AIDS Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Characterizing treatment interruptions in the OPERA cohort and virologic outcomes after resumption with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide.","authors":"Karam Mounzer, Michael D Osterman, Laurence Brunet, Ricky K Hsu, Gerald Pierone, Jennifer S Fusco, Neia Prata Menezes, Joshua Gruber, Travis Lim, Megan Dunbar, Gregory P Fusco","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00769-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00769-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people with HIV, barriers to adherence remain, potentially leading to long-term gaps in adherence known as treatment interruptions. These treatment interruptions are associated with viral rebound and can impact the effectiveness of the subsequent regimen and the long-term health of the individual. We aimed to characterize unplanned ART treatment interruptions in the OPERA^® cohort and investigate virologic outcomes among individuals who resumed treatment with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified adults with HIV-1 who were active in care and on an oral ART regimen with ≥ 2 antiretrovirals, including ≥ 1 anchor agent, between 30JUN2021 and 31AUG2023. Individuals with ≥ 1 period of ≥ 45 days without any ART, based on supply from last prescription, were considered to have experienced a treatment interruption. Individuals who resumed treatment by 31AUG2023 were defined as having experienced a treatment interruption with resumption. Each interruption observed during the study period was described, allowing for multiple interruptions per person. Treatment interruptions, pre-interruption regimens, and post-interruption regimens were described. Among individuals who resumed treatment with B/F/TAF, virologic outcomes were investigated through 29FEB2024 using Kaplan-Meier methods. All analyses were repeated with treatment interruption definitions of ≥ 60 and ≥ 90 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 76,883 people for whom a treatment interruption could be observed, 8,550 (11%) experienced ≥ 1 period of ≥ 45 days without any ART. By 31AUG2023, 4,163 (49%) individuals resumed treatment (mean: 1.25 per person) and were included in the study population. The median age was 44 years, 81% were male, 52% Black, 41% White, and 18% Hispanic. Median time since HIV diagnosis was 118 months. B/F/TAF was the most common pre- and post-interruption regimen (49% and 51%, respectively). The cumulative probability of achieving virologic suppression on B/F/TAF was 68% (95% CI: 57, 78) when the viral load measurement was ≥ 200 copies/mL at resumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Treatment interruptions occurred in 11% of ART users in routine clinical care during the 26-month study period. Despite treatment interruption increasing the risk for viral rebound, most individuals who resumed treatment with B/F/TAF were able to achieve virologic suppression or avoid virologic failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and willingness of healthcare workers to offer pre-exposure prophylaxis in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Victor Oluwafemi Femi-Lawal, Dimeji Abdulsobur Olawuyi, Gabriel Ilerioluwa Oke, Yetunde Nofisat Kabiawu, Olaoluwaposi Ogunlana, Jonas Lotanna Ibekwe, Olakulehin Adebusuyi","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00768-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00768-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite advancements in HIV prevention strategies, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), uptake remains suboptimal in high-burden regions like Africa. Healthcare workers (HCWs) play a pivotal role in PrEP implementation. This study systematically reviews the scientific literature to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and willingness of healthcare workers in offering pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines, synthesizing qualitative and quantitative studies from PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar (2010-2024). We included studies that assessed HCWs' PrEP-related knowledge, attitudes, and willingness in African settings. Pooled proportions for key outcomes were calculated using random-effects models, and barriers/facilitators were thematically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 293 screened records, 34 studies conducted in 12 countries were included. Meta-analysis revealed high PrEP awareness (85%, 95% CI: 75-91%) but poor knowledge (18%, 95% CI: 4-55%). Attitudes were moderately positive (46%, 95% CI: 25-68%), and willingness to prescribe PrEP was 58% (95% CI: 43-72%). Key barriers included stigma, inadequate training, workload, concerns about risk compensation, and health system constraints. Facilitators included provider training, experience, and integrated service delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While PrEP awareness is high among African HCWs, knowledge gaps and attitudinal barriers hinder optimal implementation. Targeted interventions-such as structured training, stigma reduction, and health system strengthening-are critical to enhancing PrEP adoption. Future research should explore context-specific strategies to improve HCW engagement in PrEP programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bibliometric mapping study of the literature on the quality of life of people living with HIV.","authors":"Can Huang, Yanfang Sun, Meng Chen, Lin Zhang, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00772-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00772-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, owing to the implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has become a manageable chronic disease. Consequently, the quality of life (QOL) of people living with HIV (PLWH) has warranted increasing attention. Although a