AIDS Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Awareness, knowledge, and accepting attitudes toward people living with HIV in Egypt: a secondary analysis of a nationally representative sample.","authors":"Moaz Elsayed Abouelmagd, Asmaa Zakria Alnajjar, Belal Mohamed Hamed, Eman Hany Elsebaie, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00942-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-026-00942-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although human immunodeificency virus (HIV) prevalence in Egypt remains low, the number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) has increased in recent years, highlighting the need for nationally representative evidence on HIV awareness, knowledge, and accepting attitudes toward this poulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2015 Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) to assess HIV awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and their sociodemographic and media-related correlates. Data from 16,671 respondents aged 15-59 years were analyzed. Analyses were weighted for national representativeness. We first conducted descriptive analyses, followed by univariable logistic regression to estimate crude associations and multivariable logistic regression to identify independent determinants of HIV awareness, good HIV knowledge, and accepting attitudes toward PLHIV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 74.3% of respondents had heard (were aware) of HIV. Among those aware, 45.4% had good HIV knowledge, while only 14.2% expressed accepting attitudes toward PLHIV. Education, age, knowledge, attitudes, and wealth were among the strongest correlates: higher education was independently associated with greater odds of both HIV awareness and good HIV knowledge, and adolescents aged 15-19 years had lower odds of good HIV knowledge than older respondents. Good HIV knowledge was independently associated with accepting attitudes. Unexpectedly, respondents in the middle, richer, and richest wealth quintiles had lower odds of expressing accepting attitudes than those in the poorest quintile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although HIV awareness was relatively high in Egypt, substantial knowledge gaps and low levels of accepting attitudes persist. Targeted education and stigma-reduction interventions, particularly among younger populations, are needed to close these gaps and support Egypt's progress toward the United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 95-95-95 targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From inflammatory to reconstitution: a longitudinal exploratory study of cytokine dynamics in HIV/TB co-infected patients.","authors":"Zengjie Qian, Jianjian Li, Cuixian Yang, Mi Zhang, Xia Li, Junyi Zhao, Mei Yang, Hengli Liu, Youwang Lu, Hongli Fan","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00926-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-026-00926-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most common opportunistic infection among people living with HIV (PLWH). Dysregulated cytokine responses during HIV/TB co-infection may contribute to immune dysfunction and disease progression. However, the longitudinal dynamics of cytokine profiles and their associations with clinical indicators during treatment remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective exploratory longitudinal study, we enrolled 24 patients with HIV/TB co-infection, 24 patients with HIV monoinfection, and 24 healthy controls. Serum concentrations of seven cytokines, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, as well as routine clinical indicators, were measured at baseline and on days 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90, and 180 after treatment initiation. Longitudinal changes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models, and associations between cytokines and clinical indicators were assessed using exploratory Spearman's rank correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, patients with HIV/TB co-infection showed evidence of immune and inflammatory alterations, with higher NEUT, NEUT%, and AST levels and lower LYM, LYM%, and ALB levels than both comparison groups (FDR-adjusted P < 0.05). During follow-up, IL-6 and IL-2 peaked on days 7 and 60, respectively, whereas IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17 peaked on day 21 and subsequently declined. IL-4 and IL-10 peaked on days 60 and 21, respectively, and decreased to levels comparable to those in healthy controls by days 180 and 90, respectively. Exploratory correlation analyses showed time-dependent changes in the associations between cytokines and clinical indicators. The correlations of TNF-α with NEUT and IFN-γ with CD4⁺ T cells and LYM shifted from negative to positive, whereas the correlation between IL-17 and CD8⁺ T cells shifted from positive to negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with HIV/TB co-infection showed stage-specific changes in cytokine profiles and clinical indicators during combined antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis therapy. Cytokine levels and their associations with clinical indicators changed dynamically and gradually approached a relatively stable state over time. These findings suggest that immune and inflammatory status may evolve during treatment, although further studies are needed to validate these exploratory observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and