Alcohol and alcoholism最新文献_第8页

Relationship between alcohol intake based on daily smartphone-reported consumption and PEth concentrations in healthy volunteers. 根据智能手机报告的每日酒精摄入量与健康志愿者体内 PEth 浓度之间的关系。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae040

Trine Finanger, Katrine Melby, Olav Spigset, Trine N Andreassen, Stian Lydersen, Ragnhild Bergene Skråstad

{"title":"Relationship between alcohol intake based on daily smartphone-reported consumption and PEth concentrations in healthy volunteers.","authors":"Trine Finanger, Katrine Melby, Olav Spigset, Trine N Andreassen, Stian Lydersen, Ragnhild Bergene Skråstad","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae040","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate the association between alcohol consumption registered daily with a digital smartphone-based diary and concentration of phosphatidylethanol (PEth) 16:0/18:1 in a population without a known alcohol use disorder (AUD), and evaluate whether prospective registration of alcohol consumption is better than retrospective registration and if the association between alcohol intake and PEth was affected by sex or body mass index (BMI).Methods: A total of 41 women and 21 men without AUD-diagnosis registered their alcohol consumption prospectively with a digital diary for 14 days, and retrospectively with the Timeline Followback method in the same time interval. PEth was measured before and after the registration period.Results: The correlation between alcohol consumption and PEth varied from 0.65 to 0.87. It did not depend significantly on the reporting method, and was not influenced by sex or BMI. Based on the regression coefficient, a reduction of alcohol consumption by two alcohol units (26 g of pure ethanol) per day would lead to a reduction of the PEth concentration of about 0.1 μmol/l, and vice versa.Conclusions: There was a good correlation between PEth concentration and alcohol consumption, both when alcohol consumption was reported prospectively and retrospectively. The preferred cut-off for PEth should be adjusted to the level of alcohol consumption considered harmful and a purposeful trade-off between sensitivity and specificity. In order to identify persons with a daily alcohol consumption of more than two or three units of alcohol with a sensitivity of 80% or 90%, we suggest a cut-off of around 0.1 μmol/l.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Profiles and the impact of affective temperaments on alcohol use disorder: a cross-sectional study. 情感气质的特征及其对酒精使用障碍的影响：一项横断面研究。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae036

Kazuhiro Kurihara, Munenaga Koda, Yu Zamami, Hotaka Shinzato, Yoshikazu Takaesu, Tsuyoshi Kondo

{"title":"Profiles and the impact of affective temperaments on alcohol use disorder: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kazuhiro Kurihara, Munenaga Koda, Yu Zamami, Hotaka Shinzato, Yoshikazu Takaesu, Tsuyoshi Kondo","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae036","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to explore the profiles and impact of affective temperaments, together with social and clinical backgrounds, including affective symptoms, in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD).Methods: This study included 314 low-risk drinkers and 257 patients with AUD. To assess affective temperament, we used the short version of the temperament evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego. To evaluate depressive and mixed symptoms, the quick inventory of depressive symptomatology self-report Japanese version and 12-item questionnaire for the quantitative assessment of the depressive mixed state were used. We compared the profiles of affective temperaments as well as social and clinical backgrounds, including affective symptoms, between the two groups and further performed logistic regression analyses to explore the factors contributing to AUD.Results: Our analysis showed higher cyclothymic, hyperthymic, and irritable temperament scores and lower depressive temperament scores in patients with AUD than that in nonclinical drinkers. Regarding other social and clinical backgrounds, patients with AUD were less educated and employed and more experienced depressive and mixed symptoms. Logistic regression analysis identified hyperthymic temperament as a positive contributor and depressive temperament as a negative contributor to AUD.Conclusions: Our findings indicated potential bipolarity in patients with AUD, as manifested by a more hyperthymic temperament in contrast to less depressive temperament. Despite their self-perceived adaptive temperament profiles, patients showed poorer social outcomes and more affective symptoms. This gap may be partly explained by a lack of insight unique to AUD psychology, which potentially disturbs problem recognition.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IQ in high school as a predictor of midlife alcohol drinking patterns. 高中智商是中年饮酒模式的预测因素。

