Alcohol and alcoholism最新文献

{"title":"Four pillars of spirituality: an interpretive guide for the 12 Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous.","authors":"Deborah S Finnell, Timothy J Finnell","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Developed over nine decades ago, the 12 Steps were intended to provide structured and clear guidelines to promote recovery from alcohol use. The steps are designed to help individuals find a sense of purpose, meaning, and hope. The 12 Steps are meant to be guides for an ongoing process or spiritual progress. A more concrete way of understanding the steps relative to spiritual principles may be instructive for those working the steps and seeking a fulfilling meaning and purpose for their lives.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper provides a framework for understanding the 12 Steps in accord with four principles of spirituality: awareness, acceptance, interdependence, and self-transcendence.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A matrix was developed using each of the four principles of spiritualty. Each word or phrase from each of the 12 Steps was assigned to one principle. Examples for key words or phrases were provided.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each of the 12 Steps are mapped to the four principles of spirituality, with annotations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The resulting guide serves as a concrete and instructive guide to understanding the spiritual nature of the 12 Steps.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of alcoholic cardiomyopathy from 1990 to 2021: an age-period-cohort analysis using the global burden of disease 2021 study.","authors":"Yuan Wang, Xiaohan Jing, Feilong Zhang, Di Tian, Yuting Chen, Ye Wu, Ronghui Yu","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaf025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a serious public health problem, alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) has caused a heavy burden of disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To summarize and deeply analyze the development trend of ACM at the global, regional, and national levels in the past 30 years, this study used the age-period-cohort model to analyze the age, period, and cohort effects of the prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of ACM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results found that the overall time trend of ACM prevalence, deaths, and DALYs had been decreasing worldwide, but the opposite trend was observed in some countries and regions. The disease burden of male ACM patients was significantly higher than that of female patients. Moreover, the ASRs of prevalence, deaths, and DALYs for ACM were positively correlated with sociodemographic index levels. Finally, this study predicted that ACM prevalence will continue to decline over the next 10 years, while death rates and DALYs are expected to increase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the results of this study provided an insightful, up-to-date global perspective on time trends in ACM-related disease burden, shedding light on the inadequacy of ACM prevention, control, and intervention programs at multiple levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivation, self-efficacy, and identity-double-edged swords for relapse prevention in patients with alcohol related cirrhosis.","authors":"Christopher Oldroyd, Tamar Avades, Graham P Martin, Caitlin Notley, Michael E D Allison","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Despite the critical importance of alcohol abstinence for patients with advanced liver disease, rates of returning to alcohol remain high and engagement with relapse prevention interventions is low. This study explores the potential barriers to relapse prevention in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients who had alcohol-related cirrhosis or alcohol-associated hepatitis. Interviews took place during a hospital admission. The study methodology was informed by a constructivist grounded theory approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three participants were recruited from two sites. Participants had a mean age of 52 (range 30-60) and there were 10 female participants (30%). Most participants were actively drinking alcohol at time of admission (n = 26) and 16 participants were interviewed during their index admission with alcohol-related liver disease.A renewed understanding of the health risk posed by future alcohol made participants confident that they would not return to alcohol use and participants felt that the most important factor in relapse prevention was their own motivation and willpower. However, many rejected the identity label of 'alcoholic' and drew a distinction between themselves and 'bad drinkers'. These factors combined to create a barrier to relapse prevention therapies, since participants felt these were neither appropriate nor necessary for them.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Enhanced self-efficacy, a belief in the importance of willpower, and a rejection of the alcoholic identity can together act to reduce engagement in relapse prevention in patients with advanced liver disease. Relapse prevention interventions should be reframed or redesigned to address these barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12096075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in economic indicators, alcohol use, and alcohol-attributable health indicators in India.","authors":"Jürgen Rehm, Ahmed S Hassan, Ari Franklin, Jayadeep Patra, Ashley Wettlaufer, Huan Jiang, Kevin D Shield","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaf024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Economic development leading a country from a low- to middle-income status is usually associated with increases in alcohol consumption and decreases in all-cause mortality, despite increases in alcohol-attributable mortality. We analyzed this tradition for India during the years 2000-19, with attention to alcohol policy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Joinpoint analysis identified points of trend change and associated slopes for alcohol-attributable mortality and burden (disability-adjusted life years) between 2000 and 2019. Structural equation modeling assessed the relationship among adult alcohol per capita consumption, gross domestic product per capita at purchasing power parity (GDP-PPP per capita), alcohol-attributable mortality, and all-cause mortality, where mortality rates were log-transformed in the models. Pearson correlation was evaluated among study variables. Literature review examined alcohol policies in India.