determinants of hyperuricemia among adults living with HIV at Lira Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda : a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Fatima Ibrahim Nor, Mohamed Jayte, Agwu Ezera, Mohamed Elmalik Musa, Mutaz Ali, Nixson Oyanga, Abdullahi Hussein Ahmed, Abdifatah Hersi Karshe, Hassan Omar Ali, Theoneste Hakizimana, Abishir Mohamud Hirsi","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00923-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-026-00923-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperuricemia is an emerging metabolic complication among people living with HIV in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), yet evidence from sub-Saharan Africa remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at the LRRH Infectious Disease Centre between December 2024 and March 2025. A total of 385 adults living with HIV were selected using systematic sampling. Data were collected on sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral, and biochemical variables through interviews, physical examination, and laboratory testing. Serum uric acid, lipid profile, creatinine, and blood pressure were measured. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid > 7.0 mg/dL in males and > 6.0 mg/dL in females. Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 21.8%. Significant predictors included comorbidities (AOR=2.16, 95% CI 1.18-3.97), elevated total cholesterol (AOR=1.79, 95% CI 1.02-3.14), overweight/obesity (AOR=4.92, 95% CI 2.73-8.84), elevated systolic blood pressure (AOR=2.12, 95% CI 1.18-3.82), and cigarette smoking (AOR=4.89, 95% CI 2.59-9.23). Hyperuricemia was significantly associated with high cardiovascular risk according to FRS classification (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hyperuricemia is prevalent among adults living with HIV at LRRH and is strongly associated with modifiable cardiometabolic and behavioral risk factors. These findings support routine screening and integrated cardiovascular-metabolic management within HIV care services.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148468413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance and molecular subtype characteristics among newly diagnosed individuals in Guangxi, China.","authors":"Guibin Chen, Min Hu, Yanna Pan, Lihua Huang, Yanyun Dou, Wenxian Sui, Yiling Tang, Jifei Chen, Aimei Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00924-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-026-00924-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in China has increased concern regarding HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance (PDR), particularly in Guangxi due to high subtype diversity and population mobility. However, the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of PDR in the region remain insufficiently characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed PDR prevalence, subtype distribution, and transmission dynamics among ART-naïve individuals in central Guangxi. Between 2018 and 2023, 1,226 newly diagnosed individuals were screened, of whom 1,214 were included after quality control. Drug resistance mutations and subtypes were determined using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. Molecular transmission networks were constructed using the TN93 model with a genetic distance threshold of < 1.5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population was predominantly male (68.8%) and older (57.6% aged > 45 years). Overall, PDR prevalence was 6.0% (73/1,214; 95% CI 4.8-7.4%), ranging annually from 4.3 to 8.3%. CRF01_AE was the dominant subtype (74.3%), followed by CRF07_BC (11.1%) and CRF08_BC (10.3%). Higher PDR prevalence was observed in CRF08_BC (11.1%; 95% CI 6.6-17.9%) and CRF07_BC (8.8%; 95% CI 5.1-15.0%). Network analysis identified 102 transmission clusters comprising 612 sequences (50.4%), including two clusters containing ≥ 2 individuals sharing identical NNRTI resistance mutations, all linked through heterosexual transmission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In central Guangxi, HIV-1 PDR remains moderate, primarily driven by NNRTI-associated mutations, with limited evidence of clustering within transmission networks. These findings highlight the need for continued resistance surveillance and optimization of first-line ART regimens. Trial registration Not applicable. This retrospective cohort study was not registered as a clinical trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148468408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting neuropsychiatric diagnoses across the antiretroviral therapy era at an urban Ugandan HIV centre: a descriptive analysis of routinely collected electronic health records, 2017 to April 2026.","authors":"Joseph Mwaka, Conrad Sserunjogi, Jesca Nataliya, Ronald Mulebeke, Yvonne Karamagi","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00925-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-026-00925-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;As antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage has matured in sub-Saharan Africa, the clinical profile of people living with HIV has shifted from acute opportunistic disease toward chronic neuropsychiatric morbidity. Few high-volume African HIV programmes have systematically described the full neuropsychiatric diagnostic architecture captured in their routine electronic records. We characterised the neuropsychiatric diagnoses recorded