IF 2.1 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae035

Natalie Druffner, Donald Egan, Swetha Ramamurthy, Justin O'Brien, Allyson Folsom Davis, Jasmine Jack, Diona Symester, Kelston Thomas, Jayme M Palka, Vishal J Thakkar, Edson Sherwood Brown

{"title":"IQ in high school as a predictor of midlife alcohol drinking patterns.","authors":"Natalie Druffner, Donald Egan, Swetha Ramamurthy, Justin O'Brien, Allyson Folsom Davis, Jasmine Jack, Diona Symester, Kelston Thomas, Jayme M Palka, Vishal J Thakkar, Edson Sherwood Brown","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae035","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between adolescent IQ and midlife alcohol use and to explore possible mediators of this relationship.Methods: Study data were from 6300 men and women who participated in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study of high-school students graduating in 1957. IQ scores were collected during the participants' junior year of high school. In 2004, participants reported the number of alcoholic beverages consumed (past 30 days) and the number of binge-drinking episodes. A multinomial logistic regression was conducted to determine the relationship between adolescent IQ and future drinking pattern (abstainer, moderate drinker, or heavy drinker), and Poisson regression was used to examine the number of binge-drinking episodes. Two mediators-income and education-were also explored.Results: Every one-point increase in IQ score was associated with a 1.6% increase in the likelihood of reporting moderate or heavy drinking as compared to abstinence. Those with higher IQ scores also had significantly fewer binge-drinking episodes. Household income, but not education, partially mediated the relationship between IQ and drinking pattern.Conclusions: The present study suggests that higher adolescent IQ may predict a higher likelihood of moderate or heavy drinking in midlife, but fewer binge-drinking episodes. The study also suggests that this relationship is mediated by other psychosocial factors, specifically income, prompting future exploration of mediators in subsequent studies.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A confirmatory factor analysis of a revised motives for playing drinking games (MPDG-33) scale among university students in the United States 对美国大学生玩饮酒游戏动机量表（MPDG-33）修订版的确认性因子分析

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae027

Byron L Zamboanga, Amie R Newins, Janine V Olthuis, Jennifer E Merrill, Heidemarie Blumenthal, Su Yeong Kim, Timothy J Grigsby, Patrick McClain, Dennis McChargue, Miguel Ángel Cano

{"title":"A confirmatory factor analysis of a revised motives for playing drinking games (MPDG-33) scale among university students in the United States","authors":"Byron L Zamboanga, Amie R Newins, Janine V Olthuis, Jennifer E Merrill, Heidemarie Blumenthal, Su Yeong Kim, Timothy J Grigsby, Patrick McClain, Dennis McChargue, Miguel Ángel Cano","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae027","url":null,"abstract":"Aim Participating in a drinking game (DG) is common practice among university students and can increase students’ risk for heavy drinking. Given the theoretical link between motivations to drink and alcohol use, careful consideration should be given to students’ motivations to play DGs. In this study, we examined the factor structure, internal consistency, and concurrent validity of a revised version of the motives for playing drinking games (MPDG) scale, the MPDG-33. Methods University students (n = 3345, Mage = 19.77 years, SDage = 1.53; 68.8% = women; 59.6% = White) from 12 U.S. universities completed a confidential online self-report survey that included the MPDG-33 and questions regarding their frequency of DG participation and typical drink consumption while playing DGs. Results Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the 7-factor model fit the data adequately, and all items had statistically significant factor loadings on their predicted factor. All subscales had adequate to excellent internal consistency and were positively correlated with the frequency of DG participation and the typical number of drinks consumed while playing DGs (though the correlations were small). Conclusion Findings suggest that the MPDG-33 can be reliably used in research and clinical settings to assess U.S. university students’ motives for playing DGs.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140834232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the relationship between prenatal alcohol exposure and children’s behavioural and emotional development: analysis of the Growing Up in New Zealand study 调查产前酒精接触与儿童行为和情感发展之间的关系：新西兰成长研究分析

