Journal of mood and anxiety disorders最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive, behavioral, and affective mechanisms underlying the efficacy of Applied Relaxation in reducing psychopathological symptoms: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Eva Asselmann ,&nbsp;Frank Rückert ,&nbsp;Hanna Kische ,&nbsp;Monique Zenker ,&nbsp;Lars Pieper ,&nbsp;Katja Beesdo-Baum","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study examined the cognitive, behavioral, and affective mechanisms underlying the efficacy of Applied Relaxation (AR) in reducing psychopathological symptoms. AR is a cognitive-behavioral technique that allows for rapid relaxation at the first sign of stress or tension in daily life.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 277 adults (18–55 years) with elevated symptoms of depression, anxiety, or stress but without a 12-month DSM-5 mental disorder at study entry. Participants were randomized to an intervention group receiving AR training (10 weeks, N = 139) and an assessment-only control group (N = 138). Mental health outcomes (depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms) and potential cognitive (self-efficacy, perceived control), behavioral (coping behaviors) and affective (positive and negative affect) mediators of the intervention efficacy were assessed at baseline and post-assessment in both groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Structural equation models indicated that baseline to post reductions in psychopathological symptoms due to AR partially passed through less avoidance-oriented and less other dysfunctional coping (proportion of total effect mediated; ratio of indirect to total effect: resignation: 55.0%, rumination: 27.9%, escape: 27.4%, aggression: 21.3%), less negative affect (46.3%), more positive affect (41.8%), lower external control beliefs (14.5%), and higher self-efficacy (13.3%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results suggest that improvements in cognitive, behavioral, and affective mediator variables partially explain the intervention efficacy of AR in improving mental health.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration and data statement</h3><p>The study protocol has been pre-registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03311529). The study protocol, minimum dataset, and analysis codes are available at OpARA - Open Access Repository and Archive. Supplementary materials (e.g., the course manual and additional training materials) are available on request from the last author ([email protected]).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000099/pdfft?md5=cb07cef1960460dede381e82364672ab&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000099-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139965644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Music interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review","authors":"Crystal C. Wang ,&nbsp;Mariel Emrich ,&nbsp;Hal Rives ,&nbsp;Annell Ovalles ,&nbsp;Drew Wright ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Wyka ,&nbsp;JoAnn Difede","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is growing literature supporting the efficacy of music interventions for a range of conditions, including anxiety, stress, and pain. Alongside this, research on neurobiological processes involved in the experience of music has illuminated potential mechanisms for music’s role in mental health treatments. Music has the potential to act on the circuitry of the brain involved in the autonomic dysregulation associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We conducted a systematic review to identify studies examining the effects of music interventions on PTSD symptoms in adults. Five databases were searched which resulted in 2454 articles, with 1478 screened on title and abstract, and 288 screened at full text. 14 studies met inclusion criteria for the review. Study samples ranged from 6 to 330 participants who endorsed PTSD symptoms consequent to various traumas. Most studies were feasibility studies (<em>n</em> = 9), which employed the traditional music therapy format of therapist-led interventions (<em>n</em> = 11). While effective, these require active participation and are resource-intensive. Studies that used passive listening also showed a benefit of the music intervention (<em>n</em> = 5). All but one study reported a decrease in PTSD symptoms (<em>n</em> = 13). Although these findings should be interpreted considering the limitations of the studies (including small sample sizes and lack of rigorous control groups), these results demonstrate the promise of music interventions. Thus, as interest in music medicine grows rapidly amidst the increasing public health burden of PTSD, additional studies of the effect of music on PTSD symptoms are warranted. Studies that employ brief, self-directed, passive-listening music interventions that are delivered in inexpensive, scalable, and flexible formats may be especially promising.