Advances in medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"The vitamin D analog EB1089 sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to the antiproliferative effects of antiestrogens","authors":"Adriana Zárate-Pérez ,&nbsp;Alitzin Pamela Cruz-Cázares ,&nbsp;David Ordaz-Rosado ,&nbsp;Janice García-Quiroz ,&nbsp;Alfonso León-Del-Rio ,&nbsp;Euclides Avila ,&nbsp;Edgar Milo-Rocha ,&nbsp;Lorenza Díaz ,&nbsp;Rocío García-Becerra","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Patients bearing estrogen receptor (ER)α-negative breast cancer tumors confront poor prognosis and are typically unresponsive to hormone therapy. Previous studies have shown that calcitriol, the active vitamin D metabolite, can induce ERα expression in ERα-negative cells. EB1089, a calcitriol analog with reduced calcemic effects, exhibits greater potency than calcitriol in inhibiting cancer cell growth. However, the impact of EB1089 on ERα expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether EB1089 could induce functional ERα expression in TNBC cell lines, potentially enabling the antiproliferative effects of antiestrogens.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>TNBC cell lines HCC1806 and HCC1937 were treated with EB1089, and ERα expression was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blots. The transcriptional activity of induced ERα was evaluated through a luciferase reporter assay. The antiproliferative effects of tamoxifen and fulvestrant antiestrogens were assessed using the sulforhodamine B assay in the EB1089-treated cells.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our findings indicated that EB1089 significantly induced ERα mRNA and protein expression in TNBC cells. Moreover, EB1089-induced ERα exhibited transcriptional activity and effectively restored the inhibitory effects of antiestrogens, thereby suppressing cell proliferation in TNBC cells.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>EB1089 induced the expression of functional ERα in TNBC cells, restoring the antiproliferative effects of antiestrogens. These results highlight the potential of using EB1089 as a promising strategy for re-establishment of the antiproliferative effect of antiestrogens as a possible management for TNBC. This research lays the foundation for potential advancements in TNBC treatment, offering new avenues for targeted and effective interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 398-406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between sleep disorders and clinical outcomes of patients with primary biliary cholangitis","authors":"Shijing Dong ,&nbsp;Simin Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiangpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Nian Chen,&nbsp;Jiwen Li,&nbsp;Zongze Han,&nbsp;Ruiyun Liu,&nbsp;Chenyang Xuan,&nbsp;Weirong Wang,&nbsp;Liping Guo,&nbsp;Lu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease characterized by a range of symptoms, including sleep disturbances. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders and the associations between sleep disorders and clinical outcomes in PBC.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>We enrolled 177 patients with PBC and 165 healthy controls (age- and sex-matched). Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Demographic and clinical data were collected from comprehensive clinical records to investigate whether sleep disorder was correlated with disease severity, therapeutic response and liver cirrhosis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with PBC (50.8 ​%) was significantly higher than healthy controls (18.2 ​%). Patients with sleep disorders presented with higher levels of laboratory parameters including globulin (GLO), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and immunoglobulin M (IgM), as well as higher ratio of poor therapeutic response and liver cirrhosis (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). There was a positive correlation between global PSQI score and AST, ALP, GGT, TBIL, DBIL and IgM in patients with PBC. Patients with poor therapeutic response and liver cirrhosis in PBC had a higher proportion of sleep disorders and more chaotic sleep patterns, whereas a stronger correlation between sleep quality and laboratory parameters was found in patients with liver cirrhosis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Sleep disorders were prevalent and manifested as adverse effects in PBC. Assessment of sleep quality and intervention were essential to the overall clinical management of patients with PBC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 385-390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1896112624000464/pdfft?md5=b0492704685fc4e303759be7a34651df&pid=1-s2.0-S1896112624000464-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiation of solid and friable tumour thrombus in patients with renal cell carcinoma: The role of MRI apparent diffusion coefficient","authors":"Paweł Kowal ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Ratajczyk ,&nbsp;Wiktor Bursiewicz ,&nbsp;Maciej Trzciniecki ,&nbsp;Karolina Marek-Bukowiec ,&nbsp;Joanna Rogala ,&nbsp;Vasyl Kowalskyi ,&nbsp;Jozef Dragasek ,&nbsp;Andrea Botikova ,&nbsp;Peter Kruzliak ,&nbsp;Yulian Mytsyk","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Inferior vena cava (IVC) involvement by renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with a higher disease stage and is considered a risk factor for poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of MRI 3D texture analysis in the differentiation of solid and friable tumour thrombus in patients with RCC.