Thoracic research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Nationwide Assessment of Pulmonary Function Testing Practices and Safety Compliance During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Aslı Görek Dilektasli, Şermin Börekçi, Öznur Akkoca Yıldız, Bilun Gemicioğlu, Cüneyt Saltürk, Sevgi Behiye Saryal, Gaye Ulubay","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2025-1-12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) presented considerable challenges to health services, particularly for a routine assessment method, the pulmonary function tests (PFTs), which can generate aerosols and require sharing common surfaces. Despite these risks, there is a need to continue testing, especially for vulnerable patient groups.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An online survey was conducted from June 1 to June 26, 2020, to assess pulmonologists' practices regarding PFTs before and during the pandemic's first peak in Türkiye (March 11-May 20, 2020). The survey included 30 anonymized questions and received ethical committee approval. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistical package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and forty-three respondents across 59 cities participated in the study. 93% were pulmonologists. 77.4% of PFT labs have adequate ventilation by having a window enabling room direct air exchange. 27.2% of the PFT labs continued testing during the first peak of the pandemic. 83.3% of the responding centers applied triage before testing. Ongoing tests included spirometry (100%), bronchodilator reversibility testing (62.1%), and carbon-monoxide diffusion testing (16.7%). 49% of the PFT labs conducted fewer than four tests daily, while 21.2% performed more than eight. PFT technicians used personal protective equipment, with 67.7% using eye protection and 75.3 % wearing FFP3 or FFP2 masks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The survey found that pulmonologists have acted quickly and made moderate success in making preparations in PFT labs for the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, safer practice in PFT units still needs to be implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transbronchial Mediastinal Cryobiopsy Diagnostic Yield and Perioperative Patient Management: A Single Tertiary Center Experience.","authors":"Nadia Corcione, Alfonso Pecoraro, Andrea Fidecicchi, Severo Campione, Lina Zuccatosta, Giuseppe Failla","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2024-12-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2024-12-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is widely used to diagnose mediastinal lesions; however, small cytology samples from EBUS-TBNA may be inadequate in cases of benign lung diseases, hematologic disorders, and to assess the molecular profile of primary lung cancer (PLC). EBUS-guided transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy (TMC) obtains histological samples and potentially implies a higher diagnostic yield (DY) than EBUS-TBNA. The clinical impact of this technique and the perioperative patient management are still unclear. Our aim was to critically analyze our experience with TMC.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A single center retrospective study was conducted to evaluate TMC DY and perioperative routine over 11 months (February 2023-January 2024).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-one patients were included. The overall DY was 41.5% and 95.1% for EBUS-TBNA and TMC, respectively. TMC provided a higher DY than EBUS-TBNA in cases of hematologic disorders, benign diseases, and uncommon tumors (31% for EBUS-TBNA and 100% for TMC; 95% confidence interval (CI): 52.1-85.8, <i>P</i> < 0.001). For PLC, the DY and the assessment of immunohistochemical marker expression did not significantly differ between the two techniques (80% for EBUS-TBNA and 100% for TMC; 95% CI: -4.79-44.8, <i>P</i> = 0.13). The management of antithrombotic therapy was the same as that of EBUS-TBNA. Sedatives were administered to achieve deep sedation. After the procedure, no step-up in the level of care was observed, either in outpatients or in patients with a Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TMC had a better DY than EBUS-TBNA in hematologic disorders, benign lung disease, and uncommon tumors, with an optimal tolerability profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Pulmonary Genetic Variations in the Pathogenesis of Pediatric Postinfectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans.","authors":"Sedef Narin Tongal, Gülsüm Kayhan, Özge Yılmaz, Merve Öçalan, Hasan Yüksel","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2024-11-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/ThoracResPract.2025.2024-11-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is a chronic airway disease. The severity of the damage and the subsequent obstructive and inflammatory processes varies from one individual to another. The objective was to identify genetic variations that may be associated with pulmonary diseases in patients with PIBO.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective descriptive study was carried out to define potential genetic changes that may be associated with PIBO. Medical records were used to obtain sociodemographic characteristics. Neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet counts, immunoglobulins and C-reactive protein values, thoracic computed tomography (CT) findings and genetic analysis results for pulmonary panel using next-generation sequencing technology were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen patients were enrolled. Median age at diagnosis was 27.5 months (range: 7-195 months). Wheezing was the most common presenting symptom. The most prevalent finding on thoracic CT was a mosaic pattern. In all but one, a wide range of variations genes related to both pulmonary structure and function were identified. The genes identified included those related to primary ciliary dyskinesia (DNAH genes), surfactant metabolism disorder (ABCA3, CSF2RB), pulmonary fibrosis (MUC5B, SFTP), and bronchiectasis (SCNN1B).