at Mildmay Uganda, an urban HIV centre serving approximately 14,500 active patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a descriptive analysis of routinely collected, de-identified electronic health-record data extracted from the ClinicMaster electronic medical record on 25 April 2026. Records with at least one ICD-10-coded neuropsychiatric diagnosis between 31 October 2017 and 23 April 2026 were grouped into nine clinically defined diagnostic categories using a pre-specified code list (Supplementary Table S1). Analyses were conducted at two levels: a record level (all 1,137 records) and a patient-index level (one earliest record per patient, n = 581). The design was cross-sectional and descriptive; no longitudinal follow-up, incidence or time-to-event analyses were undertaken. Proportions are reported with 95% Wilson confidence intervals where patients were the independent unit. Missing data were quantified rather than imputed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The dataset comprised 1,137 records from 581 patients (median 1 record per patient, IQR 1 to 2, maximum 13). Patients were 60.6% female (352/581) with a median age of 44 years (IQR 35 to 52). At the record level, four groups accounted for 90.6% of records: major depressive disorder (302; 26.6%), opportunistic CNS infection (293; 25.8%), HIV-attributed and other organic CNS disorders (256; 22.5%) and bipolar spectrum disorder (179; 15.7%). At the patient-index level, opportunistic CNS infection was the most common index presentation (206; 35.5%, 95% CI 31.7 to 39.4). A clinically coherent ART-duration gradient separated opportunistic CNS infection (median 0.2 years on ART at diagnosis) from chronic neuropsychiatric diagnoses recorded after several years of treatment (Kruskal-Wallis p &lt; 0.001). Among the 406 index patients with viral-load data (69.9%), 82.5% (95% CI 78.5 to 85.9) were suppressed below 1,000 copies/mL. Record-level viral-load completeness ranged from 51.0% (2020) to 87.0% (2019) across the observation period, with an overall availability of 76.5% (870/1,137). CD4 count at ART initiation was unavailable for all records.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;These routine data document a measurable treatment-era shift from acute CNS opportunistic disease toward chronic neuropsychiatric diagnoses among people living longer on ART. The findings are descriptive and hypothesis-generating, constrained by reliance on clinician-assigned ICD-10 codes. With standardised neuropsychiatric assessment, this routine-data platfor","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148468403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B/F/TAF in people with both HIV-1 and hepatitis B: outcomes from the ALLIANCE open-label extension phase.","authors":"Anchalee Avihingsanon, Chee Loon Leong, Chien-Ching Hung, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Man-Po Lee, Michelle L D'Antoni, Sharline Madera, Hongyuan Wang, Jason T Hindman, Taisheng Li","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00891-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-026-00891-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data on bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in people with both HIV-1 and HBV are limited, particularly for treatment-experienced people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ALLIANCE was a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, phase 3 study of B/F/TAF versus dolutegravir (DTG) + emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF) in treatment-naïve adults with HIV-1 RNA ≥ 500 copies/mL and HBV DNA ≥ 2000 IU/mL. Participants received continuous B/F/TAF through 144 weeks (≥ 96 weeks of blinded treatment plus 48-week optional open-label extension [OLE]) or switched to B/F/TAF after ≥ 96 weeks of DTG + F/TDF through 48 weeks of OLE. Here we report outcomes from the OLE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>121 participants were included in the continuous B/F/TAF group; 89 in the switch group. Median B/F/TAF exposure was 186.4 and 48 weeks, respectively. HIV-1 and HBV suppression rates (missing = excluded) were maintained in both groups (B/F/TAF Week 144: 99.0% and 80.2%; switch OLE Week 48: 95.4% and 86.6%, respectively). Both groups had improved alanine aminotransferase normalization. HBV envelope antigen loss and seroconversion occurred in 44.8% and 29.3%, respectively, of participants receiving continuous B/F/TAF (Week 144) and 17.0% and 12.8% in the switch group (OLE Week 48). HBV surface antigen loss and seroconversion occurred in 22.5% and 15.5% (continuous B/F/TAF), and 4.3% and 0% (switch group) of participants, respectively. One participant (continuous B/F/TAF) discontinued due to study drug-unrelated treatment-emergent adverse event. No treatment-emergent resistance was reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>B/F/TAF was effective in HIV-1 and HBV suppression and well tolerated in treatment-naïve individuals for ≤ 3 years and ≤ 1 year after switching from a TDF-based regimen. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03547908 (first registration 2018-05-24).