Thoracic research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Update: The New 9^th Edition TNM Classification for Lung Cancer Is Now in Use.","authors":"Yusuf Kahya, Feride Marım, Gökçen Ömeroğlu Şimşek, Haydar Soydaner Karakuş, Sevin Başer Öncel, Müge Meltem Tor, Tuncay Göksel","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-2-6","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Among the parameters determining prognosis in lung cancer, the stage of the disease holds primary importance. Staging provides a universally accepted terminology for describing the anatomical characteristics of cancer, facilitating reliable communication in clinical research, evaluation of treatment outcomes, and prognosis. The tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system, developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the International Union for Cancer Control (UICC), serves as a simple, practical, and globally recognised staging framework. Over the past two decades, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer has been conducting a global three-phase project aimed at revising the TNM classification. The first two phases of this project were focused on revising the 7th and 8th editions of the lung cancer TNM staging under the guidance of AJCC and the UICC. The third and final phase, the 9^th staging project, will be completed and will be implemented as of January 1, 2025. This review aims to examine the 9^th version of the TNM staging system compared to previous versions, and evaluate the structural modifications, statistical foundations, and clinical implications of the new system. In the study, current data regarding the 9^th version of the TNM staging system have been analysed, the revisions made to the T, N, and M components are detailed, and the fundamental changes between the 8^th and 9^th versions are compared using tables. Furthermore, the effects of the staging system on daily clinical practice are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine.","authors":"Umur Karan, Osman Elbek","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-9","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the potential to influence and change the world through many different fields such as science, economics, technology, and art. The modern foundations of AI, with theoretical roots dating back to ancient Egyptian and Greek civilisations, were laid by Alan Turing and John McCarthy in the twentieth century. Early practices in the medical field focused on the archiving and interpretation of radiologic images and possible preliminary diagnoses. As the processing capacity of computers has advanced, so has their skill competence, and it has become possible to implement them in different specialty branches of medicine. On the other hand, ethical, and social problems, dilemmas, and conflicts have begun to arise with practices in the healthcare field. In this sense, AI should be addressed with its potential benefits and problems, knowing that it is tool, free from social prejudices, demographic changes, socio-economic inequalities, and cultural differences and without indulging in dichotomies such as technophilia and technophobia.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-cigarette Attitude and Belief Scale in Adolescents: A Validity and Reliability Study.","authors":"Sinem Can Oksay, Gül Alpar, Gülay Bilgin, Deniz Mavi Tortop, Zeynep Reyhan Onay, Eda Gürler, Elif Dağlı, Saniye Girit","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-5-5","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-5-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased significantly since its appearance on the global market in the mid-2000s. International studies have indicated that substance use among children is as prevalent as 7.8% worldwide and 15.4% among high school students in Türkiye. To prevent this public health problem, it is necessary to understand why adolescents use e-cigarettes. This study aimed to develop an attitude and belief scale about adolescent e-cigarette use.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Chronic disease-free adolescents aged 14-18 who applied to pediatric outpatient clinics were invited to the study. Three hundred forty eligible participants were recruited. The scale on e-cigarette use was developed in light of the existing literature and comprises a total of 31 questions, including 20 assessing beliefs and 11 assessing attitudes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following specialist reviews, the following exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency analysis, criterion validity analysis, discriminant validity analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, test-retest reliability analysis, and internal validity tests were conducted. The 18-item scale, which has been proven to measure attitudes and beliefs toward e-cigarettes, is sufficient, valid, and reliable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed \"E-cigarette Attitude and Belief Scale in Adolescents\" scale can be a critical tool for future studies. Gaining insight into adolescents' attitudes and beliefs toward e-cigarettes can contribute to creating targeted educational and awareness initiatives on this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to High-flow Nasal Oxygen Delivery: Physiological and Clinical Perspectives on Asymmetrical Cannulas.","authors":"Begüm Ergan, Bişar Ergün","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-3-2","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-3-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy has become an essential therapeutic modality across a broad spectrum of indications, and it is currently regarded as the optimal initial therapeutic option for patients presenting with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. A novel HFNC interface with an asymmetrical cannula has recently been introduced to optimize the physiological benefits of HFNC. It features prongs, one with a smaller diameter and another with a larger diameter, to enhance positive end-expiratory pressure and carbon dioxide washout. This is achieved by modulating the prong-to-nare area ratio to maintain a balance between airway pressure and dead space clearance. Recent