Phytochemistry Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The mechanisms of action of prenylated xanthones against breast, colon, and lung cancers, and their potential application against drug resistance","authors":"Natalie Vivien Gunter,&nbsp;Soek Sin Teh,&nbsp;Ibrahim Jantan,&nbsp;Carlos Leonardo Cespedes-Acuña,&nbsp;Siau Hui Mah","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09846-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09846-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cancers such as breast, colon, and lung cancers are among the leading causes of death with alarming increases in the number of new diagnoses and mortality rates. The non-specific toxicity limits current standard chemotherapeutic drugs, leading to severe and long-lasting side effects. New chemotherapeutic agents are urgently needed to address this worrying issue. A potential candidate to overcome this issue is xanthone, a natural compound that has been widely investigated for its promising cytotoxic activity. Specifically, prenylated xanthones exhibit good cytotoxicity against cancer cells with structure–activity relationship studies establishing prenyl moieties as the vital substituents in cellular internalization and binding interactions with molecular targets. A combination of in vitro, in vivo, and in silico approaches showed that xanthones exhibited various actions against breast, colon, and lung cancers, ranging from apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, and modulation of key signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt and MAPK. Prenylated xanthones could overcome drug resistance alone or combined with chemotherapeutic agents. The latter issue further corroborates their potential as anticancer drugs. α-Mangostin (<b>2</b>), γ-mangostin (<b>3</b>), and gambogenic acid (<b>43</b>) are considered lead molecules for developing antitumoral agents against breast, colon, and lung cancers. Other studies showed that prenylated xanthones, such as garcinone E (<b>8</b>), mangostanaxanthone IV (<b>19</b>), cowanin (<b>20</b>), mangosenone F (<b>42</b>), and many others, have potential anticancer activity. However, more comprehensive molecular investigations are required to establish their anticancer potential. Further studies are needed to elucidate prenylated xanthones’ pharmacokinetics and toxicity profiles to continue their progression through the drug development pipeline.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 3","pages":"467 - 503"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4449472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on rhubarb astringent/ laxative actions and the role of aquaporins as hub genes","authors":"Ghazaleh Mosleh,&nbsp;Meysam Zaeri,&nbsp;Shiva Hemmati,&nbsp;Abdolali Mohagheghzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09851-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09851-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rhubarb, the rhizome and root of <i>Rheum palmatum</i> L. from the Polygonaceae family, is a globally important medicinal plant, especially in eastern Asia. It has been indicated for enteritis, gastritis, constipation, and diarrhea in Persian medicine. Several pharmacological investigations in previous decades have been conducted on anthraquinones of rhubarb responsible for diarrheagenic activities and rhubarb tannins initiating anti-diarrheagenic effects. Aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, rhein, and their glycosides are major rhubarb anthraquinones. Moreover, catechin, catechin gallate, catechin-glucopyranoside, gallic acid, galloyl glucose, carboxyl-chrysophanol-O- glucose, coumaroyl-O-galloyl-glucose, di-O-galloyl-glucose, glucopyranosyl-galloyl-glucose, and di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentamer of catechin units are major rhubarb tannins. In this paper, a review of relevant pharmacological studies on rhubarb tannins and anthraquinones published in PubMed and Scopus databases is performed. In addition, the hub genes and common targets of rhubarb anthraquinones and tannins were investigated using gene expression databases. Thirty common differentially expressed target genes were identified. According to the survey, the pharmacology of rhubarb is linked to aquaporin expression and maintained inflammatory responses in the intestinal environment, where anthraquinones and tannins play as positive and negative regulators. Furthermore, their opposing effects on intestinal motility, fluid absorption, and water/electrolyte secretion are explained. Anthraquinones inhibit the Na⁺/K⁺ATPase pump while stimulating cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and Ca²⁺-activated Cl⁻ channels (CACC). Tannins reduce fluid secretion and smooth muscle contraction by inhibiting CACC and CFTR. This linkage opens new aspects for rhubarb pharmacology, its diarrheagenic/anti-diarrheagenic effects, and philosophical concepts of Hot and Cold temperaments in traditional medicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 3","pages":"565 - 586"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4154357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of essential oils in Acanthamoeba keratitis","authors":"Douglas Santos Porto,&nbsp;Karin Silva Caumo,&nbsp;Thiago Caon","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09850-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09850-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>New therapeutic agents for amoebic keratitis are needed considering that drugs currently marketed are toxic and not effective against protozoan cystic forms. The antimicrobial action of essential oils (EOs) is already reported in the literature, which has motivated investigations of their anti-<i>Acanthamoeba</i> potential. Unlike synthetic drugs, plant materials have been often identified as less cytotoxic. In this review, the anti-<i>Acanthamoeba</i> potential of EOs was demonstrated not only based on the anti-protozoan activity as anti-inflammatory activity. Finally, in vitro cytotoxicity studies of EOs active were analyzed. EOs were able to prevent the conversion of the protozoan trophozoite to cystic form. In a study performed with <i>Trachyspermum ammi</i> EO, 100% of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> cysts were eliminated. <i>Thymus capitatus</i> and <i>Limonium oleifolium</i> EOs showed to be more active against <i>Acanthamoeba</i>, presenting IC₅₀ values close to chlorhexidine and lower than amphotericin B. For these two OEs, low in vitro cytotoxicity was also found, which result in a high selectivity index (SI &gt; 10). Therefore, safer and more effective therapies could be achieved with OEs, and in vivo assays should be urgently performed to confirm these benefits.