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae029

Joanna Ting Wai Chu, Jessica McCormack, Yannan Jiang, Daniel Walsh, Holly Wilson, Samantha Marsh, Fiona Langridge, Chris Bullen

{"title":"Investigating the relationship between prenatal alcohol exposure and children’s behavioural and emotional development: analysis of the Growing Up in New Zealand study","authors":"Joanna Ting Wai Chu, Jessica McCormack, Yannan Jiang, Daniel Walsh, Holly Wilson, Samantha Marsh, Fiona Langridge, Chris Bullen","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae029","url":null,"abstract":"Aims To examine the relationship between prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and children’s behavioural and emotional development in a large generalizable sample of women and their children in Aotearoa New Zealand. Methods Using data from the Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal cohort, we investigated the relationship between maternal PAE and behavioural and emotional development in 8-year-old children. We explored secondary outcomes including measures of language, executive function, academic achievement, and adaptive behaviour. Results We found no significant differences in the measures of behavioural and emotional development in children 8 years old based on alcohol consumption. No significant differences in behavioural and emotional development were found based on amount of PAE and when PAE occurred, despite controlling for a range of potential confounding factors, such as neighbourhood deprivation and maternal health measures. PAE was associated with significantly higher scores for parent-rated oral language indicating better oral language. In Māori mothers, PAE was significantly associated with an increased risk of higher scores on two of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire subscales. Conclusions We did not find an association between PAE and behavioural and emotional development in children aged 8 years. PAE and behavioural and emotional development are difficult to measure accurately, and the moderating variables between them are complex. Future analyses will require larger cohorts of mothers and their children using precise measures of PAE and outcomes to enable more precise estimates of association.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140812082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol to-go sales policies at on-premise drinking establishments near large public US universities during the COVID-19 pandemic 在 COVID-19 大流行期间，美国大型公立大学附近的店内酒水销售政策

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae023

Erika M Rosen, Andrew Walker, Pamela J Trangenstein, Cassidy R LoParco, Melvin D Livingston, Adam E Barry, Matthew E Rossheim

{"title":"Alcohol to-go sales policies at on-premise drinking establishments near large public US universities during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Erika M Rosen, Andrew Walker, Pamela J Trangenstein, Cassidy R LoParco, Melvin D Livingston, Adam E Barry, Matthew E Rossheim","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae023","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Sweeping policy changes during the COVID-19 pandemic increased alcohol availability through permitted to-go sales, potentially posing unique risks to college students. While to-go sales may make binge drinking more convenient, little remains known about these practices. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether drinking establishments’ to-go sales practices are associated with their other operational practices and state policy. Method This cross-sectional analysis included 221 randomly selected bars, nightclubs, and restaurants within two miles of a large public university. Telephone interviews assessed establishment practices, and the Alcohol Policy Information System provided state alcohol to-go laws. Regression models tested whether establishment to-go sales practices were associated with their business practices (logistic regression) and state policy (generalized estimating equations). Results Nearly one-half (44.8%) of drinking establishments sold alcohol to-go. Establishments with higher vodka prices had nearly 30% higher odds of selling spirits to-go (aOR = 1.29) and establishments offering happy hours specials had more than twice the odds of selling beer (aOR = 2.22), wine (aOR = 2.53), and spirits to-go (aOR = 2.60). Additionally, establishments that implemented physical distance requirements had higher odds of selling wine to-go (aOR = 3.00). State to-go laws were associated with higher odds of selling wine (aOR = 3.99) and spirits to-go (aOR = 5.43) in the full sample and beer to-go (aOR = 4.92) in urban counties. Conclusions Establishments that sell alcohol to-go tend to engage in other practices designed to drive sales. Evaluations of alcohol to-go sales laws on risky consumption among priority populations, including college students, are urgently needed to inform decisions about how to appropriately regulate sales.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reductions in World Health Organization risk drinking level are associated with improvements in sleep problems among individuals with alcohol use disorder 降低世界卫生组织规定的危险饮酒量与改善饮酒障碍患者的睡眠问题有关