</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148468423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and tolerability of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) in people with HIV (PWH) in routine clinical practice in Türkiye: 12-month outcomes from the KLIMIK HIV-TR cohort.","authors":"Halis Akalın, Asuman İnan, Bülent Kaya, Deniz Gökengin, Dilara İnan, Levent Görenek, Hülya Özkan Özdemir, Adalet Altunsoy, Mehtap Aydin, Funda Şimşek, Atahan Çağatay, Selda Sayin Kutlu, Ali Asan, Sabri Atalay, Serhat Birengel, Volkan Korten","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00919-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-026-00919-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phase 3 trials have established the long-term efficacy and safety of BIC/FTC/TAF for both treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced people with HIV (PWH). Real-world evidence in patients with very high baseline viral load remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a non-interventional, observational, retrospective analysis across 33 tertiary centers participating in the KLIMIK HIV-TR cohort. Adults (≥ 18 years) who initiated single-tablet BIC/FTC/TAF on or before August 31, 2022 were included. The primary endpoint was virological suppression at week-48, defined as HIV-1 RNA < 200 copies/mL. Suppression was further stratified by baseline viral load (< 100,000; > 100,000; > 1,000,000 copies/mL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>2262 patients were analyzed (1122 treatment-naïve [49.6%], 1140 treatment-experienced [50.4%]). Among treatment-naïve patients, 88.5% had baseline HIV-1 RNA > 100,000 copies/mL and 24.2% > 1,000,000 copies/mL; 55.7% had CD4 < 350 cells/mm³. Virological suppression (HIV-1 RNA < 200 copies/mL) in treatment-naïve patients was 95.6% and 98.3% at weeks 24 and 48 respectively. When a threshold of < 50 copies/mL was applied, virological suppression rates at weeks 24 and 48 were 81.9% and 93%, respectively. At week 24, virological suppression (HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL) was lower in those with baseline HIV-1 RNA > 100,000 versus < 100,000 copies/mL (80.4% vs. 93.8%; p < 0.001), and lower in those with baseline HIV-1 RNA > 1,000,000 versus < 1,000,000 copies/mL (67.1% vs. 86.9%; p < 0.001). The median CD4/CD8 ratio in treatment-naïve patients increased from 0.44 at baseline to 1.06 at week 48 (p < 0.001). In treatment-experienced patients, week 48 virological suppression was 92.2% (HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL) and 96.5% (HIV-1 RNA < 200 copies/mL). No serious adverse events leading to discontinuation were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High virological suppression rates were observed among both treatment-naïve patients with very high baseline viral loads and treatment-experienced patients, supporting the effectiveness and safety profile of BIC/FTC/TAF in routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148454265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief communication: virological response and drug resistance patterns among men who have sex with men in Yaoundé-Cameroon.","authors":"Carine Tadenfok, Joseph Fokam, Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Antoine Silvère Olongo, Guy Fako, Grace Angong Beloumou, Alex Durand Nka, Desire Takou, Bouba Yagai, Jacques Ateba Ateba, Tanguy Kamgain, Bibiane Ndzié, Francois Badona, Biongolo Emmanuel, Elong Lobe Elise, Ariane Feukeng, David Anouar, Collins Chenwi Ambe, Rogers Ajeh Awoh, Justin Ndie, Anne-Cecile Bissek, Iliassou Njindam, Alexis Ndjolo, Nicaise Ndembi, Carlo-Federico Perno, Celine Nkenfou","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00918-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-026-00918-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Men having sex with men (MSM) in Cameroon are disproportionately affected by HIV. We evaluated virological response and HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) at a community-based organization between 2022 and 2023. Enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) sessions were conducted for all and cases with unsuppressed viral load (VL > 1000 copies/ml) underwent genotyping. From 502 treatment-experienced MSM enrolled, 95 (18.9%) had unsuppressed VL with 82 (86.3%) accepting to participate (ART-duration: 3 [2-5] years; 95.1% (78/82) under Tenofovir + Lamivudine + Dolutegravir). EAC led to 97.6% (80/82) suppression with 1/2 participant harboring HIVDR. High suppression rates and low HIVDR demonstrate the effectiveness of treatment strategies locally; supporting the possibility of global HIV elimination targets among key populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148417910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral PrEP pause and restart among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) who initiated PrEP in an HIV prevention program in Kampala, Uganda: a qualitative study.","authors":"Lazaaro Mujumbusi, Ivy Kayesu, Zam Nabalwanyi, Yunia Mayanja","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00907-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-026-00907-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is interest in PrEP uptake amongst young people at high risk of HIV. However, there is a significant decline in PrEP starting from three to six months after PrEP initiation, thus affecting PrEP persistence and continuation due to pausing and stopping of PrEP, with a few restarting it. Understanding why AGYW pause PrEP use and what motivates the few to restart is critical for enhancing PrEP adherence and continuation. We explored pausing of PrEP and restarting it amongst AGYW in an HIV prevention program, in Kampala, Uganda, to inform future HIV health education interventions aimed at strengthening PrEP continuation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between November 2023 and March 2024, a qualitative study using 17 follow up interviews was carried out in Kampala, Uganda at month six of PrEP initiation. Participants were purposively sampled from AGYW aged 14 to 24-years-old who were HIV-negative and at high risk of acquiring HIV. Data were transcribed verbatim, coded in Nvivo 14, analyzed thematically using iterative categorization, and interpreted using the Health Belief Model.