Journal of mood and anxiety disorders最新文献

{"title":"Association between prescriber practices and major depression treatment outcomes","authors":"Sarah Rathnam ,&nbsp;Abhishek Sharma ,&nbsp;Kamber L. Hart ,&nbsp;Pilar F. Verhaak ,&nbsp;Thomas H. McCoy ,&nbsp;Roy H. Perlis ,&nbsp;Finale Doshi-Velez","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Practice variability may represent an opportunity to improve care by identifying the differences in outcomes associated with differences in practice. To characterize differences in depression treatment outcomes among individual providers in outpatient psychiatry practices and primary care practices, we examined a longitudinal cohort derived from outpatient electronic health records from two academic medical centers and six community hospitals in Eastern Massachusetts. This cohort included antidepressant-treated individuals with an ICD-9/10 diagnosis of major depressive disorder, and deidentified health care providers treating at least 10 such patients per year between 2008 and 2022. We examined the association between individual provider prescribing characteristics and proportions of treated patients who do not follow up after initial antidepressant prescription or who achieve a stable ongoing prescription. In binomial regression models, among 104 psychiatrists, greater heterogeneity in antidepressant prescribing and lesser proportion of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)¹ prescribed were associated with greater rates of achieving stability (for heterogeneity, adjusted odds ratio AOR, 1.55 [95 % CI, 1.22 – 2.06]; for proportion of SSRIs, AOR, 0.01 [95 % CI, 0.00–0.59]). Among 369 primary care physicians, greater volume of depression encounters per year, but not prescribing heterogeneity, was associated with greater rates of achieving stability (for encounters, AOR, 2.15 [95 % CI, 1.61 – 2.89]; for heterogeneity, AOR, 0.99 [95 % CI, 0.85 – 1.15]). Primary care and psychiatry predictors are not the same and therefore suggest potentially distinct strategies to improve clinical outcomes in each setting. <strong>Trial Registration</strong>: N/A</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000348/pdfft?md5=7f358efa07edf57de3e43d7cdb14a667&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000348-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing research domain criteria symptoms among psychiatric inpatients using large language models","authors":"Thomas H. McCoy ,&nbsp;Roy H. Perlis","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We sought to characterize the ability of large language models to estimate NIMH Research Domain Criteria dimensions from narrative clinical notes of adult psychiatric inpatients, deriving estimate of overall burden of symptoms in each domain. We extracted consecutive admissions to a psychiatric inpatient unit between December 23, 2009 and September 27, 2015 from the electronic health records of a large academic medical center. Admission and discharge notes were scored with a HIPAA-compliant instance of a large language model (gpt-4–1106-preview). To examine convergent validity, the resulting estimates were correlated with those derived using an earlier method; for predictive validity, they were examined for association with length of hospitalization and probability of readmission. The cohort included 3619 individuals, 1779 female (49 %), 1840 male (51 %) with mean age 44 (SD=16.6). We identified modest correlations between LLM-derived RDoC scores and a previously validated scoring method, with Kendall’s tau between from.07 for arousal and 0.27 for positive and cognitive domains (p &lt; .001 for all of these). For admission notes, greater scores on cognitive, sensorimotor, negative, and social domains were significantly associated with longer length of hospitalization in linear regression models including sociodemographic features (p &lt; .01 for all of these); positive valence was associated with shorter hospitalization (p &lt; .001). For discharge notes, social, arousal, and positive valence were associated with likelihood of readmission within 180 days in adjusted logistic regression models (p &lt; .05 for social and arousal, p &lt; .001 for positive valence). Overall, LLM-derived estimates of RDoC psychopathology demonstrated promising convergent and predictive validity, suggesting this approach may make real-world application of the RDoC framework more feasible.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000336/pdfft?md5=713aa34765aff14b5d678c6003870dac&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000336-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141849994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eye-tracking measurement of attention bias to social threat among youth: A replication and extension study","authors":"Meghan E. Byrne ,&nbsp;Sara Kirschner ,&nbsp;Anita Harrewijn ,&nbsp;Rany Abend ,&nbsp;Amit Lazarov ,&nbsp;Lucrezia Liuzzi ,&nbsp;Katharina Kircanski ,&nbsp;Simone P. Haller ,&nbsp;Yair Bar-Haim ,&nbsp;Daniel S. Pine","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Attentional bias to social threat cues has been linked to heightened anxiety and irritability in youth. Yet, inconsistent methodology has limited replication and led to mixed findings. The current study aims to 1) replicate and extend two previous pediatric studies demonstrating a relationship between negative affectivity and attentional bias to social threat and 2) examine the test-retest reliability of an eye-tracking paradigm among a subsample of youth. Attention allocation to negative versus non-negative emotional faces was measured using a free-viewing eye-tracking task among youth (<em>N =</em> 185 total, 60 % female, <em>M</em>_age = 13.10 years, <em>SD</em>_age = 2.77) with three face-pair conditions: happy-angry, neutral-disgust, sad-happy. Replicating procedures of two previous studies, linear mixed-effects models compared attention bias between children with anxiety disorders and healthy