AIDS Research and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Determinants of HIV infection among infants born to HIV positive women receiving option B + prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in Tigray, north Ethiopia: a case control study.","authors":"Haftay Gebremedhin, Fre Gebremeskel, Gebremedhin Gebreegziabiher, Abadi Hailay Atsbaha, Gebretekle Gebremichael Hailesilase","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00755-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00755-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The option B⁺ prevention of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus is the lifelong provision of antiretroviral therapy for all human immunodeficiency virus positive pregnant and breastfeeding women regardless of immune status. In Ethiopia, the overall mother-to-child transmission rate of human immunodeficiency virus was 15.9%. This study assessed determinants of human immunodeficiency virus infection among infants born to human immunodeficiency virus positive women on option B + prevention of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in Tigray, north Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Unmatched case-control study was conducted in Tigray region from October 2023 to April 2024. A total of 43 cases and 129 controls were selected using simple random sampling technique. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify the factors associated with mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus at P < 0.05. Multicolinearity was checked among predictor variables using Variance Inflation Factor and Tolerance test. Furthermore, the goodness of fit of the logistic model was tested using Hosmer-Lemshow test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study showed that rural residence (Adjusted Odds ratio: 33.3, 95% CI: 1.02-87.05), World Health Organization disease stage III (Adjusted Odds ratio: 57.4, CI: 9.25- 297.54) and IV (Adjusted Odds ratio: 78.9, CI: 12.64-345.62) during initiation of antiretroviral therapy and a child with mouth ulcer during exclusive breastfeeding (Adjusted Odds ratio: 65, IC: 6.39-456.23) were the factors significantly associated with mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Besides, mothers' educational status (Adjusted Odds ratio: 0.2, CI: 0.04, 0.35), late time of antiretroviral therapy initiation after human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis (Adjusted Odds ratio: 0.14, CI: 0.02-0.18) and absence of human immunodeficiency virus exposed infant follow up visit (Adjusted Odds ratio: 0.04, IC: 0.005-0.09) had significant association with the mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The determinant factors significantly associated with mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus were identified. Health care providers should strengthen option B + prevention mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus services to reduce the mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3'A host genetic factors in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals in Luanda, Angola.","authors":"Cruz S Sebastião, Victor Pimentel, Domingos Jandondo, Joana M K Sebastião, Euclides Sacomboio, Marta Pingarilho, Miguel Brito, Edson Kuatelela Cassinela, Jocelyne Neto de Vasconcelos, Ana B Abecasis, Joana Morais","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00751-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00751-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a public health concern. Studies on host genetic polymorphisms that confer resistance to HIV-1 infection or delay HIV disease progression are scarce in African countries. Herein, we investigate the proportion of the mutated phenotype of the AIDS-related polymorphisms CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3'A in HIV-infected and uninfected individuals in Luanda, the capital of Angola, a sub-Saharan African country.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 284 individuals, of whom 159 were HIV-negative and 125 were HIV-positive. The CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3'A genotypes were detected by conventional PCR and visualised on 2% agarose gel. A Chi-square test determined the frequency of each genetic variant and was deemed significant when p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of CCR5-Delta32, CCR2-64I, and SDF1-3 A was 0% (0/272), 60.2% (154/256), and 42.5% (114/268), respectively. CCR2-64I and SDF1-3 A polymorphisms were statistically related to HIV infection (p < 0.001). Statistically significant was observed between ABO blood groups (p = 0.006) and HIV-1 subtype (p = 0.015) with CCR2-64I. Also, the age group (p = 0.024) and RH blood group (p = 0.018) were statistically related to the distribution of SDF1-3 A polymorphism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no CCR5-Delta32 allele, while CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A were found and presented a relationship with HIV infection, age, ABO/RH blood group, and HIV-1 subtypes. The observed associations of CCR2-64I and SDF1-3'A with HIV underscore the urgent need for further multidisciplinary research, with potential implications for targeted prevention and public health strategies. Therefore, studies investigating biological and non-biological factors related to susceptibility to HIV infection and AIDS progression or death should be conducted in Angola.