AIDS Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Global, regional and national burden of HIV/AIDS among individuals aged 15-79 from 1990 to 2021.","authors":"Yuanfang Chen, An-Dong Li, Yizhou Yang, Jing Lu, Yu Xu, Xinyu Ji, Liting Wu, Lei Han, Baoli Zhu, Ming Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00745-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00745-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS persists as a global health challenge despite significant advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART). The transformation of HIV into a chronic condition, coupled with regional disparities and evolving epidemiological trends, necessitates an updated analysis of the disease burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive analysis of HIV/AIDS burden among individuals aged 15-79 years from 1990 to 2021 using the latest data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 database. Multiple statistical approaches were employed to investigate temporal trends, geographic variations, and health inequalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, global HIV/AIDS age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) decreased by 41%, while age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR), mortality rates (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life year rates increased by 222%, 57%, and 59%, respectively. Sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated the highest HIV/AIDS ASPR in 2021, with High-middle and Middle SDI regions, particularly Oceania, South Asia, and Eastern Europe, experiencing the most significant ASPR growth over three decades. Joinpoint analysis identified 1997 and 2015 as critical years for ASIR declines, and 2004 for ASMR reductions. Decomposition analysis revealed population growth as the primary driver of increasing incidence in lower SDI regions, while epidemiological changes were more influential in higher SDI areas. The age-period-cohort model showed peak HIV/AIDS incidence among individuals aged 25-34, with diminishing incidence risk across successive birth cohorts and periods. Health inequality analysis from 1990 to 2021 revealed a substantial widening of disparities across countries, with the slope index of inequality rising from 265 to 1006.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While global efforts have reduced HIV/AIDS incidence, increasing prevalence due to extended survival with antiretroviral therapy presents ongoing challenges. Regional disparities and rising incidence among specific demographics underscore the need for sustained, targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12057008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of dolutegravir-based treatment among HIV/AIDS patients in Nkembo Outpatient Treatment Center, Gabon.","authors":"Christian Mangala, Rolf Moukanda-Ifoundou, Denis Maulot-Bangola, Alain Moutsinga, Christian Mombo-Maganga, Serge Christian Okolongo-Mayani, Brice Ongali, Guy Joseph Lemamy, Rachyda Massolou-Outata","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00744-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00744-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS therapy continues to make an enormous contribution to improving the well-being of HIV/AIDS patients globally. In Gabon, dolutegravir is administered to HIV/AIDS patients from first-line treatment. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness rate of dolutegravir-based treatment among HIV/AIDS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients who started antiretroviral treatment since 48 weeks of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effectiveness rate of dolutegravir-based treatment was 85.1%. HIV/AIDS patients with a CD4 + count below 200 cel/mm³, singles, and HIV/AIDS patients whose treatment duration exceeded 12 months were at risk and likely to have an active infection (P = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dolutegravir-based treatment remains effective among HIV/AIDS patients treated at the Nkembo Outpatient Treatment Center.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of short message service reminders or peer home visits on adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral load suppression among HIV-Infected adolescents in Cameroon: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Alice Ketchaji, Joseph Fokam, Felix Assah, Francis Ateba, Martial Lantche Wandji, Joelle Nounouce Bouba Pamen, Godfroy Rostant Pokam Djoko, Cedric Dylan Nana Seugnou, Emmanuel Kah, Alain Fouda Atangana, Jerome Ateudjieu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00746-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00746-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and viral load suppression (VLS) constitute one of the key challenges to control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), especially during adolescence. This trial aimed at assessing the impact of short message services (SMS) or peer home visits (PHV) on adherence to ART and VL suppression among adolescents living with HIV (ALWHIV) in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted from July 2018 to February 2019 at the Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation in Yaounde. Eligible ALWHIV (15-19 years), with a fully disclosed HIV status, with availability of phone and guardian's consent, were randomly assigned to receive either daily SMS or bi-weekly PHV for a six-months period. The control-group received standard of care according to the national guidelines. Study investigators and participants were not blinded to the interventions group allocation, and no adverse events or side effects were observed. Adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the impact of interventions on outcomes. The study was approved by The Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry with PACTR201904582515723 at ( www.pactr.org ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to ART increased in the PHV (aRR: 4.3; 95% CI: 2.2-8.3; p < 0.001) and SMS (aRR: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.1-5.3; p < 0.001) groups compared to the