\u0000</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 3","pages":"543 - 563"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-022-09850-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5100685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic distribution of bromophenols in marine algae and the generation of a comprehensive bromophenol database","authors":"Joshua Jacobtorweihen,&nbsp;Verena Spiegler","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09847-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09847-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marine algae are the source of a plethora of halogenated compounds, in particular brominated phenols, possessing various bioactivities. Since these natural products are typically unavailable commercially, isolation is usually indispensable for biological activity testing. However, targeted isolation may be challenging due to difficulties in identifying desired compounds via high-resolution LC–MS in crude extracts or fractions. While bromophenols have been extensively reviewed regarding their bioactivities, less attention has been given to their distribution and chemotaxonomic relevance among marine algae. Knowledge of the distribution of bromophenols may aid species identification and also point to species containing potentially novel compounds. To facilitate targeted and untargeted isolation of bromophenols from marine algae, an overview of the distribution and chemotaxonomic relevance of algal bromophenols considering recent phylogenetic findings is presented along with key analytical features of bromophenols relevant for mass spectrometric identification. Additionally, a comprehensive database listing brominated phenols from marine algae and their key analytical properties has been constructed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 3","pages":"505 - 542"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-022-09847-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4905821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis, natural distribution, and biological activities of acyclic monoterpenes and their derivatives","authors":"Matthew E. Bergman,&nbsp;Anya E. Franks,&nbsp;Michael A. Phillips","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09849-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09849-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monoterpenoids are C₁₀ isoprenoid natural products with diverse functions as volatile and non-volatile secondary metabolites. Their biosynthesis from acyclic diphosphate precursors is often accompanied by one or more ring closures, which stabilize the linear, carbocationic intermediates generated during typical terpene synthase reaction sequences. The subset that remains uncyclized following the elimination of the diphosphate group correspondingly retains higher reactivity than their cyclized counterparts, a property that may explain the additional transformations that geraniol and other acyclics undergo to yield monoterpene aldehydes, acids, esters, glycosides, and iridoids, many of which possess allelochemical activity as pollinator attractants, feeding deterrents, or insect repellents. Essential oils of lemon grass (or citronella) (<i>Cymbopogon</i>), rose-scented geraniums (<i>Pelargonium</i>), and lemon-scented gums (<i>Corymbia</i>) are rich sources of the acyclic monoterpene alcohols we collectively refer to in this review as ‘citronelloids’. Their formation from geranyl diphosphate may be brought about by the <i>tps-g</i> or <i>tps-b</i> subclade of terpene synthases or, alternatively, by a subclade of Nudix hydrolases which act preferentially on prenyl diphosphate substrates, yielding monoterpene alcohols in a two step process that involves a monophosphate intermediate. In some members of the Lamiid and Campanulid clades, further oxidation of geraniol and a non-classical, reductive cyclization leads to the iridoids, a group of mostly non-volatile, bicyclic monoterpenes with potent anti-herbivory and anti-inflammatory properties. Here we review the recent literature on acyclic monoterpene biosynthesis, their natural distribution across the plant kingdom, and their emerging roles in medicine as biologically active natural products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 2","pages":"361 - 384"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4913513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant cytochrome P450s directing monoterpene indole alkaloid (MIA) and benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) biosynthesis","authors":"Danielle Williams,&nbsp;Vincenzo De Luca","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09841-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09841-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The large family of cytochrome P450 enzymes are heme containing proteins generally associated with the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum in Eukaryotic cells. They play essential roles in detoxification mechanisms of cellular processes and are key components in biosynthesis and evolution of specialized metabolites having various biological activities in the plant kingdom. The assembly of complex monoterpenoid indole alkaloids and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids involves numerous cytochrome P450 enzymes that participate in their chemical diversification and that act as central scaffolds for recruitment of the biosynthetic enzymes required for their production. The present review discusses the roles played by different CYP families (-71, -72, -75, -76, 80-, 82-, -86 and -719) in the diversification of MIA and BIA pathways that have been discovered and characterized. Recent studies using homology model guided site-directed mutagenesis coupled with determination of biochemical function are described that provide insights about how small modifications in protein structures allowed the evolution of new substrate specificity and the appearance of new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids and benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in Nature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 2","pages":"309 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4360310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An updated and comprehensive review on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity and toxicological profile of Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson","authors":"Ehfazul Haque,&nbsp;Md. Sazzadul Bari,&nbsp;Labony Khandokar,&nbsp;Juhaer Anjum,&nbsp;Ibrahim Jantan,&nbsp;Veronique Seidel,&nbsp;Md. Areeful Haque","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09843-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09843-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Tinospora crispa</i> (L.) Hook. f. &amp; Thomson (Menispermaceae) is a plant indigenous to Africa and South-East Asia. It is widely used in ethnomedicine to alleviate various diseases including hypertension, diabetes, rheumatism, jaundice, inflammation, fever, fractures, scabies, and urinary disorders. A total of 167 phytoconstituents, belonging to 12 different chemical categories, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds have thus far been isolated from various parts of <i>T. crispa.