substantial number of articles on QOL among PLWH have been published, statistical analysis of the data presented in these publications remains lacking. This study aimed to identify and analyze emerging trends and collaborative networks in research on the QOL of PLWH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Research publications on the QOL of PLWH from 1992 to 2025 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection. After screening and deduplication, the following bibliometric data were extracted from each article: title, abstract, keywords, authors, affiliations, geographic origin (countries/regions), publication year, journal name, and references. Various scientometric mapping tools-including Microsoft Office Spreadsheet, VOSviewer, and the Bibliometrix R-package-were used to analyze basic bibliometric parameters, leading contributors, high-impact keywords, and research trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6,163 publications met the inclusion criteria. Over the past 33 years, the annual number of publications has shown an overall upward trend. The United States had the highest number of publications (n = 2,432) and the highest total link strength (TLS = 1,798) in collaborative research. The University of California, San Francisco, served as the core institution, and PLOS ONE was the most prolific journal. Wu AW was identified as a core member of the industry collaboration network. By combining keyword co-occurrence and co-citation analyses, this study found that clinical concerns (e.g., antiretroviral therapy adherence, depression, anxiety) remained prominent, while stigma, healthcare access, and age-related impairments emerged as the latest hotspots with strong burst strength.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This bibliometric analysis highlights the growing importance of QOL research in the field of PLWH, which can inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers to prioritize areas for future investigation in order to develop comprehensive, patient-centered strategies. The findings advocate for appropriate resources for interventions that benefit HIV populations and a better understanding of the psychosocial needs of PLWH to improve their QOL.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes and eligibility of long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine treatment among youth living with HIV in a clinical and national cohort in Thailand: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Punnathorn Auaboonkanok, Wipaporn Natalie Songtaweesin, Suvaporn Anugulruengkitt, Chutima Saisaengjan, Jinnaphak Seesuksai, Sirinya Teeraananchai, Thanyawee Puthanakit","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00771-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00771-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine (LA-CAB/RPV) is the only available approved injectable antiretroviral therapy (ART) for youth living with HIV (YLHIV). However, it is not yet available through the Thai National AIDS Program (NAP). This study assessed Thai YLHIV attitudes toward LA-CAB/RPV and identified the proportion of medically eligible YLHIV within the NAP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two cross-sectional studies were conducted, the first study conducted in an HIV clinic in Bangkok involving YLHIV aged 13-24 years, assessing attitudes via questionnaires. The second study analyzed medical eligibility among 14,670 youth aged 12-24 years in the NAP, defined by current HIV RNA < 50 copies/ml, no prior treatment failure (HIV RNA < 1,000 copies/ml) and no suspected archived resistance to CAB/RPV. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with willingness and eligibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From April to June 2024, 100 YLHIV (median age 20 years; IQR 19.0-21.7) were enrolled, 71% had non-perinatally acquired HIV (non-PHIV). Overall, 85% expressed willingness to use LA-CAB/RPV. Non-PHIV youth showed significantly higher interest (93.0% vs. 65.5%); OR 6.9 [95% CI: 2.1-22.8], despite a shorter median treatment duration (2.7 vs. 14.3 years). LA-CAB/RPV was considered more convenient than pills by 76%, although 42% anticipated injection-site reactions. Among YLHIV in the NAP (median age 22 years; IQR 20-23), 64% were medically eligible, non-PHIV youth also had a higher eligibility proportion (70% vs. 32%) with an aOR 2.0 [95% CI: 1.7-2.4].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority of Thai YLHIV showed positive attitudes towards LA-CAB/RPV, with two-thirds meeting medical eligibility criteria. Enhancing access to generic formulations of this regimen could significantly impact lifelong HIV management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of uveitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus: a cohort study through TriNetX database.","authors":"Bing-Qi Wu, Hou-Ting Kuo, Alan Y Hsu, Yi-Ching Shao, Chun-Ting Lai, Hsin Tseng, Chun-Chi Chiang, Chun-Ju Lin, Ning-Yi Hsia, Huan-Sheng Chen, Yu-Hsun Wang, Yi-Yu Tsai, Min-Yen Hsu, James Cheng-Chung Wei","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00767-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00767-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This multi-institutional, retrospective cohort study using TriNetX database aims to explore the relationship between HIV infection and uveitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HIV patients were propensity-matched to individuals from our non-HIV cohort (1:1 ratio) based on variables such as age (every 5 year), sex, ethnicity, race, and relevant comorbidities. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to assess the impact of variables on uveitis risk, reporting hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests were applied to estimate the cumulative incidence of uveitis. Statistical significance was set at a two-sided p-value < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that adult patients with HIV infection had a significantly increased risk of developing uveitis compared to non-HIV counterparts, with an overall HR of 3.02 (95% CI: 2.70 - 3.39). The risk remained elevated across designated follow-up intervals of 1 year (HR = 4.68 [3.69 - 5.92]), 2 years (HR = 4.44 [3.65 - 5.41]), and 3 years (HR = 4.06 [3.42 - 4.81]), with consistent increases noted when dividing into different uveitis types except for anterior uveitis. The risk was higher among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) compared to asymptomatic HIV (HR = 2.64 [1.30 - 5.35]). Furthermore, HIV patients receiving treatment within three months exhibited a notably increased risk (HR = 2.87 [2.33 - 3.54]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals that individuals with HIV face a significantly heightened risk of developing uveitis. Our findings indicate that this risk is most substantial for intermediate and posterior uveitis, challenging the long-held belief that anterior uveitis is the predominant form in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12247217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into medication adherence among HIV-positive patients: the integrated change model.","authors":"Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Fatemeh Rahimi, Behrooz Hamzeh, Feizollah Mansouri, Nastaran Shoukohi, Farzad Jalilian","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00763-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00763-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS continues to pose a significant global public health challenge, with millions affected worldwide. Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), achieving optimal adherence remains critical for improving health outcomes and preventing transmission. This study aims to identify the key determinants influencing medication adherence among HIV-positive patients in western Iran, utilizing the integrated change model as a theoretical framework to inform effective intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study involved 262 HIV-positive individuals from the Behavioral Diseases Counseling Centers (BDCCs) of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Data were collected through structured interviews using a questionnaire based on the I-Change Model, with 255 completed responses analyzed using SPSS-16.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of respondents was 39.04 years, with a majority being male (70.2%). The average medication adherence score was 21.09 [95% CI: 20.68, 21.50], indicating 84.36% adherence. In the adjusted regression model, significant determinants of medication adherence were job status (β = 0.133, P < 0.001) and behavioral skills (β = 0.296, P < 0.001), indicating their positive impact on adherence behavior. Conversely, perceived barriers (β = -0.418, P < 0.001) remained a strong negative correlate, highlighting the detrimental effect of barriers on adherence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the critical role of job status, behavioral skills, and perceived barriers in medication adherence. Clinically, healthcare providers must prioritize strategies to mitigate barriers and increasing behavioral skills. From a policy standpoint, expanding employment opportunities for individuals with HIV can support adherence and improve health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences and disengagement from HIV care: a case-cohort study in Tanzania.","authors":"Sydney Tucker, Solis Winters, Emmanuel Katabaro, Matilda Mlowe, Patrick Bradshaw, Jennifer Ahern, John Colford, Laura Packel, Susan Hillis, Amon Sabasaba, Prosper Njau, Sandra I McCoy","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00760-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00760-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can have lasting, detrimental effects throughout the lifespan and may influence engagement in health care. We conducted a case-cohort study in Tanzania to estimate the association between ACEs and disengagement from HIV care 12 months after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) among 217 adults (26 cases and 191 sub-cohort participants). Experiencing one, two, three, and four additional ACEs was significantly associated with 28% (RR_a= 1.24; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.44; p-value < 0.01), 64% (RR_a=1.64; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.20), 110% (RR_a=2.10; 95% CI: 1.35, 3.26), and 168% (RR_a=2.68; 95% CI: 1.49, 4.38) increases in the risk of disengagement from HIV care, respectively. These findings call for integrated trauma-informed mental health services within HIV care to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12203731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight loss with real-world doravirine use in the OPERA cohort: a US-based cohort study.","authors":"Karam Mounzer, Laurence Brunet, Michael Sension, Ricky K Hsu, Michael D Osterman, Jennifer S Fusco, Yohance O Whiteside, Gregory P Fusco","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00761-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00761-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Weight gain has been associated with the use of antiretrovirals in people with HIV, especially with integrase inhibitors or tenofovir alafenamide, and among women. In 2018, doravirine became the latest non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor to be approved in the US. We assessed changes in weight over time among virologically suppressed individuals who switched to a regimen containing doravirine (DOR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From the US-based OPERA cohort, treatment-experienced adults with HIV who switched to a DOR-containing regimen between 30AUG2018-30NOV2022 with a viral load < 50 copies/mL were included (followed through 31MAY2023). The study population was characterized and a linear mixed model was used to estimate rates of weight change on DOR. Results were stratified by sex, by patterns of efavirenz (EFV) and/or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) use before/after switch to DOR, and by integrase inhibitor (INSTI) & tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) use combination (restricted to individuals who maintained the same combination before/after switch).