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Heterozygous variations associated with pulmonary diseases, including the <i>MUC5B</i> and <i>DNAH</i> genes, and CSF2RB, were identified in most patients diagnosed with PIBO, which may have clinical significance. These data are valuable in hypothesis formation that may lead to the evaluation of these three genes in the pathogenesis of PIBO in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Cases of Long-Coronavirus Disease-2019 Reported as being Readmitted to Intensive Care Units Due to Acute Respiratory Failure: Correspondence","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.5152/ThoracResPract.2024.24075","DOIUrl":"10.5152/ThoracResPract.2024.24075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"85-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Risk Factors Causing Diagnostic Delay in Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-exacerbated Respiratory Disease.","authors":"Melek Cihanbeylerden, Hazal Kayıkçı, Çise Tüccar, Ebru Damadoğlu, Gül Karakaya, Ali Fuat Kalyoncu","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24087","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) can be difficult to diagnose due to the heterogeneity of phenotypes and a lack of validated in vitro tests. This study aimed to provide a better understanding of the course of N-ERD disease, analyze whether there was a delay in clinical diagnosis, and explore the factors that might cause diagnostic delay.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional, study included patients aged over 18. The time taken by clinicians to diagnose N-ERD was recorded as the clinician diagnosis time, while the time taken by patients to complete the N-ERD triad was recorded as the actual diagnosis time. A difference of six months or longer between actual diagnosis and clinician diagnosis times was accepted as diagnostic delay. Statistical analyses were performed to ascertain the parameters that could cause this delay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included a total of 107 patients diagnosed with N-ERD. The patients had been diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, asthma, and NSAID hypersensitivity for an average duration of 14.9±9.6, 14.3±9.9, and 11.7±9.3 years, respectively. Thirty-nine (36.4%) of the patients had a delayed diagnosis. The mean delay in the diagnosis of N-ERD was 7.4±6.6 (2.0-12.0) years. Delayed diagnosis showed a correlation with thyroid dysfunction (<i>P</i> = 0.021), while it did not have a significant relationship with the remaining factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study have indicated delays in diagnosing N-ERD patients and emphasized the need for adequately recognizing the disease to initiate timely, appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"26 2","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical Students' Tobacco Consumption Status and Experiences with Smoke-free Law Violations in Enclosed Spaces in Türkiye and Northern Cyprus.","authors":"Dilek Aslan, Pınar Ay, Kervin Raymond, Özen Aşut, Gulifeiya Abuduxike, Meltem Şengelen, Duygu Çekici, Füsun Yıldız, Emine Ünal Evren, Ali Fuat Kalyoncu, Elif Dağlı","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24084","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the frequency of tobacco smoking among medical students and assess their exposure to violations of smoke-free laws in enclosed spaces 30 days before the study. It also identifies key locations where such infractions occur and explores associated factors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A descriptive study was conducted using a questionnaire-based survey among students from two public and two private medical faculties in Türkiye and Northern Cyprus in 2023. Of the invited students, 628 responded. Data were analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistics for Windows, version 23.0. Descriptive statistics included frequencies, percentages, means±standard deviations, and medians (interquartile ranges). Relationships between categorical variables were assessed using chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests, with significance set at <i>P</i> < 0.05. Binary logistic regression analysis of predictors of exposure to smoke-free violations was conducted. Ethical approval was obtained from each university.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants were female (56.4%), with a mean age of 21.5±2.37 years. Nearly one in five students was a current tobacco user (19.9%). Smokers had higher exposure to passive smoking than non-smokers (92.0% vs. 82.5%, <i>P</i> = 0.009). Encountering tobacco industry-branded vehicles was associated with higher exposure (92.3% vs. 83.7%, <i>P</i> = 0.03). Exposure to violations of the antismoking ban in enclosed spaces was significantly higher among students who smoked with higher frequency (odds ratio: 2.418, 95% confidence interval: 1.172 to 4.990, <i>P</i> = 0.017).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the need for strict tobacco control among medical students, with an emphasis on advocacy and interdisciplinary collaboration to combat the tobacco industry's influence.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"26 2","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving Toward a Smoke-free Campus: A Survey of Students' Knowledge, Behavior, and Opinions.","authors":"Ülken Tunga Babaoğlu, Hüseyin İlter","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24099","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examines the tobacco and product use status of university students, their awareness of smoke-free campuses, and the relationship between tobacco use awareness and tobacco use status.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data were collected using a questionnaire for students (n = 15.515) who continued their education at a state university. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: sociodemographic, tobacco and product use behaviors, and a Smoke-free Campus Awareness Scale (SCAS). The chi-square test was used for categorical variables, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for continuous variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>28.5% of the university students were active smokers, and 48.7% were exposed to passive smoking on campus. When the SCAS scores were compared according to the smoking status of the students, never smokers (median: 44.0, Q1=36.0-Q3=48.0), active smokers (median: 27.0, Q1=20.0-Q3=36.0), and recent quitters (median: 33.0-Q1=11.0-Q3=43.0) (<i>P</i> < 0.001). SCAS scores were compared according to gender; the median score of female students (Q1=31.0-Q3=46.0) was statistically higher than that of male students (Q1=19.0-Q3=44.0). Non-smokers were found to be statistically more uncomfortable with being exposed to secondhand smoke on campus than smokers (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most students were unaware of the smoke-free campus policy but were aware that passive smoking is an important public health problem. The fact that male students and smokers oppose implementation requires investigation of the reasons for these attitudes in future studies, and monitoring tobacco use trends after implementation is important to effectively evaluate smoke-free campus implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"26 