control-group. Likewise, VL suppression was higher in PHV (aRR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.9-7.5 p < 0.001) and SMS (aRR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.8-5.4; p < 0.001) groups compared to the control-group. Based on CI, both interventions showed similar benefits on improving adherence and VLS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among ALHIV, SMS or PHV contribute substantially to improving adherence and VL suppression among ALWHIV. Implementing such strategies would support efforts in eliminating pediatric AIDS in low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12046915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural adaptation of clinic-based pediatric hiv status disclosure intervention with task shifting in Eastern Uganda.","authors":"Joseph Kirabira, Janet Nakigudde, Keng-Yen Huang, Scholastic Ashaba, Harriet Nambuya, Yesim Tozan, Lawrence H Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00743-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00743-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV status disclosure remains a major challenge among children living with perinatally acquired HIV with many taking treatment up to adolescence without knowing their serostatus. This non-disclosure is influenced by factors like fear of the negative consequences of disclosure. Since HIV status disclosure has been found to have good effects including improving treatment adherence and better mental health outcomes, there is a need to design interventions aimed at improving disclosure rates among children living with HIV. This study aims at adapting a clinic-based pediatric HIV status disclosure intervention and tasking shifting from healthcare workers to caregiver peer supporters in Eastern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The adaptation process involved consultations with caregivers, healthcare workers involved in the care of children living with HIV, researchers in this field, intervention developers, and other experts and stakeholders. This was done through conducting FGDs with HCWs, caregivers, and peer supporters and consultations with researchers in the field of HIV. The original intervention manual was translated to Lusoga which is the commonly spoken dialect in this region. Collected qualitative data were analyzed using an inductive approach to develop themes and subthemes. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before participation in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 participants were involved in the FGDs, while two pediatricians and two HIV researchers/specialists were consulted. Six themes were generated in relation to all suggested changes to the original manual which were related to: (1) sociocultural beliefs/norms/perceptions (5 FGDs), (2) boosting caregiver's confidence for disclosure (5FGDs), (3) disclosure mode, environment, and person (4 FGDs), (4) health facility/system related changes (3 FGDs), (5) reorganization/paraphrasing (3FGDs) and (6) age appropriateness (2FGDs).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasized that whereas some aspects of intervention can apply to various contexts, there is a need for cross-cultural adaptation of interventions before being implemented in settings where they were not developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bibliometric analysis of HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants from 1999 to 2024.","authors":"Chang Yan, Fengting Yu, Mengying Li, Xiaojie Yang, Rui Sun, Xuelei Liang, Xiaojie Lao, Hanxi Zhang, Wenhao Lv, Ying Hu, Yuan Lai, Yi Ding, Fujie Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00739-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00739-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy has become an international trend, necessitating lifelong medication for all HIV patients. Sanger sequencing, as the gold standard for clinically detecting HIV drug resistance, often fails to detect mutations comprising less than 20% of the total viral population. With the advancement of detection technologies, HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants have garnered increasing attention. Few studies have analyzed the hotspots and trends in this field, which bibliometrics can effectively address.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publications related to HIV-1 DRMinVs from 1999 to 2024 were searched on the Web of Science Core Collection database. Visual knowledge maps and bibliometric analyses were generated using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 289 publications concerning HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants were identified from 1999 to 2024, demonstrating a steady increase in publication output over the years. Although developed countries, led by the United States, are the main contributors, 9.57% and 2.48% of the research from the top five publishing countries focus on populations in Africa and other developing countries, respectively. Most contributing institutions are universities and public health organizations, with the University of Washington having the highest publication output. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy holds the highest prominence among journals in this domain. The main hotspots include \"drug classes,\" \"drug resistance surveillance,\" \"mother-to-child transmission,\" \"treatment outcomes,\" and \"targets of HIV-1 drug resistance testing,\" And we found several noteworthy shifts in research trends in HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants studies, including changes in drug resistance testing technologies, the primary study population, and drug classes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first bibliometric analysis of publications related to HIV-1 DRMinVs from 1999 to 2024. We analyzed the key research contributions across countries, institutions and journals. Based on keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis, we identified several noteworthy shifts in research trends in HIV-1 DRMinVs studies, including changes in drug resistance testing technologies, the primary study population, and