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 388 included individuals, 21% were women, 33% were Black, and 78% were obese or overweight at DOR switch. Overall, people who switched to DOR lost an average of 0.80 kg/year (95% CI: -1.32, -0.28). Both women and men experienced statistically significant weight loss; women (70% Black, 70% aged ≥ 40 years) lost weight at a rate of -1.67 kg/year (95% CI: -3.32, -0.02) and men at a rate of -0.60 kg/year (95% CI: -1.12, -0.08). When EFV and TDF were absent before and after switch to DOR, statistically significant weight loss was observed. Among those who had the same INSTI and TAF combination throughout and had any INSTI or TAF use, a statistically non-significant trend toward weight loss was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In one of the first real-world analyses of weight changes among virologically suppressed individuals who switched to a DOR-containing regimen in the US, DOR was associated with statistically significant weight loss. Patterns of use of other antiretrovirals did not fully explain the observed weight loss. These findings are clinically meaningful given that most individuals included were overweight or obese at switch to DOR and that women were predominantly of perimenopausal or menopausal age.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12182698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief communication: characteristics of primary drug resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals in Ganzhou, China.","authors":"Dan-Dan Huang, Jun-Jie Liu, Ya-Ting Chen, Rong-Rong Yang, Jun-Zhi Su, Qian Gao, Xin Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00758-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00758-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary drug resistance (PDR) is an important cause of antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure. However, the prevalence and characteristics of PDR in Ganzhou remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From July 2018 to August 2021, treatment-naïve, newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals in Ganzhou, China were recruited. Blood samples were collected, and the HIV pol gene was amplified by nested PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Sequence editing and assembly were performed using DNASTAR Lasergene software, and subsequent analysis for resistance mutations and drug susceptibility profiling was conducted using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 108 successfully amplified samples, seven exhibited low-, intermediate-, or high-level resistance mutations, resulting in a PDR prevalence of 6.5%. Among them, the mutation rate of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) was 4.6%, and the drug resistance mutation rates of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) were both 0.9%. No protease inhibitor resistance was detected. Nine drug resistance mutations were detected, among which six were related to NNRTIs, one was related to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and two were related to INSTIs. The K103N and Y181C mutations conferred intermediate-to-high resistance to NNRTIs, while A98G and V179E caused low-to-intermediate resistance to NNRTIs, and the remaining mutations led to low drug resistance to the respective drugs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to other regions in China, Ganzhou exhibits a relatively low PDR among newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals. However, the emergence of INSTI-resistant strains underscores the need for enhanced resistance surveillance to prevent the spread of drug-resistant strains caused by ART failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief communication: effect of a one-stop-shop intervention on COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people living with HIV in Nairobi and Kajiado counties, Kenya.","authors":"Njoki Njuguna, Peris Gichuhi, Jannis Mutisya, Elizabeth Kubo, Collins Odhiambo, Joanna Michler, Susan Arodi, Reson Marima, Jared Mecha, C F Otieno","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00730-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00730-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at increased risk of COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality. We describe the effect of a 'One-Stop-Shop' intervention on COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLHIV in Nairobi and Kajiado Counties, Kenya. All PLHIV in selected HIV clinics in Nairobi and Kajiado were included. They received the COVID-19 vaccine alongside other PLHIV services within the HIV clinics. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square test and two sample proportion tests were performed. COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLHIV in both counties increased post-intervention. Nairobi County had 61% COVID-19 vaccine uptake post intervention compared to 38% pre intervention while Kajiado County had 72% uptake, up from 49% pre intervention. Females had the highest post intervention uptake in both counties at 52% (Nairobi) and 54% (Kajiado). In conclusion, COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLHIV increased after implementation of the One-Stop-Shop intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12166582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}