2","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third-hand Smoking Beliefs in Patients with Cancer.","authors":"Remziye Can, Elif Saraç, Esra Yıldız, Şerif Kurtuluş","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24054","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Exposure to third-hand smoke (THS) represents an important health concern in many indoor environments. This study was conducted to test the beliefs of cancer patients about THS and to examine associations with effective factors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 119 patients who were being treated for cancer in the oncology clinic of a University Hospital. The data were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire. This study consisted of the introductory characteristic form and the \"Turkish Form of the Beliefs About Third-hand Smoke Scale\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 58.52±14.01, with 73% of the participants being female, and 58% reported not smoking. They had a moderate Third-hand Smoke Scale (3.53±0.45). The impact of THS on health was 3.92±0.48 and Persistence in the Environment was 3.21±0.57. Education, smoking, and having cancer relatives were significantly associated with the THS scale scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>None of the participants had previously heard of the concept of THS. Beliefs about the harms of THS exposure were moderate. They believed that THS has a more harmful impact on health than its persistence in the environment. Graduate degrees, smoking, and those with cancer relatives believed the harms of third-hand exposure more than the others.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"26 2","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression Paradox in Cardiovascular Outcomes of Adult Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Insights from 2 Million Nationwide Hospitalizations.","authors":"Rupak Desai, Sashwath Srikanth, Shaylika Chauhan, Zainab Gandhi, Warda Shahnawaz, Aleen Rahman, Bisharah Rizvi, Akhil Jain","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.23132","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.23132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Depression is a frequent comorbidity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. There is a scarcity of data on the impact of depression on the outcomes of OSA.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Using the National Inpatient Sample (2018), we identified hospitalizations in the US with OSA. Following propensity-score matching, the two cohorts of OSA with depression (OSA+D+) vs. without depression (OSA+D-) were compared for demographic and comorbidities profiles differences. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess the odds of events with depression versus those without.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,169.730 hospitalizations in patients with OSA, 20.1% had comorbid depression. Matched cohorts included 846,150 admissions in both groups: OSA+D+ and OSA+D-. Both cohorts predominantly comprised Caucasians, the elderly (median age, 64 vs. 65 years), and females (55.5% vs. 55.2%). OSA+D+ cohort had a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, congestive heart failure, anemia, smoking, substance abuse, prior myocardial infarction (MI), transient ischemic attack (TIA), TIA/stroke, and venous thromboembolism than the OSA+D- group (all <i>P</i> < 0.001). Paradoxically, there was decreased risk of all-cause mortality [odds ratios (OR): 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73-0.86], major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.80-0.87), acute MI (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.76-0.85), dysrhythmia/atrial fibrillation (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.79-0.83), and cardiac arrest including ventricular fibrillation (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.73-0.82) in the OSA+D+ cohort (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OSA+D+ patients had better in-hospital outcomes as compared to OSA+D- despite having a higher burden of comorbidities. Additional research is warranted to validate this paradoxical effect of depression in OSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"26 2","pages":"43-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Gender and Women's Tobacco Use: An Ecological Analysis with Country-level Data.","authors":"Hanife Ece Erik, Tülin Çoban, Lütfiye Hilal Özcebe","doi":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24072","DOIUrl":"10.4274/ThoracResPract.2024.24072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Health and well-being are profoundly influenced by gender and its dimensions. This study explores the intricate relationship between gender roles and tobacco use.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study investigates correlations between the Gender Development Index (GDI), the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI), and its sub-indicators-critical markers of gender equality-and tobacco prevalence and tobacco-related mortality. Statistical analyses, conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Science and Microsoft Excel, involve Spearman correlation analysis for continuous numerical data and the Kruskal-Wallis H test for differences between means.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As per the GDI, a decrease in gender inequality correlates with an increase in tobacco prevalence among women. The highest prevalence of tobacco use in women is found in countries within GDI group 1, with the lowest observed in group 5, characterized by pronounced gender inequality. A moderate positive correlation is identified between the prevalence of tobacco use in women and the GDI, GGGI, and the education sub-component of GGGI. Similarly, a moderate positive relationship is observed between tobacco-related mortality in women and the education subcomponent of GGGI. Education exhibits the highest correlation with both tobacco prevalence and tobacco-related mortality in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The increased prevalence of tobacco use among women in countries with high education and socioeconomic status suggests the early stages of the tobacco epidemic. Smoking cessation remains a persistent challenge, especially for women. The study emphasizes the imperative for tailored gender-specific policies, highlighting the integration of gender considerations into health promotion and public health initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":75221,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic research and practice","volume":"26 2","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}