Advances in medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Spermine Oxidase gene and proinflammatory cytokines expression in gastric cancer patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection – A pilot study in Polish population","authors":"Magdalena Dzikowiec ,&nbsp;Sandra Galant ,&nbsp;Przemysław Lik ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Góralska ,&nbsp;Dariusz Nejc ,&nbsp;Janusz Piekarski ,&nbsp;Alicja Majos ,&nbsp;Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota ,&nbsp;Dorota Pastuszak-Lewandoska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Many types of cancer have infectious origins. Gastric cancer patients can demonstrate high seroprevalence of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>). The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of <em>SMOX</em> gene in the group of Polish patients with gastric cancer. <em>SMOX</em> is believed to promote <em>H. pylori</em>-induced carcinogenesis via inflammation, DNA damage and activation of β-catenin signaling. We also assessed the mRNA expression of selected pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e. <em>IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α</em>, and antimicrobial peptide, cathelicidin.</div></div><div><h3>Materials/methods</h3><div>The study material consisted of gastric tissue samples collected during total gastrectomy from three different places in stomach: from primary tumor, 3 ​cm away from the primary lesion, and from the wall opposite to the primary tumor. After RNA isolation, qPCR reactions were performed for the relevant genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The obtained results confirmed an increased level of <em>SMOX</em> expression in gastric cancer patients with the history of <em>H. pylori</em> infection. And, as far as we know, this is the first study on <em>SMOX</em> gene expression conducted on tissue taken from a patient, not on a cell line. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e. <em>IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α</em>, were also increased, thus indicating their contribution to the specific inflammatory microenvironment of the tumor. Interestingly, the levels of <em>CAMP</em>, encoding antimicrobial peptide, were reduced in all tissue types.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings confirm that <em>SMOX</em> plays a role in gastric carcinogenesis. However, further research is needed on the role of inflammatory and other factors involved in this process to identify targets for cancer immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 443-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142278819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of splenomegaly in liver cirrhosis: Simulation using an electronic circuit","authors":"Jae Cheol Jung,&nbsp;Shin-Young Park,&nbsp;Kyeong Deok Kim,&nbsp;Woo Young Shin,&nbsp;Keon-Young Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The evolution of splenomegaly in patients with liver cirrhosis remains largely unknown. In this study, we followed the changes in splenic volume and established the natural course of splenomegaly. We developed an electronic circuit that simulated splenoportal circulation and identified the underlying hemodynamic mechanisms.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>This retrospective observational study included 93 patients with cirrhosis. Splenic volumes were measured in imaging studies at 6-month intervals and normalized by the ratio of each patient's maximum volume during follow-up (%Vmax). An electronic simulation model was constructed using software and realized on a breadboard.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, the %Vmax increased from 0.77 ​± ​0.21 to a maximum of 1.00 ​± ​0.00 (p ​&lt; ​0.001) during a median follow-up of 23 (3–162) months and then decreased to 0.84 ​± ​0.18 (p ​&lt; ​0.001) during the next 9 (3–132) months. No interventional radiology procedure was performed to improve hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension. The evolution of %Vmax showed single-peaked symmetry. An electronic simulation model showed that the upslope of the evolution curve was dependent on the increased intrahepatic vascular resistance and portal hypertension, whereas the downslope was dependent on the decreased portosystemic shunt (PSS) resistance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Splenomegaly in cirrhotic patients aggravated over a period of 23 months and then regressed spontaneously to its initial volume. Electronic simulation of splenoportal circulation showed that splenic enlargement was due to the advancement of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, whereas its regression was due to the development of a PSS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 377-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1896112624000452/pdfft?md5=be87764a71dd74b373bc2067ecdcc02f&pid=1-s2.0-S1896112624000452-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy with additional photodynamic therapy on the level of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in GCF in chronic periodontitis patients-a preliminary pilot study","authors":"Ewa Dolińska ,&nbsp;Anna Skurska ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Pietruska ,&nbsp;Violetta Dymicka-Piekarska ,&nbsp;Robert Milewski ,&nbsp;Anton Sculean","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) catalyze degradation of extracellular matrix proteins. The activity of MMPs is controlled by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). An imbalance in the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio has been linked with chronic periodontitis (CP). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses visible light, photosensitizer and oxygen to eradicate pathogens. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in chronic periodontitis patients before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy with additional PDT.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Nineteen patients, each with CP, were included in the study. After periodontal examination one site with a probing depth (PD) ​≥ ​4 ​mm was selected. The patients received scaling and root planing (SRP) with additional PDT by means of HELBO® diode minilaser. Prior to treatment, and after 3 and 6 months, the following parameters were estimated from the same site: PD, gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and sulcus fluid flow rate (SFFR). The levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in GCF were determined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to baseline, the levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 did not show statistically significant differences after 3 and 6 months. According to Spearman's rank correlations, MMP-9 was positively correlated with SFFR at all time points. PD, CAL and PI showed a statistically significant decrease compared to baseline (p ​&lt; ​0.001). SFFR decreased but not significantly.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Nonsurgical periodontal therapy in conjunction with PDT was clinically effective but it had no effect on the levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in GCF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 362-367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1896112624000439/pdfft?md5=90f50aed205014667e68e158055748e7&pid=1-s2.0-S1896112624000439-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal fructose transporters GLUT5 and GLUT2 in children and adolescents with obesity and metabolic disorders","authors":"Anna Socha-Banasiak ,&nbsp;Agata Sakowicz ,&nbsp;Zuzanna Gaj ,&nbsp;Michał Kolejwa ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Gach ,&nbsp;Elżbieta Czkwianianc","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The excessive fructose intake including high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) may be responsible for increase of obesity occurrence. This study was designed to find potential differences in duodenal fructose transporters on mRNA and protein levels between obese and normal weight children and adolescents.</p></div><div><h3>Materials/methods</h3><p>We performed a cross-sectional study on a group of 106 hospitalized patients aged 12 to 18. Glucose transporter 2 (<em>GLUT2</em>) and glucose transporter 5 (<em>GLUT5</em>) mRNA as well as protein levels (ELISA and Western blot methods) were assessed in duodenal mucosa biopsies of the patients categorized as obese or normal weight. Additionally, the expression of the aforementioned transporters was analyzed in patients based on the presence of insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MS).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In children with obesity, increased duodenal protein levels of GLUT5 (Relative protein GLUT5 expression/ACTB) (0.027 ​± ​0.009 vs. 0.011 ​± ​0.006, p ​&lt; ​0.05) but not GLUT2 as compared with the normal weight group, were revealed. No significant differences in duodenal relative <em>GLUT2</em> and <em>GLUT5</em> genes expression between the studied groups were found. There was no relationship between the presence of IR or MS and intestinal mRNA <em>GLUT2</em> and <em>GLUT5</em> as well as GLUT2 protein expression.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The upregulation of the duodenal GLUT5 may contribute to obesity occurrence in children and adolescents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 349-355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving therapeutic strategies for Head and Neck Cancer: Insights from 3D hypoxic cell culture models in treatment response evaluation","authors":"Julia Ostapowicz ,&nbsp;Kamila Ostrowska ,&nbsp;Wojciech Golusiński ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kulcenty ,&nbsp;Wiktoria M. Suchorska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hypoxia in the tumor core negatively affects the outcome of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Nevertheless, its role in predicting treatment response requires further exploration. Typically, reduced oxygen levels in the tumor core correlate with diminished efficacy of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, which are commonly used for HNSCC patients' treatment. Understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of these varied treatment responses in HNSCC is crucial for enhancing therapeutic outcomes and extending patients’ overall survival (OS) rates. Standard monolayer cell culture conditions have major limitations in mimicking tumor physiological features and the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures enable the recreation of the <em>in vivo</em> tumor attributes, encompassing oxygen and nutrient gradients, cellular morphology, and intracellular connections. It is vital to use the 3D model in treatment response studies to mimic the tumor microenvironment, as evidenced by the decreased sensitivity of 3D structures to anticancer therapy. