Environmental, industrial, and health benefits of Moringa oleifera

IF 7.3 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Harshika Mahaveerchand, Abdul Ajees Abdul Salam
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Abstract

The rise of air, water, and soil pollution poses a significant threat to global health, leading to widespread disease and premature mortality. Soil health is vital, ensuring the production of safe food, but it is compromised by pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, plastics, and excessive fertilization, resulting in the depletion of beneficial microorganisms and subsequently groundwater contamination. Water bodies are polluted due to contamination from industrial effluents, domestic wastewater, agricultural runoff, and oil spillage, further intensifying environmental pollution. On the other hand, atmospheric pollution, characterized by high emissions of gases, volatile compounds, greenhouse gases, not only impacts the climate but also poses serious risks to human health, leading to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular issues, and increased cancer risks. Thus, the strategic utilization of traditional plants emerges as a potent tool for environmental restoration and improving human health. The plants possess natural filtering capabilities, absorbing pollutants from air, soil, and water, thus mitigating their adverse effects. Through phytoremediation, plants can be actively used to extract and remove contaminants, contributing to detoxification and improving water and soil quality. Additionally, plants offer various health benefits. Moringa oleifera or the drumstick plant belonging to the Moringaceae family is one such indigenous plant with wide applications, that can be grown in extreme arid conditions. Since ancient times, this plant has been used for treating skin infections, anaemia, and blood impurities. This plant thrives in diverse climates addressing over 300 different aliments. Rich in phytochemicals and bioactive compounds, M. oleifera serve as a superfood, offering high nutritional values and exhibiting potential for drug development with fewer side effects. Extensive research has elucidated the diverse properties and applications of M. oleifera, however, in-depth research is needed to identify bioactive molecules, phytochemicals, and protein compounds involved, which will aid in understanding of the mechanisms of action of the plant's diverse functions. Although studies have reported several of individual M. oleifera attributes, there is no comprehensive study available addressing its diverse applications. This review covers the findings of past three decades and provides a detailed outline of M. oleifera plant and its various parts, its applications in environmental, industrial, food and health aspects documented to date.

Abstract Image

辣木对环境、工业和健康的益处
空气、水和土壤污染的加剧对全球健康构成了重大威胁,导致疾病泛滥和过早死亡。土壤健康至关重要,可确保安全食品的生产,但重金属、杀虫剂、塑料和过度施肥等污染物损害了土壤健康,导致有益微生物枯竭,进而造成地下水污染。工业废水、生活废水、农业径流和石油泄漏造成水体污染,进一步加剧了环境污染。另一方面,大气污染的特点是气体、挥发性化合物和温室气体排放量高,不仅影响气候,还严重危害人类健康,导致呼吸道疾病、心血管问题和癌症风险增加。因此,战略性地利用传统植物成为恢复环境和改善人类健康的有力工具。植物具有天然过滤能力,可以吸收空气、土壤和水中的污染物,从而减轻其不利影响。通过植物修复,可以积极利用植物提取和清除污染物,促进解毒,改善水质和土壤质量。此外,植物还具有各种健康益处。Moringa oleifera 或属于桑科的鼓槌草就是这样一种应用广泛的本土植物,它可以在极端干旱的条件下生长。自古以来,这种植物就被用于治疗皮肤感染、贫血和血液杂质。这种植物在不同的气候条件下茁壮成长,可治疗 300 多种不同的疾病。油橄榄含有丰富的植物化学物质和生物活性化合物,是一种超级食品,不仅营养价值高,而且具有开发副作用较小的药物的潜力。广泛的研究已经阐明了油橄榄的各种特性和应用,但还需要进行深入研究,以确定其中的生物活性分子、植物化学物质和蛋白质化合物,这将有助于了解该植物各种功能的作用机制。虽然已有研究报告了油橄榄的一些特性,但目前还没有针对其多种应用的全面研究。本综述涵盖了过去三十年的研究成果,详细概述了油橄榄及其各个部分,以及迄今为止记录的其在环境、工业、食品和健康方面的应用。
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来源期刊
Phytochemistry Reviews
Phytochemistry Reviews PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
16.30
自引率
2.60%
发文量
54
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Phytochemistry Reviews is the sole review journal encompassing all facets of phytochemistry. It publishes peer-reviewed papers in six issues annually, including topical issues often stemming from meetings organized by the Phytochemical Society of Europe. Additionally, the journal welcomes original review papers that contribute to advancing knowledge in various aspects of plant chemistry, function, biosynthesis, effects on plant and animal physiology, pathology, and their application in agriculture and industry. Invited meeting papers are supplemented with additional review papers, providing a comprehensive overview of the current status across all areas of phytochemistry.
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