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae022

Christian C Garcia, Dylan K Richards, Felicia R Tuchman, Kevin A Hallgren, Henry R Kranzler, Henri-Jean Aubin, Stephanie S O’Malley, Karl Mann, Arnie Aldridge, Michaela Hoffman, Raymond F Anton, Katie Witkiewitz

{"title":"Reductions in World Health Organization risk drinking level are associated with improvements in sleep problems among individuals with alcohol use disorder","authors":"Christian C Garcia, Dylan K Richards, Felicia R Tuchman, Kevin A Hallgren, Henry R Kranzler, Henri-Jean Aubin, Stephanie S O’Malley, Karl Mann, Arnie Aldridge, Michaela Hoffman, Raymond F Anton, Katie Witkiewitz","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae022","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Among individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), sleep disturbances are pervasive and contribute to the etiology and maintenance of AUD. However, despite increased attention toward the relationship between alcohol use and sleep, limited empirical research has systematically examined whether reductions in drinking during treatment for AUD are associated with improvements in sleep problems. Methods We used data from a multisite, randomized, controlled trial that compared 6 months of treatment with gabapentin enacarbil extended-release with placebo for adults with moderate-to-severe AUD (N = 346). The Timeline Follow-back was used to assess WHO risk drinking level reductions and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality over the prior month at baseline and the end of treatment. Results Sleep problem scores in the active medication and placebo groups improved equally. Fewer sleep problems were noted among individuals who achieved at least a 1-level reduction (B = −0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) [−1.77, −0.20], P = .014) or at least a 2-level reduction (B = −0.80, 95% CI [−1.47, −0.14], P = .018) in WHO risk drinking levels at the end of treatment. Reductions in drinking, with abstainers excluded from the analysis, also predicted fewer sleep problems at the end of treatment (1-level: B = −1.01, 95% CI [−1.83, −0.20], P = .015; 2-level: B = −0.90, 95% CI [−1.59, −0.22], P = .010). Conclusions Drinking reductions, including those short of abstinence, are associated with improvements in sleep problems during treatment for AUD. Additional assessment of the causal relationships between harm-reduction approaches to AUD and improvements in sleep is warranted.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pulmonary symptoms associated with heavy alcohol consumption among people living with HIV: an analysis of the NHANES 1999–2010 与艾滋病病毒感染者大量饮酒有关的肺部症状：对 1999-2010 年国家健康调查（NHANES）的分析

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-06 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae021

Moses New-Aaron, Mohleen Kang, Samantha M Yeligar

{"title":"Pulmonary symptoms associated with heavy alcohol consumption among people living with HIV: an analysis of the NHANES 1999–2010","authors":"Moses New-Aaron, Mohleen Kang, Samantha M Yeligar","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae021","url":null,"abstract":"Aim This matched case–control study aimed to provide epidemiologic evidence of increased burden of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function decline among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and a history of heavy alcohol consumption. Methods Cases were participants with HIV (PWH; n = 75, 33%), and controls were participants without HIV (PWoH; n = 150, 67%). PWH were matched to PWoH by age and sex in the ratio of 1:2. Eligible participants responded to the respiratory health National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey questionnaire [prolonged coughs (≥3 months), bringing up of phlegm (≥3 months), and a history of wheezing or whistling in the chest (past year)]. The effects of both alcohol and HIV on participants’ pulmonary function were determined using linear regression analysis. Results History of heavy alcohol consumption was more prevalent among PWH (40%) compared to PWoH (27%). PWH who had a history of heavy alcohol consumption had a higher prevalence of coughing most days (45% vs. 4%, P = .0010), bringing up phlegm most days (31% vs. 0%, P = .0012), and wheezing or whistling in the chest (40% vs. 20%, P = .058) compared to participants who did not heavily consume alcohol. Furthermore, a history of heavy alcohol consumption was associated with decreased forced expiratory volume (ml) in 1 s/forced vital capacity among PWH (β = − 0.098 95% C.I. −0.16, −0.04, P = .03) after adjusting for having smoked at least 100 cigarettes in life. Conclusion A history of heavy alcohol use increased respiratory symptoms and suppressed pulmonary function among people living with HIV. This study provides epidemiological evidence of the respiratory symptom burden of people living with HIV who have a history of heavy alcohol consumption.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How frequently is alcohol advertised on television in Canada?: A cross-sectional study 加拿大电视上的酒类广告频率如何？横断面研究

