AIDS Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"A cross-sectional analysis of fingerstick blood self-microcollection for remote HIV suppression monitoring in Atlanta, Georgia, USA: a path to expanding access to continuum of care.","authors":"Jeffrey A Johnson, Amanda J Smith, Ruth Dana, Erin Rogers, M Leanne Ward, Ariana S Tino, Vickie Sullivan, Wei Luo, Jin-Fen Li, Patrick S Sullivan","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00781-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00781-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many people with HIV experience considerable barriers to accessing HIV clinic services. Options that would permit blood sampling that preclude the need for in-clinic visits and increase privacy would aid in overcoming many of the obstacles that hinder receiving adequate HIV care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Project Home-MaDE, 57 participants were evaluated for their ability to collect fingerstick blood (minimum 250 µL) in Microtainer tubes (MCT), then package and overnight mail specimens following kit instructions without assistance. Specimens were required to arrive at the laboratory within four days of collection. Plasma viral loads obtained from mailed blood were compared to matched venipuncture samples collected on the same day. For fingerstick-derived plasma, the limit of quantitation was 210 copies/mL, a benchmark relevant for Undetectable = Untransmissible prevention. A non-reactive or below-quantifiable result reflected viral suppression. Self-collected dried blood spots which have historically been used for remote blood sampling were likewise evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-seven (82%) participants had acceptable MCT samples for testing. Ten specimens were rejected either for excessive time and temperature (n = 1) or insufficient sample volume (n = 9). Of the 34 participants who initially experienced difficulty in obtaining sufficient sample 29 elected to retry and 24 were successful. All 46 acceptable MCT plasmas tested provided accurate results as compared to the suppression levels in their matched conventional venipuncture viral loads.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Under a rigorous protocol, plasma from mailed, self-collected fingersticks by untrained individuals were suitable for remote viral suppression monitoring. This evaluation, however, was limited to temperatures and courier service in the U.S. Approved testing options for self-collected samples may support HIV telemedicine and empower persons to overcome barriers to care services.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global and regional molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 among men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ruiyu Li, Yin Gao, Ting Song, Nan Li, Rui Deng, Feng Jiao, Chaofang Yan, Ying Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00776-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00776-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The diversity of HIV-1 genotypes among Men who have sex with men (MSM) globally has changed considerably. The purpose of this study to assess the global prevalence of HIV-1 genotypes among MSM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched to identify the articles. Pooled prevalence of HIV-1 genotypes was calculated and subgroup analyses were performed to examine the prevalence estimates across time and locations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 95 studies were included in the final analysis, including 84,622 successfully genotyped samples. The predominant strains were CRF01_AE (34.46%), subtype B (31.16%), and CRF07_BC (24.72%). In subgroup analyses, Subtype B and C showed a declining trend over the years. However, CRF07_BC exhibited a consistent year-on-year increase, while CRF01_AE experienced a slight reduction after 2018. Notably, both subtypes currently account for more than 35% of the total. In addition, the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in this population shown a clear regional distribution. Regionally, subtype B predominated in Latin America and Europe, CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC in Asia and China, while subtype C and CRF02_AG were dominant in Africa and the Middle East.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Global and regions MSM HIV-1 subtypes are becoming more complex over time and the prevalence of recombinant viruses is increasing. Ongoing and effective surveillance of the global and regional molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in MSM is critical for developing targeted preventive control measures against HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-drug interaction between dolutegravir and artemether-lumefantrine in HIV and malaria mono- and co-infections: a pharmacogenetic analysis from Ghana.","authors":"Nicholas Ekow Thomford, Tracy Kellermann, Joel Adu Twum, John Anyimadu, Charné Dixon, Dennis Sappor, Dee Blackhurst, Prince Amoah Barnie, Oksana Ryabinina, Samuel Badu Nyarko, Robert Peter Biney, Martins Ekor, George B Kyei","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00787-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00787-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human Immunodeficiency Virus and malaria are significant public health challenges in sub-Saharan Africa, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality in the region. The trajectory of HIV and malaria mono- and coinfections may be different with presentations of drug-drug and disease-disease interactions. Current medications of artemether-lumefantrine and dolutegravir (DTG) -based anti-retroviral therapy which are the preferred drugs are metabolised by CYP2B6, CYP3A4/5 and UGTs which are polymorphic and may contribute to drug disposition and clinical outcomes. This study investigated the pharmacogenetic effects of co-administration of arthemeter-lumfantrine and DTG in HIV-malaria mono and coinfection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Malaria and HIV mono- and coinfected participants were recruited from health facilities in the Central region of Ghana. Blood samples were taken at pre-defined time points during malaria and HIV mono- and coinfection. Plasma drug concentrations