Advances in medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"The transition from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab in a cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results of the INESTIMABLE retrospective observational study.","authors":"Alessia Todeschini, Andrea Geccherle, Paola Signoretto, Nicoletta Colaci, Federica Mellone, Nicoletta De Santis, Massimo Guerriero, Giuliano Barugola, Angela Variola","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to present real-world data regarding the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with the subcutaneous (SC) formulation of the tumor necrosis factor inhibitor, infliximab.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult IBD patients who switched from intravenous (IV) infliximab to SC infliximab were recruited for this study. Data on the efficacy of maintaining long-term remission, persistence in therapy and the safety profile were obtained from medical records and physician assessments conducted during routine clinical practice. Data on adherence to treatment schedules and patient satisfaction were collected through an ad hoc questionnaire. The duration of the follow-up was 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment with SC infliximab was generally well-tolerated, with a persistence rate of 86.7 ​% at 12 months and adherence to the treatment schedule of 86.4 ​%. Patients reported a favorable experience with self-injections. Mild, self-limiting adverse events were observed, and inflammatory biomarkers decreased over time, suggesting maintenance of remission in most patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that SC infliximab may be a viable option for IBD patients in remission who are eligible for switching, offering a self-administered alternative to IV therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"392-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical associations of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in spondyloarthropathies","authors":"Adrianna Błahuszewska-Omyła ,&nbsp;Emilia Frąckiel ,&nbsp;Marek Bielecki ,&nbsp;Ewa Gińdzieńska- Sieśkiewicz ,&nbsp;Natalia Szymańska ,&nbsp;Otylia Kowal-Bielecka","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) are a broad and diverse group of diseases with highly variable clinical manifestations. Due to this wide range of symptoms and their frequent overlap with other disease entities, SpA present numerous diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Moreover, the pathogenesis of SpA remains unexplained. While the currently prevailing hypothesis suggests an autoinflammatory mechanism, the involvement of autoimmune processes has not been ruled out. To explore this possibility, the present study aimed to assess the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and their clinical associations in patients with SpA.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>The analysis included 117 consecutive patients with different forms of SpA, i.e., ankylosing spondylitis (n ​= ​52), psoriatic arthritis (n ​= ​34), and non-radiographic SpA (n ​= ​31). They underwent clinical evaluation, and serum samples were collected from each for ANA testing using indirect immunofluorescence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ANA were found in 46 ​% of patients with SpA. No statistically significant association was found between ANA and diagnosis of specific SpA or clinical symptoms. Interestingly, the highest prevalence of ANA (63 ​%) was found in women with non-radiographic spondyloarthropathy and the lowest (38 ​%) in males with ankylosing spondylitis, however, the difference did not reach statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of our study suggest that ANA are frequent in patients with SpA, in particular in women with early, non-radiographic SpA which may be of clinical significance. However, further studies, involving larger populations, are necessary to clarify the significance of ANA presence in SpA patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 377-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145090759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensification of diuretic therapy in pulmonary hypertension – a retrospective evaluation of hemodynamic and functional changes","authors":"Adam Rafałowicz,&nbsp;Jakub Mierzejewski,&nbsp;Łukasz Czuba,&nbsp;Anna Lisowska,&nbsp;Małgorzata Knapp,&nbsp;Karol Kamiński,&nbsp;Katarzyna Ptaszyńska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Diuretics are first-line medication in the management of volume overload in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Their impact on the hemodynamic and functional parameters has not been studied. This study analyzes the impact of intensified diuretic therapy on patients deterioration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The retrospective analysis included 38 patients who were divided into Group 1 (n ​= ​24, no change in the equivalent diuretic dose or treatment without diuretics) and Group 2 (n ​= ​14, increase in the equivalent diuretic dose). Measurements at baseline and after 6 months included echocardiographic parameters, 6-min walk test distance (6MWTd), and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the initial assessment of the studied parameters, Group 2 had a significantly greater inferior vena cava diameter (IVCd) and right ventricle internal diameter in diastole (RVIDd), trends towards greater right atrium area (RAA), lower tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and greater NT-proBNP values compared to Group 1. Over the 6-month follow-up period, Group 1 had a significant increase in IVCd, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), significant