Evaluation of Long-Coronavirus Disease-2019 Cases Readmitted to Intensive Care Units due to Acute Respiratory Failure: Point Prevalence Study","authors":"Eylem Tunçay","doi":"10.5152/ThoracResPract.2024.240752","DOIUrl":"10.5152/ThoracResPract.2024.240752","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Research on Healthcare Professionals' Stigma Towards Tuberculosis Patients.","authors":"Mehmet Sinan Bodur, Barış Çil","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Strong collaboration between healthcare professionals and patients is necessary for the control of tuberculosis (TB), a potentially fatal and contagious disease without treatment. Our research aims to evaluate whether healthcare professionals have stigmatizing attitudes and behaviours toward TB patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A web-based survey of 19 questions covering clinical situations was designed. A total of 528 healthcare professionals working in different healthcare institutions across the country participated in the survey. Stigma scores were recorded on a 5-point Likert response scale ranging from -2 to +2: the extreme points were 'strongly disagree' and 'strongly agree'.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest stigma scores were observed in non-physician auxiliary healthcare personnel groups such as medical secretaries, social workers, dietitians, pharmacists, midwives, nurses, and nurse assistants, while the lowest scores were detected in specialist physicians and academic physicians. In demographic analyses, it was observed that healthcare workers (HCWs) who more often encounter TB cases have higher stigma scores. In addition, when evaluated according to the type of institution they work in, it was found that stigma levels were higher in pharmacies, clinics, individual medical practices, private and independent healthcare institutions, and workplaces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study can contribute to reducing the stigma levels of HCWs towards TB patients with effective training programs and appropriate health policies, thus improving the health services provided to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiologies and Treatment Outcomes of Chronic Cough Diagnosed with a Pathophysiological Diagnostic Procedure: A Single-center Retrospective Observational Cohort Study.","authors":"Johsuke Hara, Masaki Fujimura, Masahide Yasui, Reiko Takeda, Noriyuki Ohkura, Seiji Yano","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We developed a pathophysiological diagnostic procedure to identify etiologies of chronic cough (CC) like cough variant asthma (CVA), atopic cough (AC), cough predominant asthma, sinobronchial syndrome (SBS), and mucoid impaction of small bronchi. After identifying the etiologies of CC through an understanding of its pathophysiological processes, we determined the patient's management outcomes based on the pathophysiological diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this retrospective observational cohort study, the medical records of CC patients from April 2013 to March 2018 was analyzed to assess the etiologies and treatments based on the pathophysiological diagnostic procedure. The capsaicin cough-reflex sensitivity test, methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction cough response test, bronchodilator reversibility test, bronchial responsiveness test, chest and sinus computed tomography, and sputum investigations were used for pathophysiological diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CC etiologies were diagnosed in 289 of the 298 patients who underwent the diagnostic procedures. The remaining nine patients had normal diagnostic findings. The three most common causes of CC were CVA, AC and SBS. Cough disappeared completely in 278 of the 286 patients who completed treatment. The median time to complete symptom resolution was 5.8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pathophysiological evaluation may facilitate prompt and objective diagnosis of the etiologies of CC. Our results suggest that pathophysiological diagnosis is better than the conventional diagnostic method in treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer in Adults Over 55 Years Old Based on Socio demographic Status and Geographical and Gender Differences from 2010-2021.","authors":"Afrooz Mazidimoradi, Elham Shabani, Fatemeh Rezaei, Fariba Shahraki-Sanavi, Zahra Shahabinia, Leila Allahqoli, Hamid Salehiniya","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study presented the tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (TBLC) trend in adults ≥55 based on the socio-demographic index and geographical regions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We obtained annual TBLC data from 2010 to 2021 from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study and analyzed the incidence, death rates, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates across different geographical classifications of 204 national and territorial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In adults ≥55 years, the TBLC incidence rate decreased from 2010 to 2021 by globally 20.9% and 9.6% in males, while increasing by 3.8% in females. Approximately 60% of TBLC cases occurred in Asian countries. European countries exhibit the highest incidence rate (169.16 per 100,000). Males across all continents showed a decreasing trend, only the Americas reported a decreasing trend for women, with a noted change of 17.3%. The Western Pacific Region (World Health Organization region), East Asia (GBD region), Monaco, and countries with advanced health systems reported the highest incidence, death, and DALY numbers and rates for all genders. World Bank Upper middle-income countries recorded the highest DALY numbers and rates, incidence, and death numbers, all showing a downward trend, similar to high-income countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The global burden of TBLC is predominantly in Asian countries (mainly East Asia), with a slower decrease in incidence, death, DALY, and burden rates. Therefore, reducing exposure to risk factors, expanding screening and diagnostic programs, especially for high-risk male smokers and females, and improving treatment procedures to reduce the progression of this cancer are urgent.