</i> Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have already established the antidiabetic, anticancer, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, analgesic, antipyretic, antihyperuricemic, and pesticidal activity of this plant, as well as its effects on the cardiac and the central nervous system. Most pharmacological investigations to date have been carried out on plant extracts and fractions. The exact identity of the phytoconstituents responsible for the observed biological effects and their mode of action at the molecular level are yet to be ascertained. Toxicological studies have demonstrated that <i>T. crispa</i> is relatively safe, although dose-dependent hepatotoxicity is a concern at high doses. This review presents a comprehensive update and analysis on studies related to the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity and toxicological profile of <i>T. crispa</i>. It provides some critical insights into the current scientific knowledge on this plant and its future potential in pharmaceutical research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 1","pages":"211 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-022-09843-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4139415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Millettia isoflavonoids: a comprehensive review of structural diversity, extraction, isolation, and pharmacological properties","authors":"Kebede Taye Desta,&nbsp;A. M. Abd El-Aty","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09845-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09845-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There are approximately 260 known species in the genus <i>Millettia</i>, many of which are used in traditional medicine to treat human and other animal ailments in various parts of the world. Being in the Leguminosae (Fabaceae) family, <i>Millettia</i> species are rich sources of isoflavonoids. In the past three decades alone, several isoflavonoids originating from <i>Millettia</i> have been isolated, and their pharmacological activities have been evaluated against major diseases, such as cancer, inflammation, and diabetes. Despite such extensive research, no recent and comprehensive review of the phytochemistry and pharmacology of <i>Millettia</i> isoflavonoids is available. Furthermore, the structural diversity of isoflavonoids in <i>Millettia</i> species has rarely been reported. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the structural diversity of <i>Millettia</i> isoflavonoids, the methods used for their extraction and isolation protocols, and their pharmacological properties. According to the literature, 154 structurally diverse isoflavonoids were isolated and reported from the various tissues of nine well-known <i>Millettia</i> species. Prenylated isoflavonoids and rotenoids were the most dominant subclasses of isoflavonoids reported. Other subclasses of reported isoflavonoids include isoflavans, aglycone isoflavones, glycosylated isoflavones, geranylated isoflavonoids, phenylcoumarins, pterocarpans and coumaronochromenes. Although some isolated molecules showed promising pharmacological properties, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, estrogenic, and antibacterial activities, others remained untested. In general, this review highlights the potential of <i>Millettia</i> isoflavonoids and could improve their utilization in drug discovery and medicinal use processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 1","pages":"275 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-022-09845-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4140182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planar chromatographic super-hyphenations for rapid dereplication","authors":"G. Morlock","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09844-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-022-09844-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43756435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant extracts and compounds for combating schistosomiasis","authors":"Hesham R. El-Seedi,&nbsp;Shaden A. M. Khalifa,&nbsp;Azza H. Mohamed,&nbsp;Nermeen Yosri,&nbsp;Chao Zhao,&nbsp;Nabil El-Wakeil,&nbsp;Nour F. Attia,&nbsp;Baojun Xu,&nbsp;AbdElhafez R. AbdElhafez,&nbsp;Mohammad H. Boskabady,&nbsp;Sherif Elseedy,&nbsp;Thomas Efferth,&nbsp;Rob Verpoorte","doi":"10.1007/s11101-022-09836-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-022-09836-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Schistosomiasis is a vector-borne water-based disease caused by <i>Schistosoma</i> blood flukes. It mostly affects people in low-income regions, 90% of reported cases being in developing countries. <i>Schistosoma</i> has a complex lifecycle, alternately infecting mammalian hosts and snails. The snails hosting the parasite are the most viable targets. Selective preparations for reducing the parasite pool in snails and infected water are required as current molluscicides are also nontoxic to other organisms, including fish, and thus affect food supplies in infected areas. Plants (e.g. <i>Annona crassiflora</i> Mart.,<i> A. muricata</i> L., and <i>A. montana</i> Macfad.) are attractive potential sources as alternative molluscicides and novel entity to treat the disease owned to their diverse biologically potent compounds including; saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and tannins. Additionally, they can be locally cultivated, providing income for farmers and reducing treatment costs. Here, we review plants, plant extracts and isolated compounds that have shown activities against the host snails or <i>Schistosoma</i> in various parts of its life cycle. Plants have a lot of potential and will continue to contribute feasible, effective medicines and/or pesticides; more research is warranted to fully explore their future applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"22 6","pages":"1691 - 1806"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-022-09836-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42225326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}