PLOS global public health最新文献

{"title":"Children, caregivers and health workers' perceptions and experiences of the XTEMP-R tool to improve tuberculosis treatment.","authors":"Dillon T Wademan, Willdon J Filander, Mfundo Mlomzale, Ntokozo Sibisi, Cyril Thwala, Phumlani Memela, Nosivuyile Vanqa, Megan Palmer, Tina Sachs, Munira Khan, Rajneesh Taneja, Poonam Pande, Koteswara Rao Inabathina, Anneke C Hesseling, Anthony J Garcia-Prats, Graeme Hoddinott","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005269","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treating drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in children remains a significant challenge for patients, caregivers, and health systems, despite advances in child-friendly drug formulations. While new formulations offer benefits, their widespread availability is limited, and many exhibit poor palatability. A key strategy to improve administration and mask the taste of paediatric TB medications involves creating extemporaneous suspensions. However, this often requires pharmaceutical services not readily available in high-burden settings. To address this, the Global Alliance for TB Drug Development (TB Alliance) developed XTEMP-R, an inexpensive prototype tool designed to facilitate home-based preparation of liquid TB medication suspensions. This study explored the experiences and perceptions of children, their caregivers, and health workers regarding the XTEMP-R tool for preparing extemporaneous DR-TB treatment suspensions. We collected qualitative data from two sites in South Africa. The first component involved interviews with 17 caregivers and 12 health workers, followed by focus group discussions, with participants directly interacting with the XTEMP-R tool. The second component comprised 31 interviews with 11 caregivers of 13 children who used the XTEMP-R tool for home administration. Case descriptions were iteratively refined and analyzed using deductive thematic analysis. Findings indicate that children, caregivers, and health workers found the XTEMP-R tool easy to use, clean, and store, appreciating its appealing color and durability. Home users reported that the tool simplified treatment preparation and administration, reducing time and relational burdens associated with DR-TB treatment. While XTEMP-R effectively addressed usability challenges related to drug preparation, fundamental obstacles concerning medication palatability, nausea, and side effects remain significant barriers. Importantly, the tool appeared to foster increased treatment responsibility among some children, suggesting a potential pathway to improve therapeutic engagement and agency. This research underscores the XTEMP-R tool's potential to ease paediatric DR-TB treatment and highlights crucial areas for design refinement, ultimately aiming to enhance adherence and overall outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0005269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12507288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What combination of interventions can optimise HIV prevention for adolescent girls and young women? Cohort analysis of DREAMS participation in urban and rural Kenya.","authors":"Faith Magut, Sarah Mulwa, Annabelle Gourlay, Vivienne Kamire, Jane Osindo, Elvis O A Wambiya, Moses Otieno, Elona Toska, Jane Ferguson, Brendan Maughan-Brown, Daniel Kwaro, Abdhalah Ziraba, Isolde Birdthistle, Sian Floyd","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005272","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comprehensive intervention packages are recommended to address multiple sources of HIV risk for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). DREAMS is a multi-component HIV prevention program designed to reduce HIV incidence among AGYW. We conducted a prospective cohort study among AGYW aged 13-22 years, randomly selected in rural Gem and urban Nairobi informal settlements followed from 2017/2018-2019. AGYW were classified into three groups: (1) invited to DREAMS and received a \"complete\" package, (2) invited and received a \"partial\" package, or (3) not invited to DREAMS. We defined the \"complete\" package as 4-5 primary interventions in Gem and 5 in Nairobi: the \"partial\" package as 3 specific interventions in Gem and any 3-4 interventions in Nairobi. We used propensity score-adjusted logistic regression to estimate the causal effect of DREAMS on outcomes under three counterfactual scenarios: all AGYW accessed the complete package, all accessed a partial package, or none were invited. In Nairobi, 1081 AGYW were enrolled. By 2019, 26% accessed the complete package and 32% accessed the partial package. Among those receiving the complete package, there was increase in HIV status knowledge(24.8% [95%CI:16.4,32.6]),social support(13.9% [95%CI:3.3,23.6]) and self-efficacy(10.3% [95%CI:0.5,20.4]) and a decrease in the proportion with ≥2 lifetime partners(-8.0% [95%CI:-15.9,0.0]). In Gem, 1171 AGYW were enrolled. By 2019, 24% received the complete package and 21% received the partial package. We found evidence of an increase in HIV status knowledge(10.0% [95%CI:4.5,15.2]), social support(27.2% [95%CI:19.2,35.5]) and a decrease in condomless sex(-9.1% [95%CI:-13.6,-4.1]), and the proportion with ≥2 lifetime partners(-7.6% [95%CI:-12.4,-2.2]) for the complete package. Among those receiving the partial package, there was a decrease in condomless sex(-12.2% [95%CI: -17.0,-6.4]), and an increase in self-efficacy(8.0% [95%CI:0.0,17]). A package of 4-5 primary DREAMS interventions had positive impacts on multiple HIV-related outcomes in both settings. A partial package was effective in Gem, but not in Nairobi, suggesting the need for context-specific intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0005272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global