studies have indicated that the use of an asymmetrical design may result in enhanced upper airway pressure and dead space washout. Asymmetrical cannulas may enhance patient comfort, reduce work of breathing, and lower minute ventilation. However, they do not significantly differ from standard cannulas in terms of gas exchange, oxygenation, diaphragm activity, lung compliance, dorsal fraction of ventilation, or lung impedance. Further research is needed to determine whether asymmetrical cannulas offer clinical advantages in specific patient populations, to identify optimal sizing parameters, and to assess their long-term safety and efficacy in diverse clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Strength and Lung Function on Functional Exercise Capacity in Post-myocardial Infarction Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Rıdvan Aktan, Özge Ocaker Aktan, Sevgi Özalevli, Hüseyin Dursun","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-7-5","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-7-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the contribution of lung function and respiratory muscle strength in predicting functional exercise capacity in post-myocardial infarction (MI) subjects.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 56 stable post-MI subjects. Lung function was assessed using a digital spirometer, and respiratory muscle strength was measured using an intraoral pressure meter. The 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) was conducted to assess functional exercise capacity. Correlations and multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate predictors of 6MWD, considering demographic factors, lung function, and respiratory muscle strength. The Bland-Altman plot was used to investigate the agreement between observed and predicted 6MWDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant positive correlations were found between 6MWD and forced vital capacity (FVC)_%predicted (r = 0.528, <i>P</i> = 0.022) and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP)_%predicted (r = 0.640, <i>P</i> = 0.022). Age (r = -0.350, <i>P</i> = 0.008) and body mass index (BMI) (r= -0.561, <i>P</i> < 0.001) were negatively correlated with 6MWD. The best regression model included MIP_%predicted (<i>β</i> = 0.332, <i>P</i> = 0.002), BMI (<i>β</i> = -0.264, <i>P</i> = 0.012), being male (<i>β</i> = 0.262, <i>P</i> = 0.003), age (<i>β</i> = -0.210, <i>P</i> = 0.020), and FVC_%predicted (<i>β</i> = 0.219, <i>P</i> = 0.026) as significant unique contributors. The final multiple linear regression model was significant [F (5, 50) = 19.08, <i>P</i> < 0.001] and explained 65.6% of the variance (R² = 0.656) in the 6MWD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lung function and respiratory muscle strength significantly contribute to functional exercise capacity in post-MI. This study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive respiratory function assessments in rehabilitation strategies to improve exercise capacity in patients with post-MI.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute and Chronic Effect of Resistance Training on Cardiac Autonomic Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Aziza Nazneen, Aqsa Mujaddadi, Saima Zaki","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-4-5","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-4-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of resistance training (RT) on cardiac autonomic function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, this review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD4202127541). A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using predefined search criteria. Studies were included if RT was the primary intervention and autonomic markers were assessed in COPD patients. Research involving other exercise types or significant comorbidities was excluded. From 5,159 records, five studies comprising 129 participants met the criteria. Interventions varied from single acute RT sessions to training programs lasting up to eight weeks. All studies measured heart rate variability (HRV), with most reporting significant improvements in time-domain measures and mixed results for frequency-domain parameters. Risk of bias was assessed with the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool, and evidence quality was appraised using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Acute RT produced immediate but short-lived changes in autonomic function, while chronic RT consistently improved HRV time-domain indices. RT appears to beneficially influence cardiac autonomic regulation in COPD patients, as reflected by enhanced HRV parameters. These results support RT's role in addressing both muscular and cardiovascular health in this population. However, the limited number of studies, methodological differences, and serious risk of bias highlight the need for larger, well-designed randomized controlled trials to strengthen the evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Inspiratory Muscle Endurance in Healthy Adults by Recording Breathing Characteristics.","authors":"Selda Oğuz-Gökçen, Özgen Aras","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Respiratory muscle function is considered as strength and endurance. Since respiratory muscles are used a submaximally in daily life, measurement of respiratory muscle endurance rather than respiratory muscle strength is a more functional assessment. Measurement of respiratory muscle endurance is recommended to be performed by controlling the respiratory frequency and recording the breathing parameters. The purpose of this study was to evaluate respiratory muscle endurance with the incremental threshold loading (ITL) test in healthy adults by recording breathing parameters.