controls. Bifactor analysis was used to parse shared versus unique facets of general negative affectivity (i.e., anxiety, irritability), which were then examined in relation to attention bias. Test-retest reliability of the bias-index was estimated among a subsample of youth (<em>N</em> = 36). No significant differences in attention allocation or bias emerged between anxiety and healthy control groups. While general negative affectivity across the sample was not associated with attention bias, there was a positive relationship for anxiety and irritability on duration of attention allocation toward negative faces. Test-retest reliability for attention bias was moderate (<em>r</em> = 0.50, <em>p</em> &lt; .01). While anxiety-related findings from the two previous studies were not replicated, the relationship between attention bias and facets of negative affect suggests a potential target for treatment. Evidence for test-retest reliability encourages future use of the eye-tracking task for researchers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000294/pdfft?md5=1b7e7c53ad07458570fd3c413efa2d7e&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000294-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood unpredictability is associated with increased risk for long- and short-term depression and anhedonia symptoms following combat deployment","authors":"Christopher Hunt ,&nbsp;Meghan Vinograd ,&nbsp;Laura M. Glynn ,&nbsp;Elysia Poggi Davis ,&nbsp;Tallie Z. Baram ,&nbsp;Hal Stern ,&nbsp;Caroline Nievergelt ,&nbsp;Bruna Cuccurazzu ,&nbsp;Cindy Napan ,&nbsp;Dylan Delmar ,&nbsp;Dewleen G. Baker ,&nbsp;Victoria B. Risbrough","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High unpredictability has emerged as a dimension of early-life adversity that may contribute to a host of deleterious consequences later in life. Early-life unpredictability affects development of limbic and reward circuits in both rodents and humans, with a potential to increase sensitivity to stressors and mood symptoms later in life. Here, we examined the extent to which unpredictability during childhood was associated with changes in mood symptoms (anhedonia and general depression) after two adult life stressors, combat deployment and civilian reintegration, which were assessed ten years apart. We also examined how perceived stress and social support mediated and /or moderated links between childhood unpredictability and mood symptoms. To test these hypotheses, we leveraged the Marine Resiliency Study, a prospective longitudinal study of the effects of combat deployment on mental health in Active-Duty Marines and Navy Corpsman. Participants (<em>N</em> = 273) were assessed for depression and anhedonia before (pre-deployment) and 3–6 months after (acute post-deployment) a combat deployment. Additional assessment of depression and childhood unpredictability were collected 10 years post-deployment (chronic post-deployment). Higher childhood unpredictability was associated with higher anhedonia and general depression at both acute and chronic post-deployment timepoints (<em>β</em>s <u>&gt;</u> 0.16, <em>p</em>s <u>&lt;</u>.007). The relationship between childhood unpredictability and subsequent depression at acute post-deployment was partially mediated by lower social support (<em>b</em> = 0.07, 95% CI [0.03, 0.15]) while depression at chronic post-deployment was fully mediated by a combination of lower social support (<em>b</em> = 0.14, 95% CI [0.07, 0.23]) and higher perceived stress (<em>b</em> = 0.09, 95% CI [0.05, 0.15]). These findings implicate childhood unpredictability as a potential risk factor for depression in adulthood and suggest that increasing the structure and predictability of childhood routines and developing social support interventions after life stressors could be helpful for preventing adult depression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004423000457/pdfft?md5=ebed24e0834e247233b508ef00594226&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004423000457-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141429020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune cell markers associated with early life major depressive episodes","authors":"Roxann Roberson-Nay ,&nbsp;Dana M. Lapato ,&nbsp;Amanda Gentry ,&nbsp;Eva E. Lancaster ,&nbsp;Timothy P. York","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emerging evidence indicates an association between altered immune system functioning, inflammatory response activation, and major depression (MD). This study examined the association between major depression in young people and the monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Inflammation markers were estimated from DNA methylation data using an established cell-mixture deconvolution algorithm and examined in a well-characterized, antidepressant free epidemiological sample of young twins (N = 170). No statistically significant differences were observed between young persons with and without Lifetime MD for the MLR and NLR. A post-hoc analysis of time since last major depressive episode (MDE) indicated that more recent MDEs were associated with higher MLR and NLR levels compared to temporally distant MDEs. A second post-hoc analysis using the full sample determined that past year MDEs were associated with elevated MLR and NLR scores compared to persons unaffected by lifetime MD and person experiencing their last MDE over one year ago. Finally, T cell immunity was most consistently associated with recent MDEs, suggesting that levels of this adaptive immune cell were diminished. Young people experiencing a recent MDE demonstrated increased levels of inflammation with T cells exhibiting the most persistent associations with depression outcomes. Etiological and treatment implications of results are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000038/pdfft?md5=a5c028d6ba5af3dfa4d1115d9678d05c&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000038-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139538610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of