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of hospital-acquired pneumonia associated with Chryseobacterium indologenes infection in a patient with HIV infection and review of the literature.","authors":"Vincenza Chiara Mazzola, Eleonora Bono, Luca Pipitò, Benedetta Romanin, Claudia Gioè, Antonio Anastasia, Sara Cannella, Roberta Virruso, Celestino Bonura, Antonio Cascio","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00749-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00749-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chryseobacterium indologenes is an opportunistic, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacillus increasingly recognized as a cause of hospital-acquired infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Although rare, its intrinsic resistance to beta-lactams and its ability to colonize medical devices pose significant therapeutic challenges.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe a case of C. indologenes hospital-acquired pneumonia in a 43-year-old HIV-positive patient with multiple comorbidities, including Kaposi sarcoma, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease requiring hemodialysis. The patient was initially admitted with fever and elevated inflammatory markers, and empirical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was initiated. Despite initial improvement, the patient developed respiratory failure, requiring oxygen therapy. A respiratory panel identified Rhinovirus, while sputum culture revealed C. indologenes, resistant to multiple antibiotics but susceptible to levofloxacin. Targeted therapy led to clinical improvement. However, the course was complicated by Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea, followed by fatal sepsis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae. Our review of the literature identified 71 reported cases, with bacteremia (51%) and pneumonia (29%) as the most common clinical presentations. Medical devices and prolonged antibiotic exposure were key risk factors. While C. indologenes is intrinsically resistant to beta-lactams and carbapenems, fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole demonstrated efficacy in most cases. Emerging therapies, such as cefiderocol, may provide additional options for multidrug-resistant strains. This case highlights the critical need for accurate microbial identification, targeted therapy, and vigilant antimicrobial stewardship to improve outcomes in vulnerable patient populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>C. indologenes infections remain rare but clinically significant in hospitalized patients with immune dysfunction. The pathogen's multidrug resistance profile complicates treatment, necessitating early identification and targeted antimicrobial therapy. Fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and cefiderocol may serve as effective treatment options, emphasizing the importance of susceptibility-guided management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the contribution of operation triple zero to HIV viral load suppression and retention among the adolescents in TASO Uganda using RE-AIM framework: a before and after implementation science study.","authors":"Bonniface Oryokot, Abraham Ignatius Oluka, David Kagimu, Yunus Miya, Saadick Mugerwa Ssentongo, Catherine Achola, Abubaker Kawuba, Twaha Mafabi, Charles Odoi, Baker Bakashaba, Kenneth Mugisha, Michael Bernard Etukoit, Eleanor Namusoke-Magongo","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00750-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00750-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) aged 10-19 years endure sub-optimal viral load suppression (VLS) and retention in care in many settings. We implemented operation triple zero (OTZ) in The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) Soroti and Mbale Centers of Excellence (COEs) to improve VLS and retention. Thus, this study evaluated the contribution of OTZ to improving both treatment outcomes among the ALHIV in the two COEs at one year.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This before and after study used Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to guide secondary data collection from the cohort of ALHIV active in care in the April-June 2022 quarter. Effectiveness was determined by computing the overall VLS rates basing on plasma RNA copies below 1000/ml while retention was based on being active in care at the end of June 2024. A self-report was used to gather fidelity data. Univariates were summarized as frequencies and proportions, Generalized Equation Estimate (GEE) to compute the effect of the model and associated factors at 95% confidence interval and P < 0.05 level of significance. Odds ratio was used to report levels of predictability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the original 533 ALHIV, 510 were considered for the post-intervention analysis, 53.1% females, mean age of 15.27 (Standard deviation = 2.15). Overall, retention at 12 months improved from 95.9 to 97.3% while VLS from 84 to 92.7% [adjusted OR 1.26 95%CI (0.61-2.61) P = 0.036]. Importantly, there was zero death in the one year of implementation. After adjusting for confounders, adolescents in the facility-based group (FBG) were more likely to be retained in care [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)7.36 95% CI (2.35-23.10) P = 0.001]. Also, multi-month