Thoracic research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Response to: Long-term Effects of COVID-19 on Sleep Patterns.","authors":"Salma Batool-Anwar, Olabimpe S Fashanu, Stuart F Quan","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-15","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"211-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Premature Deaths and Socio-economic Status: The Role of Fine Particulate Matter in Türkiye (2019).","authors":"Nilüfer Aykaç, Selin Çakmakcı Karakaya, Merve Erçelik Koncak, Orbay Tutku Seren, Sabri Serhan Olcay, Nil Kader Çağaç, Feride Marım, Susamber Dik, Şule Kızıltaş Bilgin, Maide Gözde İnam, İlknur Kaya, Khurshud Çağla Hüseynova, Remziye Can, Şeyma Tunç, Damla Karadeniz, Kübra Akyüz, Şaban Melih Şimşek, Neslihan Köse Kabil, Şerif Kurtuluş, Sebahat Genç, Yeşim Yasin, Ahmet Uğur Demir, Alpaslan Türkkan, Celaleddin Haluk Çalışır, Kayıhan Pala","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2024-2-4","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2024-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Air pollution, particularly particulate matter (PM), is a leading environmental risk factor contributing to global morbidity and premature mortality. The World Health Organization's (WHO) AirQ+© software is a vital tool for assessing the health impacts of air pollution. Our study used this software to estimate premature deaths attributable to long-term particulate matter (PM_2.5) exposure in Türkiye in 2019 and explored its relationship with each province's socio-economic status.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted an ecological study using annual average PM_2.5 levels from air quality stations. Due to limited PM_2.5 measurements (only 16% of stations), we derived PM_2.5 values from PM₁₀ data using WHO's conversion coefficient for Türkiye.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified the provinces with the highest PM_2.5 concentrations and associated mortality: Iğdır, Şırnak, Çorum, Düzce, and Kahramanmaraş had the highest concentrations, while Erzurum, Çorum, Iğdır, Sinop, and Kütahya had the highest mortality rates per 100,000 population. No significant correlation was found between premature deaths and the socio-economic development index of each province. Our study estimated 37,768 premature deaths attributed to long-term PM_2.5 exposure in adequately monitored provinces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In 2019, Türkiye faced persistent air pollution, with PM_2.5 levels exceeding WHO's 2021 limits across all provinces and stations. Türkiye lacks specific PM_2.5 limits legislation. Our findings provide a fresh insight into the literature, highlighting policy reform needs. However, data deficiencies hindered analysis in some provinces, affecting nearly 20% of the population aged 30 and above and 31% of the total surface area. Therefore, the actual burden of air pollution-related deaths may be higher than our estimates, underscoring the need to address these challenges urgently.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"197-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Long-term Effects of Nintedanib and Pirfenidone in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Real-life Study with Five-year Follow-up.","authors":"Ayça Yanalak, Onur Yazıcı","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-3-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients treated with nintedanib or pirfenidone, focusing on long-term efficacy, safety, and survival.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional real-life study was conducted at a tertiary healthcare center between 2016 and 2021, including 93 IPF patients treated with either nintedanib (n = 41) or pirfenidone (n = 52). Data on demographics, pulmonary function tests [forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide], radiological assessments, exacerbations, mortality, and side effects were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups were comparable in age (nintedanib: 68.6 years; pirfenidone: 71.3 years) and gender distribution. Patients on pirfenidone had a higher body mass index (27.7 vs. 26.0 kg/m², <i>P</i> = 0.049) and more radiological involvement (<i>P</i> = 0.034). Baseline: Gender, Age, Physiology scores were lower in the nintedanib group (3.39 vs. 4.21, <i>P</i> = 0.007). Lung function (FVC, FEV1) was significantly better in the nintedanib group at two years; though differences were not sustained over five years. Side effects were more frequent with nintedanib (73.2% vs. 46.2%, <i>P</i> = 0.009), particularly affecting the gastrointestinal system. At five years after follow-up, mortality was higher in the pirfenidone group (53.4% vs. 17.5%, <i>P</i> = 0.02), although time from diagnosis to death was longer (33.8 vs. 19.0 months, <i>P</i> = 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pirfenidone may prolong survival in patients with severe disease and greater radiological involvement, while nintedanib showed lower mortality in milder disease. Treatment outcomes appear influenced by baseline characteristics, highlighting the need for individualized therapeutic strategies. Comprehensive studies involving more homogeneous patient groups are needed to clarify the comparative efficacy of these treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Global Epidemic of Silicosis Due to Artificial Stone: is Türkiye Next?","authors":"Metin Akgün, Özlem Kar Kurt","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-4-2","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-4-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"215-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases Before Biological and Synthetic DMARD Treatment: Results from Three Rheumatology Centers in Different Regions of Türkiye.","authors":"Abdulvahap Kahveci, Cansu Akleylek, Sevilay Batıbay","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24098","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) and its associated factors in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) prior to the administration of biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs/tsDMARDs).