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of PAP Device Usage and COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Patients with OSAS During COVID-19 Pandemics.","authors":"Gulin Sunter, Humay Ismayilzade, Beyza Arslan, Ezgi Vural, Baran Balcan, Kadriye Agan","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.24029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.24029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aimed to determine the positive airway pressure (PAP) device usage and pandemic-related anxiety in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Five hundred twenty-seven OSAS patients were recruited into the study. A questionnaire consisting of 7 questions was filled to find out their Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)-related anxiety levels and PAP device usage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 53.3 years (±11.9). One hundred forty-one 141 (27%) of the participants were female and 382 (73%) were male. Two hundred sixteen (41%) patients reported using the PAP device regularly [PAP (+) group); 307 (59%) patients reported not using it at all or using it irregularly (PAP (-) group]. Forty-nine (23%) PAP (+) patients and 91 (29%) PAP (-) patients had COVID-19. The use of a PAP device was not significantly associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection (<i>P</i> = 0.077). The most common symptom was myalgia without a between-group difference, (<i>P</i> = 0.967). There was no significant difference between the PAP (+) and PAP (-) groups in the hospitalization rates for COVID-19 (<i>P</i> = 0.252). The presence of apnea was not considered as a cause of a higher level of COVID-19-related anxiety in patients with the PAP (+) group compared to the PAP (-) group (<i>P</i> = 0.095).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no evidence that the use of PAP devices in OSAS patients influenced the risk of getting COVID-19 and the clinical course of the disease. PAP device usage did not affect the level of anxiety associated with the pandemic in patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scoring Pulmonary Fibrosis Following COVID-19 Pneumonia with Quantitative HRCT: Relationship with Clinical Parameters, Mean Platelet Volume and Lymphocyte/Monocyte Ratio.","authors":"Ceren Değirmenci, Göksu Şahin Kalkan, Hakan Ertürk, Pınar Ergün","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.24067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.24067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study aims to quantify post-Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia-related pulmonary fibrosis using high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scoring and assess its correlation with clinical parameters, lymphocytes, mean platelet volume (MPV), and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR). Early detection and understanding of fibrosis progression in patient subsets are essential for enhancing post-COVID-19 patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective, single-center study aims to quantify post-COVID-19 pneumonia pulmonary fibrosis using HRCT scoring and explore its associations with clinical parameters, lymphocytes, MPV, and LMR. From March 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021, HRCT reports of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 within 14 days of symptom onset were reviewed. Those with COVID-19 pneumonia were identified, and subsequent HRCTs performed 2 months or later post-infection were analyzed for fibrosis. Data on demographics, hospitalization details, and laboratory findings were collected. Fibrosis scores were determined using quantitative HRCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 133 patients (60.2% male, mean age 57.3) were included. Of these patients, 50.4% were hospitalized. Quantitative HRCT analysis indicated average fibrosis of 2.7% (range: 0.9-28.7%). Lower lymphocyte counts correlated significantly with increased fibrosis (<i>P</i> = 0.002). No significant correlations were found between fibrosis development and hospitalization duration, age, or gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the importance of monitoring lymphocyte counts in COVID-19 patients for early detection of pulmonary fibrosis. The findings suggest a need for screening and prompt diagnosis of fibrosis post-COVID-19, particularly in patients with lymphopenia. Further research using quantitative HRCT could enhance understanding and management of progressive interstitial lung diseases, especially in the context of future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Significance of MELD-XI in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for Respiratory Failure.","authors":"Fatma Arslan, Yağmur Gizem Timurhan, Deniz Doğan Mülazımoğlu, Miraç Öz, Aslıhan Gürün Kaya, Serhat Erol, Aydın Çiledağ, Akın Kaya","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Composite Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), an adapted version of the model score excluding international normalised ratio (MELD-XI), was reported to predict outcomes in patients with organ failure. Aim of study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the MELD-XI score and compare it with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation 2 (APACHE 2) scores in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory failure.