dispensing [aOR 11.65 95%CI (2.93-46.34) P < 0.001] and being in FBG [aOR 9.87 95%CI (4.08-23.88) P < 0.001] and community-based models [aOR 21.96 95%CI (2.68-179.84) P = 0.004] were predictive of good VLS while poor adherence [aOR 0.02 95%CI (0.0037-0.11) P < 0.001] and being male [aOR 0.5 95%CI (0.27-0.91) p = 0.024] were predictors of poor VLS. Fidelity was good, at 80%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OTZ contributed to improved VLS in the setting possibly due to fidelity of enhanced implementation of adolescent friendly health services. We encourage OTZ adaptation in similar settings to strengthen improvements in VLS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12093733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional and national burden of HIV/AIDS among individuals aged 15-79 from 1990 to 2021.","authors":"Yuanfang Chen, An-Dong Li, Yizhou Yang, Jing Lu, Yu Xu, Xinyu Ji, Liting Wu, Lei Han, Baoli Zhu, Ming Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00745-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00745-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS persists as a global health challenge despite significant advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART). The transformation of HIV into a chronic condition, coupled with regional disparities and evolving epidemiological trends, necessitates an updated analysis of the disease burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive analysis of HIV/AIDS burden among individuals aged 15-79 years from 1990 to 2021 using the latest data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 database. Multiple statistical approaches were employed to investigate temporal trends, geographic variations, and health inequalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, global HIV/AIDS age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) decreased by 41%, while age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR), mortality rates (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life year rates increased by 222%, 57%, and 59%, respectively. Sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated the highest HIV/AIDS ASPR in 2021, with High-middle and Middle SDI regions, particularly Oceania, South Asia, and Eastern Europe, experiencing the most significant ASPR growth over three decades. Joinpoint analysis identified 1997 and 2015 as critical years for ASIR declines, and 2004 for ASMR reductions. Decomposition analysis revealed population growth as the primary driver of increasing incidence in lower SDI regions, while epidemiological changes were more influential in higher SDI areas. The age-period-cohort model showed peak HIV/AIDS incidence among individuals aged 25-34, with diminishing incidence risk across successive birth cohorts and periods. Health inequality analysis from 1990 to 2021 revealed a substantial widening of disparities across countries, with the slope index of inequality rising from 265 to 1006.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While global efforts have reduced HIV/AIDS incidence, increasing prevalence due to extended survival with antiretroviral therapy presents ongoing challenges. Regional disparities and rising incidence among specific demographics underscore the need for sustained, targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12057008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of dolutegravir-based treatment among HIV/AIDS patients in Nkembo Outpatient Treatment Center, Gabon.","authors":"Christian Mangala, Rolf Moukanda-Ifoundou, Denis Maulot-Bangola, Alain Moutsinga, Christian Mombo-Maganga, Serge Christian Okolongo-Mayani, Brice Ongali, Guy Joseph Lemamy, Rachyda Massolou-Outata","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00744-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00744-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV/AIDS therapy continues to make an enormous contribution to improving the well-being of HIV/AIDS patients globally. In Gabon, dolutegravir is administered to HIV/AIDS patients from first-line treatment. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness rate of dolutegravir-based treatment among HIV/AIDS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients who started antiretroviral treatment since 48 weeks of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effectiveness rate of dolutegravir-based treatment was 85.1%. HIV/AIDS patients with a CD4 + count below 200 cel/mm³, singles, and HIV/AIDS patients whose treatment duration exceeded 12 months were at risk and likely to have an active infection (P = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dolutegravir-based treatment remains effective among HIV/AIDS patients treated at the Nkembo Outpatient Treatment Center.