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study involved 27 patients with RCC with tumour thrombus in the renal vein or IVC, surgically treated with nephrectomy and thrombectomy and in whom preoperatively abdominal MRI including the DWI sequence was conducted. For 3D texture analysis, the ADC map was used, and the first-order radiomic features were calculated from the whole volume of the thrombus. All tumour thrombi were histologically classified as solid or friable.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The solid and friable thrombus was detected in 51.9 ​% and 48.1 ​% of patients, respectively. No differences in mean values of range, 90th percentile, interquartile range, kurtosis, uniformity and variance were found between groups. Equal sensitivity and specificity (93 ​% and 69 ​%, respectively) of ADC mean, median and entropy in differentiation between solid and friable tumour thrombus, with the highest AUC for entropy (0.808), were observed. Applying the skewness threshold value of 0.09 allowed us to achieve a sensitivity of 86 ​% and a specificity of 92 ​%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In patients with RCC and tumour thrombus in the renal vein or IVC, the 3D texture analysis based on ADC-map allows for precise differentiation of a solid from a friable thrombus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 434-442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142278820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Spermine Oxidase gene and proinflammatory cytokines expression in gastric cancer patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection – A pilot study in Polish population","authors":"Magdalena Dzikowiec ,&nbsp;Sandra Galant ,&nbsp;Przemysław Lik ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Góralska ,&nbsp;Dariusz Nejc ,&nbsp;Janusz Piekarski ,&nbsp;Alicja Majos ,&nbsp;Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota ,&nbsp;Dorota Pastuszak-Lewandoska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Many types of cancer have infectious origins. Gastric cancer patients can demonstrate high seroprevalence of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>). The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of <em>SMOX</em> gene in the group of Polish patients with gastric cancer. <em>SMOX</em> is believed to promote <em>H. pylori</em>-induced carcinogenesis via inflammation, DNA damage and activation of β-catenin signaling. We also assessed the mRNA expression of selected pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e. <em>IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α</em>, and antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin.</div></div><div><h3>Materials/methods</h3><div>The study material consisted of gastric tissue samples collected during total gastrectomy from three different places in stomach: from primary tumor, 3 ​cm away from the primary lesion, and from the wall opposite to the primary tumor. After RNA isolation, qPCR reactions were performed for the relevant genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The obtained results confirmed an increased level of <em>SMOX</em> expression in gastric cancer patients with the history of <em>H. pylori</em> infection. And, as far as we know, this is the first study on <em>SMOX</em> gene expression conducted on tissue taken from a patient, not on a cell line. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e. <em>IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α</em>, were also increased, thus indicating their contribution to the specific inflammatory microenvironment of the tumor. Interestingly, the levels of <em>CAMP</em>, encoding antimicrobial peptide, were reduced in all tissue types.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings confirm that <em>SMOX</em> plays a role in gastric carcinogenesis. However, further research is needed on the role of inflammatory and other factors involved in this process to identify targets for cancer immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 443-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142278819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of splenomegaly in liver cirrhosis: Simulation using an electronic circuit","authors":"Jae Cheol Jung,&nbsp;Shin-Young Park,&nbsp;Kyeong Deok Kim,&nbsp;Woo Young Shin,&nbsp;Keon-Young Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The evolution of splenomegaly in patients with liver cirrhosis remains largely unknown. In this study, we followed the changes in splenic volume and established the natural course of splenomegaly. We developed an electronic circuit that simulated splenoportal circulation and identified the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>This retrospective observational study included 93 patients with cirrhosis. Splenic volumes were measured in imaging studies at 6-month intervals and normalized by the ratio of each patient's maximum volume during follow-up (%Vmax). An electronic simulation model was constructed using software and realized on a breadboard.