Alcohol and alcoholism最新文献_第8页

How frequently is alcohol advertised on television in Canada?: A cross-sectional study 加拿大电视上的酒类广告频率如何？横断面研究

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae020

Elise Pauzé, Adena Pinto, Monique Potvin Kent

{"title":"How frequently is alcohol advertised on television in Canada?: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Elise Pauzé, Adena Pinto, Monique Potvin Kent","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae020","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Alcohol marketing is a commercial driver of alcohol use, including among youth. This study sought to quantify and characterize alcohol advertising on broadcast television in Canada. Methods Open-source television program logs for January to December 2018 submitted to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission by 147 stations with alcohol advertisements were analyzed. Results Overall, 501 628 alcohol advertisements were broadcast. Four companies accounted for 83% of advertisements, namely, Anheuser-Busch in Bev (33.7%), Molson Coors (22.7%), Diageo (16.1%), and Arterra Wines Canada (10.8%). On conventional stations, advertising was highest on French-language stations [Median (Mdn) = 3224; interquartile range (IQR) = 2262] followed by those with programming in foreign/mixed languages (Mdn = 2679; IQR = 219) and English-language stations (Mdn = 1955; IQR = 1563). On speciality stations, advertising was most frequent on those primarily focused on sports programming (Mdn = 8036; IQR = 7393), movies and scripted shows (Mdn = 7463; IQR = 5937), and cooking (Mdn = 5498; IQR = 4032). On weekdays, 33% of alcohol ads aired from 6 to 9 a.m. and 3 to 9 p.m. and on weekends, 52% aired from 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. when children or adolescents are more likely to be watching television. On youth-oriented stations (n = 4), 7937 alcohol advertisements were broadcast with most airing from 9 p.m. to midnight (44–45%) or 12–6 a.m. (50%) on both weekdays and weekends. Conclusions While few alcohol advertisements were broadcast on youth-oriented stations, young people in Canada are likely exposed to such advertising on programming intended for older or general audiences (e.g. sports). More research is needed to ascertain the extent to which broadcast television constitutes a source of alcohol advertising exposure among youth and to inform policies aimed at protecting them from the influence of such exposure.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive allosteric modulators of the GABAB receptor: a new class of ligands with therapeutic potential for alcohol use disorder GABAB 受体的正性异构调节剂：一类具有治疗酒精使用障碍潜力的新型配体

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae018

Giancarlo Colombo

{"title":"Positive allosteric modulators of the GABAB receptor: a new class of ligands with therapeutic potential for alcohol use disorder","authors":"Giancarlo Colombo","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae018","url":null,"abstract":"Background Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the GABAB receptor constitute a new class of GABAB-receptor ligands. GABAB PAMs reproduce several pharmacological effects of the orthosteric GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen, although displaying a better safety profile. Aims This paper reviews the reducing or, frequently, even suppressing effects of all GABAB PAMs tested to date on multiple alcohol-related behaviours in laboratory rodents exposed to validated experimental models of human alcohol use disorder. Results Acute or repeated treatment with CGP7930, GS39783, BHF177, rac-BHFF, ADX71441, CMPPE, COR659, ASP8062, KK-92A, and ORM-27669 reduced excessive alcohol drinking, relapse- and binge-like drinking, operant alcohol self-administration, reinstatement of alcohol seeking, and alcohol-induced conditioned place preference in rats and mice. Conclusions These effects closely mirrored those of baclofen; notably, they were associated to remarkably lower levels of tolerance and toxicity. The recent transition of ASP8062 to clinical testing will soon prove whether these highly consistent preclinical data translate to AUD patients.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Keeping you connected or keeping you addicted? Weekly use of social media platforms is associated with hazardous alcohol use and problem gambling among adults. 让你保持联系还是让你沉迷其中？成年人每周使用社交媒体平台与危险饮酒和问题赌博有关。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae024

Iina Savolainen, Atte Oksanen

{"title":"Keeping you connected or keeping you addicted? Weekly use of social media platforms is associated with hazardous alcohol use and problem gambling among adults.","authors":"Iina Savolainen, Atte Oksanen","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae024","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: A wide variety of social media platforms exist, each offering tailored solutions to attract specific target audiences based on their social media needs and interests. This diversity may pose a risk factor for the development or perpetuation of harmful behaviors. Research has established a connection between social media use and increased health risk behaviors. This six-wave exploratory longitudinal study investigated the associations between active social media use, hazardous alcohol use, and problem gambling among adult social media users.Methods: Data were collected via surveys in 6-month intervals, starting in March-April 2021 (T1: N = 1530; Mage = 46.67; SD = 16.42; 50.33% male). Of the T1 respondents, 58.10% participated in T6 (n = 889). Measures included the frequency of use of different social media platforms, the 3-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C), and the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Hybrid multilevel regression models were used for analyses.Results: We found positive within-person effects of weekly Facebook use and between-person effects of weekly use of Facebook, TikTok, and gambling-related online communities on drinking. These results suggest an increase in hazardous alcohol consumption over time among the platforms' active users. Weekly Instagram use had a negative between-person effect on hazardous alcohol use. Individuals using TikTok or gambling communities weekly were more prone to problem gambling compared to non-weekly users.Conclusions: There are risks involved in the active use of some social media services among adult users. Prevention work, including digital health interventions, should be targeted according to the appropriate user group.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11017780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the relationship between solitary drinking and living without other adults on alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. 探索 COVID-19 大流行期间独自饮酒与无其他成年人陪伴生活对酒精消费的影响。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae013