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of short message service reminders or peer home visits on adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral load suppression among HIV-Infected adolescents in Cameroon: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Alice Ketchaji, Joseph Fokam, Felix Assah, Francis Ateba, Martial Lantche Wandji, Joelle Nounouce Bouba Pamen, Godfroy Rostant Pokam Djoko, Cedric Dylan Nana Seugnou, Emmanuel Kah, Alain Fouda Atangana, Jerome Ateudjieu","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00746-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00746-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and viral load suppression (VLS) constitute one of the key challenges to control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), especially during adolescence. This trial aimed at assessing the impact of short message services (SMS) or peer home visits (PHV) on adherence to ART and VL suppression among adolescents living with HIV (ALWHIV) in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted from July 2018 to February 2019 at the Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation in Yaounde. Eligible ALWHIV (15-19 years), with a fully disclosed HIV status, with availability of phone and guardian's consent, were randomly assigned to receive either daily SMS or bi-weekly PHV for a six-months period. The control-group received standard of care according to the national guidelines. Study investigators and participants were not blinded to the interventions group allocation, and no adverse events or side effects were observed. Adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the impact of interventions on outcomes. The study was approved by The Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry with PACTR201904582515723 at ( www.pactr.org ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to ART increased in the PHV (aRR: 4.3; 95% CI: 2.2-8.3; p < 0.001) and SMS (aRR: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.1-5.3; p < 0.001) groups compared to the control-group. Likewise, VL suppression was higher in PHV (aRR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.9-7.5 p < 0.001) and SMS (aRR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.8-5.4; p < 0.001) groups compared to the control-group. Based on CI, both interventions showed similar benefits on improving adherence and VLS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among ALHIV, SMS or PHV contribute substantially to improving adherence and VL suppression among ALWHIV. Implementing such strategies would support efforts in eliminating pediatric AIDS in low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12046915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural adaptation of clinic-based pediatric hiv status disclosure intervention with task shifting in Eastern Uganda.","authors":"Joseph Kirabira, Janet Nakigudde, Keng-Yen Huang, Scholastic Ashaba, Harriet Nambuya, Yesim Tozan, Lawrence H Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00743-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00743-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV status disclosure remains a major challenge among children living with perinatally acquired HIV with many taking treatment up to adolescence without knowing their serostatus. This non-disclosure is influenced by factors like fear of the negative consequences of disclosure. Since HIV status disclosure has been found to have good effects including improving treatment adherence and better mental health outcomes, there is a need to design interventions aimed at improving disclosure rates among children living with HIV. This study aims at adapting a clinic-based pediatric HIV status disclosure intervention and tasking shifting from healthcare workers to caregiver peer supporters in Eastern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The adaptation process involved consultations with caregivers, healthcare workers involved in the care of children living with HIV, researchers in this field, intervention developers, and other experts and stakeholders. This was done through conducting FGDs with HCWs, caregivers, and peer supporters and consultations with researchers in the field of HIV. The original intervention manual was translated to Lusoga which is the commonly spoken dialect in this region. Collected qualitative data were analyzed using an inductive approach to develop themes and subthemes. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before participation in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 participants were involved in the FGDs, while two pediatricians and two HIV researchers/specialists were consulted. Six themes were generated in relation to all suggested changes to the original manual which were related to: (1) sociocultural beliefs/norms/perceptions (5 FGDs), (2) boosting caregiver's confidence for disclosure (5FGDs), (3) disclosure mode, environment, and person (4 FGDs), (4) health facility/system related changes (3 FGDs), (5) reorganization/paraphrasing (3FGDs) and (6) age appropriateness (2FGDs).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasized that whereas some aspects of intervention can apply to various contexts, there is a need for cross-cultural adaptation of interventions before being implemented in settings where they were not developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bibliometric analysis of HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants from 1999 to 2024.","authors":"Chang Yan, Fengting Yu, Mengying Li, Xiaojie Yang, Rui Sun, Xuelei Liang, Xiaojie Lao, Hanxi Zhang, Wenhao Lv, Ying Hu, Yuan Lai, Yi Ding, Fujie Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00739-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-025-00739-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy has become an international trend, necessitating lifelong medication for all HIV patients. Sanger sequencing, as the gold standard for clinically detecting HIV drug resistance, often fails to detect mutations comprising less than 20% of the total viral population. With the advancement of detection technologies, HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants have garnered increasing attention. Few studies have analyzed the hotspots and trends in this field, which bibliometrics can effectively address.