drug classes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11984210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term metabolic changes with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide or dolutegravir-containing regimens for HIV.","authors":"Eric S Daar, Chloe Orkin, Paul E Sax, Debbie Hagins, Anton Pozniak, Kimberly Workowski, Cynthia Brinson, Juan Manuel Tiraboschi, Hui Liu, Chris Deaton, Cal Cohen, Sharline Madera, Jason T Hindman, Moti Ramgopal","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00732-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00732-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate long-term changes in weight and metabolic parameters in people with HIV-1 (PWH) initiating first-line antiretroviral therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analysis of two Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trials (1489: NCT02607930; 1490: NCT02607956). PWH received bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) or dolutegravir (DTG)-based treatment (Study 1489: dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine [DTG/ABC/3TC]; Study 1490: DTG + F/TAF) for 144 weeks, followed by B/F/TAF (96-week open-label extension up to Week 240). Weight and metabolic parameters were assessed through Week 144 by randomized treatment assignment. Weight changes by baseline viral load and CD4 count were evaluated in PWH receiving B/F/TAF from baseline through Week 240. Multivariate modeling explored baseline factors associated with absolute weight and weight change through Week 240 and weight gain ≥ 10% at Week 240.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median weight and body mass index (BMI) increased over time with B/F/TAF (n = 628), DTG/ABC/3TC (n = 315), and DTG + F/TAF (n = 325). There were no significant differences in change in weight or BMI between the B/F/TAF and DTG + F/TAF groups or between the B/F/TAF and DTG/ABC/3TC groups at Week 144 in either trial, nor were there differences in other metabolic parameters, including incidence of treatment-emergent diabetes mellitus and hypertension through Week 144. Among PWH receiving B/F/TAF (baseline through Week 240), weight increases were greatest soon after initiating antiretroviral therapy (i.e., Weeks 0-48), particularly in participants with baseline viral load > 100,000 copies/ml and/or CD4 count < 200 cells/µl. In multivariate modeling (B/F/TAF pooled data), lower baseline CD4 count and higher HIV-1 RNA were associated with lower baseline weight and greater weight gain, but not absolute weight, from Week 48 through Week 240.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No significant difference in weight change from baseline to Week 144 was found between bictegravir and DTG, or between B/F/TAF and a non-TAF-containing regimen, in these two randomized trials. Furthermore, weight gain following treatment initiation was greatest in the first year of treatment and most pronounced in individuals with more advanced HIV at baseline, supporting the hypothesis that weight gain following initial treatment is linked to a \"return to health\" in people with advanced HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Extensive cervical lesion and treatment outcomes in women with HIV/HPV co-infection.","authors":"Rosie Mngqibisa, Huichao Chen, Catherine Godfrey, Motshedisi Sebitloane, Unoda Chakalisa, Sharlaa Badal-Faesen, Gaerolwe Masheto, Frank Taulo, Wadzanai Samaneka, Jennifer Tiu, Cynthia Firnhaber, Timothy Wilkin","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00736-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00736-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Swallowing these drugs every day, you get tired\": a mixed-methods study to identify barriers and facilitators to retention and HIV viral load suppression among the adolescents living with HIV in TASO Mbale and TASO Soroti centers of excellence.","authors":"Bonniface Oryokot, Andrew Kazibwe, Abraham Ignatius Oluka, David Kagimu, Baker Bakashaba, Saadick Mugerwa Ssentongo, Twaha Mafabi, Charles Odoi, Abubaker Kawuba, Yunus Miya, Bernard Michael Etukoit, Kenneth Mugisha, Eleanor Namusoke-Magongo","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00719-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00719-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescents aged 10-19 years, living with HIV (ALHIV) lag in attaining optimal viral load suppression (VLS) rates and retention in care. This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to both treatment outcomes in TASO Mbale and TASO Soroti centers of excellence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a mixed methods approach, extracting secondary data on ALHIV who were active in care during April-June 2022 quarter to determine one year retention and VLS (HIV RNA copies < 1000/ml). Analysis was done in STATA Corp, 15.0. We used logistic regression to determine predictors and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) to report levels of predictability, using 95% confidence interval (CI) and P < 0.05 for statistical significance. For qualitative component, purposive sampling of 59 respondents was done. Focused group discussions, key informant interviews, and in-depth interviews were used to collect data. Thematic content analysis was done using Atlas ti.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 533 ALHIV, median age of 15 years, interquartile range of 11-18 and 54.2% females. 