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the first decade between 2000 and 2019, a rapidly and steadily increasing GDP-PPP per capita was associated with marked increases in alcohol consumption and decreases in all-cause mortality, despite increasing alcohol-attributable mortality. After 2010, the economic growth still increased, but the increase in alcohol consumption halted, likely due to strong alcohol control policies in availability restrictions (dry states, dry periods, high legal purchasing age and restrictions in density, and purchasing hours), as well as a high tax share on final price.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alcohol policies seem to have prevented further increases in alcohol consumption and attributable harm and thus should be upheld. Otherwise, increases in these harms will prevent India from fully reaping the health benefits of economic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive value of participant subgroups in a temporary alcohol abstinence challenge: compliance with abstinence and changes in drinking behaviour.","authors":"Nathalie Kools, Andrea D Rozema, Dike van de Mheen, Rob H L M Bovens, Jolanda J P Mathijssen","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dividing participants of Temporary alcohol Abstinence Challenges (TACs) into subgroups can improve intervention effectiveness by identifying individuals who require extra support. In a previous study, participant subgroups were identified based on determinants of behaviour change, including drinking refusal self-efficacy, craving, and behavioural automaticity. However, the predictive value of these subgroups for TAC success remains unknown. This study examined their predictive value for (i) abstinence during a TAC and (ii) changes in drinking behaviour.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were analysed from 1800 Dutch TAC participants who completed baseline and eight-month follow-up questionnaires. Binary logistic regression assessed the effect of subgroup on abstinence. Ordinal and binary logistic regressions within Generalized Estimating Equation models examined subgroup effects on drinking behaviour changes, including drinking frequency, glasses per drinking day, and excessive volumes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TAC subgroups differed in abstinence and in changes in drinking frequency and glasses per drinking day on weekdays. 'Habitual drinkers with perceived control to refuse' and 'drinkers in control' were more likely to abstain during the challenge than 'ordinary drinkers', whereas 'drinkers not in control' were less likely to abstain. 'Drinkers in control' showed smaller reductions in drinking frequency and glasses per drinking day on weekdays compared with 'ordinary drinkers'. No significant differences were found in changes in excessive drinking volumes and glasses per drinking day on weekends.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated the predictive value of subgroups for abstinence but found limited predictive value for changes in drinking behaviour after the challenge. Future research could explore personalized support to optimize behaviour change.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explaining socioeconomic inequalities in alcohol use disorder symptoms: the role of social capital and drinking motives.","authors":"Karen Schelleman-Offermans, Alessandro Sasso, Karlijn Massar, Cátia Pinto Teixeira","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Empirical evidence of the buffering effect of social capital and its underlying psychosocial mechanisms on socio-economic inequalities in alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms is limited. As socio-economic disadvantages often go together with deficits in resources and considering social capital's beneficial effects on health, we hypothesized a stronger buffering (at high scores) and a cumulative disadvantaged effect (at low scores) of social capital on AUD symptoms among people reporting higher socio-economic disadvantage compared with their more advantaged counterparts. Additionally, we investigated whether this moderation effect was associated with drinking motives.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three-hundred and sixty-five young adults participated in a cross-sectional online questionnaire measuring all model variables. First, we tested a moderation model, including AUD symptoms (DV), perceived socio-economic disadvantage (IV), and social capital (moderator). Secondly, we tested a moderated mediation model, additionally including drinking motives as mediators of the moderation effect tested in the first model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the case of high social capital, young adults reporting higher socio-economic disadvantage reported fewer AUD symptoms than their advantaged counterparts, which was associated with their lower endorsement of coping, enhancement, and social motives. When social capital was low, those reporting higher socio-economic disadvantages showed higher AUD symptoms than their advantaged counterparts, which was associated with their higher endorsement of coping motives only.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Social capital can buffer (at high levels) or aggravate (at low levels) socio-economic inequalities in AUD symptoms, and drinking for coping, enhancement, and social motives may explain why this happens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of cytochrome P4502E1 in ethanol mediated diseases: a narrative update.","authors":"Samir Zakhari, Manuela Neuman, Helmut K Seitz","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytochrome P450 (CYPs) superfamily of enzymes metabolize thousands of endogenous and exogenous substrates including ethanol. Results: Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) is involved in ethanol metabolism as part of the so-called microsomal ethanol metabolizing system, in the metabolism of fatty acids and some drugs such as acetaminophen and isoniazid, and in the activation of a variety of procarcinogens (PCs). Chronic ethanol consumption induces CYP2E1 which may result in an enhanced metabolism of these drugs to their toxic intermediates, and in the generation of carcinogens. In addition, ethanol oxidation increases and is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This oxidative stress is an important driver for the development of alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD) and alcohol-mediated cancer (AMC). ROS may bind directly to proteins and to DNA. ROS may also lead to lipid peroxidation (LPO) with the generation of LPO products. These LPO products may bind to DNA forming etheno-DNA adducts. Cell culture studies as well as animal experiments have shown that CYP2E1 knock-out animals or the inhibition of CYP2E1 by chemicals results in a significant improvement of liver histology. CYP2E1 is also involved in pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. More recent studies in patients with AALD have demonstrated an improvement of serum transaminase activities when CYP2E1 was inhibited by clomethiazole. In addition to its role in the generation of ROS, CYP2E1 also enhances the activation of PCs and decreases the level of retinol and retinoic acid in the liver. Conclusion: Inhibition of CYP2E1 may improve AALD and may inhibit AMC.