Ana C. Andreazza, L. Felipe Barros, Alexander Behnke, Dorit Ben-Shachar, Sabina Berretta, Virginie-Anne Chouinard, Kim Do, Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah, Hannelore Ehrenreich, Peter Falkai, Judith Ford, Zachary Freyberg, Javier Gilbert-Jaramillo, Jill R. Glausier, Manu S. Goyal, Margaret Hahn, Suzana Herculano-Houzel, David Hofmann, Iris-Tatjana Kolassa, Matthias Mack, R. Nehir Mavioglu, Robert McCullumsmith, Yuri Milaneschi, Anthony J. A. Molina, Lilianne Mujica-Parodi, Dost Öngür, Martin Paulus, Daria Peleg-Raibstein, Ben Perry, Martin Picard, Toby Pillinger, Caroline Rae, Douglas Rothman, Zoltan Sarnyai, Johann Steiner, Rachel Upthegrove, Anthony C. Vernon, Melanie Wall, Corey Weistuch
{"title":"Brain and body energy metabolism and potential for treatment of psychiatric disorders","authors":"Ana C. Andreazza, L. Felipe Barros, Alexander Behnke, Dorit Ben-Shachar, Sabina Berretta, Virginie-Anne Chouinard, Kim Do, Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah, Hannelore Ehrenreich, Peter Falkai, Judith Ford, Zachary Freyberg, Javier Gilbert-Jaramillo, Jill R. Glausier, Manu S. Goyal, Margaret Hahn, Suzana Herculano-Houzel, David Hofmann, Iris-Tatjana Kolassa, Matthias Mack, R. Nehir Mavioglu, Robert McCullumsmith, Yuri Milaneschi, Anthony J. A. Molina, Lilianne Mujica-Parodi, Dost Öngür, Martin Paulus, Daria Peleg-Raibstein, Ben Perry, Martin Picard, Toby Pillinger, Caroline Rae, Douglas Rothman, Zoltan Sarnyai, Johann Steiner, Rachel Upthegrove, Anthony C. Vernon, Melanie Wall, Corey Weistuch","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00422-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00422-6","url":null,"abstract":"Brain function is critically dependent on energy metabolism. Research over the past half century has provided many insights into energy production and utilization in the brain, and identified ways that it can be improved in brain disorders. A parallel literature indicates that major aberrations exist in brain bioenergetics in neuropsychiatric disorders. Targeting bioenergetic abnormalities may be an efficacious approach to treatment for these conditions. In this Perspective, we provide a survey of the relevant literature on these topics and sketch the outlines of a research agenda to maximize the impact of future research and treatment interventions. This Perspective highlights the important role of energy metabolism in psychiatric disorders and sets the groundwork for future studies in the emerging field of metabolic psychiatry.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 7","pages":"763-771"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clara A. Moreau, Anael Ayrolles, Christopher R. K. Ching, Robin Bonicel, Alexandre Mathieu, Coline Stordeur, Clara El Khantour, Pierre Bergeret, Nicolas Traut, Lydie Tran, David Germanaud, Marianne Alison, Monique Elmaleh-Bergès, Stefan Ehrlich, Paul M. Thompson, Thomas Bourgeron, Richard Delorme
{"title":"Neuroimaging insights into brain mechanisms of early-onset restrictive eating disorders","authors":"Clara A. Moreau, Anael Ayrolles, Christopher R. K. Ching, Robin Bonicel, Alexandre Mathieu, Coline Stordeur, Clara El Khantour, Pierre Bergeret, Nicolas Traut, Lydie Tran, David Germanaud, Marianne Alison, Monique Elmaleh-Bergès, Stefan Ehrlich, Paul M. Thompson, Thomas Bourgeron, Richard Delorme","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00447-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00447-x","url":null,"abstract":"Early-onset restrictive eating disorders (rEO-ED) encompass a heterogeneous group of conditions, including early-onset anorexia nervosa (EO-AN) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorders (ARFID). However, the impact of rEO-ED on brain morphometry remains largely unknown. Here we performed the largest magnetic resonance imaging-derived brain features comparison of children and early adolescents (<13 years) with EO-AN (n = 124) or ARFID (n = 50) versus typically developing individuals (TD, n = 116). EO-AN was associated with widespread cortex thinning, while underweight patients with ARFID exhibited reduced surface area and volumes compared with TD. Despite similar body mass index distributions, EO-AN and ARFID showed distinct structural patterns, suggesting independent brain mechanisms. Finally, we identified overlapping patterns of brain thickness differences between EO-AN and obsessive–compulsive disorder and between ARFID and autism spectrum disorder. Future studies are required to partition the contribution of body mass index versus rEO-ED mechanisms, as well as to identify shared mechanisms with other neurodevelopmental conditions toward a multidimensional approach of eating disorders. In this cross-sectional study, the authors used structural MRI to compare subcortical volumes, cortical thickness and surface area between early-onset anorexia nervosa, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and typically developing young individuals.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 7","pages":"780-788"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arish Mudra Rakshasa-Loots, Jessica Campbell, Iain H. Campbell, Daniel J. Smith
{"title":"Metabolic psychiatry: key priorities for an emerging field","authors":"Arish Mudra Rakshasa-Loots, Jessica Campbell, Iain H. Campbell, Daniel J. Smith","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00445-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00445-z","url":null,"abstract":"In this Comment, we define the nascent field of metabolic psychiatry and highlight key questions regarding the overlap between metabolism and mental health. We also make recommendations to integrate considerations of diversity and inclusion, lived experience and open science to accelerate discovery and clinical translation in this field.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 8","pages":"855-858"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gray matter volume heterogeneity by stage, site of origin and pathophysiology in schizophrenia","authors":"Yuchao Jiang, Lena Palaniyappan, Xiao Chang, Jie Zhang, Enpeng Zhou, Xin Yu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ching-Po Lin, Jingliang Cheng, Yingying Tang, Jijun Wang, Cheng Luo, Dezhong Yao, Long-Biao Cui, Wei Cheng, Jianfeng Feng","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00449-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00449-9","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia is characterized with greater variability beyond the mean differences in brain structures. This variability is assumed to be static, reflecting the presence of heterogeneous subgroups, but this assumption and alternative explanations remain untested. Here we examine whether gray matter volume variability decreases in later stages of schizophrenia using magnetic resonance imaging of 1,792 individuals with schizophrenia and 1,523 healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, greater variability (false-discovery-rate-corrected P < 0.05) was found in 50 regions across the entire patient group. The average variability across all regions was greater in the first-episode than chronic stage (t = 10.8, P = 1.7 × 10–7). The areas with the largest variability were located at the frontotemporal cortex and thalamus (first-episode), or the hippocampus and caudate (chronic). This study offers novel insights into the diversity of brain alterations in schizophrenia, emphasizing that brain-based heterogeneity is not a static feature; it is more pronounced at the onset of the disorder but reduced over the long term. Schizophrenia exhibits significant variability in brain structures, traditionally viewed as static due to heterogeneous subgroups. Here the authors use magnetic resonance imaging data from 1,792 individuals with schizophrenia to reveal that gray matter volume variability is greater in early stages and decreases over time, highlighting dynamic brain alterations with implications for understanding disease progression.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 7","pages":"803-813"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph Bublitz, Francisco Bariffi, Marta Sosa Navarro, Philipp Kellmeyer
{"title":"UNESCO’s Recommendation on Neurotechnology: realizing the rights of people with mental disabilities","authors":"Christoph Bublitz, Francisco Bariffi, Marta Sosa Navarro, Philipp Kellmeyer","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00454-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00454-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 7","pages":"749-749"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychological therapies are effective for stroke survivors with depression and anxiety disorders","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00430-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00430-6","url":null,"abstract":"One in three stroke survivors experience depression or anxiety, but no large-scale studies of real-world clinical practice have assessed whether psychological therapies are beneficial for these patients. We analyzed national healthcare records in England to evaluate the effectiveness of primary care psychological therapies for stroke survivors with common mental disorders.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 6","pages":"590-591"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultivating community and centering support for LGBT+ mental health","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00455-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00455-x","url":null,"abstract":"June marks Pride Month, a time dedicated to recognizing and celebrating the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex and asexual (LGBT+) community. This annual observance honors the pivotal 1969 Stonewall Uprising, a watershed moment in the modern LGBT+ rights movement. Pride is not just a celebration — it is a commitment to resistance, solidarity and progress in the face of uncertainty and adversity, and to building stronger and healthier LGBT+ networks and community.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 6","pages":"575-576"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s44220-025-00455-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David R. A. Coelho, Belinda J. Njiro, Mashavu H. Yussuf, Wigilya P. Mikomangwa, Willians Fernando Vieira, Stefania Papatheodorou, Paul A. Bain, Bruno F. Sunguya, Mary Mwanyika Sando, Carolina Coutinho, Valdilea G. Veloso, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Muhammad Bakari, Christopher R. Sudfeld, Wafaie W. Fawzi, Kenneth H. Mayer, Sari L. Reisner, Alex S. Keuroghlian
{"title":"Cognitive behavioral therapy for antiretroviral therapy adherence and treatment outcomes among people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"David R. A. Coelho, Belinda J. Njiro, Mashavu H. Yussuf, Wigilya P. Mikomangwa, Willians Fernando Vieira, Stefania Papatheodorou, Paul A. Bain, Bruno F. Sunguya, Mary Mwanyika Sando, Carolina Coutinho, Valdilea G. Veloso, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Muhammad Bakari, Christopher R. Sudfeld, Wafaie W. Fawzi, Kenneth H. Mayer, Sari L. Reisner, Alex S. Keuroghlian","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00444-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00444-0","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive behavioral therapy has emerged as a promising intervention to enhance antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV. Here we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence, HIV viral load, viral suppression and CD4 counts. A total of 20 randomized controlled trials involving 1,739 people living with HIV were included, with most of the studies categorized as having low risk of bias. We show that cognitive behavioral therapy was associated with improved antiretroviral therapy adherence, with more pronounced effects for people living with HIV with psychiatric comorbidities and in studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries. No statistically significant findings were observed for HIV viral load, viral suppression or CD4 counts. These findings support the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in enhancing antiretroviral therapy adherence, particularly for those with psychiatric comorbidities and in low- and middle-income countries. However, the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy on HIV viral load, viral suppression and CD4 counts remains inconclusive. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is increasingly recognized for its potential to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV. Here the authors conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis, revealing that CBT significantly enhances adherence, especially in individuals with psychiatric comorbidities and in low- and middle-income countries, although effects on viral metrics remain unclear.","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 6","pages":"735-746"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taking the initiative: improving LGBT+ mental health through science","authors":"Rebecca Cooney","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00442-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00442-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 6","pages":"577-579"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"At the root of intersectional identities, discrimination and hair cortisol","authors":"Rebecca Cooney","doi":"10.1038/s44220-025-00451-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44220-025-00451-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74247,"journal":{"name":"Nature mental health","volume":"3 6","pages":"588-588"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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