Yvette Mojica-Perez, Bree Willoughby, Dan Anderson-Luxford, Claire Wilkinson, Emmanuel Kuntsche, Sarah Callinan, Alison Ritter

{"title":"Exploring the relationship between solitary drinking and living without other adults on alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Yvette Mojica-Perez, Bree Willoughby, Dan Anderson-Luxford, Claire Wilkinson, Emmanuel Kuntsche, Sarah Callinan, Alison Ritter","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae013","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic presents the opportunity to learn about solitary drinking as many people were forced to spend time at home. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between solitary drinking and living without other adults on alcohol consumption.Methods: A longitudinal study with four survey waves (between May and November 2020) obtained seven-day drinking diary data from Australian adults living in New South Wales. In May, a convenience sample of 586 participants (Mage = 35.3, SD = 14.8; 65.3% women) completed the first wave. Participants then completed a survey in June (n = 319, 54.4% response rate), July/August (n = 225, 38.4% response rate), and November (n = 222, 37.9% response rate). Information about alcohol consumption including risky drinking (more than four drinks on one occasion), household structure, solitary drinking, and demographics were collected. We conducted random-effects panel bivariate and multivariable regression analyses predicting the number of standard drinks and risky drinking.Results: Participants with solitary drinking occasions consumed more and had more risky drinking occasions than participants with no solitary drinking occasions, which was also found to be the case during lockdown. Living without other adults was associated with less consumption and less risky drinking than living with other adults. However, participants who lived without other adults and had frequent solitary drinking occasions (solitary drinking in >50% drinking occasions) reported more consumption than participants without a solitary drinking occasion.Conclusions: Individuals who consume alcohol alone and live without other adults or spend long periods of time at home may be more at risk of alcohol-related harm.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10945291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140142615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation and loneliness as pathways to heavy drinking early in the pandemic. 隔离和孤独是导致大流行病早期大量饮酒的途径。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae012

Michael Fendrich, Jessica Becker, Beth S Russell, Crystal L Park

{"title":"Isolation and loneliness as pathways to heavy drinking early in the pandemic.","authors":"Michael Fendrich, Jessica Becker, Beth S Russell, Crystal L Park","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: social isolation and forced quarantines during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic coincided with a steep and persistent rise in alcohol consumption among US adults. While the association between loneliness and drinking is well established, less is known about the impact of social isolation (a known correlate of loneliness) and the interplay between these two variables in relation to drinking.Methods: we recruited US adults using the MTurk platform for an online survey in early April 2020. The initial survey was followed up with a second wave, 30 days later in mid to late May. Data from the current analyses focus on this second wave of data collection.Results: we found significant direct effects on heavy drinking for both social isolation (c' = 0.495; P < .01) and loneliness (b = 0.071; P < .05). We also found a significant indirect path from social isolation to heavy drinking through social isolation's impact on elevating loneliness (a = 0.919; P < .001). The indirect effect of social isolation on the composite measure of heavy drinking was 0.0652 (0.919 × 0.071) and was significant at the 0.05 level after bootstrapping estimates of the variance were constructed.Conclusions: those most isolated early in the pandemic were at increased risk for heavy drinking, in part because their social isolation led to increased loneliness. Post-pandemic research is needed to explore whether the relationships that stemmed from social isolation during the pandemic led to a persistent pattern of behavioral risk that maintained high rates of heavy drinking.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10973935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140304367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between alcohol taxes and varied health outcomes among women of reproductive age and infants. 酒精税与育龄妇女和婴儿各种健康结果之间的关系。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae015

Meenakshi S Subbaraman, Alex Schulte, Nancy F Berglas, William C Kerr, Sue Thomas, Ryan Treffers, Guodong Liu, Sarah C M Roberts