variation of low bone mineral density in special olympics adult athletes with intellectual and developmental disability-A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mary Pittaway, John P Hanley, Andrew E Lincoln, Alicia M Dixon-Ibarra, John T Foley","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005125","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) face a high risk of low bone mineral density (LBMD), a key osteoporosis indicator, yet global data remains limited. Understanding LBMD prevalence among adults with IDD is crucial for targeted public health interventions. This study examines LBMD variations in Special Olympics athletes, stratified by age, sex, and World Health Organization (WHO) global region, and explores bone mineral density (BMD) levels achieved during peak bone mass (PBM) age (20-29 years). This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 25,868 Special Olympics athletes (20 + years) screened in Healthy Athletes between 2011-2023. BMD testing was conducted by licensed clinicians, and institutional review board approval was obtained to use this deidentified data. BMD was assessed via Quantitative Ultrasound, and WHO criteria classified T-score status. LBMD prevalence (<-1.0 T-score) was examined across age, sex, and global regions. Chi-square, rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals, and binomial logistic regression were calculated to analyze LBMD and PBM across age, WHO regions, and sex. Overall, 26.9% had LBMD, with similar prevalence in males (27.3%) and females (26.3%). LBMD increased annually by 1.43% in males and 2.50% in females. Highest LBMD prevalence was seen in Eastern Mediterranean females (52.4%) and Southeast Asian males (48.7%) and females (45.5%). Alarmingly, 54.9% failed to achieve optimal BMD (≥0.0) before age 30, with 24.4% of 20-29-year-olds already having LBMD. These findings highlight the need for early interventions, including nutrition, weight-bearing exercise, and routine screening, to improve bone health and reduce healthcare costs in adults with IDD. Policymakers must prioritize bone health initiatives to address disparities and enhance lifelong skeletal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0005125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effects of air cushions on body pressure distribution and thermal insulation in evacuation shelters: A randomized controlled crossover study.","authors":"Seiji Hamanishi, Shinsuke Sasaki","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005259","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In large-scale disasters such as the anticipated Nankai Trough Earthquake, millions of evacuees are expected to remain in shelters, often sleeping on cold, hard floors in classrooms and gymnasiums, contributing to musculoskeletal pain and sleep disruption. While cardboard beds have been employed since the Great East Japan Earthquake due to their rapid mass-production capability, municipalities are not required to stockpile them, and many were unable to provide sufficient quantities during the Kumamoto Earthquake. Furthermore, the large size and weight of these beds complicate timely delivery, and their use alone provides only limited body pressure distribution. Consequently, there is concern that large-scale disasters will result in a severe shortage of appropriate bedding. This study aimed to determine whether air cushions can provide sufficient body pressure distribution and thermal insulation to serve as practical floor mats in evacuation shelters. Twenty healthy adults were enrolled in this randomized controlled crossover trial. Participants were instructed to lie on an air cushion, a urethane pad, and a plastic sheet, during which body pressure distribution was evaluated. Subjective perceptions of firmness and comfort were assessed using a numeric rating scale, and thermal insulation properties were evaluated by measuring surface temperature changes when each material was placed over a cooling gel pack. Compared with plastic sheets, the air cushion reduced mean body pressure by over 20% and increased contact area by more than 30%, with improvements exceeding those observed for urethane pads. Participants rated air cushions as significantly less firm and more comfortable than urethane pads. The air cushion also demonstrated thermal insulation comparable to urethane pads. These findings suggest that air cushions could serve as practical emergency floor mats in evacuation shelters, complementing cardboard beds and potentially reducing musculoskeletal strain and sleep disturbances in disaster settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0005259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12500142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of stroke in young adults in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Salma Hegazi, Roaa Aly, Duaa Yousif, Salma Al-Nuaimi, Amgad Mohammed Elshoeibi, Elhassan Mahmoud, Abdalla Moustafa Elsayed, Tawanda Chivese","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004666","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Registration: </strong>The protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registration ID. CRD42024504772.