12-month retention rate was 95.9% and VLS of 84.0%. Poor and fair adherence [aOR = 0.044, 95% CI 0.010-0.196, P < 0.001)], [aOR = 0.010, 95% CI (0.002-0.039) P < 0.001] respectively had decreased odds for VLS while multi-month dispensing of drugs (aOR = 3.403, 95% CI 1.449-7.991, P = 0.005) had increased odds of VLS. For retention, being with a non-biological caregiver (aOR = 0.325, 95% CI 0.111-0.9482 P = 0.04) decreased the odds. Meanwhile key barriers included: individual ones such as internal stigma and treatment/drug fatigue; facility-level such as prolonged waiting time and lack of social activities; community level include stigma and discrimination, inadequate social support and food shortage. In terms of facilitators, individual level ones included good adherence and knowledge of one's HIV status; facility-level such as provision of adolescent friendly services and community-level like social support and decent nutrition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VLS rate was sub-optimal mainly due to poor adherence. HIV programs could utilize the barriers and facilitators identified to improve VLS. Conversely, retention rate at one year was good, likely due to provision of adolescent friendly health services. ALHIV and their caregivers need to be empowered to sustain retention and improve VLS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11972455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical trials of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies in people living with HIV - a review.","authors":"Sharana Mahomed, Kayla Pillay, Razia Hassan-Moosa, Bruna P G V Galvão, Wendy A Burgers, Penny L Moore, Melissa Rose-Abrahams, Carolyn Williamson, Nigel Garrett","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00734-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00734-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>HIV-1 remains a major global health challenge, impacting approximately 39 million people worldwide. Although antiretroviral therapy has substantially reduced HIV incidence and enhanced the quality of life for those living with HIV, adherence difficulties, limited access, and persistent stigma continue to exacerbate the disease burden. A curative or long-term immunological control strategy without continuous medication would significantly advance pandemic management. In the 2010s, technological progress led to the development of a new generation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) with improved potency and breadth, targeting conserved regions of the HIV-1 envelope and facilitating viral neutralization and clearance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review evaluates the clinical outcomes and potential of bNAbs in people living with HIV, summarizing findings from a review of 154 registered trials, of which 62 met the inclusion criteria focusing on adult PLWH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early trials confirmed bNAbs' safety but revealed transient and limited viral suppression, often due to viral escape. Second-generation bNAbs like VRC01 and 3BNC117, as well as combination therapies such as 3BNC117 with 10-1074, extended viral suppression but continued to face resistance challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More recent trials that paired bNAbs with latency-reversing agents or combined multiple bNAbs demonstrated promising results, including delayed viral rebound and enhanced CD8 + T-cell responses. While bNAbs show potential as an adjunct or alternative to ART, obstacles such as viral resistance, high production costs, and scalability must be addressed. Continued research is crucial to developing more potent, durable, and affordable bNAbs for sustainable HIV treatment and potential remission.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11972490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological status of measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies in HIV-positive women of childbearing age at a referral hospital in Iran.","authors":"Sara Ghaderkhani, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Kousha Farhadi, Ladan Abbasian, Alireza Abdollahi, Malihe Hasannezhad, Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi, Erta Rajabi","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00735-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00735-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases susceptibility to measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) infections due to decreased cluster of differentiation 4 + T-cell levels and rapid waning of protective antibodies following vaccination, which imposes a significant impact on HIV-positive women of reproductive age, for whom MMR vaccination is a crucial preventive measure. This study aimed to shed light on the immunity status of women of childbearing age with HIV infection post-MMR-vaccination during their childhood and the necessity of further vaccination in these individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To evaluate seroconversion rates following vaccination through Iran's NIP or previous infection by assessing MMR IgG levels, all Iranian women aged 18-45 years referred to our voluntary counseling center, with or without HIV infection and CD4 levels 200 cells/mm³ or higher at the time of enrollment, were invited to participate. Data were collected through the Hospital Information System and questionnaires, and blood samples were taken to evaluate the seroconversion following MMR vaccination via NIP or previous MMR infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 150 women participated, with a mean age (± SD) of 36.49 (± 6.80). Mean rubella and measles IgG levels of HIV-positive participants (95.08 ± 79.42 IU/Ml) were higher than HIV-negative peers (8.98 ± 3.83 mg/dL) with no significant associations (p-value > 0.05). However, mumps IgG levels were significantly lower compared to HIV-negative participants (9.87 ± 28.70 mg/dL, p-value < 0.001). Additionally, HIV-positive participants significantly exhibited lower total immunity (n = 73, 97.3) compared to HIV-negative participants (n = 64, 85.3) (p-value = 0.07). HIV-positive individuals who did not have seroimmunity against mumps infection had significantly lower CD4 NADIR counts (cells/mm3) (mean ± SD = 259.00 ± 203.31, p-value: 0.025). Moreover, regression analyses demonstrated significant associations between decreased mumps IgG levels and lower CD4 NADIR counts (AOR = 1.004, 95% CI = 1-1.008, p value = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research found that HIV-positive women may need MMR revaccination due to increased susceptibility to at least one of these viruses. We also highlighted the significance of considering lower CD4 NADIR as a risk factor for mumps development in women living with HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}