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 402 patients with IRDs who were receiving bDMARDs/tsDMARDs from tertiary rheumatology centers in three different geographical regions were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and TB-related characteristics were documented. The patients were divided into two groups, namely those with LTBI and non-LTBI, and their data were subjected to comparative analysis. The impact of various factors on LTBI was evaluated by regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of LTBI was 50.7% (204/402) before bDMARD/tsDMARD therapy. The proportion of male patients [108 (52.9%) vs. 84 (42.3%); <i>P</i> = 0.03] and the prevalence of smoking [102 (50.0%) vs. 64 (32.3%); <i>P</i> = 0.001] were statistically higher in the LTBI group. The preference for adalimumab was statistically lower in patients with LTBI (30.4%, 62/204 vs. 45.9%, 91/198; <i>P</i> = 0.021). Smoking [odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46 (1.16-1.65); <i>P</i> = 0.007], and duration of bDMARD use [OR 95% CI: 1.10 (1.03-1.17); <i>P</i> = 0.013] were significantly associated with LTBI. Isoniazid was used as the prophylactic agent in 96.45% (190/204) of patients, whereas there were no cases of TB reactivation among the three cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrated that more than half of patients with IRDs undergoing advanced therapies have LTBI, with this infection being associated with male sex, smoking status, and duration of bDMARD use. Furthermore, this study indicates that appropriate screening and treatment of LTBI in patients with rheumatic diseases are associated with favorable clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"176-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Long-term Effects of COVID-19 on Sleep Patterns.","authors":"Mahmood Dhahir Al-Mendalawi","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-7","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"213-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Inverted Images for Pulmonary Nodule Detection.","authors":"Özlem Türkoğlu, Emrah Karatay, Yağız Ceylan, Onur Vurucu, Abdülkadir Eren","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chest X-ray (CXR) is the most commonly used initial modality for most lung diseases, including pulmonary nodules. In diseases such as lung cancer, tuberculosis, and fungal infections, detecting a single nodule in the early stages will facilitate treatment. One of the most important obstacles to searching for a single pulmonary nodule on a CXR is peripheral background contrast enhancement, and density differences. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the superiority of inverted gray scale to the standard image of CXR in the detection of a single pulmonary nodule.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The design of the study included the evaluations of two radiologists unaware of each other, and past computed tomography reports. They randomly evaluated standard and inverted gray scale images of posteroanterior CXRs of both nodule-containing and non-nodule-containing patients, totaling 100 in total. Each evaluation was graded from one to three as one stood for nodule negative, two was for doubtful and three was for nodule positive ones.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of the patients who were correctly identified as having the nodule [sensitivity (inverted 68.15% - standard 57.14%)] and not having [specificity (inverted 87.56% - standard 88.71%)] showed a statistically significant difference in inverted gray scale (negative) image compared to the standard image (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inverted chest radiogram is significantly exposing the nodule presence over the white background so that should be highlighted and considered as a part of useful scanning. So that in terms of functional benefit and additionally cost effectiveness, we advice this technique in part of routine CXR evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Significance of MELD-XI in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for Respiratory Failure","authors":"Fatma Arslan, Yağmur Gizem Timurhan, Deniz Doğan Mülazımoğlu, Miraç Öz, Aslıhan Gürün Kaya, Serhat Erol, Aydın Çiledağ, Akın Kaya","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24047","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Composite Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), an adapted version of the model score excluding international normalised ratio (MELD-XI), was reported to predict outcomes in patients with organ failure. Aim of study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the MELD-XI score and compare it with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation 2 (APACHE 2) scores in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory failure.