AIDS Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Impact of differentiated service delivery models on quality of life among people living with HIV in Uganda- a quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Benson Nasasira, Grace Banturaki, Nelson Kalema, Joseph Musaazi, Aidah Nanvuma, Stephen Okoboi, Nancy Gathoni Kiarie, Joash Ntenga Moitui, Damazo Kadengye, Jonathan Izudi, Barbara Castelnuovo","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00741-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00741-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differentiated service delivery (DSD) models in resource-limited settings reduce strain on health services and improve clinical outcomes such as retention and viral suppression, but little is known about the impact of HIV DSD models on quality of life (QoL), which is essential for optimizing person-centered care. This study assessed the impact of DSD models on Quality of life, loss to follow-up (LTFU), and mortality among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) on Antiretroviral therapy (ART) over time at a large urban HIV clinic in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Records of 1,000 PLHIV enrolled in a 10-year cohort at the Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI) clinic in Kampala, Uganda were retrospectively analyzed. QoL was assessed using an adapted Medical Outcomes Study (MOS-HIV) tool. QoL scores, sustained annual viral suppression (< 200 copies/mL), all-cause mortality and LTFU (≥ 3 months of missed visits) were compared for PLHIV in three DSD models for ≥ 6 consecutive months-fast-track drug refill (FTDR), facility-based groups (FBG), and composite model combining these two-versus facility-based individual management (FBIM) or the standard of care (SOC). Inverse probability treatment weighting was applied for covariate comparability while robustness of results was checked using G-computation. Sustained viral suppression was compared using odds ratios; all-cause mortality and LTFU were compared using hazard ratios from the Cox proportional hazard regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,000 PLHIV, 980 had ≥ 1 follow-up and were included in the analysis. Median age was 45 years (IQR: 40-51), 62% were female, and 95% had a suppressed viral load at baseline. Baseline QoL was 90.1% in any DSD model vs. 89.2% in SOC. After eight years of follow-up, weighted mean QoL was higher in participants enrolled in DSD models than the SOC (90.4% vs. 89.1%; weighted mean ratio 3.66, 95% CI 2.10-6.37, p-value < 0.001); there were no statistical differences across DSD models. Participants in DSD models were more likely to have sustained viral suppression (weighted odds ratio 1.69, 95% CI 1.24-2.31), lower mortality (weighted hazard ratio 0.08, 95% CI 0.03-0.20) and lower LTFU rates (weighted hazard ratio 0.08, 95% CI 0.02-0.31).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DSD models were associated with modestly higher quality of life, better viral suppression, and lower mortality and LTFU compared to the standard of care. These findings support the broader adoption of DSD models in delivering ART across HIV programs to enhance the QoL and clinical outcomes among PLHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of monetary incentives in improving viral suppression, treatment adherence, and retention in care among the general population of people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Zhihong Zhu, Liangyou Guo, Maoxian Yang, Junya Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00748-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00748-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Achieving and maintaining viral suppression and optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy are crucial for improving health outcomes in general population of people living with HIV. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of monetary incentives on these key treatment goals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching the Cochrane Library, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from inception to March 2025. We included randomized controlled trials comparing monetary incentives with routine care in people living with HIV. The primary outcomes were viral suppression and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. This study was registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42024524374).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen randomized controlled trials were included. Compared with routine care, monetary incentives significantly improved viral suppression (OR = 1.39,95%CI: 1.11, 1.74); p = 0.004; I²=42%), adherence to antiretroviral therapy (OR = 1.62,95%CI: 1.13,2.31; p = 0.008; I²=30%) and retention in care (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.57; p = 0.03; I²=9%). The difference in CD4 + T-cell counts between groups did not reach statistical significance (SMD = -38.90, 95% CI: -77.35 to -0.45; p = 0.05), with low heterogeneity (I² = 28%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monetary incentives effectively improve viral suppression and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV. Integrating monetary incentives into HIV care models could be a promising strategy to optimize treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to assess the long-term sustainability and cost-effectiveness of such interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of HIV infection among infants born to HIV positive women receiving option B + prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in Tigray, north Ethiopia: a case control study.","authors":"Haftay Gebremedhin, Fre Gebremeskel, Gebremedhin Gebreegziabiher, Abadi Hailay Atsbaha, Gebretekle Gebremichael Hailesilase","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00755-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00755-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The option B⁺ prevention of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus is the lifelong provision of antiretroviral therapy for all human immunodeficiency virus positive pregnant and breastfeeding women regardless of immune status. In Ethiopia, the overall mother-to-child transmission rate of human immunodeficiency virus was 15.9%. This study assessed determinants of human immunodeficiency virus infection among infants born to human immunodeficiency virus positive women on option B + prevention of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in Tigray, north Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Unmatched case-control study was conducted in Tigray region from October 2023 to April 2024. A total of 43 cases and 129 controls were selected using simple random sampling technique. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify the factors associated with mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus at P < 0.05. Multicolinearity was checked among predictor variables using Variance Inflation Factor and Tolerance test. Furthermore, the goodness of fit of the logistic model was tested using Hosmer-Lemshow test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study showed that rural residence (Adjusted Odds ratio: 33.3, 95% CI: 1.02-87.05), World Health Organization disease stage III (Adjusted Odds ratio: 57.4, CI: 9.25- 297.54) and IV (Adjusted Odds ratio: 78.9, CI: 12.64-345.62) during initiation of antiretroviral therapy and a child with mouth ulcer during exclusive breastfeeding (Adjusted Odds ratio: 65, IC: 6.39-456.23) were the factors significantly associated with mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Besides, mothers' educational status (Adjusted Odds ratio: 0.2, CI: 0.04, 0.35), late time of antiretroviral therapy initiation after human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis (Adjusted Odds ratio: 0.14, CI: 0.02-0.18) and absence of human immunodeficiency virus exposed infant follow up visit (Adjusted Odds ratio: 0.04, IC: 0.005-0.09) had significant association with the mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The determinant factors significantly associated with mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus were identified. Health care providers should strengthen option B + prevention mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus services to reduce the mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3'A host genetic factors in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals in Luanda, Angola.","authors":"Cruz S Sebastião, Victor Pimentel, Domingos Jandondo, Joana M K Sebastião, Euclides Sacomboio, Marta Pingarilho, Miguel Brito, Edson Kuatelela Cassinela, Jocelyne Neto de Vasconcelos, Ana B Abecasis, Joana Morais","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00751-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00751-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a public health concern. Studies on host genetic polymorphisms that confer resistance to HIV-1 infection or delay HIV disease progression are scarce in African countries. Herein, we investigate the proportion of the mutated phenotype of the AIDS-related polymorphisms CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3'A in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals in Luanda, the capital of Angola, a sub-Saharan African country.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 284 individuals, of whom 159 were HIV-negative and 125 were HIV-positive. The CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3'A genotypes were detected by conventional PCR and visualised on 2% agarose gel. A Chi-square test determined the frequency of each genetic variant and was deemed significant when p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3 A was 0% (0/272), 60.2% (154/256), and 42.5% (114/268), respectively. CCR2-64I and SDF1-3 A polymorphisms were statistically related to HIV infection (p < 0.001). Statistically significant was observed between ABO blood groups (p = 0.006) and HIV-1 subtype (p = 0.015) with CCR2-64I. Also, the age group (p = 0.024) and RH blood group (p = 0.018) were statistically related to the distribution of SDF1-3 A polymorphism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no CCR5-Delta32 allele, while CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A were found and presented a relationship with HIV infection, age, ABO/RH blood group, and HIV-1 subtypes. The observed associations of CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A with HIV underscore the urgent need for further multidisciplinary research, with potential implications for targeted prevention and public health strategies. Therefore, studies investigating biological and non-biological factors related to susceptibility to HIV infection and AIDS progression or death should be conducted in Angola.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of hospital-acquired pneumonia associated with Chryseobacterium indologenes infection in a patient with HIV infection and review of the literature.","authors":"Vincenza Chiara Mazzola, Eleonora Bono, Luca Pipitò, Benedetta Romanin, Claudia Gioè, Antonio Anastasia, Sara Cannella, Roberta Virruso, Celestino Bonura, Antonio Cascio","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00749-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00749-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chryseobacterium indologenes is an opportunistic, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacillus increasingly recognized as a cause of hospital-acquired infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Although rare, its intrinsic resistance to beta-lactams and its ability to colonize medical devices pose significant therapeutic challenges.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe a case of C. indologenes hospital-acquired pneumonia in a 43-year-old HIV-positive patient with multiple comorbidities, including Kaposi sarcoma, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease requiring hemodialysis. The patient was initially admitted with fever and elevated inflammatory markers, and empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was initiated. Despite initial improvement, the patient developed respiratory failure, requiring oxygen therapy. A respiratory panel identified Rhinovirus, while sputum culture revealed C. indologenes, resistant to multiple antibiotics but susceptible to levofloxacin. Targeted therapy led to clinical improvement. However, the course was complicated by Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea, followed by fatal sepsis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae. Our review of the literature identified 71 reported cases, with bacteremia (51%) and pneumonia (29%) as the most common clinical presentations. Medical devices and prolonged antibiotic exposure were key risk factors. While C. indologenes is intrinsically resistant to beta-lactams and carbapenems, fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole demonstrated efficacy in most cases. Emerging therapies, such as cefiderocol, may provide additional options for multidrug-resistant strains. This case highlights the critical need for accurate microbial identification, targeted