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0004666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12500109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uptake of iron and folic acid supplements among pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.","authors":"Careen E Koka, Saida Bakari, Belinda J Njiro, Bruno F Sunguya","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005278","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anemia in pregnancy is a public health concern globally with the highest prevalence observed in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Tanzania is no exception. Iron and folic acid supplements (IFAS) intake is a proven intervention recommended to prevent anemia in pregnancy. Despite interventions in Tanzania, IFAS uptake has remained low due to reasons that are not well documented. This study aimed to assess the uptake and determinants of IFAS during pregnancy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted to assess levels and determinants of IFAS uptake during pregnancy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Data was collected among 428 women post-delivery in postnatal wards of Temeke, Mwananyamala, and Amana regional referral hospitals. Descriptive analyses were conducted to determine levels and characteristics of IFAS uptake, whereas bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to examine determinants of uptake using SPSS version 23. Among the study participants, only 136 (31.8%) pregnant women who attended antenatal care (ANC) at referral hospitals had adequate IFAS uptake. Primiparous women were 74% less likely to achieve adequate IFAS uptake compared to multiparous women (aOR=0.26; 95% CI: 0.10 - 0.67). Women who attended five or more ANC visits (aOR=11.7; 95%CI: 1.30 - 63.66) and those from wealthier households (aOR=11.68; 95% CI: 2.91 - 89.57) were about 12 times more likely to achieve adequate IFAS uptake. Similarly, women from food-secure households had a ninefold higher likelihood of adequate uptake compared to those from severely food-insecure households (aOR=9.21; 95% CI: 1.82 - 10.33). Only one in three pregnant women attending regional referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam achieved adequate IFAS uptake to prevent anemia. Targeted interventions are urgently needed, particularly among pregnant women with higher parity, fewer ANC visits, and those facing economic hardship, food insecurity, and challenging family support.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0005278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12500133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recording vaccine doses administered: A global analysis of tally sheet design for infant and child immunizations.","authors":"Ariel Higgins-Steele, Stephanie Shendale, Jan Grevendonk, Marta Gacic-Dobo, M Carolina Danovaro-Holliday","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004973","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most countries use tally sheets across immunization programmes for health workers to mark vaccine doses administered to every person, alongside home-based records, yet their design and use is poorly understood at the global level. This paper presents a multi-country analysis on routine childhood immunization tally sheet content and design sourced from the annual electronic WHO/UNICEF Joint Reporting Form on Immunization (eJRF), which collected these forms for the first time in 2024 (for 2023). Of the total submissions (N = 71) of tally sheets by reporting entities, 51 submissions met the criteria for inclusion as a valid tally sheet allowing for data extraction. The 51 tally sheets were from countries and territories across all six regions of the World Health Organization (WHO) and all four World Bank income classifications. Analysis showed heterogeneity in immunization tally sheet design, core data fields, and the extent to which the available tally sheets aligned with globally recommendations found in recent vaccine-specific and programmatic guidance related to catch-up vaccination. As national immunization programmes and vaccination schedules protect against more diseases, and thereby become more complex, fit-for-purpose tally sheet design and instructions as well as support mechanisms for health workers on tally sheet use are essential, similar to what is recommended for home-based records.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0004973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12500165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with modern contraceptive use among sexually active youths attending secondary schools in Mbale City, Uganda.","authors":"Mary Abwola Olwedo, Nelson Bunani","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005122","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual and reproductive health of youths constitutes a significant public health challenge because of the high risk for morbidity and mortality. There is low uptake of modern contraceptives among the sexually active youths despite availability. We investigated the factors associated with the uptake of modern contraceptives among youths attending secondary schools in Mbale City. This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 2,690 students from six purposively selected high-volume secondary schools in Mbale City. Data were collected using a validated semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with modern contraceptive use. The factors associated with modern contraceptive were stratified by sex. Statistical significance was set at 5% confidence level. Out of 2690 participants, 38.0% were sexually active. The proportion of sexually active participants who had ever used modern contraceptives was 60.9%. Factors associated with modern contraceptive use among male participants were not knowing the fertility days of the female (AOR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.32-0.77; p = 0.002) and not receiving health education from a health worker (AOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.30-0.64; p < 0.001). Among females, factors associated with modern contraceptive use were knowledge of fertility days (AOR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.18-0.85; p = 0.018), history of abortion (AOR = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.02-0.62; p = 0.014), and receiving health education from a health worker (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.22-0.59; p < 0.001). Modern contraceptive use was low compared to the national average, with knowledge of fertility days and health education significantly influencing uptake. Among males, lack of fertility knowledge and absence of health education were associated with low use of modern contraceptives. Among females, knowledge of fertility, history of abortion, and health education were key factors. Strengthening school-based sexuality education and increasing health worker-led reproductive health counselling can improve modern contraceptive knowledge and uptake, with gender-specific interventions needed to address barriers to access and use.