Osteoarthritis and cartilage open最新文献

{"title":"The evolution of the meniscus: Where surgical advancements meet translational research","authors":"Darya I. Lee ,&nbsp;Rachel J. Lovejoy ,&nbsp;Morgan H. Jones ,&nbsp;Elizabeth G. Matzkin ,&nbsp;Jeffrey N. Katz","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate key historical developments in meniscal pathobiology research and surgical advancements to capture pivotal moments in the evolution towards contemporary meniscus treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>We conducted a literature search in PubMed and Hollis, Harvard's online library database, to identify influential primary and secondary literature on meniscus form, function, and surgical techniques. Primary sources generally consisted of case reports or research investigations, while secondary sources included literature reviews. We used these sources to create a chronology of research findings, highlighting periods of controversy, shifts in opinion, and technological innovation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The meniscus was considered a functionless, vestigial structure for most of modern history until research in the mid-1940s identified significant degenerative changes among patients following total meniscectomy. Interest in the meniscus surged following this discovery, spurring investigations that broadened scientific understanding of the vasculature, neuroanatomy, and biochemical composition of the meniscus. In turn, these findings altered treatment practices in favor of meniscal preservation and stimulated research into the implications of altered hoop tension and meniscus vascularity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The history and advancement of meniscal surgery has and continues to be shaped by translational research that has broadened scientific understanding of the form and function of the meniscus. We demonstrate that advancements in surgical techniques addressing meniscal tears were preceded by translational research that broadened understanding of the form and function of the meniscus. Future meniscal research should continue to utilize both translational and clinical findings to optimize meniscal tear treatment methodologies, while also minimizing risk of osteoarthritis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical biomarkers of knee osteoarthritis progression: Results from the FNIH biomarkers consortium progress OA study","authors":"Jamie E. Collins ,&nbsp;Douglas Robinson ,&nbsp;Nigel Arden ,&nbsp;Anne Christine Bay-Jensen ,&nbsp;Leticia A. Deveza ,&nbsp;Morten Karsdal ,&nbsp;Christoph Ladel ,&nbsp;Thomas A. Perry ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Swearingen ,&nbsp;David J. Hunter ,&nbsp;Virginia B. Kraus","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The Foundation for National Institutes of Health (FNIH) OA Biomarkers Consortium aims to identify and qualify biomarkers to support drug development in knee osteoarthritis (OA). The PROGRESS OA study aims to externally validate prognostic biomarkers identified in the earlier Phase I study.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>PROGRESS OA included data from the control arms of several completed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for knee OA. The primary outcome was medial or lateral joint space width loss (JSWL) ≥0.7 ​mm. Secondary outcomes included medial or lateral JSWL combined with symptomatic progression. Nine biochemical biomarkers identified in Phase I were included here. Logistic regression with elastic net selection examined associations between baseline biomarkers and outcomes over 12–36 months, separately for subgroups with available serum, urine, and both serum and urine biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, the study included 827 participants across three RCTs, 159 (19 ​%) with JSWL≥0.7 ​mm. In 681 participants with both serum and urine biospecimens, the combination of serum hyaluronan (HA), urinary C2C-HUSA, body mass index (BMI), and Kellgren-Lawrence grade (KLG) yielded AUC 0.627 (95 ​% CI: 0.573, 0.681) for predicting JSWL≥0.7 ​mm, compared to AUC 0.612 (95 ​% CI: 0.557, 0.667) for BMI and KLG alone. Serum (HA) and urinary C2C-HUSA were consistently selected as predictors of disease progression in elastic net models across the subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Biomarker associations were consistent with Phase I findings, but predictive performance remained modest. Future work in the FNIH OA Biomarkers consortium project will focus on evaluating short term changes in biomarkers to assess their potential for monitoring treatment efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining optimal diet/exercise treatment assignment for patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis using baseline gait forces","authors":"Aleksandra M. Kostic ,&nbsp;Liubov Arbeeva ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Jiang ,&nbsp;Yvonne M. Golightly ,&nbsp;Stephen P. Messier ,&nbsp;Richard F. Loeser ,&nbsp;J.E. Borgert ,&nbsp;J.S. Marron ,&nbsp;Michael R. Kosorok ,&nbsp;Amanda E. Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We examined whether precision medicine models to determine the optimal treatment regimen for participants in an 18-month diet (D), exercise (E), and D ​+ ​E trial for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) could be further improved with the addition of baseline gait forces (ground reaction, muscle, compressive, and shear forces).