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae020

Elise Pauzé, Adena Pinto, Monique Potvin Kent

{"title":"How frequently is alcohol advertised on television in Canada?: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Elise Pauzé, Adena Pinto, Monique Potvin Kent","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae020","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Alcohol marketing is a commercial driver of alcohol use, including among youth. This study sought to quantify and characterize alcohol advertising on broadcast television in Canada. Methods Open-source television program logs for January to December 2018 submitted to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission by 147 stations with alcohol advertisements were analyzed. Results Overall, 501 628 alcohol advertisements were broadcast. Four companies accounted for 83% of advertisements, namely, Anheuser-Busch in Bev (33.7%), Molson Coors (22.7%), Diageo (16.1%), and Arterra Wines Canada (10.8%). On conventional stations, advertising was highest on French-language stations [Median (Mdn) = 3224; interquartile range (IQR) = 2262] followed by those with programming in foreign/mixed languages (Mdn = 2679; IQR = 219) and English-language stations (Mdn = 1955; IQR = 1563). On speciality stations, advertising was most frequent on those primarily focused on sports programming (Mdn = 8036; IQR = 7393), movies and scripted shows (Mdn = 7463; IQR = 5937), and cooking (Mdn = 5498; IQR = 4032). On weekdays, 33% of alcohol ads aired from 6 to 9 a.m. and 3 to 9 p.m. and on weekends, 52% aired from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. when children or adolescents are more likely to be watching television. On youth-oriented stations (n = 4), 7937 alcohol advertisements were broadcast with most airing from 9 p.m. to midnight (44–45%) or 12–6 a.m. (50%) on both weekdays and weekends. Conclusions While few alcohol advertisements were broadcast on youth-oriented stations, young people in Canada are likely exposed to such advertising on programming intended for older or general audiences (e.g. sports). More research is needed to ascertain the extent to which broadcast television constitutes a source of alcohol advertising exposure among youth and to inform policies aimed at protecting them from the influence of such exposure.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive allosteric modulators of the GABAB receptor: a new class of ligands with therapeutic potential for alcohol use disorder GABAB 受体的正性异构调节剂：一类具有治疗酒精使用障碍潜力的新型配体

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae018

Giancarlo Colombo

{"title":"Positive allosteric modulators of the GABAB receptor: a new class of ligands with therapeutic potential for alcohol use disorder","authors":"Giancarlo Colombo","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae018","url":null,"abstract":"Background Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the GABAB receptor constitute a new class of GABAB-receptor ligands. GABAB PAMs reproduce several pharmacological effects of the orthosteric GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen, although displaying a better safety profile. Aims This paper reviews the reducing or, frequently, even suppressing effects of all GABAB PAMs tested to date on multiple alcohol-related behaviours in laboratory rodents exposed to validated experimental models of human alcohol use disorder. Results Acute or repeated treatment with CGP7930, GS39783, BHF177, rac-BHFF, ADX71441, CMPPE, COR659, ASP8062, KK-92A, and ORM-27669 reduced excessive alcohol drinking, relapse- and binge-like drinking, operant alcohol self-administration, reinstatement of alcohol seeking, and alcohol-induced conditioned place preference in rats and mice. Conclusions These effects closely mirrored those of baclofen; notably, they were associated to remarkably lower levels of tolerance and toxicity. The recent transition of ASP8062 to clinical testing will soon prove whether these highly consistent preclinical data translate to AUD patients.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0