of artemether-lumefantrine and dolutegravir and their metabolites of dihydroartemisinin and desbutyl-lumefantrine were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS). Genotyping for CYP2B6, UGT1A, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 was undertaken using PCR-RFLP, TaqMan assays and Iplex GOLD SNP genotyping protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and sixty-one participants were involved in this study, with a male to female ratio of 1:2. Median parasitaemia for malaria monoinfection and HIV-malaria coinfection was 947.34 parasites/µL of whole blood and 5287.36 parasites/µL of whole blood respectively on day 1. By days 3 and 7, the parasitaemia had decreased to 0 for both malaria monoinfection and HIV-malaria coinfections. Plasma median C_{day 7} for lumefantrine was 741.5 (496.0, 1276.0) ng/mL for malaria monoinfection and 426.0 (254.5, 803) ng/mL for malaria and HIV coinfection (MHC) showing a decreased plasma concentration during coadministration with DTG. There was a decrease in the plasma concentration of DTG in MHC cases compared to HIV monoinfection. This trend is observed in CYP3A5 rs776746, CYP3A rs10264272, CYP3A4 rs2740574, UGT1A1 rs4148323 and CYP2B6 rs28399499 genetic variations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is an observed decrease in plasma drug concentrations during the co-administration of artemether-lumefantrine and dolutegravir. Possible long-term effects from non-adherence may include sub-optimal levels that could result in clinical differences and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abortion and its association with antiretroviral therapy among young women living with HIV in northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Edward Kumakech, Deo Benyumiza, Marvin Musinguzi, Wilfred Inzama, Ebong Doryn, James Okello, Lydia Kabiri, Jasper Watson Ogwal-Okeng","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00777-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00777-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Abortion is a critical reproductive health issue among young women living with HIV (YWLHIV). Despite the widespread use of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) for women of reproductive age, its impact on abortion prevalence remains unclear. We set out to determine the prevalence of abortion among the YWLHIV receiving TLD-based ART regimen in northern Uganda and its association with the ART regimen and duration alongside other key socio-demographic, reproductive health, lifestyle and facility access- related factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of YWLHIV who reported at least one pregnancy in northern Uganda. Using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, participants were asked about their abortion history, ART regimen and duration, contraceptive use, parity, male partner's HIV status, and access to community-based family planning resources. Descriptive statistics for abortion prevalence, Chi-square test, Fisher's Exact test, bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression analyses for the associations between these variables and the occurrence of abortion were used. The 5% significance level and 95% confidence intervals were considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed data of 268 YWLHIV who reported conceiving at least one pregnancy. The abortion prevalence was 20.9% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) of 16.2% - 26.1%). No significant association was found between the abortion experience and ART regimens nor duration. The significant predictors for abortion included awareness of public health facilities that provide family planning services, parity, sero-concordant HIV-positive partnerships, and modern contraceptive use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found a substantial abortion prevalence of 20.9% among the YWLHIV in northern Uganda. There was no significant association between the occurrence of abortion and ART regimens nor duration. Key predictors of abortion included awareness of public health facilities that provide family planning services, parity, use of contraceptive methods and the male partner's HIV positive status. To reduce abortion, creation of awareness of public health facilities that provide family planning services, contraceptive use, and couple-focused HIV testing and status disclosure are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with viral load suppression among children and adolescents on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral regimen in Tanzania: a longitudinal analysis.","authors":"Abdallah Abtwalibe Maghembe, Marion Sumari-de Boer, Mtoro J Mtoro, Michael Johnson Mahande","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00780-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00780-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces morbidity and mortality due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In 2019, Tanzania adopted Dolutegravir (DTG) as a first-, second-line, and third-line treatment for children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV). Viral load suppression (VLS) is desirable in the prevention of HIV transmission thus achieving the third '95' target. DTG treatment has highly potent antiviral activity, a high genetic barrier to resistance, and a high safety profile. We aimed to determine VLS and associated factors among CALHIV on DTG-based ART in Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis among CALHIV who were on a DTG-based regimen in Tanzania between 2019 and 2021. We extracted demographic and clinical characteristics from the care and treatment clinic database. A multilevel mixed effects Poisson regression model was used to determine factors associated with VLS at < 1000 copies/ml among CALHIV on a DTG-based regimen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 63,453 CALHIV on a DTG-based regimen were analysed. The proportion of viral suppression was 91.64%. Overall, 66.19% of previously unsuppressed individuals became suppressed, and 88.45% of previously suppressed remained suppressed. Factors leading to higher chances of viral suppression were aged 15-19 years (aRR: 1.02; 95%CI: 1.017-1.03), those in WHO stage I (aRR: 1.03; 95%CI: 1.01-1.04), those in WHO stage II (aRR: 1.02; 95%CI: 1.00-1.04), and those who ever received a multi-month prescription on ART (aRR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.23-1.28), while those aged 10-14 years (aRR: 0.98; 95%CI: 0.97-0.99), previously unsuppressed prior to starting DTG (aRR: 0.92; 95%CI: 0.91-0.93), duration on ART more than 24 months (aRR: 0.96; 95%CI: 0.94-0.97), not retained in care (aRR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.77-0.89), severe malnutrition (aRR:0.77; 95%CI: 0.69-0.94) and coastal zone (aRR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96-0.99) were less likely to achieve VLS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed DTG-based regimens have a good response for both naïve, previously unsuppressed, and suppressed Children and Adolescents Living with HIV (CALHIV) with significant improvement in viral suppression. Improving retention in care and malnutrition might improve VLS and achieve the third '95'.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome among ART Naïve people living with HIV in Accra, Ghana: a multicenter cross-sectional study.","authors":"Magdalene Akos Odikro, Kwasi Torpey, Margaret Lartey, Kofi Agyabeng, Veronika Shabanova, Vincent Ganu, Elijah Painstil, Ernest Kenu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00783-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00783-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To inform strategies aimed at reducing Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among People Living with HIV (PLWH), it is important to understand the contribution of pre-Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) health. We estimated the prevalence and factors associated with MetS among ART naïve PLWH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multi-centre cross-sectional study was conducted among adult ART naïve PLWH. MetS was defined as presence of any three sub-components; central obesity, raised blood pressure, impaired fasting glucose, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and raised triglycerides. Modified World Health Organization (WHO) Steps questionnaire was used to collect information on demographics, behavioral, and physical measurements. Fasting blood samples were taken for blood sugar, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and triglyceride measurements. MetS prevalence was estimated and logistic regression used to determine associated factors. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 347 ART naïve PLWH with median age 38 years (IQR:19-67), MetS prevalence was at 15.3% (95% CI: 11.7-19.5). Abnormal HDLc was the most prevalent MetS sub-component 64.8% (95% CI: 59.6-69.9). Each year increase in age of participants increased odds of Mets by 4% (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07). Being overweight/obese increased the odds of having MetS by 3.2 times compared to being of healthy weight (aOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.6-6.3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that about one in seven ART Naïve PLWH in Accra, Ghana, met the diagnostic criteria for MetS. The contributory factors were consistent with known risk factors for cardiometabolic illnesses. We recommend routine screening of PLWH for MetS sub-components.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and predictors of cardiovascular disease risk among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Nigeria.","authors":"Abiodun Isah, Olujuwon Ibiloye, Temiwoluwa Omole, Oluwatobi Olaniyi, Plang Jwanle, Ifeyinwa Onwuatelo, Jay Osi Samuels, Prosper Okonkwo","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00786-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00786-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Advances in HIV/AIDS treatment have transformed HIV into a manageable chronic condition. However, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other non-communicable diseases are increasingly emerging among people living with HIV (PLHIV), especially in developing countries. This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of CVD risk among PLHIV in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2024 across ten Nigerian health facilities, involving 1,000 PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Data on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, family history of CVD, and HIV-related clinical factors were collected through structured questionnaires and medical records. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS v24, with significance set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had a median age of 48 years (IQR: 41-56), and 60.7% were female. Hypertension (26.2%), overweight (27.9%), high-risk waist-hip ratio (39.6%), and obesity (19.6%) were common. Overall, 61.1% were at risk for CVD. Significant predictors of higher CVD risk included urban residence (aOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.13-1.94), smoking (aOR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.26-3.68), family history of hypertension (aOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4), being on ART for ≥ 10 years (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-2.01), and infrequent consumption of high-fat, sugar, and salt (HFSS) foods (aOR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1-1.9). Conversely, being retired or a student was associated with lower risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CVD risk is prevalent among PLHIV in Nigeria and is linked to demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. Targeted, integrated interventions, and client-centered care strategies are required to reduce CVD burden among PLHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Willingness to use long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis among key populations at a large HIV prevention clinic in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jonathan Derrick Lukubuya, Elizabeth B Katana, Micheal Baguma, Andrew Kaguta, Winnie Nambatya, Peter Kyambadde, Timothy R Muwonge, Andrew Mujugira, Eva Agnes Laker Odongpiny","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00747-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00747-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-acting injectable (LAI)-PrEP provides better protection against HIV compared to oral PrEP, which requires taking a daily pill. Our study aimed to assess knowledge about oral and LAI-PrEP and identify factors associated with willingness to use LAI-PrEP among key populations (KPs) in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Most at Risk Populations Initiative (MARPI) clinic between November and December 2021. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling and interviewed using a structured questionnaire by trained interviewers. Participants were categorised into three groups based on their oral PrEP use: those who had not yet initiated PrEP, those who had discontinued oral PrEP, and those currently on oral PrEP. Modified Poisson regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with the participants' willingness to use LAI-PrEP. Data was analysed using STATA 14 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 234 participants, 135 (57.7%) were female, 82.5% knew about LAI-PrEP, and 65.8% were willing to use it. The mean age was 28.7 years (standard deviation [SD] 5.8). Willingness to use LAI-PrEP was less likely among divorced, widowed, or separated individuals than singles (i.e., people with no prior marital experience and neither in a romantic relationship) (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43-0.98). Relative to current oral PrEP users, willingness to use LAI-PrEP was similar among those who discontinued oral PrEP (aPR 1.39, 95% CI: 0.92-2.11) and those who had not yet initiated PrEP but were at risk for HIV (aPR 1.26, 95% CI: 0.83-1.89).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis of diverse members of KPs in Uganda revealed that the willingness to use LAI-PrEP was lower among individuals who were divorced, separated, or widowed compared to those who were single. Future studies should investigate effective methods for promoting the uptake of long-acting PrEP formulations among populations at high risk of HIV acquisition.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12374285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing syphilis screening in South Africa: efficacy of the iStatis antibody test in point-of-care settings amid reinfection challenges.","authors":"Sharana Mahomed, Savathree Madurai, Someshni Nair, Cherie Cawood, Joshua Eades, Dan Wang, Annalakshmi Subramanian","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00773-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00773-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Syphilis poses a significant threat to global health, particularly in high-risk populations and resource-limited settings. Despite progress in HIV screening, syphilis testing often lags, exacerbating disparities in healthcare delivery. This study evaluated the clinical performance of the iStatis Syphilis Antibody (Ab) Test in South African point-of-care environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,500 enrolled participants across three urban South African sites. The clinical performance of the iStatis Syphilis Antibody (Ab) Test was evaluated using three sample types: capillary blood, EDTA venous whole blood, and plasma. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The iStatis test demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance, with sensitivities of 96.40% (capillary blood), 98.80% (venous whole blood), and 99.00% (plasma), and a specificity of 100% across all sample types. A high prevalence of syphilis (33%) was identified. Notably, 90.51% of positive cases were female, and 75.7% of these women were pregnant, highlighting a vulnerable population. The study also revealed a high reinfection rate, suggesting that syphilis can recur relatively quickly post-treatment, underscoring the ongoing transmission challenge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The iStatis Syphilis Antibody Test is a highly accurate and versatile tool that detects syphilis at different stages using various sample types, making it ideal for use in settings without full laboratory access. The study highlights its potential to improve early diagnosis and control of syphilis, especially in light of high reinfection rates in South Africa. Further research is needed to assess its use in rural areas, long-term performance, and cost-effectiveness to support wider adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with interrupted pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in a Brazilian cohort: a brief communication.","authors":"Patricia Matias Pinheiro, Nathalia Pedrosa Lima, Angelica Espinosa Miranda, Valbert Oliveira Costa Filho, Igor Pacheco Fiuza Romeiro, Hermano Alexandre Lima Rocha, Wildo Navegantes de Araújo","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00785-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00785-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze factors associated with the discontinuation of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV among users in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analytical case-control study was conducted using retrospective data (2018-2020) from PrEP users monitored by Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS) via the Medicines Logistics Control System (SICLOM). Cases (interrupted PrEP, n = 629) were matched 1:10 by sex at birth and age to controls (maintained PrEP, n = 6290). Logistic regression identified factors associated with discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factors significantly associated with PrEP discontinuation included previous anal lesions (adjusted Odds Ratio: 1.92; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.06-3.28; p = 0.022), active infections within the first 30 days of PrEP (aOR: 1.51; 95% CI 1.07-2.07; p = 0.014), and frequent medication forgetfulness (aOR: 1.48; 95% CI 1.19-1.84; p < 0.001). Not experiencing adverse effects during the first month was protective (aOR: 0.73; 95% CI 0.61-0.87; p < 0.001). The median time until discontinuation was 8 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early clinical experiences and adherence behaviors are critical for PrEP continuation. Enhanced support and monitoring, particularly in the first 30 days post-initiation, are pivotal to improve PrEP persistence in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}