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>PrEP side effects were the major reason for missing and eventually pausing. Mobility of AGYW led to pausing PrEP, as some reported forgetting to travel with their pills or travelling with inadequate pills, and lack of access to PrEP in new locations. Anxiety about using PrEP during pregnancy and having other new health conditions requiring long-term oral medication led to pausing of PrEP. However, when they pause, they mitigate the risk by using other HIV prevention methods such as condoms. The major reasons for PrEP restart were high HIV risk awareness, including having multiple sexual partners of unknown status. Inconsistent condom use, due to men refusing or removing condoms and higher pay for condomless sex during sex work, motivated restarting PrEP. Lastly, future marriage prospects and getting into long-term relationships motivated AGYW to remain HIV-negative through PrEP use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Some AGYW who pause PrEP intend to restart in the future and, during the period of pausing PrEP, they mitigate HIV risk by using other HIV prevention methods. Therefore, tailored comprehensive HIV-prevention messages should be implemented to normalize challenges in the PrEP journey, emphasizing the importance of restarting PrEP and of using other HIV prevention methods during the pause period to enhance HIV prevention persistence and continuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and enablers to implementing health education for HIV virologic suppression among adult people living with HIV-HBV coinfection in Northwest Ethiopia: a consolidated framework for implementation research guided qualitative study.","authors":"Mequanente Dagnaw, Destaw Fetene Teshome, Tilahun Bizuayehu Demass, Abebaw Gebyehu Worku","doi":"10.1186/s12981-026-00922-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-026-00922-0","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major public health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where achieving sustained HIV virologic suppression continues to be difficult despite expanded access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). This challenge is further complicated among people living with HIV-HBV coinfection due to increased disease complexity, treatment burden, and adherence-related barriers. Health education plays an important role in improving adherence and virologic outcomes; however, its implementation remains inconsistent in resource-limited settings. This study explored barriers and enablers to implementing health education for HIV virologic suppression among adults living with HIV-HBV coinfection in Northwest Ethiopia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to explore the barriers and enablers influencing the implementation of health education for HIV virological suppression among adults living with HIV-HBV co-infection in North-West Ethiopia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A facility-based interpretive qualitative study was conducted from November 13, 2025, to January 12, 2026, at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 28 purposively selected participants, including adult people living with HIV-HBV coinfection, healthcare providers, and HIV program managers, participated in in-depth interviews (IDIs), key informant interviews (KIIs), and focus group discussions (FGDs). Data were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated into English, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis with a deductive approach guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) using MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2024. Trustworthiness was ensured through triangulation, member checking, peer debriefing, and maintaining an audit trail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Ten barriers and eight enablers were identified across all CFIR domains. In addition to inaccurate information or graphics and transportation issues, the main reported hurdles included patient-level issues such as inadequate literacy, misconceptions about ART or viral load, anxiety about being seen attending sessions, and limited patient engagement in instructional design. Staff shortages, lack of commitment to counselling duties, a focus on ART refills rather than education, irregular or shortened sessions, lack of time, and the absence of a dedicated budget were all organizational and system-level barriers. Conversely, teamwork, clearly defined staff roles, the use of viral load monitoring tools, frequent review meetings, alignment with national HIV guidelines, patient motivation to achieve viral suppression, trust in provider advice, and improved adherence linked to education were all perceived enablers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Implementation of health education for HIV virological suppression amon","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148395572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}