TMS on anhedonia and suicidal ideation in treatment-resistant depression: Outcomes from the University of Minnesota Interventional Psychiatry Program","authors":"A. Irem Sonmez ,&nbsp;Ryan Webler ,&nbsp;Alyssa M. Krueger ,&nbsp;Clara Godoy-Henderson ,&nbsp;Christi Sullivan ,&nbsp;Saydra Wilson ,&nbsp;Sarah Olsen ,&nbsp;Sabine Schmid ,&nbsp;Alexander Herman ,&nbsp;Alik Widge ,&nbsp;Carol Peterson ,&nbsp;Ziad Nahas ,&nbsp;C. Sophia Albott","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A developing literature suggests that transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can target anhedonia and suicidal ideation (SI), core symptoms of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This present naturalistic study extends the existing literature by investigating the connection between changes in anhedonia and suicidal ideation (SI) related to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), independent of any overall changes in depression.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Pre and post treatment PHQ-9 and IDS-SR data were collected from 181 TRD patients who received dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ( dlPFC) TMS using the Figure-8 or H1-coil. Changes in overall depression symptoms, anhedonia, and SI were analyzed using chi square tests, repeated measure ANOVAS, and linear regression for repeated measures.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>TMS yielded changes in overall depression symptoms (PHQ-9 Cohen’s <em>d</em> = 1.02; IDS-SR Cohen’s <em>d</em> = 1.05), with 23.9 % and 41.7 % of patients experiencing response as measured by IDS-SR and PHQ-9, respectively. TMS treatment was also associated with large changes in both anhedonia (<em>d</em> = 1.03) and SI (<em>d</em> = 0.88), which were similar in magnitude to changes in all other depression symptoms (<em>d</em> = 0.97). Importantly, changes in anhedonia predicted changes in SI, even after controlling for baseline depression severity and change in other depression symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The lack of a control arm and a neuroimaging measure temper mechanistic conclusion.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results reinforce the effectiveness of TMS in TRD and provide new evidence that anhedonia and SI may belong to a broader symptom cluster potentially undergirded by a shared circuitry accessible to dlPFC TMS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000270/pdfft?md5=ed1926cd46c298926013b8be92ba242a&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000270-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141481340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent negative autobiographical memories and mental health","authors":"M. Alexandra Kredlow ,&nbsp;Hayley E. Fitzgerald ,&nbsp;Joseph K. Carpenter ,&nbsp;Nadine R. Taghian ,&nbsp;Michael W. Otto ,&nbsp;Stefan G. Hofmann ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Phelps","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Recurrent symptom-relevant negative autobiographical memories are common in patients with emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression, even among those without a trauma-related diagnosis. Recurrent negative autobiographical memories may also contribute to distress in non-clinical populations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To examine the prevalence of recurrent negative autobiographical memories and associated psychological features, we recruited a student sample (<em>n</em> = 101) and a treatment-seeking sample of patients with emotional disorders (<em>n</em> = 123). We hypothesized that recurrent negative autobiographical memories would be associated with higher levels of psychological symptoms and rumination. We also conducted exploratory analyses of participants’ most bothersome memory.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In each sample, individuals who endorsed recurrent negative autobiographical memories had significantly higher depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms as well as greater rumination. In the treatment-seeking sample, where memories also had to be identified by patients as symptom-relevant, those who endorsed memories also had significantly higher clinician-rated symptom severity for their primary diagnosis. The majority of participants in each sample endorsed moderate or greater re-experiencing (sample 1: 79 %, sample 2: 66 %) and avoidance symptoms (sample 1: 78 %, sample 2: 58 %) related to their most bothersome memory.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Recurrent negative autobiographical memories relate to mental health symptoms in both clinical and non-clinical samples. Further research should explore whether targeting such memories reduces distress or improves wellbeing in these populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000282/pdfft?md5=2da2d86b7f7561b27bf29c0f8af5923e&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000282-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the relationship between emotion regulation, sleep quality, and anxiety disorder diagnosis","authors":"Bryana L. Schantz ,&nbsp;Emma R. Toner ,&nbsp;Mackenzie L. Brown ,&nbsp;Nikki Kaiser ,&nbsp;Alan Chen ,&nbsp;Samrachana Adhikari ,&nbsp;Susanne S. Hoeppner ,&nbsp;Eric Bui ,&nbsp;Naomi M. Simon ,&nbsp;Kristin L. Szuhany","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anxiety disorders are highly comorbid with sleep disturbance and have also been associated with deficits in emotion regulation, the ability to control and express emotions. However, the extent to which specific dimensions of sleep disturbance and emotion regulation are associated with anxiety diagnosis is not well-explored. This study examined dimensions of emotion regulation and sleep disturbance that may predict greater likelihood of anxiety diagnosis using novel machine learning techniques. Participants (Mean(SD) age= 28.6(11.3) years, 62.7% female) with primary anxiety disorders (n = 257), including generalized anxiety disorder (n = 122) and social anxiety disorder (n = 135), and healthy controls (n = 89) completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. A conditional inference tree was fit to classify likelihood of current anxiety diagnosis based on predictors. The best model fit included 4 split nodes and 5 terminal nodes. Worse scores on two emotion regulation subscales, strategies directed to manage negative emotions and nonacceptance of negative emotions, were the best predictors of current anxiety diagnosis (99.3% probability of diagnosis). For those with better emotion regulation, poor sleep quality and worse daytime functioning due to sleep were important predictors of anxiety diagnosis. Good emotion regulation and non-disturbed sleep predicted high likelihood of being a non-psychiatric control (88.2%). Limitations include cross-sectional design precluding designating directionality of effects of sleep and emotion regulation on anxiety onset; limited sample size; and self-reported sleep. Facets of emotion regulation and sleep disturbance may be important early targets for brief intervention for anxiety disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000269/pdfft?md5=68381e0495e02dde6359991ed2fca936&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000269-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-method assessment of emotional processes predicting longitudinal anxiety symptom trajectories in an adolescent clinical sample","authors":"Doga Cetinkaya ,&nbsp;Sydney A. DeCaro ,&nbsp;Margarid R. Turnamian ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Poon ,&nbsp;Evan M. Kleiman ,&nbsp;Richard T. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Emotion recognition, reactivity, and regulation are important in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. Whether and how these processes differentiate between different trajectories in anxiety remain unclear. The current study examined emotional processes as prospective predictors of anxiety symptom trajectories in psychiatrically hospitalized youth.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Participants were 180 adolescents (<em>M</em>_age = 14.89; <em>SD</em> = 1.35) from a psychiatric inpatient unit. At index hospitalization, participants completed a behavioral task assessing facial emotion recognition, and self-report measures of emotion dysregulation and reactivity. They completed a self-report measure on anxiety symptoms at baseline and 3, 6, 12, and 18 months post-discharge. Latent growth curve analysis was conducted to identify subgroups of individuals based upon their trajectory of anxiety symptoms across 18-months. ANOVAs were used to examine subgroup differences in emotional processing variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three distinct trajectories were identified, a stable moderate-to-high anxiety group, a group with moderate-to-high anxiety at baseline with symptom improvement over time, and a group characterized by relatively stable low-to-moderate anxiety throughout the study. The two initially moderate-to-high anxiety groups scored higher for emotion dysregulation and emotion reactivity at baseline compared to the low-to-moderate anxiety group. Emotion regulation difficulties relating to emotional non-acceptance were higher for the stable moderate-to-high anxiety group than for the moderate-to-high anxiety group that experience symptom improvement over time.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings may have clinical implications for discharge planning. Future studies should explore emotion regulation with a focus on non-acceptance of one’s emotional experiences as a potential target of intervention in individuals with elevated anxiety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000257/pdfft?md5=d9e9e029584e14e32a78632201db6ad0&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000257-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between experiences of discrimination, anxiety, and mood symptoms in Black women: Investigating the mediating role of attentional control","authors":"Courtney C. Louis ,&nbsp;NiCole T. Buchanan ,&nbsp;Jason S. Moser","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A recent study found that attentional control is a key mechanism that accounts for the association between discriminatory experiences and health outcomes in Black women. We replicate and extend this finding by testing the mediating role of attentional control in the association between discrimination and symptoms of anxiety and depression symptoms. A total of 128 Black women completed an online survey that assessed experiences of discrimination, anxiety, depression and attentional control. Three models were conducted to examine associations between experiences of discrimination and three outcomes (worry, anxious arousal, and anhedonic depression), and whether attentional control mediated these effects. Our findings revealed that more frequent discrimination predicted less attentional control and heightened anxiety symptoms. In support of our hypotheses, we found that attentional control mediated the association between discrimination and anxious arousal and anhedonic depression. Attentional control did not mediate the association between experiences of discrimination and worry, however. Our findings dovetail with previous research suggesting that experiences of discrimination tax prefrontal regions associated with attentional control and could be a pathway that leads to somatic anxiety and depression. Our findings also amplify the need to assess experiences of discrimination in therapeutic assessment and intervention with Black women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000245/pdfft?md5=a49a327ac352df4f87be89943e064087&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000245-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}