PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Association of community welfare resources and outpatient occupational therapy with psychiatric length of stay: A nationwide analysis in Japan.","authors":"Junya Orui, Keigo Shiraiwa, Saiji Nishida, Takao Inoue, Keiko Yamada, Yasuo Naito, Ryouhei Ishii","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Japan maintains exceptionally high psychiatric bed numbers and long hospitalization durations compared to global standards. This study examined prefecture-level associations between psychiatric bed supply, occupational therapy (OT) provision, and community welfare resources, and the average length of stay (ALOS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional ecological analysis utilizing the 10th National Database of Health Insurance Claims (NDB) Open Data and government hospital statistics from fiscal year 2023. Dataset aggregation covered all 47 prefectures. We calculated standardized indicators per 100,000 population for psychiatric bed density, inpatient and outpatient OT claims, and community-based disability welfare facilities. Standardized multivariate regression modeling was employed to identify variables independently associated with ALOS, strictly evaluating the contributions of regional medical and welfare systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis identified that psychiatric bed density was most strongly associated with longer ALOS, which is consistent with the supply-induced demand hypothesis. Crucially, however, the regression model revealed that higher utilization rates of outpatient OT and a greater density of community-based welfare facilities were significantly and independently associated with shorter ALOS. Conversely, the volume of inpatient OT provision did not demonstrate a significant independent effect on shortening hospital stays in the adjusted model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At the prefectural level, psychiatric bed density was independently associated with longer ALOS, whereas outpatient OT utilization and community-based welfare facility density were independently associated with shorter ALOS. These findings suggest that community-based therapeutic and welfare resources may be relevant to shorter hospital stays, although causal inference is limited by the cross-sectional ecological design.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent-child discrepancies in screening for Internet Gaming Disorder: Evidence from a clinical sample of Japanese adolescents.","authors":"Masaru Tateno, Takaki Shimode, Koki Ono, Ryotaro Shimomura, Eri Shiraishi, Kotaro Nanba, Yukie Tateno, Ayumi Takano","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Questionnaire-based screening tools for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) are widely used in clinical and epidemiological research. However, discrepancies between child self-reports and parent reports may complicate the interpretation of screening results, particularly when cutoff-based classifications are applied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 58 adolescents (aged 10-18 years) attending child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinics and their parents. Gaming-related problems were assessed using parallel screening instruments: the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale for Children (IGDS-C) and the Parental version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (PIGDS). Parent-child agreement was examined using dimensional analyses (Pearson's correlation), paired comparisons (paired <i>t</i>-test with Wilcoxon signed-rank test as a sensitivity analysis), and categorical agreement indices (concordance rate, Cohen's <i>κ</i>, and McNemar's test) based on the conventional cutoff score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parent- and child-reported IGDS scores were moderately correlated (<i>r</i> = 0.61, <i>p</i> < 0.001), indicating substantial dimensional concordance. However, parents reported significantly higher IGDS scores than children (mean difference = -1.09, <i>p</i> < 0.001), a finding confirmed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Categorical agreement based on cutoff-based screening classifications was low (<i>κ</i> = 0.16), with most discordant cases reflecting parent-positive and child-negative classifications. McNemar's test demonstrated a significant asymmetry in these discrepancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although parent and child IGDS scores demonstrate meaningful dimensional concordance, the application of fixed cutoff-based screening classifications substantially reduces agreement, a pattern that may reflect differences in evaluative thresholds between informants. These findings highlight limitations of relying solely on self-reported cutoff-based measures and underscore the need for multi-informant, dimensional approaches when interpreting IGD screening results in youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet gaming disorder symptoms and functional impairment in a non-clinical sample of adolescents and young adults in Japan.","authors":"Masaru Tateno, Akira Imamura, Takeshi Inoue, Takanobu Matsuzaki, Daisuke Jitoku","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Factors associated with suicidal ideation in junior high school students with autism spectrum disorder in Japan: A cross-sectional observational study\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.70272.].</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying hub functions and collaboration patterns in hikikomori support networks: A nationwide cross-sectional study.","authors":"Masahide Usami, Yuki Mizumoto, Kumi Inazaki, Yuki Hakoshima, Kotoe Itagaki, Keita Yamamoto, Tetsushi Tsujimoto, Masao Yamasaki, Kazuhiko Saito","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Hikikomori, a condition involving prolonged social withdrawal, has become a major public health and social challenge in Japan and many countries. While support institutions are essential for reaching this population, little is known about how their organizational characteristics influence collaboration with other services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey of 1024 hikikomori-related support institutions in Japan between February and March 2021. Institutions were classified using K-means cluster analysis based on staff size, collaboration count, and case volume. Multiple regression models assessed associations between these attributes and levels of external collaboration with health and welfare organizations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three distinct institutional clusters were identified. Institutions serving more diverse populations showed higher levels of interorganizational collaboration; a lean, outreach-oriented \"Collaborative Core\" subgroup exhibited the strongest external engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Structural features such as diversity, functional capacity, and outreach orientation were associated with network collaboration. Policymakers and administrators should consider these structural attributes when designing inclusive and coordinated public mental health services for socially withdrawn populations. The proposed framework may serve as a model for similar contexts across countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12949849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome in psychiatric settings: Context-dependent diagnostic bias and consultation-liaison psychiatry practice.","authors":"Kyohei Otani, Nobuyasu Imbe, Ryota Shindo, Shigekazu Kitamura","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a potentially life-threatening neurological condition characterized by thunderclap headaches and multifocal cerebral arterial vasoconstriction resolving within 3 months. Context-dependent diagnostic bias in psychiatric settings may delay recognition of life-threatening conditions including RCVS.