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000075/pdfft?md5=48791924f6aef4a1a8f2f8449da22bba&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000075-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139829323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in mindfulness facets across yoga, CBT and stress education in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder","authors":"Danielle Moskow Diamond ,&nbsp;David Rosenfield ,&nbsp;Nikki Kaiser ,&nbsp;Amanda W. Baker ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Hoge ,&nbsp;Sat Bir S. Khalsa ,&nbsp;Stefan G. Hofmann ,&nbsp;Naomi M. Simon","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Improving mindfulness is an important treatment target for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). However, less is known about how different treatments impact specific aspects of mindfulness. In a clinical trial (Simon et al., 2021), 226 individuals with GAD were randomized to 12 weeks of Kundalini Yoga (KY), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or stress education (SE). To examine whether specific facets of mindfulness, as measured by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) change more than others across treatment and between treatments, we ran a multi-variate multilevel growth curve model (MMLM). Results indicated that while the Non-judge, Act with Awareness, and Non-react facets increased significantly during treatment, the Observe and Describe facets did not. Improvement in the Acting with Awareness facet during treatment was significantly greater for KY than CBT. These findings reveal the need to better understand how behavioral treatments can influence specific components of mindfulness for those with anxiety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000129/pdfft?md5=2f4896c334a1686806e2ca7faaac57fe&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000129-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune cell markers associated with early life major depressive episodes","authors":"Roxann Roberson-Nay ,&nbsp;Dana M. Lapato ,&nbsp;Amanda Gentry ,&nbsp;Eva E. Lancaster ,&nbsp;Timothy P. York","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emerging evidence indicates an association between altered immune system functioning, inflammatory response activation, and major depression (MD). This study examined the association between major depression in young people and the monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Inflammation markers were estimated from DNA methylation data using an established cell-mixture deconvolution algorithm and examined in a well-characterized, antidepressant free epidemiological sample of young twins (N = 170). No statistically significant differences were observed between young persons with and without Lifetime MD for the MLR and NLR. A post-hoc analysis of time since last major depressive episode (MDE) indicated that more recent MDEs were associated with higher MLR and NLR levels compared to temporally distant MDEs. A second post-hoc analysis using the full sample determined that past year MDEs were associated with elevated MLR and NLR scores compared to persons unaffected by lifetime MD and person experiencing their last MDE over one year ago. Finally, T cell immunity was most consistently associated with recent MDEs, suggesting that levels of this adaptive immune cell were diminished. Young people experiencing a recent MDE demonstrated increased levels of inflammation with T cells exhibiting the most persistent associations with depression outcomes. Etiological and treatment implications of results are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000038/pdfft?md5=a5c028d6ba5af3dfa4d1115d9678d05c&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000038-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139538610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart rate variability during inpatient treatment of depression","authors":"Lennard Geiss ,&nbsp;Beate Beck ,&nbsp;Mark Stemmler ,&nbsp;Thomas Hillemacher ,&nbsp;Katharina M. Hösl","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is linked to reduced heart rate variability, an index of cardiovascular autonomic modulation (CAM). However, treatment effects on CAM are poorly known. Our objective was to assess if initiation of inpatient treatment has a beneficial effect on CAM in MDD patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In 30 MDD inpatients, we recorded RR-intervals (RRI), continuous blood pressure (BPsys, BPdia), skin conductance levels (SCL), respiration frequency (RESP) and current medication within 24 h (T1) and 3 weeks after hospital admission (T2) during resting state and metronomic breathing. The same parameters were recorded once at baseline in 30 controls without mental disorders. We computed indices of sympathetic modulation, parasympathetic modulation and parameters reflecting total CAM. Physiological parameters were compared using MANCOVAS. Symptoms of depression were assessed using Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM-D) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), we used rmANOVAs to compare t1 and t2 questionnaire data.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>BDI and HAM-D scores were lower at T2 than T1 (both p &lt; 0.01). RRI was lower in T1 patients than in controls (p = 0.021), while BPdia (p = 0.038) and RESP (p = 0.014) were higher in T1 patients than controls. MDD patients showed lower parameters of parasympathetic modulation and total CAM than controls during resting state (parasympathetic p = 0.003; total CAM p = 0.017) and metronomic breathing (parasympathetic p = 0.040; total CAM p = 0.007). Analysis unveiled lower parameters of parasympathetic modulation in T1 patients compared to T2 patients during baseline (p = 0.046). No differences between T1 and T2 patients during metronomic breathing were found.