decrease in TAPSE/sPAP ratio and trends towards increased mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and 6MWTd values. Group 2, on the other hand, had no significant worsening, which reflects a stabilizing impact of intensified diuretic therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Intensified diuretic therapy in patients with PH and fluid overload appears to stabilize exercise capacity and prevent deterioration of cardiac function over a 6-month period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 382-391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-based differences in patients with acute pulmonary embolism managed by a pulmonary embolism response team: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study","authors":"Grzegorz Procyk ,&nbsp;Paweł Kurzyna ,&nbsp;Karolina Jasińska-Gniadzik ,&nbsp;Julia Maria Smyk ,&nbsp;Marcin Wasilewski ,&nbsp;Rafał Wolański ,&nbsp;Piotr Szwed ,&nbsp;Dominika Rymaszewska ,&nbsp;Dominika Zajkowska ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Wrona ,&nbsp;Szymon Darocha ,&nbsp;Marta Banaszkiewicz ,&nbsp;Michał Florczyk ,&nbsp;Dariusz Zieliński ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Wróbel ,&nbsp;Marcin Grabowski ,&nbsp;Grzegorz Opolski ,&nbsp;Adam Torbicki ,&nbsp;Marcin Kurzyna ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Gąsecka ,&nbsp;Arkadiusz Pietrasik","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most frequent acute cardiovascular condition worldwide. PE response teams (PERTs) were proposed recently to facilitate treatment implementation in PE patients. There is limited data regarding the characteristics of patients consulted by PERTs. We aimed to analyze sex-related differences in baseline characteristics, applied treatment, and prognosis of acute PE patients consulted by a local PERT. We did not seek to assess the influence of PERT on potential differences.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study included 235 patients diagnosed with PE in the three participating hospitals between September 2017 and December 2021. Clinical and treatment data were obtained from medical records.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that women were older than men (median [IQR]: 66.0 [49.5–77.0] vs. 58.5 [49.0–69.3] years, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.02). Cough was more prevalent in men (23.0 ​% vs. 7.3 ​%, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.001). Smoking was more frequent in men (32.5 ​% vs. 15.6 ​%, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.004), whereas hormonal therapy was more frequent in women (11.0 ​% vs. 0.8 ​%, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.001). Hospitalized women required intubation more often than men (16.5 ​% vs. 6.3 ​%, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.02). Proximal deep vein thrombosis was more common in men (46.8 ​% vs. 33.9 ​%, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.047). Low molecular weight heparins were more often used in men (82.5 ​% vs. 66.1 ​%, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.004).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Most analyzed parameters did not differ between the sexes in acute PE patients treated by a PERT. Differences in risk factors are associated with well-established sex-related differences, with smoking more often reported in men and hormonal therapy more common in women. Notably, the survival rate was comparable for women and men.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 346-352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of FKBP5 gene polymorphism with insomnia symptoms in the depressive episodes of stress-related bipolar disorder","authors":"Ovinuchi Ejiohuo ,&nbsp;Karolina Bilska ,&nbsp;Karolina Gattner ,&nbsp;Łukasz Mech ,&nbsp;Dominik Spalek ,&nbsp;Maria Skibińska ,&nbsp;Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz ,&nbsp;Paweł Kapelski ,&nbsp;Beata Narożna ,&nbsp;Bartłomiej Budziński ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz ,&nbsp;Joanna Pawlak","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Stress-related bipolar disorder (BP) arises from complex genetic, environmental, and clinical interactions. While <em>FKBP5</em>(key stress response regulator) is linked to mood disorders, its role in insomnia during depressive episodes remains unclear. This study explores the association between <em>FKBP5</em> polymorphisms and insomnia symptoms occurring during the depressive episodes of BP.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A total of 347 individuals with BP (42 ​% male, 58 ​% female; 78 ​% insomnia symptoms) were assessed using the SCID, OPCRIT, and TaqMan genotyping for eight <em>FKBP5</em> polymorphisms. Participants were grouped based on the presence/absence of a stressor before the first episode. Statistical analyses (ANCOVA and Chi-square with pairwise post hoc tests) were performed using Statistica 13.3 and R. Functional annotation of significantly associated variants was conducted using Ensembl VEP, RegulomeDB, HaploReg, and SNPnexus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>FKBP5</em> rs755658 polymorphism may be associated with insomnia symptoms in individuals with stressors, with CT/CC genotypes showing a higher likelihood of symptoms (<em>p</em> ​= ​0.03; BH-adjusted <em>p</em> ​= ​0.22, below the 0.25 threshold) compared to the TT. Seven polymorphisms were significantly associated with BP subtypes in those without stressors, suggesting genetic influence. The rs755658 variant is predicted to affect gene expression, transcription factor binding, and post-transcriptional regulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that <em>FKBP5</em> genetic variants may affect sleep disturbances with a stressor present, highlighting their role in stress regulation and insomnia during depressive episodes in BP. Given the study's exploratory nature, findings should be interpreted cautiously and validated in larger, independent samples. Future studies should investigate the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 335-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atherosclerosis in the context of hemostasis and neovascularization – Current state of knowledge","authors":"Urszula Jakobsche-Policht ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Bronowicka-Szydełko ,&nbsp;Rajmund Adamiec ,&nbsp;Dorota Bednarska-Chabowska ,&nbsp;Emilia Królewicz ,&nbsp;Łukasz Lewandowski ,&nbsp;Kinga Gostomska-Pampuch ,&nbsp;Arkadiusz Derkacz ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Budrewicz ,&nbsp;Ewa Grzebyk ,&nbsp;Maciej Nowak ,&nbsp;Daria Dolińska ,&nbsp;Paulina Matlak ,&nbsp;Julia Sobczyńska ,&nbsp;Maciej Ziomek ,&nbsp;Maciej Tota ,&nbsp;Wojciech Stach ,&nbsp;Dominik Fidorowicz ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Madziarska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atherosclerosis is a progressive process resulting from endothelial dysfunction, primarily caused by damage to the integrity of the glycocalyx. Its pathogenesis is complex and involves numerous biomechanical and biochemical factors, such as blood pressure, shear forces, lipid metabolism disorders, monocyte migration and their transformation into macrophages, immune response, lipid accumulation, neovascularization, and activation of coagulation. Recently, the possibility of atherosclerosis regression has been confirmed, although the mechanisms behind the reversal of changes remain unknown. This review presents current knowledge on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, with particular emphasis on pro-atherogenic processes in the glycocalyx and endothelium, especially those related to hemostasis, neovascularization, and epigenetic changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 353-366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ropivacaine and lidocaine at clinically relevant concentrations suppress proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells and induce morphological alterations","authors":"Jane M. Hayden ,&nbsp;Andreas Tinnert ,&nbsp;Kersti Alm ,&nbsp;Jonatan Oras ,&nbsp;Linda Block ,&nbsp;Anil Gupta ,&nbsp;Sven-Egron Thörn ,&nbsp;Stina Oredsson","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Ovarian cancer ranks as a gynecological malignancy with poor prognosis, specifically if detected late. Primary treatment includes cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy with curative intent. Local anesthetics (LA) administered in the perioperative period may potentially impact patient outcome by several mechanisms. The beneficial impact of LA has been attributed, among other factors, to the drug's inhibitory effect on cancer cells. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of clinically relevant concentrations of ropivacaine and lidocaine on ovarian cancer cell lines.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Three ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV-3, SW-626 and CA-OV-3) were treated with 1, 10, 100, or 1000 ​μM of the two LAs. Cell function and morphology were assessed in the following ways: cell counting, phase-contrast and holographic microscopy, a conventional MTT assay for dose response testing, wound healing assay for migration, and cancer stem cell (CSC) identification by aldehyde dehydrogenase.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both ropivacaine and lidocaine significantly reduced cell number, altered morphology, suppressed migration, and decreased the population of CSCs in a concentration-dependent manner.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LAs exert a direct inhibitory effect on ovarian cancer cell lines <em>in vitro</em>, suggesting their potential benefits in perioperative management for patients undergoing surgery. Clinical studies using LA during ovarian cancer surgery are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 326-334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive assessment of triclosan-induced toxicity: impacts on zebrafish development, mammalian cell viability and microbial activity","authors":"Piotr Stachurski ,&nbsp;Łukasz Kurach ,&nbsp;Maryna Khalavka ,&nbsp;Maja Ptasiewicz ,&nbsp;Wojciech Świątkowski ,&nbsp;Renata Żelazowska ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Magryś","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of the study was to evaluate the toxicity of triclosan in the <em>Danio rerio</em> model and mammalian cells, as well as to assess its antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against selected bacterial pathogens.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Triclosan toxicity was assessed in <em>Danio rerio</em> embryos in accordance with OECD Test Guideline 236: Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity (FET) Test. Cytotoxicity was evaluated <em>in vitro</em> using the MTT assay on human dermal fibroblasts (BJ) and rat cardiomyoblasts (H9c2). Antimicrobial activity was assessed via broth microdilution method following EUCAST guidelines and antibiofilm effects were evaluated through minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) assays for each tested strain.