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 52-year-old Japanese woman with bipolar II disorder stable on lithium developed recurrent thunderclap headaches 9 days after mild COVID-19 infection. Headaches were consistently triggered by hot showers, reached maximal intensity within seconds, and were described as the worst headache of her life. Initial neurosurgical evaluation included non-contrast head CT but attributed symptoms to tension-type headache without vascular imaging. The patient, dissatisfied with this explanation, sought re-evaluation through our psychiatry outpatient clinic. Psychiatric consultation identified characteristic RCVS features, prompting urgent referral to a headache specialist. Magnetic resonance angiography on Day 31 revealed multifocal segmental vasoconstriction confirming RCVS. Calcium channel blocker treatment led to complete symptom resolution with radiological resolution confirmed at Day 100.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case illustrates how context-dependent diagnostic bias can dangerously delay RCVS recognition in psychiatric settings. Thunderclap headache warrants immediate neuroimaging regardless of psychiatric comorbidity. Psychiatric consultation enabled appropriate diagnosis through collaborative evaluation with specialist neurology, underscoring the essential role of consultation-liaison psychiatry at the medical-psychiatric interface.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe self-limiting acute bilateral hearing loss following a low dose of methylphenidate for ADHD treatment: A case report.","authors":"Atefeh Zandifar, Rahim Badrfam","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asenapine for delirium in patients with cancer: A scoping review.","authors":"Tetsuro Ishida, Makoto Kobayakawa, Jun Kako, Yoshinobu Matsuda, Ryoichi Sadahiro, Hitoshi Tanimukai","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.70307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This scoping review mapped the existing literature on the application of asenapine for delirium management in patients with cancer, including prevention and treatment, while summarizing current research trends. The review followed the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. PubMed and Ichushi-Web were searched on June 30, 2025, using the keywords \"asenapine,\" \"delirium,\" and \"cancer.\" Eligible studies included reports on asenapine management for delirium in patients with cancer. Two reviewers independently screened records and extracted data. Among the six records identified, three studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Two of these were retrospective observational studies, and one was a case report. One retrospective study described six terminally ill patients treated with sublingual asenapine, showing marked improvement in agitation, as measured using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale. The other study analyzed 20 patients with advanced cancer and reported reductions in the Agitation Distress Scale scores, particularly among those with poor performance status. Moreover, this case report highlighted the successful use of sublingual asenapine in a patient with aphagia unresponsive to other antipsychotic agents. Across the studies, asenapine was generally well-tolerated, with one suspected dysarthria and no serious adverse events. The current evidence is limited in quantity and quality, and no preventive studies were identified. While preliminary findings suggest that sublingual asenapine may be useful and well-tolerated for treating delirium in patients with cancer, further high-quality studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of marked improvement in pareidolia in untreated schizophrenia following antipsychotic treatment.","authors":"Tomonobu Kato, Eiichi Seki, Tadanori Kumasaka, Takashi Tsujii, Daiki Mochizuki, Hisashi Kida, Shigeru Nikkuni, Masafumi Mizuno, Kei Sakuma","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70306","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pareidolia, the tendency to perceive meaningful images within ambiguous visual patterns, is commonly observed in neurodegenerative disorders and schizophrenia. Owing to the limited number of studies, the characteristics of pareidolia accompanying schizophrenia remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present the case of an 85-year-old woman with untreated schizophrenia for nearly 60 years, in whom pareidolia was observed. On evaluation using the Noise Pareidolia Test, the patient initially scored 16/40 correct responses, 24/40 pareidolic responses, and 0/8 misses. After antipsychotic treatment with 15 mg of olanzapine or 24 mg of aripiprazole, pareidolia completely disappeared. However, during the treatment course, pareidolia recurred when the antipsychotic dose was reduced owing to a medication switch.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even in schizophrenia with an insufficient response to pharmacotherapy, pareidolia may still demonstrate treatment responsiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12933251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147313312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between depression, anxiety, and disability in patients with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study from western Iran.","authors":"Nazanin Razazian, Mohamad Safaei, Fayeq Bazyar, Dariush Afshari, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi, Milad MohamadYari, Mansour Rezaei, Negin Fakhri, Kianoosh Khamooshian","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.70305","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.70305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system often accompanied by psychological comorbidities such as depression and anxiety, which may aggravate physical disability. This study aimed to assess the relationship between depression, anxiety, and disability among patients with MS in western Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 180 MS patients attending the Boustan MS Clinic in Kermanshah, Iran. Participants completed the Persian versions of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Disability was evaluated using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation and stepwise multiple regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 41.33 ± 9.09 years, and 75% were female. The mean EDSS score was 3.28 ± 1.56, BDI score 19.87 ± 10.21, and BAI score 13.28 ± 9.96. Depression and anxiety were significantly correlated with disability (<i>r</i> = 0.404 and <i>r</i> = 0.399, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and with each other (<i>r</i> = 0.702, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Regression analysis showed that depression alone explained 17.6% of disability variance, which increased to 36.2% when anxiety was added. Lower education level and positive family history of MS were associated with higher psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Depression and anxiety are common and strongly associated with greater physical disability in MS patients. Integrating psychological assessment and intervention into MS management may help improve functional outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"e70305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12933253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147313379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}