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>MDD patients showed lower CAM than controls. Contrary to our assumption, we found a decline of parasympathetic modulation in MDD patients over the observation span despite symptomatic improvement. The decline is presumably due to the initiation of psychopharmacotherapy and changes in premedication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000130/pdfft?md5=87a73fd161efebc0e39ace845c9013c8&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000130-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139999619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The state of anxiety treatments for adolescents and adults down syndrome: Results from a scoping rapid review","authors":"Jill C. Fodstad ,&nbsp;Lauren B. Jones ,&nbsp;Micah Iticovici ,&nbsp;Rachel M. Russell ,&nbsp;Molly Bullington ,&nbsp;Emily Meudt","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adolescents and adults with Down syndrome are noted to display symptoms consistent with various anxiety disorders. While evidenced-based practices, including psychotherapies and psychopharmacology, exist and effectively treat anxiety in neurotypical populations, less is known about anxiety treatments for persons with Down syndrome. A scoping rapid review was conducted in April 2023 to determine what treatments are being used to target anxiety in adolescents and adults with Down syndrome, the quality of those treatments, and their alignment with current evidence-based practices. A total of eleven articles, primarily single case or case series, published between 1981 and 2022 were identified targeting adolescents and adults with Down syndrome diagnosed with specific phobias, selective mutism, generalized anxiety disorder, agoraphobia with panic, and non-specific anxiety symptoms. Interventions used most often aligned with evidence-based anxiety treatment guidelines and included psychotherapy, complementary and alternative medicine, and psychopharmacology. While most studies reported positive treatment responses showing reductions in anxiety symptoms post-treatment, the quality and generalizability of the studies was primarily poor. More rigorous research evaluating the effects of treatment for anxiety symptoms in the DS population are needed to develop guidelines to address anxiety disorders in this vulnerable population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000105/pdfft?md5=8273d53d779be8156ecce4dbea1b4080&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000105-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139935900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and acceptability of a virtual mindfulness intervention for Black adults with PTSD and depression: Randomized controlled trial","authors":"Abigail Powers ,&nbsp;Emma C. Lathan ,&nbsp;Elizabeth McAfee ,&nbsp;Yara Mekawi ,&nbsp;H. Drew Dixon ,&nbsp;Estefania Lopez ,&nbsp;Shifa Ali ,&nbsp;Rebecca Hinrichs ,&nbsp;Bekh Bradley ,&nbsp;Sierra Carter ,&nbsp;Nadine J. Kaslow","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) offers promise as a group-based intervention to alleviate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms in traumatized Black adults. Given the high level of barriers that exist for low-income Black adults, virtual delivery of MBCT may be helpful. This pilot randomized controlled trial assessed feasibility and acceptability of an adapted 8-week virtual MBCT group intervention for Black adults screening positive for PTSD and depression. Forty-six participants (89.3% women) recruited from an urban safety net hospital were randomized to MBCT or waitlist control (WLC). Overall feasibility was fair (70%); however, completion rates were higher for WLC than MBCT (90% vs. 54%). Group acceptability was high across quantitative and qualitative measures for study completers. Perceived barriers to psychological treatment were high (&gt;9). While showing potential via improved coping skills and positive health changes, this intervention's success hinges on mitigating engagement barriers for future delivery; additional studies are warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000026/pdfft?md5=d8251ec0c87ea7abc5e4896b8dd7af11&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000026-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139473298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skill use mediates the within-person effect of the alliance on session-to-session changes in anxiety and depression in the Unified Protocol","authors":"Martina Fruhbauerova ,&nbsp;Douglas R. Terrill ,&nbsp;Stephen A. Semcho ,&nbsp;Nicole E. Stumpp ,&nbsp;Jesse P. McCann ,&nbsp;Shannon Sauer-Zavala ,&nbsp;Matthew W. Southward","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Both the therapeutic alliance and the specific skills taught in treatment are thought to contribute to change in cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), but it is unclear if or how these processes influence each other and outcomes in treatment. We tested the hypothesis that the degree to which patients used CBT skills would mediate the relation between the alliance and session-to-session changes in anxiety and depression.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Adult participants (<em>N</em> = 70; <em>M</em>_age = 33.74, 67% female, 70% White) with emotional disorders were randomized to receive 6 or 12 sessions of the Unified Protocol. Before each session, participants reported anxiety and depression severity and past-week skillfulness. After each session, participants rated the strength of the alliance. We tested whether greater within-person skillfulness mediated the relation between within-person alliance strength and session-to-session changes in anxiety and depression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Skillfulness significantly mediated the effect of the alliance on session-to-session changes in anxiety, <em>ab</em> = –.02, <em>p</em> = .04, and depression, <em>ab</em> = –.02, <em>p</em> = .02, such that a stronger alliance predicted greater next-session skillfulness, which predicted session-to-session decreases in anxiety and depression. When alliance subscales were examined separately, the strongest effect was observed for agreement on therapy tasks.