{"title":"Caution to psychiatry ward: COVID-19 pneumonia can manifest weeks or months after testing positive with a PCR test in individuals on preexisting immune-suppressing medication.","authors":"Masaki Nakano, Michitaka Funayama, Riko Wakisaka, Taketo Takata, Shun Kudo, Shin Kuramochi, Akihiro Koreki, Satoyuki Ogino, Takuto Ishida, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.135","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some patients are reported to develop depression immediately after COVID-19 infection. Typically, hospitalization is arranged a week to 10 days after symptom onset to avoid outbreak in the psychiatric ward when infectivity is almost eliminated. However, in patients on immunosuppressive drugs, infection is known to persist beyond the 10th day after testing positive with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a patient with follicular lymphoma who was receiving immune-suppressing medication and contracted a COVID-19 infection; she developed severe depression and eventually required hospitalization 10 days after symptom onset or 5 days after the COVID-19 infection-related symptoms disappeared. Although the patient did not exhibit any symptom of pneumonia upon admission, she developed COVID-19 pneumonia 3 weeks after the initial positive test. She received intravenous infusion of the antiviral drug remdesivir, which led to the improvement of pneumonia, and she was discharged on day 32 from testing COVID-19 positive. However, COVID-19 pneumonia recurred on days 64 and 74.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first report of COVID-19 pneumonia developing in a psychiatric ward in a patient on immunosuppressive drugs, weeks to months after testing positive with a PCR test. When patients with compromised immune function, such as those on immunosuppressant medication or those with human immunodeficiency virus disease, are admitted to a psychiatric ward, careful monitoring of the risk of recurrence and sufficient consideration for infection control measures are necessary to avoid outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"e135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41394228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing attribution in the criminal behavior of mentally disordered offenders: Developing a Japanese version of the Gudjonsson Blame Attribution Inventory-Revised.","authors":"Ikuko Arakawa, Yosuke Sekiguchi, Koji Takeda, Kazumi Watanabe, Noriomi Kuroki, Toshiaki Kono, Hidetoshi Kinoshita, Takako Enokida, Takao Suzuki, Hidehiko Takahashi, Takayuki Okada","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.134","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Treating individuals with a mental disorder and a history of criminal behavior (mentally disordered offenders [MDOs]) aims to enable patients to maintain their health and facilitate social rehabilitation while preventing adverse outcomes, such as violent recidivism or suicide. Understanding and responding to their own insight on their criminal behavior is crucial to achieving this goal. This article aims to develop a Japanese version of the Gudjonsson Blame Attribution Inventory-Revised (GBAI-R) and investigate the reliability and validity of the scale for MDOs in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In addition to developing the Japanese version of GBAI-R (GBAI-RJ), psychological data relevant to the Japanese study were collected and analyzed. Factor analysis was employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-seven Japanese native participants were recruited from forensic psychiatric inpatients, outpatients, and medical prison inmates between 2020 and 2022. The results demonstrated that the dimensions on the GBAI-RJ had a similar factor structure to those reported in previous studies. The GBAI-RJ has both test/retest reliability and internal consistency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The three dimensions Guilt Factor, External Factor, and Mental Element Factor from the original version in English are applicable to the Japanese version for assessing attribution and comparing the findings with those of the previous studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"e134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42449547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autonomic dysfunction in dementia with Lewy bodies: Focusing on cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction.","authors":"Katsuyoshi Mizukami","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. The disease is characterized by many Lewy bodies appearing in the patient's cerebrum. DLB frequently presents with a variety of autonomic symptoms from the early or prodromal stages of the disease, and these are listed as supportive features in the diagnostic criteria. As several useful assessment methods for evaluating autonomic function in DLB have been reported, this review will focus on cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction and its assessments. Cardiovascular disorders, such as orthostatic hypotension and abnormal heart rate variability, have been reported in DLB patients. Decreased myocardial uptake by metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy has been added as an indicative biomarker for DLB in the 2017 revision of the diagnostic criteria. We have reported reduced ventilatory response to hypercapnia, abnormal respiratory rhythm, and high frequency of sleep-disordered breathing as abnormalities of the respiratory regulatory system associated with DLB. Since autonomic dysfunction is highly prevalent in DLB from the early or prodromal phase of the disease and is associated with reduced activities of daily living and quality of life, the evaluation of autonomic dysfunction is also useful in the differential diagnosis of DLB from Alzheimer's disease. There are fewer studies on the respiratory regulatory system than on the cardiovascular system, thus further research is needed to explore its role in DLB.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"e129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42078219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of continued mindfulness practice on resilience and well-being in mindfulness-based intervention graduates during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Chisato Tanaka, Kenta Wakaizumi, Akira Ninomiya, Noriko Tamura, Shizuko Kosugi, Sunre Park, Mitsuhiro Sado, Masaru Mimura, Daisuke Fujisawa","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.132","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused unprecedented stress. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are known to be effective in reducing stress. However, it is unclear how long-term outcomes differ between those who continue mindfulness practice after MBIs and those who do not. In this study, we hypothesized that those who continued mindfulness practice would have higher stress tolerance, and we examined this hypothesis through a survey of MBI graduates. In this study, we examined the association between the continuation of mindfulness practice among MBI completers and individual stress during the COVID-19 epidemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey of MBI graduates was conducted. The physical and mental health states were compared between those who established a habit of mindfulness practice (practice group) and those who did not (no practice group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data were collected from 95 participants (response rate: 53.7%). Of the total respondents, 66 (69.5%) practiced mindfulness. Although the degree of perceived stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic was not statistically different between the practice and no practice groups, the practice group showed significantly lower levels of depression (<i>p</i> = 0.007), higher levels of resilience (<i>p</i> = 0.006), higher levels of overall health (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and higher levels of mental health (<i>p</i> = 0.039). The effect of mindfulness practice on reducing depression was fully mediated by resilience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among MBI graduates, those who regularly practiced mindfulness had lower levels of depression and higher levels of physical and mental health. Thus, the continuation of mindfulness practice increases resilience, buffers against new stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and has the potential to prevent depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"e132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41966047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between psychotropics use and occurrence of falls in hospitalized patients: A matched case-control study.","authors":"Chihiro Morishita, Jiro Masuya, Yoshitaka Ishii, Tomoteru Seki, Ayaka Deguchi, Yoshio Iwata, Yu Tamada, Yota Fujimura, Mina Honyashiki, Kazuharu Harada, Masataka Taguri, Takeshi Inoue","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.133","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Understanding the appropriate prescription of psychotropics for hospitalized patients in terms of preventing falls is an important issue. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between the occurrence of falls and the use of various individual psychotropics in hospitalized patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective matched case-control study was conducted on adult patients admitted to every department of Tokyo Medical University Hospital, with the outcome being in-hospital falls. A total of 447 hospitalized patients who had had in-hospital falls at some point in their hospitalization between January 2016 and December 2016 were included as cases. A total of 447 hospitalized patients who did not have in-hospital falls, and were individually matched to the cases by sex, age, and clinical department, were included as controls. All data were extracted from electronic medical records. Conditional logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between the exposure to 16 psychotropic medications and the occurrence of in-hospital falls. The multivariable logistic regression model adjusted sex, age, clinical department, body mass index, fall risk score on the fall risk assessment measure, and use of psychotropic medications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multivariable conditional logistic regression model showed a significant association between the use of risperidone (odds ratio [OR] = 3.730; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.229-11.325) and flunitrazepam (OR = 4.120; 95% CI = 1.105-15.364) and an increased OR of falls among hospitalized patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of risperidone and flunitrazepam were identified as risk factors for falls among hospitalized patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"e133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48525181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryuhei So, Yoshitaka Sato, Nozomu Hashimoto, Toshi A Furukawa
{"title":"Prevalence of suspected autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a Japanese clinical sample with gambling disorder: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ryuhei So, Yoshitaka Sato, Nozomu Hashimoto, Toshi A Furukawa","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.131","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Studies show gambling disorders are associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The association between gambling disorders and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has not been well studied, although ASD is often comorbid with ADHD and is associated with gaming disorder. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ASD and ADHD traits comorbid with gambling disorders and to examine the relationships between these traits and gambling problems in a clinical population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-site cross-sectional study was conducted at a Japanese addiction outpatient clinic treating gambling disorders. The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) test and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) were used to screen ASD and ADHD. The Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) was used to assess the severity of the gambling problems. We calculated the prevalence of suspected ASD and ADHD with 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on a binomial distribution and performed univariate analyses to examine the relationships between the AQ and ASRS scores and the total PGSI score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 97 of 197 potential participants. After screening the participants using the AQ and ASRS, we found that the prevalence of ASD traits was 29.8% (95% CI: 21.0%-40.2%), while the prevalence of ADHD traits was 26.0% (95% CI: 17.9%-36.2%). Univariate regression analyses revealed that the total AQ score was inversely associated with the total PGSI score. However, the total ASRS score and some ASRS subscores were positively associated with the total PGSI score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ASD and ADHD may be prevalent among patients with gambling disorders in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"e131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49206118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junko Morishita, Rika Kato, Manabu Yasuda, Shiro Suda