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0005122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing a multilevel, multicomponent intervention to engage fathers in complementary feeding in Northern Nigeria: Perceptions of deliverers and recipients.","authors":"Diana Allotey, Valerie L Flax, Abiodun F Ipadeola, Sarah Kwasu, Beamlak Worku, Keerti Kalluru, Rami Imam, Angela M Stover, Sujata Bose, Stephanie L Martin","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005214","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Alive & Thrive multilevel, multicomponent intervention to engage fathers in complementary feeding in Kaduna State, Nigeria previously showed significant increases in complementary feeding practices for children. This analysis explores the perceptions of intervention deliverers and recipients to inform future spread. The intervention components included counseling cards, home visits, feeding bowls, texts/prerecorded messages, posters, leaflets, sermon guides, talking points, radio and television spots. In-depth interviews (24) were conducted with intervention deliverers (community health extension workers, community and religious leaders) and focus group discussions (16) with recipients (parents of children 6-23 months) from 6 rural and urban wards. Participants were purposively sampled; parents were not selected as couples. Eligibility for CHEWs and CRLs included being ≥ 18 years and having participated in intervention implementation. Eligibility for parents included being ≥18 years (or married mothers 15-17 years), having a biological child 6-23 months, and receiving the intervention. Transcripts were coded descriptively in Atlas.ti and the results were mapped to the domains and constructs of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research 2.0. For the innovation domain, intervention deliverers and recipients reported high acceptability and appropriateness of the intervention components. For the outer domain, the intervention was perceived to be influenced by values and beliefs (fathers' roles as providers), systemic conditions (economic hardships), and critical incidents (COVID-19). The intervention was also influenced by relational connections, compatibility, intervention deliverers and recipients, teaming, tailoring strategies and engaging for the domains of inner setting, individuals, and implementation process, respectively. For implementation strategies, intervention deliverers liked the training and monthly meetings where they shared experiences and problem solved. The Alive & Thrive intervention in Kaduna State, Nigeria was acceptable, appropriate, and feasible for intervention deliverers and recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0005214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A generic model of life satisfaction: The case study of parkrun.","authors":"Steve Haake, Andy Hext, Charlotte Benkowitz","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005065","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0005065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkrun is a free, weekly, timed 5 km run or walk with the aim of creating 'a healthier, happier planet'. The aim of this study is to use a survey of parkrun to create a model of life satisfaction that can be used by other initiatives seeking (1) to evaluate them using the WELLBY approach, and (2) to create logic models for change in life satisfaction. A cross-sectional survey was sent in autumn 2024-967,478 UK parkrunners producing 78,662 responses. A model was hypothesised and tested using non-linear multiple stepwise regression analysis. Health status was found to have a very large non-linear effect on life satisfaction, primarily related to mental health. Life satisfaction was moderated by age, time registered with parkrun, gender, activity level and index of multiple deprivation. Change in activity level following parkrun participation was found to have a small effect, while the number of runs or walks completed per person had a very small effect. Estimated economic benefits of parkrun to the UK economy were estimated to be £668m. This included £75m for the number of runs or walks completed (£1.92 per run or walk per person), £132m for the increase in activity after participation, and £463m for an estimated improvement to health status of 3% (found in a previous study). The benefit-cost ratio was 53:1 if the estimated increase to health status was included and 16:1 if it was ignored. In terms of health promotion, the model suggested that life satisfaction could be increased most by focussing on sub-populations in the following order: those with very poor, poor and fair health status; those in early middle age; the least active; males; and those from deprived neighbourhoods. Finally, a protocol was described to allow initiatives to create their own simple logic models and their own evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 10","pages":"e0005065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}