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, the %Vmax increased from 0.77 ​± ​0.21 to a maximum of 1.00 ​± ​0.00 (p ​&lt; ​0.001) during a median follow-up of 23 (3–162) months and then decreased to 0.84 ​± ​0.18 (p ​&lt; ​0.001) during the next 9 (3–132) months. No interventional radiology procedure was performed to improve hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension. The evolution of %Vmax showed single-peaked symmetry. An electronic simulation model showed that the upslope of the evolution curve was dependent on the increased intrahepatic vascular resistance and portal hypertension, whereas the downslope was dependent on the decreased portosystemic shunt (PSS) resistance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Splenomegaly in cirrhotic patients aggravated over a period of 23 months and then regressed spontaneously to its initial volume. Electronic simulation of splenoportal circulation showed that splenic enlargement was due to the advancement of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, whereas its regression was due to the development of a PSS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 377-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1896112624000452/pdfft?md5=be87764a71dd74b373bc2067ecdcc02f&pid=1-s2.0-S1896112624000452-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy with additional photodynamic therapy on the level of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in GCF in chronic periodontitis patients-a preliminary pilot study","authors":"Ewa Dolińska ,&nbsp;Anna Skurska ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Pietruska ,&nbsp;Violetta Dymicka-Piekarska ,&nbsp;Robert Milewski ,&nbsp;Anton Sculean","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) catalyze degradation of extracellular matrix proteins. The activity of MMPs is controlled by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). An imbalance in the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio has been linked with chronic periodontitis (CP). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses visible light, photosensitizer and oxygen to eradicate pathogens. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in chronic periodontitis patients before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy with additional PDT.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Nineteen patients, each with CP, were included in the study. After periodontal examination one site with a probing depth (PD) ​≥ ​4 ​mm was selected. The patients received scaling and root planing (SRP) with additional PDT by means of HELBO® diode minilaser. Prior to treatment, and after 3 and 6 months, the following parameters were estimated from the same site: PD, gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and sulcus fluid flow rate (SFFR). The levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in GCF were determined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to baseline, the levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 did not show statistically significant differences after 3 and 6 months. According to Spearman's rank correlations, MMP-9 was positively correlated with SFFR at all time points. PD, CAL and PI showed a statistically significant decrease compared to baseline (p ​&lt; ​0.001). SFFR decreased but not significantly.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Nonsurgical periodontal therapy in conjunction with PDT was clinically effective but it had no effect on the levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in GCF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 362-367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1896112624000439/pdfft?md5=90f50aed205014667e68e158055748e7&pid=1-s2.0-S1896112624000439-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal fructose transporters GLUT5 and GLUT2 in children and adolescents with obesity and metabolic disorders","authors":"Anna Socha-Banasiak ,&nbsp;Agata Sakowicz ,&nbsp;Zuzanna Gaj ,&nbsp;Michał Kolejwa ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Gach ,&nbsp;Elżbieta Czkwianianc","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The excessive fructose intake including high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) may be responsible for increase of obesity occurrence. This study was designed to find potential differences in duodenal fructose transporters on mRNA and protein levels between obese and normal weight children and adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Materials/methods</h3><p>We performed a cross-sectional study on a group of 106 hospitalized patients aged 12 to 18. Glucose transporter 2 (<em>GLUT2</em>) and glucose transporter 5 (<em>GLUT5</em>) mRNA as well as protein levels (ELISA and Western blot methods) were assessed in duodenal mucosa biopsies of the patients categorized as obese or normal weight. Additionally, the expression of the aforementioned transporters was analyzed in patients based on the presence of insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MS).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In children with obesity, increased duodenal protein levels of GLUT5 (Relative protein GLUT5 expression/ACTB) (0.027 ​± ​0.009 vs. 0.011 ​± ​0.006, p ​&lt; ​0.05) but not GLUT2 as compared with the normal weight group, were revealed. No significant differences in duodenal relative <em>GLUT2</em> and <em>GLUT5</em> genes expression between the studied groups were found. There was no relationship between the presence of IR or MS and intestinal mRNA <em>GLUT2</em> and <em>GLUT5</em> as well as GLUT2 protein expression.