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal drinking, stress and use of aggressive parenting over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Jennifer Price Wolf, Bridget Freisthler","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaf020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic had a demonstrated impact on parenting but little is known about how parental drinking, stress, and use of aggressive discipline (a parenting behavior associated with abusive parenting and negative outcomes for children) have changed over time. We examine rates of alcohol use, stress, and aggressive discipline at three time points during the COVID-19 pandemic and investigate what maternal, child, and time-varying factors predict weekly use of aggressive parenting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We use longitudinal data from the Central Ohio Family Study (COFLS), including women (n = 234) with a child between the ages of 0-12 and recruited via Facebook, Craigslist.org, and word of mouth. Participants completed an on-line survey for 3 consecutive years beginning in April-May 2020 and 1 and 2 years later. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine use of aggressive discipline at the three time points, controlling for time-varying, and maternal and child characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Past week use of aggressive discipline peaked in Wave 1 (35.9%) and decreased at Wave 2 (3.8%) and Wave 3 (28.2%; OR = .463; 95% CI: .369, .580). Parental stress (OR = 1.052; 95% CI: 1.010, 1.096), social isolation (OR = 1.412; 95% CI: 1.197, 1.668), social companionship (OR = 1.113; 95% CI: 1.007, 1.229), and frequency of drinking (OR = 1.049; 95% CI: 1.014, 1.085) were significantly related to higher odds of using aggressive discipline over the three waves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although rates of aggressive discipline declined, frequency of drinking and stress demonstrated a consistent pattern in relation to aggressive discipline during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of acute alcohol consumption in a novel rodent model of decision-making.","authors":"Atanu Giri, Cory N Heaton, Serina A Batson, Andrea Y Macias, Neftali F Reyes, Alexis A Salcido, Luis D Davila, Lara I Rakocevic, Dirk W Beck, Raquel J Ibañez Alcalá, Safa B Hossain, Paulina Vara, Sabrina M Drammis, Kenichiro Negishi, Laura E O'Dell, Adrianna E Rosales, Travis M Moschak, Ki A Goosens, Alexander Friedman","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaf017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We sought to explore how acute alcohol exposure alters decision-making in rats performing an approach-avoid decision-making task. Increasing concentrations of alcohol were mixed with decreasing concentrations of sucrose to mimic mixed/sweetened alcoholic beverages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were trained on an apparatus in which different concentrations of sucrose were available in four different corners of the arena. During daily sessions, a tone signaled each trial start, followed by illumination (15 lux, blue LEDs) of a single corner port, indicating the potential availability of sucrose at that location. The rat (one rat per arena, both females and males) then chose to approach the lit corner to have the solution dispensed or avoid it, with no solution being dispensed. We examined how the decisions to pursue sucrose rewards shifted with the addition and subsequent removal of ethanol from the sucrose ports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Males were greatly affected by the introduction of alcohol into the task environment, shifting their approach preference to solutions containing higher alcohol concentrations rather than maintaining the prior preference for high-sucrose-concentration solutions. In contrast, females' choice patterns and task performance remained largely unchanged. We also explore a method for identifying changes in decision-making tendencies during and after alcohol consumption within individual subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research explores the introduction of alcohol in varying concentrations with sucrose solutions during an approach-avoid task, with male decision-making and behavioral patterns significantly impacted. We also explore a novel approach for identifying individual adaptations of decision-making behavior when alcohol becomes available, which could be expanded upon in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of 30-day readmission among those treated with alcohol withdrawal in acute hospitals in England.","authors":"Thomas Phillips, Rachel Coleman, Simon Coulton","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agaf022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaf022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine predictors of 30-day readmissions to acute hospitals in England for patients treated for alcohol withdrawal (AW).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of routine hospital administrative data (i.e. Hospital Episode Statistics-Admitted Patient Care records) for adults admitted to non-specialist hospitals in England 2017-18.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AW admissions were associated with digestive, circulatory, respiratory, and endocrine disorders and were of short duration (median 3 days). Of the 19 588 completed AW admissions examined in 2017-18, 3957 (20.2%) resulted in readmission within 30 days. The strongest predictors of 30-day readmission were being no fixed abode (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.81, 95%CI 1.44-2.26), prior discharge against medical advice (AOR 1.57, 95%CI 1.40-1.77), and greater Charlson comorbidity index total score (AOR 1.02, 95%CI 1.02-1.03).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>AW 30-day admissions are common and associated to complex case presentations that require high levels of community support on discharge. Hospital-based alcohol teams should prioritize strategies, which maximize medically managed AW, effective transitions to specialist community care including outreach teams and strong collaborations with physical and mental health outpatient services. Together with specialist initiatives within community mental health teams, assertive outreach, and homeless services 30-day readmissions may be minimized.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}