{"title":"Male intimate partner violence (IPV) victims in Japan: Associations of types of harm, sociodemographic characteristics, and depression trait.","authors":"Junko Morishita, Rika Kato, Manabu Yasuda, Shiro Suda","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting depression trait among male intimate partner violence (IPV) victims in Japan utilizing a multiple linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted. Male IPV victims living in Japan were recruited to answer the questionnaire on the website on February 25-26, 2021. A total of 16,414 subjects were enrolled, of whom 1466 respondents were included in the study. Other than IPV exposure, information about sociodemographic characteristics, past traumatic experiences and psychiatric history was collected. The Domestic Violence Screening Inventory (DVSI), a 20-item questionnaire regarding IPV exposure, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to determine the intensity and the type of IPV harm and to screen for depression, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The victims were more frequently subject to psychological abuse than to physical violence. Based on PHQ-9 scores, 10.7% of respondents exhibited moderate to severe depression. In the DVSI score, 79.2% of respondents required \"observation and support.\" The lowest level of academic attainment (junior high school), positive psychiatric history, foregoing divorce to avoid adverse childhood experiences of their offspring, childhood exposure to domestic violence, younger age, having no children, and experience of school bullying were shown to be significantly associated with depression trait.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Male IPV harm has a multilayered complexity. The sociodemographic characteristics and experiences of victims' own have a greater impact on depression trait than direct violent harm, suggesting that the violence-focused support might be inadequate for male victims. Comprehensive supports are urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"e127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44106541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pathography in Japan: Exploring the relationship between creativity and the psyche.","authors":"Shinichiro Tanaka","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.130","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pathography is a medical anthropological approach that examines the relationship between creation and psychiatric disorders through psychopathological and psychoanalytical lenses using case studies. Since it was first defined in the mid-1960s, pathography in Japan has kept pace with current advances in psychopathological research. However, to date, the findings of pathographic research in Japan have not been published in English. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to introduce the history, methodology, and development of pathography in Japan to the English-speaking world, accompanied by some classical examples. The paper first describes the history of pathography, from its origins in ancient Greece to important research in the field, including examples of publications and translations. Next, the paper presents the methodology of classical pathography as an approach that shares clinical psychopathology and psychiatric evaluation methods. This topic also introduces five main theses on the relationship between creativity and psychiatric disorders: opposition (\"in spite of\"), parallelism (\"because of\"), substitution (\"instead of\"), intrinsic (\"belonging to\"), and sublimation (\"subsequent to\"). Finally, the paper describes the development of pathographic research in Japan by summarizing the pathographies of several figures, including both creators and characters in literary works, and introducing the latest research on salutography, a newly developed field of study that explores the relationship between creativity and mental health. The paper concludes with a few words about the current limitations of pathography and suggestions for ethical considerations with respect to privacy legislation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"e130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42111561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and preliminary validation of the Group Cognitive Therapy Scale","authors":"Misuzu Nakashima, Miki Matsunaga, Makoto Otani, Hironori Kuga, Daisuke Fujisawa","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pcn5.128","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim The aim of this research was to create a scale to assess the competency of therapists who conduct group cognitive behavioral therapy (G‐CBT). The scale is intended to serve as a tool to aid the training of therapists. Methods Three stepped studies were conducted. Process 1: Through literature review and experts' consensus process, essential skills for G‐CBT were articulated and categorized according to the criteria of the Cognitive Therapy Scale, a well‐established rating scale for evaluating clinicians' skills in individual cognitive behavioral therapy. The list of those skills was organized into a rating scale. Process 2: Behavioral anchors were added to each skill and were classified by the levels of difficulty (beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels), based on the rating by G‐CBT experts. Process 3: Inter‐rater reliability and validity of the rating scale were examined in a sample of 41 videotaped G‐CBT sessions of actual clinical sessions and educational role‐plays. Results The 12‐item Group Cognitive Therapy Scale (G‐CTS) was developed. It consists of 11 items that are adapted from the original Cognitive Therapy Scale, and a new 12th item called “Intervention using relationships with other participants,” which describes therapists' skills to address group dynamics. The G‐CTS showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α : 0.95), satisfactory inter‐rater reliability (interclass correlation coefficients: 0.65–0.88), and high predictive validity. Conclusion A novel rating scale to evaluate therapists' competency in G‐CBT was developed and successfully validated. The G‐CTS behavioral checklist created in this study provides concrete guidelines that can be used by therapists to hone their skills in G‐CBT.","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135835630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the concept of delusions: Global trends and psychopathology in Japan.","authors":"Tsutomu Kumazaki","doi":"10.1002/pcn5.126","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pcn5.126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present article spotlights challenging conceptual and epistemological issues regarding delusions. A research history of various approaches to delusions in Europe, the United States, and Japan reveals the difficulty of defining delusions. Facing these difficulties, the standard concept of delusions has become thinner than the traditional ones, making its boundary with minority opinions vaguer. Nevertheless, clinical typology and epistemological approaches are contributing to the continuous conceptual refinement of delusions. Both standpoints validate and promote each other in elaborating the characteristics of delusions and their boundaries with non-delusions. In addition, epistemological inquiries into delusions shed new light on the extraordinarily difficult problems in the relationship among belief, knowledge, certainty, and delusions, contributing to epistemology in general. These approaches to delusions promote the evolution of the concept of delusions and related epistemological inquiries.</p>","PeriodicalId":74405,"journal":{"name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"e126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11114317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45419430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}