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The upregulation of the duodenal GLUT5 may contribute to obesity occurrence in children and adolescents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 349-355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving therapeutic strategies for Head and Neck Cancer: Insights from 3D hypoxic cell culture models in treatment response evaluation","authors":"Julia Ostapowicz ,&nbsp;Kamila Ostrowska ,&nbsp;Wojciech Golusiński ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kulcenty ,&nbsp;Wiktoria M. Suchorska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hypoxia in the tumor core negatively affects the outcome of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Nevertheless, its role in predicting treatment response requires further exploration. Typically, reduced oxygen levels in the tumor core correlate with diminished efficacy of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, which are commonly used for HNSCC patients' treatment. Understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of these varied treatment responses in HNSCC is crucial for enhancing therapeutic outcomes and extending patients’ overall survival (OS) rates. Standard monolayer cell culture conditions have major limitations in mimicking tumor physiological features and the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures enable the recreation of the <em>in vivo</em> tumor attributes, encompassing oxygen and nutrient gradients, cellular morphology, and intracellular connections. It is vital to use the 3D model in treatment response studies to mimic the tumor microenvironment, as evidenced by the decreased sensitivity of 3D structures to anticancer therapy. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to delineate the utility of the 3D models of hypoxic head and neck tumors in drug screening and treatment response studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 368-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1896112624000415/pdfft?md5=ac3beb687c9017869f1401e2c0e095b1&pid=1-s2.0-S1896112624000415-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision medicine in breast cancer: Targeting molecular subtypes with gold nanoparticle-loaded liposomes","authors":"Marika Musielak ,&nbsp;Paweł Bakun ,&nbsp;Julia Liwarska ,&nbsp;Paulina Skupin-Mrugalska ,&nbsp;Igor Piotrowski ,&nbsp;Wiktoria Suchorska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Breast cancer is a complex disease with several molecular subtypes that respond differently to therapy. This paper describes liposomes loaded with gold nanoparticles as a targeted drug delivery method in the rapidly developing precision breast cancer treatment area. The aim was to investigate the cytotoxicity level and cellular uptake using several breast cancer cell lines and a normal breast cell line.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>We synthesized gold nanoparticles incorporated in liposomes. Nanostructures were incubated with breast cancer cell lines of different subtypes. The analysis included MTT assay, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cell viability varied among different cancer cells. Moreover, the time- and concentration-dependent manner of viability change was observed. The internalization of liposomes with gold nanoparticles and nanoparticles alone determined different results depending on molecular breast cancer subtypes. The luminal B and triple-negative breast cancer cells demonstrated the highest resistance and sensitivity, respectively. The intensity of cells’ interaction with the proposed nanostructures was observed in both cell lines. In this study, we compare the molecular subtypes of breast cancer and discuss how this novel method might improve the therapy success.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our research sheds light on the possibility of new individualized treatments for breast cancer patients, opening the path for better results and a more detailed cancer therapy strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 331-338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141722850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could footwear stiffness reduce the development of proinflammatory markers in long-distance runners?","authors":"Maria Papagiannaki ,&nbsp;Efthimios Samoladas ,&nbsp;Fotini Arabatzi ,&nbsp;Alexander Tsouknidas","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Strenuous running triggers the coordination of pro- and anti-inflammatory, as well as immunoregulatory cytokines, which are upregulated in response to inflammatory stimulus and thus considered a precursor to overuse injury. The aim of this study was to correlate injury risk to footwear stiffness normalized against each runner's weight, i.e. the midsole's ability to resist deformation in response to the applied force.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Experienced runners participated in a 2h 15 ​min intensity-controlled run, averaging 85 ​% of their threshold heart rate. Venous blood, collected in the field prior to and immediately after the race, was subjected to multi-parameter flow cytometry, to monitor the plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF<strong><em>α</em></strong>). Footwear stiffness was determined utilizing an automated drop test, recreating footfall pattern, impact speed and weight of each runner. Plasma level increase was analyzed for each cytokine, using one-way ANOVA and the data associated to footwear stiffness through the calculation of Pearson correlation coefficient.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Only IL-6 levels exhibited a statistical significant increase pre-to post-race, corresponding to F (1,8) ​= ​24.0417 with a critical value of 4.4139. The increase in IL-6 levels was also found to produce a strong correlation to footwear stiffness, expressed in a Pearson coefficient of r (8) ​= ​0.79 ​at ρ ​= ​0.0063 (<em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The significant increase in pro-inflammatory markers, such as IL-6 which are associated with injury, would suggest that runners using compliant footwear are at lower risk of overuse injury than the ones running on stiffer midsoles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 356-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}