{"title":"Associations between alcohol taxes and varied health outcomes among women of reproductive age and infants.","authors":"Meenakshi S Subbaraman, Alex Schulte, Nancy F Berglas, William C Kerr, Sue Thomas, Ryan Treffers, Guodong Liu, Sarah C M Roberts","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae015","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: No studies have examined whether alcohol taxes may be relevant for reducing harms related to pregnant people's drinking.Method: We examined how beverage-specific ad valorem, volume-based, and sales taxes are associated with outcomes across three data sets. Drinking outcomes came from women of reproductive age in the 1990-2020 US National Alcohol Surveys (N = 11 659 women $le$ 44 years); treatment admissions data came from the 1992-2019 Treatment Episode Data Set: Admissions (N = 1331 state-years; 582 436 pregnant women admitted to treatment); and infant and maternal outcomes came from the 2005-19 Merative Marketscan® database (1 432 979 birthing person-infant dyads). Adjusted analyses for all data sets included year fixed effects, state-year unemployment and poverty, and accounted for clustering by state.Results: Models yield no robust significant associations between taxes and drinking. Increased spirits ad valorem taxes were robustly associated with lower rates of treatment admissions [adjusted IRR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91, 0.99]. Increased wine and spirits volume-based taxes were both robustly associated with lower odds of infant morbidities [wine aOR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96, 0.99; spirits aOR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.00] and lower odds of severe maternal morbidities [wine aOR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86, 0.97; spirits aOR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.97]. Having an off-premise spirits sales tax was also robustly related to lower odds of severe maternal morbidities [aOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.96].Conclusions: Results show protective associations between increased wine and spirits volume-based and sales taxes with infant and maternal morbidities. Policies that index tax rates to inflation might yield more public health benefits, including for pregnant people and infants.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10945295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140142614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying excessive chronic alcohol use with phosphatidylethanol in patients with suspected severe injury-results from the IDART study. 用磷脂酰乙醇识别疑似重伤患者长期过度饮酒--IDART 研究的结果。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae014

Benedicte M Jørgenrud, Camilla C Bråthen, Jo Steinson Stenehjem, Thomas Kristiansen, Leiv Arne Rosseland, Stig Tore Bogstrand

{"title":"Identifying excessive chronic alcohol use with phosphatidylethanol in patients with suspected severe injury-results from the IDART study.","authors":"Benedicte M Jørgenrud, Camilla C Bråthen, Jo Steinson Stenehjem, Thomas Kristiansen, Leiv Arne Rosseland, Stig Tore Bogstrand","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae014","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute and chronic alcohol use are well-known risk factors for accidents and injuries, and concurrent psychoactive drug use can increase injury risk further. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) 16:0/18:1 is a biomarker used to determine alcohol consumption the previous 3-4 weeks. The aim was to investigate the prevalence of chronic alcohol use in trauma patients, as determined by PEth 16:0/18:1 concentrations, and how excessive chronic alcohol use relate to demographic variables, injury mechanisms and drug use.Setting: Patients received at Norwegian trauma hospitals from March 2019 to February 2020. The study is part of the Impairing Drugs and Alcohol as Risk factors for Traumatic Injuries study.Methods: All patients aged ≥ 16 years received with trauma team were included in the study. Data on injury date and mechanism, gender and age was registered. Blood samples were analyzed for 22 psychoactive medicinal and illicit drugs, ethanol and phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1. Regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between alcohol use and gender, age, injury mechanism and drug use.Results and conclusion: Of the 4845 patients included in the study, 10% had PEth 16:0/18:1 concentration ≥ 600 nM (~430 ng/mL), indicative of excessive chronic alcohol use. Being male, between 44-61 years old, involved in violence, and testing positive for medicinal drugs was associated with excessive chronic alcohol use.Excessive chronic alcohol use was common among males, middle-aged, patients with violence as injury mechanism and those with medicinal drug use. These findings emphasize the need to detect and treat excessive chronic alcohol use among trauma patients.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10945293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140142616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Educational inequalities and alcohol-related consequences in Brazil. 巴西的教育不平等和与酒精相关的后果。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae030

Leandro Machado Oliveira, Flávio Fernando Demarco, Fabrício Batistin Zanatta

{"title":"Educational inequalities and alcohol-related consequences in Brazil.","authors":"Leandro Machado Oliveira, Flávio Fernando Demarco, Fabrício Batistin Zanatta","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae030","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to test whether the alcohol harm paradox (AHP) is observed in Brazil by investigating (i) the association between educational attainment and alcohol-related consequences (ARC) and (ii) the contribution of average alcohol volume consumed (AVC), past-month heavy episodic drinking (HED), smoking, body mass index (BMI), and depression in accounting for the disparities in ARC.Methods: We analysed data from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey, a nationally representative household survey. The composite ARC outcome was considered present when an individual reported a past-year episode of activity failure, amnesia, and concern by others due to alcohol consumption. Adjusted binary logistic regression models were fitted using a hierarchical approach to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI), and to assess the contribution of each set of variables in attenuating the educational differences in ARC.Results: Those from the lowest educational strata (incomplete elementary school) exhibited higher odds of ARC than their counterparts (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.73-2.37). Although smoking, BMI, and depression attenuated the educational gradient (i.e. reduced the difference between reference and riskier categories) in ARC by ~13%, the adjustment for AVC and HED amplified inequalities by 0.3% and 5.7%, respectively.Conclusion: We found evidence of the AHP in Brazil. Educational inequalities in ARC were scarcely attenuated by behavioural factors, and a suppression effect was noted when adjusting for AVC and HED.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of rifampicin on TLR4-signaling pathways in the nucleus accumbens of the rat brain during abstinence of long-term alcohol treatment. 利福平对长期戒酒大鼠脑内伏隔核 TLR4 信号通路的影响