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Triclosan exhibited toxicity towards <em>Danio rerio</em>, reducing their survival rate, heart rate, and locomotor activity. <em>In vitro</em> tests revealed cytotoxicity (LC₅₀ ​= ​28.44 ​μg/mL for BJ cells and 25.36 ​μg/mL for H9c2 cells). Antimicrobial tests demonstrated MIC values ranging from 0.24 ​μg/mL (<em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em>) to 3.9 ​μg/mL (<em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>), with corresponding MBC values up to 7.8 ​μg/mL. MBIC values ranged from 0.03 to 0.12 ​μg/mL, confirming potent antibiofilm activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Triclosan demonstrates high antimicrobial efficacy and inhibits bacterial biofilm formation. However, its toxicity towards aquatic organisms, including <em>Danio rerio</em>, and its cytotoxic effects on mammalian cells raise concerns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 367-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of the C2HEST score in predicting the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in obese and non-obese cohorts - subanalysis of the COLOS Study","authors":"Piotr Rola ,&nbsp;Olgierd Dróżdż ,&nbsp;Adrian Doroszko ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Trocha ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Kujawa ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Bronowicka-Szydełko ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Matera-Witkiewicz ,&nbsp;Dorota Bednarska-Chabowska ,&nbsp;Maciej Rabczyński ,&nbsp;Edwin Kuźnik ,&nbsp;Marcin Madziarski ,&nbsp;Jędrzej Machowiak ,&nbsp;Rafał Małecki ,&nbsp;Michał Tkaczyszyn ,&nbsp;Joanna Adamiec-Mroczek ,&nbsp;Janusz Sokołowski ,&nbsp;Jarosław Nowak ,&nbsp;Ewa A. Jankowska ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Madziarska","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Cardiovascular risk factors, particularly obesity, are strong predictors of poor COVID-19 outcomes, though prognosis remains uncertain for overweight individuals. Identifying new tools to assess obesity's impact on COVID-19 severity is vital for early risk stratification. We evaluated the C₂HEST-score system's ability to predict unfavorable outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Consecutive 2183 patients hospitalized due to confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled to this study. Based on the physical examination and past medical history, 332 carefully selected patients were assigned to one of two of the study cohorts, i.e. obese (n ​= ​191) vs. non-obese (n ​= ​141), and allocated to different risk-strata based on the C₂HEST score result.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 52 in-hospital deaths (27.2 ​%) were reported in the obese cohort, while in the non-obese cohort the in-hospital mortality rate was 17 ​% (24 reported cases). The in-hospital, 3-month and 6-month mortality were the highest in the high-risk C₂HEST stratum in both study cohorts, reaching respectively 47.62 ​%, 57.14 ​%, and 57.14 ​% in the obese and 63.64 ​%, 72.73 ​%, and 88.89 ​% in the non-obese cohorts. Among patients with the high-risk C₂HEST-score, non-obese individuals were more likely to experience myocardial injury and acute heart failure, whereas obese individuals were more prone to develop acute kidney injury.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study shows the usefulness and performance of the C₂HEST-score in predicting the adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients with obesity. In the cohort with normal body mass, the C₂HEST score revealed to be far more precise in the risk prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 318-325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental evaluation of selected mechanical properties of anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament complex","authors":"Piotr Prochor,&nbsp;Julia Jagodyńska,&nbsp;Anita Gryko","doi":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advms.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Ligaments are fibrous connective tissues that transmit force from bone to bone. One of the most important ligaments in the human body is the knee-joint ligament, which is exposed to large and dynamic forces during daily activities. Owing to their frequent injuries, cruciate ligaments are among the most studied in the current literature. Thus far, research has focused mainly on the study of individual ligament structures and less frequently on analysing entire bone-ligament systems. Therefore, this study examines the mechanical properties of the entire cruciate ligament system.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Tensile tests were conducted on 18 porcine forelimb knee joints. The joints were mounted on a holder, ensuring freedom of the ligament positioning during the examination. The test consisted of three stages: preconditioning (stage 1), relaxation (stage 2), and breaking (stage 3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In stage 1, the tissue showed a decrease in reaction force with subsequent conditioning cycles, with a slower decrease at lower tensile velocities. The dissipated energy and stiffness decreased with each cycle, but increased at higher tensile velocities. In stage 2, an increase in stiffness was observed with the elongation of the structure. In stage 3, injuries mainly occurred in the bone fragments and attachments rather than in the ligament structures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The testing stage and tensile velocity influenced the mechanical response of the tissue. The obtained results are important for a better understanding of the mechanism of intra-articular periarticular injuries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7347,"journal":{"name":"Advances in medical sciences","volume":"70 2","pages":"Pages 308-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}