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Out of 822 patients with respiratory failure between September 2020 and June 2023, a total of 727 patients with etiologies of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary thromboembolism, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, kyphoscoliosis, neuromuscular diseases, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, and diffuse parenchymal lung disease were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant correlation was found between MELD-XI, SOFA, and APACHE 2 scores. The cutoff value of the MELD-XI score was 11 on receiver operating characteristic analysis, indicating a higher risk of mortality in patients with a score of 11 or above. The APACHE 2 and SOFA scores of the MELD-XI ≥11 group were found to be higher and the Glasgow Coma Scale were lower than the MELD-XI <11 group. MELD-XI ≥11 was associated with an increased risk of mortality in overall [Hazard ratio (HR): 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2-6.4, <i>P</i> < 0.001] and subgroups with different etiologies in Cox regression analysis. In the multivariate analysis, MELD-XI was the most important independent variable indicating an increased risk of mortality, regardless of etiology (HR: 2.4, 95% CI: 2.0-2.5, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MELD-XI is an important marker of ICU mortality in patients with respiratory failure due to different etiologies and is as effective as the SOFA and APACHE 2 in predicting mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence-guided Total Opacity Scores and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults with COVID-19 Pneumonia.","authors":"Zeynep Atçeken, Yeliz Çelik, Çetin Atasoy, Yüksel Peker","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We previously demonstrated that artificial intelligence (AI)-directed chest computed tomography (CT)-based total opacity scores (TOS) are associated with high-risk obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on the Berlin Questionnaire. In the current study, we examined the association between TOS severity and OSA severity based on polysomnography (PSG) recordings among participants with a history of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This was a post-hoc analysis of 56 patients who underwent CT imaging after being diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia as well as overnight PSG for a validation study with a median of 406 days after the initial COVID-19 onset. The AI software quantified the overall opacity scores, which included consolidation and ground-glass opacity regions on CT scans. TOS was defined as the volume of high-opacity regions divided by the volume of the entire lung, and severe TOS was defined as the score ≥15. OSA was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of at least 15 events/h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 21 participants had OSA and 35 had no OSA. The median TOS was 10.5 [interquartile range (IQR) 1.6-21.2] in the OSA group and 2.8 (IQR 1.4-9.0) in the non-OSA group (P = 0.047). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, OSA, AHI, and oxygen desaturation index were associated with severe TOS (P < 0.05 for all, respectively) adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI-directed CT-based TOS severity in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was associated with OSA severity based on PSG recordings. These results support our previous findings suggesting an association between questionnaire-based high-risk OSA and worse outcomes in COVID-19 pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Normative Values and Calculation Formulas of Respiratory Muscle Strength of Adults in Turkish Society: A Population-based Study.","authors":"Mahmood Dhahir Al-Mendalawi","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Nasal and Oral Breathing on Respiratory Muscle and Brain Function: A Review.","authors":"Ömer Bayrak, Massimiliano Polastri, Esra Pehlivan","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasal breathing (NB) and oral breathing (OB) are two modes of respiration, and the extent to which they affect respiratory muscles and brain function. The primary objective of this study was to explore the impact of NB versus OB on respiratory muscle and brain function. A literature review was conducted by searching the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Scopus databases from January 2000 and May 2024. One hundred twenty-six articles were retrieved from the databases searched, and at the end of the selection process, 11 articles were included in the present review. Most studies (91%) were experimental and had adult healthy volunteers; 64% of the included studies focused on the effects of NB and OB on brain function, while the remaining 36% focused on respiratory muscles. A total of 313 participants comprised the population, most of whom were women (63%). Although most studies were conducted on adults, a percentage of participants (15%) were children. NB and OB elicit different brain areas and heterogeneously influence respiratory muscle function. Knowledge of the underlying mechanisms could be beneficial for, for example, personalizing respiratory and manual techniques when rehabilitating individuals with neurological or respiratory impairments.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}