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae016

Marat Airapetov, Sergei Eresko, Polina Ignatova, Andrei Lebedev, Evgenii Bychkov, Petr Shabanov

{"title":"Effect of rifampicin on TLR4-signaling pathways in the nucleus accumbens of the rat brain during abstinence of long-term alcohol treatment.","authors":"Marat Airapetov, Sergei Eresko, Polina Ignatova, Andrei Lebedev, Evgenii Bychkov, Petr Shabanov","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae016","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The treatment with the antibiotic rifampicin (Rif) led to a decrease in the frequency of neurodegenerative pathologies. There are suggestions that the mechanism of action of Rif may be mediated by its effect on toll-like receptor (TLR)4-dependent pathways. We evaluated the expression status of TLR4-dependent genes during abstinence from long-term alcohol treatments in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the rat brain, and also studied the effects of Rif to correct these changes.Methods: The long-term alcohol treatment was performed by intragastric delivery of ethanol solution. At the end of alcohol treatment intraperitoneal injections of Rif (100 mg/kg) or saline were made. Extraction of the brain structures was performed on the 10th day of abstinence from alcohol. We used the SYBR Green qPCR method to quantitatively analyze the relative expression levels of the studied genes.Results: The long-term alcohol treatment promotes an increase in the level of TLR4 mRNA and mRNA of its endogenous ligand high-mobility group protein B1 during abstinence drop alcohol in NAc of rats. The use of Rif in our study led to a decrease in the increased expression of high-mobility group protein B1, Tlr4, and proinflammatory cytokine genes (Il1β, Il6) in the NAc of the rat brain during abstinence of long-term alcohol treatment. In addition, Rif administration increased the decreased mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (Il10, Il11).Conclusion: The data obtained indicate the ability of Rif to correct the mechanisms of the TLR4 system genes in the NAc of the rat brain during alcohol abstinence.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140193088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) as an indicator for alcohol use in a psychiatrically ill population. 将高密度脂蛋白（HDL）作为精神病患者饮酒的指标。

IF 2.8 4区医学

Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae028

Nicole M Benson, Amin Yakubu, Boyu Ren, Carol Aboud, Victoria Vargas, Shelly F Greenfield, Alisa B Busch

{"title":"High-density lipoprotein (HDL) as an indicator for alcohol use in a psychiatrically ill population.","authors":"Nicole M Benson, Amin Yakubu, Boyu Ren, Carol Aboud, Victoria Vargas, Shelly F Greenfield, Alisa B Busch","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae028","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To examine the cross sectional and longitudinal associations between the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C) and differences in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in a psychiatrically ill population.Methods: Retrospective observational study using electronic health record data from a large healthcare system, of patients hospitalized for a mental health/substance use disorder (MH/SUD) from 1 July 2016 to 31 May 2023, who had a proximal AUDIT-C and HDL (N = 15 915) and the subset who had a repeat AUDIT-C and HDL 1 year later (N = 2915). Linear regression models examined the association between cross-sectional and longitudinal AUDIT-C scores and HDL, adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics that affect HDL.Results: Compared with AUDIT-C score = 0, HDL was higher among patients with greater AUDIT-C severity (e.g. moderate AUDIT-C score = 8.70[7.65, 9.75] mg/dl; severe AUDIT-C score = 13.02 [12.13, 13.90] mg/dL[95% confidence interval (CI)] mg/dl). The associations between cross-sectional HDL and AUDIT-C scores were similar with and without adjusting for patient demographic and clinical characteristics. HDL levels increased for patients with mild alcohol use at baseline and moderate or severe alcohol use at follow-up (15.06[2.77, 27.69] and 19.58[2.77, 36.39] mg/dL[95%CI] increase for moderate and severe, respectively).Conclusions: HDL levels correlate with AUDIT-C scores among patients with MH/SUD. Longitudinally, there were some (but not consistent) increases in HDL associated with increases in AUDIT-C. The increases were within range of typical year-to-year variation in HDL across the population independent of alcohol use, limiting the ability to use HDL as a longitudinal clinical indicator for alcohol use in routine care.","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0