Thoracic research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Comment on: Enhancing Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates Through Family Physicians: Addressing Challenges and Raising Awareness.","authors":"Ebru Uğraş, Erhan Şimşek","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes and Practices of Family Physicians and Nurses in Evaluating Their Patients' Smoking Status: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Ramazan Satılmış, Melda Dibek, Okay Başak","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The low quit rate of smokers without support increases the importance of very brief clinical interventions for smoking cessation. The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes and practices of family physicians and nurses in primary care in evaluating patients' smoking status.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional survey was conducted in family health centres in Aydın Efeler district between November and December 2020. A questionnaire developed on the basis of the \"modified very brief clinical intervention (3A-OR)\" model was used. Questionnaires were administered to all participants using the face-to-face method. In addition to descriptive statistical methods, univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. The statistical significance level was accepted as \"<i>P</i> < 0.05\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-nine family physicians and 64 nurses participated in the study. Of the participants, 62.6% were female and the mean age was 44.9 years. The most common practices of family physicians and nurses concerning learning their patients' smoking behaviour were to offer assistance to smokers (82.4%) and to recommend that they quit (81.3%). Family physicians and nurses mostly thought that it was their responsibility to refer their smoker patients to stop smoking counselling centres (71.6%) and to offer assistance (61.8%). Family physicians had a 3.12 times more positive attitude than nurses in evaluating the smoking status of the patients (<i>P</i> = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study results have revealed that the positive attitudes of family physicians are not fully reflected in practice and that nurses generally do not adopt responsibilities related to evaluating patients' smoking habits, despite their efforts to make better practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Inverted Images for Pulmonary Nodule Detection.","authors":"Özlem Türkoğlu, Emrah Karatay, Yağız Ceylan, Onur Vurucu, Abdülkadir Eren","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chest X-ray (CXR) is the most commonly used initial modality for most lung diseases, including pulmonary nodules. In diseases such as lung cancer, tuberculosis, and fungal infections, detecting a single nodule in the early stages will facilitate treatment. One of the most important obstacles to searching for a single pulmonary nodule on a CXR is peripheral background contrast enhancement, and density differences. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the superiority of inverted gray scale to the standard image of CXR in the detection of a single pulmonary nodule.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The design of the study included the evaluations of two radiologists unaware of each other, and past computed tomography reports. They randomly evaluated standard and inverted gray scale images of posteroanterior CXRs of both nodule-containing and non-nodule-containing patients, totaling 100 in total. Each evaluation was graded from one to three as one stood for nodule negative, two was for doubtful and three was for nodule positive ones.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of the patients who were correctly identified as having the nodule [sensitivity (inverted 68.15% - standard 57.14%)] and not having [specificity (inverted 87.56% - standard 88.71%)] showed a statistically significant difference in inverted gray scale (negative) image compared to the standard image (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inverted chest radiogram is significantly exposing the nodule presence over the white background so that should be highlighted and considered as a part of useful scanning. So that in terms of functional benefit and additionally cost effectiveness, we advice this technique in part of routine CXR evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Important Question: Can Serum Chitotriosidase Enzyme Predict the Activity and Clinical Course of Sarcoidosis Disease?","authors":"Ece Şahinoğlu, Haşim Boyacı, Hale Maral Kır, Ahmet Hamdi Ilgazlı, İlknur Başyiğit, Serap Argun Barış","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Serum chitotriosidase (CHIT) is a promising biomarker that has shown high specificity and sensitivity in patients with sarcoidosis. Our study aimed to evaluate the CHIT enzyme concerning the activity, prognosis, and treatment decision of sarcoidosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The patients with the following characteristics were included in our single-center study as long as they agreed to participate. These patients were newly or previously diagnosed with sarcoidosis according to American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society/World Association of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders and consulted the outpatient clinic of chest diseases in our university hospital between August 2020 and April 2021. The patients with sarcoidosis were categorized into 3 groups: 1) diagnosed as sarcoidosis but not having the treatment indication; 2) previouslytreated or currently receiving treatment; and 3) newly diagnosed and having a treatment indication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 126 sarcoidosis patients and 43 healthy volunteers were included. The median value of serum CHIT enzyme levels in patients with sarcoidosis was determined to be 9.8 ng/mL, while it was 5.1 ng/mL in the control group. It was determined that the serum CHIT levels were notably higher in patients with sarcoidosis (<i>P</i> = 0.000). In the serum CHIT levels of the newly-treated patient, a significant reduction was observed after the 6-month treatment (<i>P</i> = 0.008), in comparison with these levels noted at the time of diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that the serum CHIT has a high sensitivity and high specificity in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis and a reduction in the level of that enzyme occurs upon treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to: Effectiveness of a Program to Raise Awareness About Pneumococcal Vaccination Among Physicians and Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Multicenter Cohort Study.","authors":"Zühal Karakurt, Enver Yalnız, Sedat Altın, Özlem Oruç, Özgür Uslu, Nurdan Şimşek Veske, Oğuz Kılınç, Seval Kul, Abdullah Sayıner","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Trikafta (ELX/TEZ/IVA) & Symdeko (TEZ/IVA) in Treating Cystic Fibrosis with F508del Allele: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Kainat Hussain, Sonali Karhana, Aakriti Garg, Mohd Ashif Khan","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to assess and compare the efficacy of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) treatment with TEZ/IVA treatment in individuals diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) and carrying the F508del allele. An extensive search of relevant literature was conducted using online resources, namely, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The initial search identified 248 articles, and after a careful examination of the full text of 18 articles, 7 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These selected reports were then thoroughly