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from 286 participants in the Intensive Diet and Exercise for Arthritis trial (IDEA). Four machine learning models were used to develop individualized treatment rules for change in outcomes: weight, WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) pain/function/stiffness, tibiofemoral compressive forces, plasma Interleukin-6 levels, and SF-36 physical component score. We selected the optimal model for each outcome and compared it to the optimal fixed treatment model as well as the optimal model excluding gait forces.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found no statistically significant differences between estimated values of any zero order models (ZOMs) and optimal precision medicine models (PMMs) with gait, nor between optimal PMMs with and without gait. For several outcomes, the optimal PMM without gait performed slightly better than the optimal PMM with gait. The only outcome for which the PMM resulted in a higher estimated value than both the ZOM and the PMM without gait was WOMAC function change.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PMMs exhibited no statistically significant differences in estimated values for 18-month change in outcomes when including gait forces. Although potentially underpowered, these results suggest that gait forces, although involved in the KOA phenotype, may not meaningfully influence diet/exercise treatment outcomes for individuals with obesity and symptomatic KOA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of three different therapeutic interventions in the management of knee osteoarthritis: Randomized controlled parallel group pilot trial","authors":"Vilma Dudonienė ,&nbsp;Daumantas Bitinas ,&nbsp;Laura Žlibinaitė","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different physical interventions on pain intensity, knee function, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This pilot trial involved 63 patients (45–55 ​yrs) in a rehabilitation center. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups: therapeutic exercise alone (TE, n ​= ​21), TE and cryotherapy (TE-Cr, n ​= ​21), and TE and joint mobilization (TE-JM, n ​= ​21). The primary outcome was pain intensity, secondary outcomes included knee joint function (WOMAC), muscle strength, knee joint range of motion (ROM), and quality of life (SF-36). Data were collected at baseline and after 18 days of inpatient rehabilitation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant between-group differences in the primary outcome at baseline. After 18 days, all intervention groups showed significant improvements (p ​&lt; ​0.05). The TE-JM group reported lower (p ​&lt; ​0.05) pain levels (3.24 ​± ​1.04) compared to the TE-only (4.76 ​± ​0.77) and TE-Cr (4.86 ​± ​0.57) groups. The TE-Cr group had a lower (p ​&lt; ​0.05) SF-36 total score (52.81 ​± ​10.50) than the TE (62.00 ​± ​9.74) and TE-JM (66.62 ​± ​2.87) groups. No significant between-group differences were observed in ROM or muscle strength. The WOMAC total score was lower (p ​&lt; ​0.05) in the TE-JM group (27.3 ​± ​13.9) compared to the TE-Cr group (40.1 ​± ​10.7).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although all three interventions had beneficial short-term effects, leading to reductions in knee pain and improvements in physical function and quality of life, but no single intervention demonstrated superior effectiveness across all assessed outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div><span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>http://www.clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, NCT05636059.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an iPSC-based screening platform identifying enhancers of chondrogenesis","authors":"Aisling O'Brien ,&nbsp;Maojia Xu ,&nbsp;Enda O'Connell ,&nbsp;Aline M. Morrison ,&nbsp;Georgina Shaw ,&nbsp;James R. Dutton ,&nbsp;Mary Murphy ,&nbsp;Frank Barry","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There is currently no long-term treatment for the repair of damaged cartilage and osteoarthritis (OA). Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are an ideal cell source for screening platforms due to their ability to self-renew and differentiate to cell types that would otherwise require invasive surgeries to obtain, such as chondrocytes and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Here, we developed an iPSC-based screening platform and tested previously described pro-chondrogenic small molecule compounds, to determine their potential to identify hits.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>iPSC derived chondroprogenitors (iCPs) and neural crest cell (NCC) derived MSCs (iNCC-MSCs) were generated, and their chondrogenic potential was confirmed. The iPSC derived cells and a primary bone marrow derived MSC (BM-MSC) line were cultured as pellets and treated with different concentrations of small molecule compounds, in the presence of chondrogenic inducing growth factors, over 14 days at 2 ​% O₂. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis was quantified by a 1,9- dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 14 days of chondrogenesis, forskolin, baicalin and sesamin enhanced GAG synthesis in the iCPs, and forskolin enhanced GAG synthesis in the iNCC-MSCs, while no small molecule compounds enhanced GAG synthesis in the BM-MSCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings further demonstrate how the small molecules pro-chondrogenic effects are dependent on the screening platform conditions, including the cell type, molecule concentration, 3D culture, hypoxia, and the inclusion of additional growth factors. The iPSC-based screening platform developed has the potential to identify disease modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) in novel compound screening libraries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term impact of acute knee injury with hemarthrosis: Osteoarthritis incidence and patient-reported outcomes in a large consecutive cohort over 12 years","authors":"Anders Isacsson ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Turkiewicz ,&nbsp;Ola Olsson ,&nbsp;Jamie S. Brown ,&nbsp;Johan Hesslow ,&nbsp;Patrik Bengtsson ,&nbsp;Armaghan Mahmoudian ,&nbsp;Richard B. Frobell ,&nbsp;Jaanika Paemre ,&nbsp;Martin Englund","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To estimate the 12-year risk of radiographic and/or symptomatic knee osteoarthritis following different MRI-confirmed soft-tissue knee injuries.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Prospective cohort study including 814 (70 ​%) of 1129 consecutive patients after acute knee trauma with hemarthrosis in a single hospital. Injuries were classified by sub-acute knee MRI. Follow-up comprised bilateral knee radiography and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. The main outcomes were radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. We estimated differences between injury types and injured versus contralateral knees.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence proportion of radiographic knee osteoarthritis was 34 ​% (95 ​% confidence interval 30 to 37) in injured knees and 18 ​% (15, 20) in contralateral knees. Knees with hemarthrosis but no structural injury developed radiographic osteoarthritis and symptomatic osteoarthritis in 6 ​% and 4 ​%, respectively, as compared to 36 ​% and 21 ​% of those with structural injury, with risk ratios (95 ​% confidence interval) of 8 (3, 21) for radiographic osteoarthritis and 6 (2, 20) for symptomatic osteoarthritis. The risk ratio of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis in the injured knee compared to the contralateral knee was 2.2 (1.7, 2.8), with the highest ratio of 3.1 (2.1, 4.6) observed after combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscus injury. Overall, 81 ​% (78, 84) reported satisfaction with their knee function, though satisfaction was lower following patellar dislocation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Structural soft-tissue knee injury doubled the risk of radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis versus the contralateral knee over 12 years with significant variation based on injury type. ACL rupture combined with meniscus tear conferred the highest risk while hemarthrosis alone the lowest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographic prevalence and associated factors of hallux rigidus in a large-scale population-based cohort","authors":"Yuko Yagi ,&nbsp;Takumi Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Akihiro Uchio ,&nbsp;Ryutaro Takeda ,&nbsp;Toshiko Iidaka ,&nbsp;Chiaki Horii ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Oka ,&nbsp;Shigeyuki Muraki ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Hashizume ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yamada ,&nbsp;Munehito Yoshida ,&nbsp;Kozo Nakamura ,&nbsp;Sakae Tanaka ,&nbsp;Noriko Yoshimura","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Hallux rigidus (HR), a form of osteoarthritis (OA) affecting the first metatarsophalangeal joint, significantly impairs mobility and quality of life. Despite its clinical importance, large-scale epidemiological studies on radiographic HR prevalence and associated factors remain limited. This study investigated the radiographic prevalence of HR and its associated factors in a large, population-based Japanese cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Data were obtained from 1998 participants (654 men, 1344 women) in the fifth survey of the nationwide Research on Osteoarthritis/Osteoporosis Against Disability (ROAD) study. Non-weight-bearing dorsoplantar foot radiographs were assessed using the Hattrup and Johnson classification (grade 1: mild, grade 2: moderate, and grade 3: severe); HR was defined as grade ≥1. Multivariable logistic regression assessed associated factors, and the Cochran-Armitage trend test evaluated severity-related trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 64.2 ​± ​12.7 years. The overall HR prevalence was 23.5 ​% (25.1 ​% in men, 22.8 ​% in women), with no significant sex difference. Unilateral and bilateral HR were 6.6 ​% and 17.0 ​% of participants, respectively. HR was classified as mild (13.3 ​%), moderate (7.0 ​%), or severe (3.3 ​%). Multivariable analysis identified older age, coastal residence, gout history, and knee OA as independent factors associated with HR. HR severity showed significant linear trends with both gout and knee OA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study determined the radiographic prevalence of HR of 23.5 ​% in a Japanese population. Independent factors associated with HR included older age, coastal residence, gout, and knee OA. Findings indicate that HR is multifactorial and highlight the need to explore geographic and lifestyle-related factors in addition to medical conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100695"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A