therapy, and vigilant antimicrobial stewardship to improve outcomes in vulnerable patient populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>C. indologenes infections remain rare but clinically significant in hospitalized patients with immune dysfunction. The pathogen's multidrug resistance profile complicates treatment, necessitating early identification and targeted antimicrobial therapy. Fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and cefiderocol may serve as effective treatment options, emphasizing the importance of susceptibility-guided management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the contribution of operation triple zero to HIV viral load suppression and retention among the adolescents in TASO Uganda using RE-AIM framework: a before and after implementation science study.","authors":"Bonniface Oryokot, Abraham Ignatius Oluka, David Kagimu, Yunus Miya, Saadick Mugerwa Ssentongo, Catherine Achola, Abubaker Kawuba, Twaha Mafabi, Charles Odoi, Baker Bakashaba, Kenneth Mugisha, Michael Bernard Etukoit, Eleanor Namusoke-Magongo","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00750-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00750-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) aged 10-19 years endure sub-optimal viral load suppression (VLS) and retention in care in many settings. We implemented operation triple zero (OTZ) in The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) Soroti and Mbale Centers of Excellence (COEs) to improve VLS and retention. Thus, this study evaluated the contribution of OTZ to improving both treatment outcomes among the ALHIV in the two COEs at one year.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This before and after study used Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to guide secondary data collection from the cohort of ALHIV active in care in the April-June 2022 quarter. Effectiveness was determined by computing the overall VLS rates basing on plasma RNA copies below 1000/ml while retention was based on being active in care at the end of June 2024. A self-report was used to gather fidelity data. Univariates were summarized as frequencies and proportions, Generalized Equation Estimate (GEE) to compute the effect of the model and associated factors at 95% confidence interval and P < 0.05 level of significance. Odds ratio was used to report levels of predictability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the original 533 ALHIV, 510 were considered for the post-intervention analysis, 53.1% females, mean age of 15.27 (Standard deviation = 2.15). Overall, retention at 12 months improved from 95.9 to 97.3% while VLS from 84 to 92.7% [adjusted OR 1.26 95%CI (0.61-2.61) P = 0.036]. Importantly, there was zero death in the one year of implementation. After adjusting for confounders, adolescents in the facility-based group (FBG) were more likely to be retained in care [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)7.36 95% CI (2.35-23.10) P = 0.001]. Also, multi-month dispensing [aOR 11.65 95%CI (2.93-46.34) P < 0.001] and being in FBG [aOR 9.87 95%CI (4.08-23.88) P < 0.001] and community-based models [aOR 21.96 95%CI (2.68-179.84) P = 0.004] were predictive of good VLS while poor adherence [aOR 0.02 95%CI (0.0037-0.11) P < 0.001] and being male [aOR 0.5 95%CI (0.27-0.91) p = 0.024] were predictors of poor VLS. Fidelity was good, at 80%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OTZ contributed to improved VLS in the setting possibly due to fidelity of enhanced implementation of adolescent friendly health services. We encourage OTZ adaptation in similar settings to strengthen improvements in VLS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12093733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional and national burden of HIV/AIDS among individuals aged 15-79 from 1990 to 2021.","authors":"Yuanfang Chen, An-Dong Li, Yizhou Yang, Jing Lu, Yu Xu, Xinyu Ji, Liting Wu, Lei Han, Baoli Zhu, Ming Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00745-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00745-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS persists as a global health challenge despite significant advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART). The transformation of HIV into a chronic condition, coupled with regional disparities and evolving epidemiological trends, necessitates an updated analysis of the disease burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive analysis of HIV/AIDS burden among individuals aged 15-79 years from 1990 to 2021 using the latest data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 database. Multiple statistical approaches were employed to investigate temporal trends, geographic variations, and health inequalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, global HIV/AIDS age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) decreased by 41%, while age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR), mortality rates (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life year rates increased by 222%, 57%, and 59%, respectively. Sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated the highest HIV/AIDS ASPR in 2021, with High-middle and Middle SDI regions, particularly Oceania, South Asia, and Eastern Europe, experiencing the most significant ASPR growth over three decades. Joinpoint analysis identified 1997 and 2015 as critical years for ASIR declines, and 2004 for ASMR reductions. Decomposition analysis revealed population growth as the primary driver of increasing incidence in lower SDI regions, while epidemiological changes were more influential in higher SDI areas. The age-period-cohort model showed peak HIV/AIDS incidence among individuals aged 25-34, with diminishing incidence risk across successive birth cohorts and periods. Health inequality analysis from 1990 to 2021 revealed a substantial widening of disparities across countries, with the slope index of inequality rising from 265 to 1006.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While global efforts have reduced HIV/AIDS incidence, increasing prevalence due to extended survival with antiretroviral therapy presents ongoing challenges. Regional disparities and rising incidence among specific demographics underscore the need for sustained, targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12057008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of dolutegravir-based treatment among HIV/AIDS patients in Nkembo Outpatient Treatment Center, Gabon.","authors":"Christian Mangala, Rolf Moukanda-Ifoundou, Denis Maulot-Bangola, Alain Moutsinga, Christian Mombo-Maganga, Serge Christian Okolongo-Mayani, Brice Ongali, Guy Joseph Lemamy, Rachyda Massolou-Outata","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00744-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00744-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS therapy continues to make an enormous contribution to improving the well-being of HIV/AIDS patients globally. In Gabon, dolutegravir is administered to HIV/AIDS patients from first-line treatment. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness rate of dolutegravir-based treatment among HIV/AIDS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients who started antiretroviral treatment since 48 weeks of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effectiveness rate of dolutegravir-based treatment was 85.1%. HIV/AIDS patients with a CD4 + count below 200 cel/mm³, singles, and HIV/AIDS patients whose treatment duration exceeded 12 months were at risk and likely to have an active infection (P = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dolutegravir-based treatment remains effective among HIV/AIDS patients treated at the Nkembo Outpatient Treatment Center.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of short message service reminders or peer home visits on adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral load suppression among HIV-Infected adolescents in Cameroon: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Alice Ketchaji, Joseph Fokam, Felix Assah, Francis Ateba, Martial Lantche Wandji, Joelle Nounouce Bouba Pamen, Godfroy Rostant Pokam Djoko, Cedric Dylan Nana Seugnou, Emmanuel Kah, Alain Fouda Atangana, Jerome Ateudjieu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00746-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00746-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and viral load suppression (VLS) constitute one of the key challenges to control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), especially during adolescence. This trial aimed at assessing the impact of short message services (SMS) or peer home visits (PHV) on adherence to ART and VL suppression among adolescents living with HIV (ALWHIV) in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted from July 2018 to February 2019 at the Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation in Yaounde. Eligible ALWHIV (15-19 years), with a fully disclosed HIV status, with availability of phone and guardian's consent, were randomly assigned to receive either daily SMS or bi-weekly PHV for a six-months period. The control-group received standard of care according to the national guidelines. Study investigators and participants were not blinded to the interventions group allocation, and no adverse events or side effects were observed. Adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the impact of interventions on outcomes. The study was approved by The Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry with PACTR201904582515723 at ( www.pactr.org ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to ART increased in the PHV (aRR: 4.3; 95% CI: 2.2-8.3; p < 0.001) and SMS (aRR: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.1-5.3; p < 0.001) groups compared to the control-group. Likewise, VL suppression was higher in PHV (aRR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.9-7.5 p < 0.001) and SMS (aRR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.8-5.4; p < 0.001) groups compared to the control-group. Based on CI, both interventions showed similar benefits on improving adherence and VLS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among ALHIV, SMS or PHV contribute substantially to improving adherence and VL suppression among ALWHIV. Implementing such strategies would support efforts in eliminating pediatric AIDS in low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12046915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural adaptation of clinic-based pediatric hiv status disclosure intervention with task shifting in Eastern Uganda.","authors":"Joseph Kirabira, Janet Nakigudde, Keng-Yen Huang, Scholastic Ashaba, Harriet Nambuya, Yesim Tozan, Lawrence H Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00743-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00743-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV status disclosure remains a major challenge among children living with perinatally acquired HIV with many taking treatment up to adolescence without knowing their serostatus. This non-disclosure is influenced by factors like fear of the negative consequences of disclosure. Since HIV status disclosure has been found to have good effects including improving treatment adherence and better mental health outcomes, there is a need to design interventions aimed at improving disclosure rates among children living with HIV. This study aims at adapting a clinic-based pediatric HIV status disclosure intervention and tasking shifting from healthcare workers to caregiver peer supporters in Eastern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The adaptation process involved consultations with caregivers, healthcare workers involved in the care of children living with HIV, researchers in this field, intervention developers, and other experts and stakeholders. This was done through conducting FGDs with HCWs, caregivers, and peer supporters and consultations with researchers in the field of HIV. The original intervention manual was translated to Lusoga which is the commonly spoken dialect in this region. Collected qualitative data were analyzed using an inductive approach to develop themes and subthemes. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before participation in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 participants were involved in the FGDs, while two pediatricians and two HIV researchers/specialists were consulted. Six themes were generated in relation to all suggested changes to the original manual which were related to: (1) sociocultural beliefs/norms/perceptions (5 FGDs), (2) boosting caregiver's confidence for disclosure (5FGDs), (3) disclosure mode, environment, and person (4 FGDs), (4) health facility/system related changes (3 FGDs), (5) reorganization/paraphrasing (3FGDs) and (6) age appropriateness (2FGDs).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasized that whereas some aspects of intervention can apply to various contexts, there is a need for cross-cultural adaptation of interventions before being implemented in settings where they were not developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}