Theodora Rogkoti, Hannah Donnelly, Matthew J. Dalby, Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez
{"title":"Mechanical signatures and models of the bone marrow niche","authors":"Theodora Rogkoti, Hannah Donnelly, Matthew J. Dalby, Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00305-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00305-6","url":null,"abstract":"The bone marrow is a complex tissue with distinct cellular and mechanical heterogeneity, serving as the primary site for haematopoiesis. Under certain conditions, such as on the onset of mutations to healthy cells or alterations to the environment, the bone marrow can also become the origin of haematological malignancies, often characterized by uncontrolled self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells, overproduction of immature progeny and remodelling of the tissue microenvironment. This remodelling alters the composition and mechanics of the extracellular matrix (ECM), facilitating the proliferation and metastasis of leukaemic cells. The elastic and dissipative properties of the ECM are hallmarks of both health and disease progression in different tissues. However, studying the mechanical properties of bone marrow is difficult owing to inaccessibility in situ. Advanced three-dimensional bioengineered models offer a way to recapitulate the mechanical properties of the bone marrow, but it remains challenging to incorporate the elastic and viscous components. Understanding the physiological and disease-specific mechanical ECM signatures is crucial for advancing bone marrow research and for developing therapeutics. In this Review, we explore the structure–function relationship of the bone marrow, emphasizing its complex mechanical behaviour, and discuss the bioengineered models that recapitulate the mechanical properties in the healthy and diseased bone marrow niche, stressing the importance of replicating ECM physiological and pathological mechanical signatures in the future. The bone marrow is the primary site for haematopoiesis but can also become the origin of haematological malignancies. This Review discusses the complex mechanical behaviour of the bone marrow niche in health and disease, examining in vitro models to recreate and investigate the physiological and pathological mechanical signatures of the bone marrow.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 8","pages":"697-713"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A chemical toolbox for surface engineering of extracellular vesicles","authors":"Leila Pourtalebi Jahromi, Gregor Fuhrmann","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00310-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00310-9","url":null,"abstract":"Surface engineering enhances the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by improving their stability, immune evasion, tracking and targeting. Advancing scalable chemical approaches that preserve the integrity and functionality of EVs and efficient purification methods are key to unlocking their full potential.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 8","pages":"617-619"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The emerging era of structural nanomedicine","authors":"Chad A. Mirkin, Milan Mrksich, Natalie Artzi","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00306-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00306-5","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of structural definition in nanomedicines limits therapeutic efficacy and complicates regulatory approval. Here, we emphasize that defining, designing and optimizing the structures of nanomedicines are critical to developing effective therapies because their architectures — not just the identity of their components — determines potency.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 7","pages":"526-528"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acoustofluidics on a chip","authors":"Sadra Bakhshandeh","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00319-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00319-0","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature Materials reports a topological acoustofluidic device that enables the control of sound waves, fluid flow and particles at the micro- and nanoscales, all on a single chip.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 5","pages":"359-359"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gastone Ciuti, Robert J. Webster III, Ka-Wai Kwok, Arianna Menciassi
{"title":"Robotic surgery","authors":"Gastone Ciuti, Robert J. Webster III, Ka-Wai Kwok, Arianna Menciassi","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00294-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00294-6","url":null,"abstract":"Robotic surgery has the potential to fundamentally change interventional medicine by combining the complementary strengths of humans and machines. This can enhance safety as robots begin to intelligently interact with surgeons during training and to intra-operatively assist at varying levels of control and autonomy. In parallel, miniaturization is advancing the frontiers of how deeply robots can reach into the human body, and ergonomic user interfaces are improving the ability of surgeons to direct them. Improvements in tissue modelling, real-time feedback and delivery of diverse energy sources are key drivers of practical, intelligent human–machine collaborative systems. In this Review, we discuss the design and application of robotic systems in surgical procedures, outlining key elements in computer-assisted robotic surgery. Surgical robots are categorized based on the level of control and autonomy as passive, interactive, teleoperated and autonomous platforms. We conclude by discussing future milestones and current research frontiers in the engineering and clinical domain of surgical robotic systems. Surgical robots can assist in medical procedures or autonomously perform surgical tasks. This Review explores the design and application of passive, interactive, teleoperated and autonomous surgical robots within the framework of computer-assisted and integrated surgical workflows.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 7","pages":"565-578"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring ageing in microgravity","authors":"Mei ElGindi, Jeremy Teo","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00309-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00309-2","url":null,"abstract":"Microgravity accelerates ageing-like changes in cells and tissues. By integrating bioengineering technologies, researchers can uncover pathways to mitigate ageing and develop therapeutic interventions for age-related diseases both on Earth and in space.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 7","pages":"529-530"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter J. Gardner, Colleen Loynachan, Tsepo L. Tsekoa, Lindsay Keir, Vijay Yabannavar, Erin Sparrow
{"title":"Manufacturing innovation is essential for monoclonal antibody affordability and access","authors":"Peter J. Gardner, Colleen Loynachan, Tsepo L. Tsekoa, Lindsay Keir, Vijay Yabannavar, Erin Sparrow","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00301-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00301-w","url":null,"abstract":"Biopharmaceutical manufacturing innovation is essential for making monoclonal antibodies affordable and accessible by overcoming critical cost and supply barriers. Importantly, innovation supporting regional production will be required to meet low- and middle-income country health needs and strengthen global resilience against future infectious disease outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 6","pages":"438-440"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Edible mRNA vaccine in lettuce chloroplasts","authors":"Carson Campbell, Esteban Azagra","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00299-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00299-1","url":null,"abstract":"Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines hold promise for creating new and improved immunizations; however, their delivery is challenging in terms of compliance, reactogenicity, cost and scalability. In response to ‘the ultimate bioengineering challenge’ competition, we propose an edible mRNA vaccine platform using lettuce chloroplasts.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 4","pages":"264-266"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A holistic approach to advancing women’s health","authors":"Margherita Y. Turco, Oriana Kraft","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00304-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00304-7","url":null,"abstract":"Women’s health research is understudied and underprioritized. A holistic approach that leverages technological tools, fosters collaboration across sectors and addresses systemic biases is necessary to develop equitable healthcare.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 6","pages":"432-434"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diana I. Gutierrez Parada, Luciana Rodríguez Martino, Valentina Mejía Salvador, Pablo Rivero
{"title":"A biorefrigerator for vaccine cold storage in energy-scarce regions","authors":"Diana I. Gutierrez Parada, Luciana Rodríguez Martino, Valentina Mejía Salvador, Pablo Rivero","doi":"10.1038/s44222-025-00297-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-025-00297-3","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccine distribution in remote areas without reliable electricity or refrigeration options presents major challenges. In response to ‘the ultimate bioengineering challenge’ competition, we present the design of a biorefrigerator made of biodegradable, locally sourced materials that is engineered to preserve vaccines at optimal temperatures without requiring external energy.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 4","pages":"262-263"},"PeriodicalIF":37.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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