standardized, open-source, portable model for noninvasive joint injury in mice","authors":"Michael D. Newton ,&nbsp;Lindsey Lammlin ,&nbsp;Sofia Gonzalez-Nolde ,&nbsp;Scarlet Howser ,&nbsp;Isabelle Smith ,&nbsp;Luke Stasikelis ,&nbsp;Alexander J. Knights","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Preclinical models of osteoarthritis (OA) are crucial for the study of disease mechanisms and development of disease-modifying therapeutics. While surgical OA models, such as destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM), have been the gold standard in the field for decades, noninvasive joint loading-based models have increased in popularity and utility. To facilitate standardization of the noninvasive anterior cruciate ligament rupture (ACLR) model in mice, we present the <strong>Mo</strong>bile <strong>J</strong>oint-Injury <strong>O</strong>perator (<strong>MoJO</strong>) - an open-source protocol with accompanying fixtures and data, designed for a low-cost, commercially-available, portable, small-footprint uniaxial testing system.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We provide 3d-printable fixture designs and a comprehensive description of the loading protocol, describe the expected mechanical output, and offer various troubleshooting strategies. We validate the mechanical accuracy and inter-operator reproducibility of the procedure and characterize the resultant post-traumatic OA phenotype by knee hyperalgesia testing, flow cytometry, μCT imaging, and histological assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across <em>n</em> ​= ​952 procedures, the MoJO protocol was highly accurate and repeatable, with a &gt;99 ​% rate of successful ACLR and high repeatability between operators and institutions. ACLR-mediated joint injury resulted in the expected post-traumatic OA phenotype in male and female C57Bl/6 mice, including progressive hyperalgesia, histological and μCT evidence of cartilage damage, synovitis, and osteophyte formation, and increased expansion of fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and myeloid cells by flow cytometry.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increased standardization of joint injury is a critical aspect of the overall refinement of animal models of OA. The MoJO represents an affordable and highly reproducible option for implementing the mouse ACLR model of OA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to evaluate variation in bone shape and alignment associated with radiographic knee osteoarthritis: Findings from a study of 19,053 individuals in UK Biobank","authors":"Rhona A. Beynon ,&nbsp;Faten Alomar ,&nbsp;Fiona R. Saunders ,&nbsp;Raja Ebsim ,&nbsp;Benjamin G. Faber ,&nbsp;Mijin Jung ,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Gregory ,&nbsp;Claudia Lindner ,&nbsp;Simon G.F. Abram ,&nbsp;Richard M. Aspden ,&nbsp;Nicholas C. Harvey ,&nbsp;Timothy Cootes ,&nbsp;Jonathan H. Tobias","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Lower limb alignment may predispose to, or exacerbate, symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. To examine the role of this and other joint shape variation, we conducted a cross-sectional study investigating relationships between radiographic knee osteoarthritis (rKOA) and knee shape in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images from UK Biobank (UKB).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Associations between the first ten knee shape modes (KSMs), derived from statistical shape modelling, and rKOA grade were analysed using logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, height, weight, and ethnicity. An additional model included adjustment for hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, derived from total body DXA scans, to reflect knee alignment. Composite figures illustrate knee shape characteristics associated with each rKOA grade.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>19,053 individuals were included (mean 63.7 years, 48 ​% males), of whom 80.7 ​%, 14.6 ​%, 3.6 ​% and 1.2 ​% had rKOA grades 0, 1, 2 and 3–4, respectively. Several KSMs were associated with rKOA in confounder-adjusted analyses, with higher grades showing stronger relationships. These associations were attenuated by adjustment for HKA. As expected, composite shape models revealed that higher rKOA grades were associated with greater varus malalignment. After HKA adjustment, composite shape models showed less varus alignment, with other shape differences, such as altered proximal tibial metaphysis and lateral patella displacement, emerging in higher-grade rKOA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our cross-sectional analyses between joint shape and DXA-derived rKOA grade showed expected relationships with varus malalignment, which were attenuated after adjusting for HKA. Other shape differences, particularly in higher-grade rKOA, emerged independently of alignment, warranting further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor regarding “Symptoms indicative of early knee osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction: Descriptive analysis of the SHIELD cohort”","authors":"Matthew S. Harkey ,&nbsp;Christopher Kuenze ,&nbsp;Grace H. Lo ,&nbsp;Jeffrey B. Driban","doi":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74377,"journal":{"name":"Osteoarthritis and cartilage open","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}