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional study included 112 healthy adult subjects aged between 18 to 35 years. The anthropometric characteristics (weight and height), pulmonary function testing including forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and physical activity level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form - IPAQ-SF) were evaluated. Inspiratory muscle endurance is assessed with ITL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The inspiratory muscle endurance (<i>P</i>Imax) was 54.08±21.62 cmH2O. Correlations between the <i>P</i>Imax showed weak positive results with height (r=0.392, <i>P</i> < 0.001), weight (r=0.382, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and FEV1 (r=0.386, <i>P</i> < 0.001), moderate positive results with FVC (r=0.446, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and MVV (%) (r=0.541, <i>P</i> < 0.001), while strong positive results with MIP (r=0.796, <i>P</i> < 0.001). According to the regression analysis results, the MIP and MVV% values explained 63% of <i>P</i>Imax.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inspiratory muscle endurance in healthy adults can be explained with MIP and MVV. The ITL testing that is performed by recording respiratory mechanics, such as the inspiratory volume, inspiratory flow and work of breathing, can guide the determination of respiratory muscle training intensity.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Trikafta (ELX/TEZ/IVA) & Symdeko (TEZ/IVA) in Treating Cystic Fibrosis with F508del Allele: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Kainat Hussain, Sonali Karhana, Aakriti Garg, Mohd Ashif Khan","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-1","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to assess and compare the efficacy of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) treatment with TEZ/IVA treatment in individuals diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) and carrying the F508del allele. An extensive search of relevant literature was conducted using online resources, namely, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The initial search identified 248 articles, and after a careful examination of the full text of 18 articles, 7 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These selected reports were then thoroughly examined to perform a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of TEZ/IVA versus ELX/TEZ/IVA in CF patients with the F508del allele. The quality of the selected reports was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized studies, known as RoB 2. ELX/TEZ/IVA has shown significant improvements in key indicators of CF treatment. It has demonstrated a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in one second levels, indicating improved respiratory capacity and airflow. Additionally, ELX/TEZ/IVA successfully reduced sweat chloride levels and positively impacted Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised Respiratory Domain scores, reflecting enhanced respiratory function and improved quality of life for patients. Overall, the study concluded that ELX/TEZ/IVA provided a clinically robust benefit compared to TEZ/IVA alone while maintaining a favourable safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"248-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Status of Cystic Fibrosis in Türkiye: Data from the National Registry.","authors":"Dilber Ademhan Tural, Tuğba Şişmanlar Eyüboğlu, Güzin Cinel, Erkan Çakır, Sevgi Pekcan, Uğur Özçelik, Nagehan Emiralioğlu Ordukaya, Ebru Yalçın, Halime Nayır Büyükşahin, Mahir Serbes, Derya Ufuk Altıntaş, Mina Hizal, Gaye İnal, Özlem Keskin, Sanem Eryılmaz Polat, Suat Savaş, Fatma Nur Ayman, Meltem Erdal, Havva İpek Demir, Hasan Yüksel, Demet Polat Uluğ, Ali Özdemir, Gökçen Dilşa Tuğcu, Ezgi Demirdöğen, Merve Korkmaz, Yakup Canıtez, Handan Kekeç, Ayşe Tana Aslan, Koray Harmancı, Velat Şen, Hadice Selimoğlu Şen, Ayşe Ayzıt Kılınç, Azer Kılıç Başkan, Berrak Öztosun, Ebru Damadoğlu, Oğuz Karcıoğlu, Gökçen Kartal Öztürk, Figen Gülen, Fazılcan Zirek, Ece Ocak, Nilay Baş İkizoğlu, Eylül Pınar Çakır, Erdem Topal, Mehmet Kılıç, Gönül Çaltepe, Pelin Asfuroğlu, Nazan Çobanoğlu, Melih Hangül, Erdi Çağrı Dağdelen, Mehmet Köse, Ali Ersoy, Ayşen Bingöl, Abdurrahman Erdem Başaran, Beste Özsezen, Tuğba Ramaslı Gürsoy, Pervin Korkmaz, Zeynep Gökçe Gayretli Aydın, Deniz Doğru","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-11","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Cystic Fibrosis Registry of Türkiye (CFRT) was established by the Turkish Pediatric Respiratory Diseases and Cystic Fibrosis Society and has provided detailed information on demographic, clinical, genetic, and treatment-related aspects of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients since 2017. We aimed to describe the current status of CF in Türkiye using CFRT's 2023 annual data.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were taken from CFRT's 2023 record.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023, 2,258 patients from 34 centers were recorded. The median age of patients was 9.1 years, and 46.9% were female, with a median age at diagnosis of 0.3 years. Only 14.9% of the patients were older than 18 years. Genetic analyses were completed in 97.3% of patients. The most common variant, F508del, had a total variant frequency of 22.1%. The median percent predicted FEV1 and FVC were 88.0 and 94.0 in those aged 6-17 years 71.0 and 84.0 in those aged ≥18 years, respectively. The median values of body mass index z-scores were -0.5, and -0.5 for patients 2-18 and older than 18 years, respectively. Chronic colonization with <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> was present in 17.2% of the patients. Most patients used inhaled recombinant human DNase (87.1%) and oral pancreatic enzyme replacement treatment (83.0%). CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators were used by 15.9% of patients. Over the year, 24 patients died, with a median age at death of 13.3 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CFRT report provides a valuable resource showing the clinical and laboratory data of patients with CF in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"238-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Enhancing Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates Through Family Physicians: Addressing Challenges and Raising Awareness","authors":"Ebru Uğraş, Erhan Şimşek","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-6","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":"260-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12365568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}