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publications related to HIV-1 DRMinVs from 1999 to 2024 were searched on the Web of Science Core Collection database. Visual knowledge maps and bibliometric analyses were generated using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 289 publications concerning HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants were identified from 1999 to 2024, demonstrating a steady increase in publication output over the years. Although developed countries, led by the United States, are the main contributors, 9.57% and 2.48% of the research from the top five publishing countries focus on populations in Africa and other developing countries, respectively. Most contributing institutions are universities and public health organizations, with the University of Washington having the highest publication output. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy holds the highest prominence among journals in this domain. The main hotspots include \"drug classes,\" \"drug resistance surveillance,\" \"mother-to-child transmission,\" \"treatment outcomes,\" and \"targets of HIV-1 drug resistance testing,\" And we found several noteworthy shifts in research trends in HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants studies, including changes in drug resistance testing technologies, the primary study population, and drug classes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first bibliometric analysis of publications related to HIV-1 DRMinVs from 1999 to 2024. We analyzed the key research contributions across countries, institutions and journals. Based on keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis, we identified several noteworthy shifts in research trends in HIV-1 DRMinVs studies, including changes in drug resistance testing technologies, the primary study population, and drug classes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11984210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term metabolic changes with bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide or dolutegravir-containing regimens for HIV.","authors":"Eric S Daar, Chloe Orkin, Paul E Sax, Debbie Hagins, Anton Pozniak, Kimberly Workowski, Cynthia Brinson, Juan Manuel Tiraboschi, Hui Liu, Chris Deaton, Cal Cohen, Sharline Madera, Jason T Hindman, Moti Ramgopal","doi":"10.1186/s12981-025-00732-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12981-025-00732-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate long-term changes in weight and metabolic parameters in people with HIV-1 (PWH) initiating first-line antiretroviral therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analysis of two Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trials (1489: NCT02607930; 1490: NCT02607956). PWH received bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) or dolutegravir (DTG)-based treatment (Study 1489: dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine [DTG/ABC/3TC]; Study 1490: DTG + F/TAF) for 144 weeks, followed by B/F/TAF (96-week open-label extension up to Week 240). Weight and metabolic parameters were assessed through Week 144 by randomized treatment assignment. Weight changes by baseline viral load and CD4 count were evaluated in PWH receiving B/F/TAF from baseline through Week 240. Multivariate modeling explored baseline factors associated with absolute weight and weight change through Week 240 and weight gain ≥ 10% at Week 240.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median weight and body mass index (BMI) increased over time with B/F/TAF (n = 628), DTG/ABC/3TC (n = 315), and DTG + F/TAF (n = 325). There were no significant differences in change in weight or BMI between the B/F/TAF and DTG + F/TAF groups or between the B/F/TAF and DTG/ABC/3TC groups at Week 144 in either trial, nor were there differences in other metabolic parameters, including incidence of treatment-emergent diabetes mellitus and hypertension through Week 144. Among PWH receiving B/F/TAF (baseline through Week 240), weight increases were greatest soon after initiating antiretroviral therapy (i.e., Weeks 0-48), particularly in participants with baseline viral load > 100,000 copies/ml and/or CD4 count < 200 cells/µl. In multivariate modeling (B/F/TAF pooled data), lower baseline CD4 count and higher HIV-1 RNA were associated with lower baseline weight and greater weight gain, but not absolute weight, from Week 48 through Week 240.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No significant difference in weight change from baseline to Week 144 was found between bictegravir and DTG, or between B/F/TAF and a non-TAF-containing regimen, in these two randomized trials. Furthermore, weight gain following treatment initiation was greatest in the first year of treatment and most pronounced in individuals with more advanced HIV at baseline, supporting the hypothesis that weight gain following initial treatment is linked to a \"return to health\" in people with advanced HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7503,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}