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Out of 822 patients with respiratory failure between September 2020 and June 2023, a total of 727 patients with etiologies of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary thromboembolism, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, kyphoscoliosis, neuromuscular diseases, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, and diffuse parenchymal lung disease were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant correlation was found between MELD-XI, SOFA, and APACHE 2 scores. The cutoff value of the MELD-XI score was 11 on receiver operating characteristic analysis, indicating a higher risk of mortality in patients with a score of 11 or above. The APACHE 2 and SOFA scores of the MELD-XI ≥11 group were found to be higher and the Glasgow Coma Scale were lower than the MELD-XI <11 group. MELD-XI ≥11 was associated with an increased risk of mortality in overall [Hazard ratio (HR): 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2-6.4, <i>P</i> < 0.001] and subgroups with different etiologies in Cox regression analysis. In the multivariate analysis, MELD-XI was the most important independent variable indicating an increased risk of mortality, regardless of etiology (HR: 2.4, 95% CI: 2.0-2.5, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MELD-XI is an important marker of ICU mortality in patients with respiratory failure due to different etiologies and is as effective as the SOFA and APACHE 2 in predicting mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Research on Healthcare Professionals’ Stigma Towards Tuberculosis Patients","authors":"Mehmet Sinan Bodur, Barış Çil","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24079","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Strong collaboration between healthcare professionals and patients is necessary for the control of tuberculosis (TB), a potentially fatal and contagious disease without treatment. Our research aims to evaluate whether healthcare professionals have stigmatizing attitudes and behaviours toward TB patients.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A web-based survey of 19 questions covering clinical situations was designed. A total of 528 healthcare professionals working in different healthcare institutions across the country participated in the survey. Stigma scores were recorded on a 5-point Likert response scale ranging from -2 to +2: the extreme points were ‘strongly disagree’ and ‘strongly agree’.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest stigma scores were observed in non-physician auxiliary healthcare personnel groups such as medical secretaries, social workers, dietitians, pharmacists, midwives, nurses, and nurse assistants, while the lowest scores were detected in specialist physicians and academic physicians. In demographic analyses, it was observed that healthcare workers (HCWs) who more often encounter TB cases have higher stigma scores. In addition, when evaluated according to the type of institution they work in, it was found that stigma levels were higher in pharmacies, clinics, individual medical practices, private and independent healthcare institutions, and workplaces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study can contribute to reducing the stigma levels of HCWs towards TB patients with effective training programs and appropriate health policies, thus improving the health services provided to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"88-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nationwide Assessment of Pulmonary Function Testing Practices and Safety Compliance During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Aslı Görek Dilektaşlı, Şermin Börekçi, Öznur Akkoca Yıldız, Bilun Gemicioğlu, Cüneyt Saltürk, Sevgi Behiye Saryal, Gaye Ulubay","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-12","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) presented considerable challenges to health services, particularly for a routine assessment method, the pulmonary function tests (PFTs), which can generate aerosols and require sharing common surfaces. Despite these risks, there is a need to continue testing, especially for vulnerable patient groups.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An online survey was conducted from June 1 to June 26, 2020, to assess pulmonologists’ practices regarding PFTs before and during the pandemic’s first peak in Türkiye (March 11-May 20, 2020). The survey included 30 anonymized questions and received ethical committee approval. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistical package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and forty-three respondents across 59 cities participated in the study. 93% were pulmonologists. 77.4% of PFT labs have adequate ventilation by having a window enabling room direct air exchange. 27.2% of the PFT labs continued testing during the first peak of the pandemic. 83.3% of the responding centers applied triage before testing. Ongoing tests included spirometry (100%), bronchodilator reversibility testing (62.1%), and carbon-monoxide diffusion testing (16.7%). 49% of the PFT labs conducted fewer than four tests daily, while 21.2% performed more than eight. PFT technicians used personal protective equipment, with 67.7% using eye protection and 75.3 % wearing FFP3 or FFP2 masks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survey found that pulmonologists have acted quickly and made moderate success in making preparations in PFT labs for the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, safer practice in PFT units still needs to be implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}