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to delineate the utility of the 3D models of hypoxic head and neck tumors in drug screening and treatment response studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 368-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1896112624000415/pdfft?md5=ac3beb687c9017869f1401e2c0e095b1&pid=1-s2.0-S1896112624000415-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision medicine in breast cancer: Targeting molecular subtypes with gold nanoparticle-loaded liposomes","authors":"Marika Musielak ,&nbsp;Paweł Bakun ,&nbsp;Julia Liwarska ,&nbsp;Paulina Skupin-Mrugalska ,&nbsp;Igor Piotrowski ,&nbsp;Wiktoria Suchorska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Breast cancer is a complex disease with several molecular subtypes that respond differently to therapy. This paper describes liposomes loaded with gold nanoparticles as a targeted drug delivery method in the rapidly developing precision breast cancer treatment area. The aim was to investigate the cytotoxicity level and cellular uptake using several breast cancer cell lines and a normal breast cell line.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>We synthesized gold nanoparticles incorporated in liposomes. Nanostructures were incubated with breast cancer cell lines of different subtypes. The analysis included MTT assay, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Cell viability varied among different cancer cells. Moreover, the time- and concentration-dependent manner of viability change was observed. The internalization of liposomes with gold nanoparticles and nanoparticles alone determined different results depending on molecular breast cancer subtypes. The luminal B and triple-negative breast cancer cells demonstrated the highest resistance and sensitivity, respectively. The intensity of cells’ interaction with the proposed nanostructures was observed in both cell lines. In this study, we compare the molecular subtypes of breast cancer and discuss how this novel method might improve the therapy success.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our research sheds light on the possibility of new individualized treatments for breast cancer patients, opening the path for better results and a more detailed cancer therapy strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 331-338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141722850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could footwear stiffness reduce the development of proinflammatory markers in long-distance runners?","authors":"Maria Papagiannaki ,&nbsp;Efthimios Samoladas ,&nbsp;Fotini Arabatzi ,&nbsp;Alexander Tsouknidas","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Strenuous running triggers the coordination of pro- and anti-inflammatory, as well as immunoregulatory cytokines, which are upregulated in response to inflammatory stimulus and thus considered a precursor to overuse injury. The aim of this study was to correlate injury risk to footwear stiffness normalized against each runner's weight, i.e. the midsole's ability to resist deformation in response to the applied force.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Experienced runners participated in a 2h 15 ​min intensity-controlled run, averaging 85 ​% of their threshold heart rate. Venous blood, collected in the field prior to and immediately after the race, was subjected to multi-parameter flow cytometry, to monitor the plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF<strong><em>α</em></strong>). Footwear stiffness was determined utilizing an automated drop test, recreating footfall pattern, impact speed and weight of each runner. Plasma level increase was analyzed for each cytokine, using one-way ANOVA and the data associated to footwear stiffness through the calculation of Pearson correlation coefficient.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Only IL-6 levels exhibited a statistical significant increase pre-to post-race, corresponding to F (1,8) ​= ​24.0417 with a critical value of 4.4139. The increase in IL-6 levels was also found to produce a strong correlation to footwear stiffness, expressed in a Pearson coefficient of r (8) ​= ​0.79 ​at ρ ​= ​0.0063 (<em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The significant increase in pro-inflammatory markers, such as IL-6 which are associated with injury, would suggest that runners using compliant footwear are at lower risk of overuse injury than the ones running on stiffer midsoles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 356-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mechanical regulatory role of ATP13a3 in osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts","authors":"Zhen Cao ,&nbsp;Yingwen Zhu ,&nbsp;Yanan Li ,&nbsp;Zijian Yuan ,&nbsp;Biao Han ,&nbsp;Yong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The process of osteogenic differentiation hinges upon the pivotal role of mechanical signals. Previous studies found that mechanical tensile strain of 2500 microstrain (με) at a frequency of 0.5 ​Hz promoted osteogenesis <em>in vitro</em>. However, the mechanism of the mechanical strain influencing osteogenesis at the cellular and molecular levels are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of mechanical strain on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Proteomics analysis was conducted to explore the mechanical strain that significantly impacted the protein expression. Bioinformatics identified important mechanosensitive proteins and the expression of genes was investigated using real-time PCR. The dual-luciferase assay revealed the relationship between the miRNA and its target gene. Overexpression and downexpression of the gene, to explore its role in mechanically induced osteogenic differentiation and transcriptomics, revealed further mechanisms in this process.