examined to perform a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of TEZ/IVA versus ELX/TEZ/IVA in CF patients with the F508del allele. The quality of the selected reports was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized studies, known as RoB 2. ELX/TEZ/IVA has shown significant improvements in key indicators of CF treatment. It has demonstrated a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in one second levels, indicating improved respiratory capacity and airflow. Additionally, ELX/TEZ/IVA successfully reduced sweat chloride levels and positively impacted Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised Respiratory Domain scores, reflecting enhanced respiratory function and improved quality of life for patients. Overall, the study concluded that ELX/TEZ/IVA provided a clinically robust benefit compared to TEZ/IVA alone while maintaining a favourable safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Significance of MELD-XI in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for Respiratory Failure","authors":"Fatma Arslan, Yağmur Gizem Timurhan, Deniz Doğan Mülazımoğlu, Miraç Öz, Aslıhan Gürün Kaya, Serhat Erol, Aydın Çiledağ, Akın Kaya","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24047","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Composite Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), an adapted version of the model score excluding international normalised ratio (MELD-XI), was reported to predict outcomes in patients with organ failure. Aim of study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the MELD-XI score and compare it with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation 2 (APACHE 2) scores in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory failure.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Out of 822 patients with respiratory failure between September 2020 and June 2023, a total of 727 patients with etiologies of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary thromboembolism, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, kyphoscoliosis, neuromuscular diseases, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, and diffuse parenchymal lung disease were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant correlation was found between MELD-XI, SOFA, and APACHE 2 scores. The cutoff value of the MELD-XI score was 11 on receiver operating characteristic analysis, indicating a higher risk of mortality in patients with a score of 11 or above. The APACHE 2 and SOFA scores of the MELD-XI ≥11 group were found to be higher and the Glasgow Coma Scale were lower than the MELD-XI <11 group. MELD-XI ≥11 was associated with an increased risk of mortality in overall [Hazard ratio (HR): 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2-6.4, <i>P</i> < 0.001] and subgroups with different etiologies in Cox regression analysis. In the multivariate analysis, MELD-XI was the most important independent variable indicating an increased risk of mortality, regardless of etiology (HR: 2.4, 95% CI: 2.0-2.5, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MELD-XI is an important marker of ICU mortality in patients with respiratory failure due to different etiologies and is as effective as the SOFA and APACHE 2 in predicting mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Research on Healthcare Professionals’ Stigma Towards Tuberculosis Patients","authors":"Mehmet Sinan Bodur, Barış Çil","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24079","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Strong collaboration between healthcare professionals and patients is necessary for the control of tuberculosis (TB), a potentially fatal and contagious disease without treatment. Our research aims to evaluate whether healthcare professionals have stigmatizing attitudes and behaviours toward TB patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A web-based survey of 19 questions covering clinical situations was designed. A total of 528 healthcare professionals working in different healthcare institutions across the country participated in the survey. Stigma scores were recorded on a 5-point Likert response scale ranging from -2 to +2: the extreme points were ‘strongly disagree’ and ‘strongly agree’.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest stigma scores were observed in non-physician auxiliary healthcare personnel groups such as medical secretaries, social workers, dietitians, pharmacists, midwives, nurses, and nurse assistants, while the lowest scores were detected in specialist physicians and academic physicians. In demographic analyses, it was observed that healthcare workers (HCWs) who more often encounter TB cases have higher stigma scores. In addition, when evaluated according to the type of institution they work in, it was found that stigma levels were higher in pharmacies, clinics, individual medical practices, private and independent healthcare institutions, and workplaces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study can contribute to reducing the stigma levels of HCWs towards TB patients with effective training programs and appropriate health policies, thus improving the health services provided to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"88-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nationwide Assessment of Pulmonary Function Testing Practices and Safety Compliance During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Aslı Görek Dilektaşlı, Şermin Börekçi, Öznur Akkoca Yıldız, Bilun Gemicioğlu, Cüneyt Saltürk, Sevgi Behiye Saryal, Gaye Ulubay","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-12","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) presented considerable challenges to health services, particularly for a routine assessment method, the pulmonary function tests (PFTs), which can generate aerosols and require sharing common surfaces. Despite these risks, there is a need to continue testing, especially for vulnerable patient groups.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An online survey was conducted from June 1 to June 26, 2020, to assess pulmonologists’ practices regarding PFTs before and during the pandemic’s first peak in Türkiye (March 11-May 20, 2020). The survey included 30 anonymized questions and received ethical committee approval. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistical package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and forty-three respondents across 59 cities participated in the study. 93% were pulmonologists. 77.4% of PFT labs have adequate ventilation by having a window enabling room direct air exchange. 27.2% of the PFT labs continued testing during the first peak of the pandemic. 83.3% of the responding centers applied triage before testing. Ongoing tests included spirometry (100%), bronchodilator reversibility testing (62.1%), and carbon-monoxide diffusion testing (16.7%). 49% of the PFT labs conducted fewer than four tests daily, while 21.2% performed more than eight. PFT technicians used personal protective equipment, with 67.7% using eye protection and 75.3 % wearing FFP3 or FFP2 masks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survey found that pulmonologists have acted quickly and made moderate success in making preparations in PFT labs for the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, safer practice in PFT units still needs to be implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Normative Values and Calculation Formulas of Respiratory Muscle Strength of Adults in Turkish Society: A Population-based Study","authors":"Mahmood Dhahir Al-Mendalawi","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24096","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"152-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}