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Improvements in the alliance may facilitate skill use and indirectly predict reductions in anxiety and depression through skill use in CBT. We encourage research on how to enhance both the alliance and skillfulness in CBT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004423000433/pdfft?md5=24d5de372d1c8ca56d5f6ec8e836dc60&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004423000433-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138839394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological effects of trauma negative and positive coping, resilience, and psychological distress among Chinese healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Shujing Zhang ,&nbsp;Daphne Y. Liu ,&nbsp;Jinbing Bai ,&nbsp;Jia-Chen Fu ,&nbsp;Feng Jiang ,&nbsp;Eric Nehl ,&nbsp;Huanzhong Liu ,&nbsp;Yanqun Liu ,&nbsp;Chunhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi-lang Tang ,&nbsp;Nadine J. Kaslow","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2023.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Limited data are available on risk (psychological effects of trauma, negative coping) and protective (resilience, positive coping) factors for psychological distress among Chinese healthcare workers (HCWs) during the pandemic. Thus, this study investigated the: (1) association between both the psychological effects of trauma and negative coping and psychological distress; and (2) moderating effects of resilience and positive coping on these associations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants (<em>n</em> = 196; <em>M</em>_age = 32.8; <em>SD</em> _age = 7.5; 77% female) from two hospitals in China completed self-report measures of the psychological effects of trauma (Impact of Event Scale-Revised), negative and positive coping (Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire), resilience (Connor Davidson Resilience Scale) and distress (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale; Patient Health Questionnaire-9) in March 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results from this cross-sectional study revealed that HCWs who endorsed greater psychological effects of trauma had more psychological distress when they had lower levels of positive coping ((DASS-21 (<em>b</em> = −0.03, <em>SE</em> = 0.01, <em>p</em> = .007); PHQ-9 (<em>b</em> = −0.005, <em>SE</em> = 0.002, <em>p</em> = .015)). HCWs who endorsed more negative coping had more psychological distress when they were less resilient ((DASS-21 (<em>b</em> = −0.02, <em>SE</em> = 0.01, <em>p</em> = .035); PHQ-9 ((<em>b</em> = −0.01, <em>SE</em> = 0.002, <em>p</em> = .031)) and used less positive coping ((DASS-21 (<em>b</em> = −0.13, <em>SE</em> = 0.03, <em>p</em> &lt; .001); PHQ-9 (<em>b</em> = −0.02, <em>SE</em> = 0.006, <em>p</em> &lt; .001)).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Psychological distress level was higher among HCWs who experienced more trauma or used negative coping strategies. They also had lower resilience and relied less on positive coping strategies. To help HCWs in China during public health crises, interventions must bolster their resilience and positive coping skills.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004423000469/pdfft?md5=227a590c031a41f66c9817c39b69811f&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004423000469-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between risk perception, anxiety and paranoia – A predictive model in a community sample","authors":"Suzanne H. So ,&nbsp;Anson Kai Chun Chau ,&nbsp;Brandon A. Gaudiano ,&nbsp;Lyn Ellett ,&nbsp;Tania M. Lincoln ,&nbsp;Eric M.J. Morris ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Kingston","doi":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xjmad.2024.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Biases in risk perception (e.g. excessive attribution of likelihood of negative events happening to oneself, or perceived harm of neutral events) have been suggested as risk factors for psychopathologies such as generalised anxiety and persecutory ideation, although this line of research is limited by small samples and a lack of a suitable risk perception scale.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using the Risk Perception Questionnaire, four risk perception dimensions (likelihood, harm, controllability, and intentionality) of negative and neutral events were tested in association with anxiety and paranoia. In view of common co-occurrence between the two symptom variables, their associations with risk perception were tested by using partial correlations (at baseline) and comparisons of cross-lagged path models (over 3 months).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A representative community-based sample of 445 adults were included. At baseline, after controlling for correlations between levels of anxiety and paranoia, anxiety was uniquely correlated with three risk perception dimensions for negative events (likelihood, harm, and intentionality), whereas paranoia was uniquely correlated with all risk perception dimensions for both negative and neutral events. The best-fitted cross-lagged path model revealed that, after controlling for auto-regressions within variables, baseline level of anxiety predicted perceived harm of negative events at 3 months, whereas baseline levels of perceived intentionality of neutral events and likelihood of negative events predicted level of paranoia at 3 months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While risk perception of negative events is shared between anxiety and paranoia, risk perception of neutral events is uniquely characteristic of paranoia. Implications on maintenance of sub-clinical symptoms are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73841,"journal":{"name":"Journal of mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950004424000063/pdfft?md5=0077f63d286e2309cc26f2714a960730&pid=1-s2.0-S2950004424000063-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139635711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}