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Proteomics and bioinformatics identified an important mechanosensitive lowexpression protein ATP13A3, and the expression of <em>Atp13a3</em> gene was also reduced. The dual-luciferase assay revealed that microRNA-3070–3p (miR-3070–3p) targeted the <em>Atp13a3</em> gene. Furthermore, the downexpression of <em>Atp13a3</em> promoted the expression levels of osteogenic differentiation-related genes and proteins, and this process was probably mediated by the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>Atp13a3</em> responded to mechanical tensile strain to regulate osteogenic differentiation, and the TNF signaling pathway regulated by <em>Atp13a3</em> was probably involved in this process. These novel insights suggested that <em>Atp13a3</em> was probably a potential osteogenesis and bone formation regulator.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 339-348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141615621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fasting alleviates bleomycin-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis via decreased Tregs and monocytes","authors":"Yuyang Zhao ,&nbsp;Jingying Yang ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangming Chen ,&nbsp;Wenting Liang ,&nbsp;Yanling Zheng ,&nbsp;Jijun Huang ,&nbsp;Yue Liao ,&nbsp;Cheng Fu ,&nbsp;Ting Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Li ,&nbsp;Yu Zheng ,&nbsp;Jin Bu ,&nbsp;Erxia Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic and progressively worsening condition characterized by interstitial lung inflammation and fibrosis of unknown etiology, has a grim prognosis. The treatment options for IPF are limited and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Dietary restriction can improve various inflammatory diseases, but its therapeutic effect on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether intermittent fasting (IF) can alleviate BLM-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Pulmonary fibrosis mouse models were induced by BLM. The IF group underwent 24-h fasting cycles for one week prior and three weeks following BLM administration. Meanwhile, the ad libitum feeding group had unrestricted access to food throughout the experiment. The evaluation focused on lung pathology via histological staining, qPCR analysis of collagen markers, and immune cell profiling through flow cytometry.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>IF group significantly reduced inflammation and fibrosis in lung tissues of BLM-induced mice compared to ad libitum feeding group. qPCR results showed IF remarkably decreased the mRNA expression of <em>Col 1a</em> and <em>Col 3a</em> in the lungs of BLM-induced mouse models. IF also reduced the numbers of regulatory T cells (Tregs), T helper 17 (Th17) cells, monocytes, and monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (MoAMs) in the lung tissues.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>IF may improve BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by decreasing numbers of immune cells including Treg cells, Th17 ​cells, monocytes, and MoAMs in the lungs. This study offers experimental validation for dietary intervention as a viable treatment modality in IPF management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 303-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141578669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the radial peripapillary capillary network in patients with COVID-19 based on optical coherence tomography angiography: A literature review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This review aimed to evaluate the significance of assessing radial peripheral capillary (RPC) network parameters by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database to select high-quality reviews and original articles on the use of OCTA for visualizing the RPC network and calculating RPC parameters.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study revealed that systemic hypoxia, hypercoagulable state, and inflammation affect the RPC network in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Reduced RPC parameters were observed early in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and after several months of follow-up. Additionally, there was a correlation between reduced RPC parameters and subsequent thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The OCTA examination of the retina and optic disc should be considered in patients with a history of COVID-19 to assess the impact of systemic hypoxia and inflammation on ocular function. Follow-up assessment of these patients is also necessary to understand the potential consequences of ischemia affecting the optic nerve, retina, and choroid.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"69 2","pages":"Pages 312-319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S189611262400035X/pdfft?md5=462be527f8da32bce0bb72d2dfcdb5d9&pid=1-s2.0-S189611262400035X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}