Phytochemistry Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus indica) flower extracts: phytochemicals, therapeutic promise, and nutraceutical applications","authors":"Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10266-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10266-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The flowers of <i>Opuntia ficus indica</i> (cactus pear) are a promising<i>,</i> underexplored botanical source of diverse bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic potential. This review presents a detailed assessment of their phytochemical makeup, including key flavonoids (e.g., isorhamnetin, quercetin, kaempferol), phenolic acids, betalains, and oils, and their contributions to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties. Nutritionally, <i>O. ficus indica</i> flowers are rich in dietary fiber and essential minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and iron. The efficiency of various extraction techniques, including Soxhlet, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), is compared based on bioactive yield. Preclinical studies highlight beneficial effects on glucose regulation, liver function, and neurological health. Practical applications are emerging across the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, including herbal infusions, nutraceutical capsules, wound care products, and functional beverages. By consolidating current findings and identifying research gaps, this review supports the development of standardized, evidence-based products derived from <i>O. ficus indica</i> flower extracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"4685 - 4706"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148781967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythroxylum in the Brazilian Cerrado: a systematic review","authors":"Rosângela Martines Echeverria,&nbsp;Samuel Leite Cardoso,&nbsp;Letícia Santos de Menezes Leal,&nbsp;Marina Borges Guimarães,&nbsp;Omar Enrique Estrada-Semprun,&nbsp;Pérola Oliveira Magalhães,&nbsp;Yris Maria Fonseca-Bazzo,&nbsp;Dâmaris Silveira","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10256-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10256-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The genus <i>Erythroxylum</i> P. Browne (Erythroxylaceae), comprising approximately 270 species globally, is notably diverse in Brazil, where 137 species have been documented, 91 of which are endemic. Within the Cerrado biome, 39 species of <i>Erythroxylum</i> have been identified, yet only 21 have been studied for their pharmacological and/or chemical properties. Using the PRISMA methodology, this systematic review examined 34 articles to evaluate the current knowledge concerning the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological characteristics of these species. The findings indicated that the most frequently reported pharmacological activities include cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects, primarily attributed to secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids. A total of 18 <i>Erythroxylum</i> species remain entirely unstudied, creating a significant gap in our knowledge of their possible medicinal uses. This issue is further compounded by the absence of ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal records for these species, which limits insights into their traditional uses and applications. The Cerrado biome is under threat from deforestation and agricultural expansion, which highlights the importance of investigating understudied species before further biodiversity loss occurs. To address these challenges, future research should prioritize comprehensive screening for novel bioactive compounds and the integration of ethnomedicinal knowledge with pharmacology, through pre-clinical and clinical assays, as well as the development of sustainable cultivation and collection practices to support conservation and bioprospecting.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"4357 - 4393"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-026-10256-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in bioactivity and health benefits of olive leaf: an updated review","authors":"İçim Gökkaya,&nbsp;Gülin Renda,&nbsp;Didem Şöhretoğlu","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10254-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10254-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Olea europaea</i> L. is a significant element of Mediterranean flora and agriculture. Beyond the production of olive fruit and oil, olive leaves are extensively used and constitute a valuable raw material for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Accordingly, extensive research on olive leaves has been conducted, and this review aims to evaluate key advances over the past decade, with a particular focus on clinical evidence and on their applications in the food industry. Olive leaves are a rich source of bioactive compounds that offer various health benefits, including preventive effects against numerous degenerative disorders. They have demonstrated anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties and have shown positive impacts on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and metabolic health regulation. Extraction techniques and processing conditions critically influence the phenolic composition and bioactivity of olive leaves, with modern extraction methods and green solvents enhancing the recovery of bioactive compounds. Clinical trials have confirmed these benefits, particularly regarding cardiovascular health and skin. However, there is a need for more rigorously designed clinical studies to support various health claims. Additionally, long-term toxicological data should be gathered to assess the use of olive leaf extracts across different industries. In conclusion, olive leaf extracts demonstrate considerable promise as natural preservatives and functional ingredients, owing to their physicochemical stability and broad-spectrum biological activity.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 7","pages":"4989 - 5025"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-026-10254-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabidivarin: current evidence on pharmacological activity, biopharmaceutical limitations and clinical prospects","authors":"Surojit Banerjee,&nbsp;Debadri Banerjee,&nbsp;Veerma Ram,&nbsp;Hitesh Kulhari,&nbsp;Deep Pooja,&nbsp;Anupama Singh,&nbsp;Vikas Anand Saharan","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10252-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10252-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cannabidivarin (CBDV) is a non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid that belongs to the varinic class of cannabinoids. It is structurally homologous to cannabidiol, through the presence of a shorter propyl side chain. Although present in small amounts in certain Cannabis varieties, CBDV has gained considerable research interest due to growing preclinical evidence supporting many therapeutic potentials. This review critically consolidates current knowledge on the plant source, biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, stability, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and current formulation strategies of CBDV. A literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, DrugBank, and PubChem. Clinical trial-related information was retrieved from ClinicalTrials.gov and the EU Clinical Trials Register. Patent literature was searched on WIPO Patentscope, USPTO, Espacenet, Google Patents, and Lens. Regulatory information were searched from the websites/databases of the USFDA, the Orange Book, the European Medicines Agency, the MHRA (United Kingdom), and the Health Canada Drug Product Database. Pharmaceutical development of CBDV is limited due to low oral bioavailability, high oxidative and photolytic sensitivity. CBDV modulates CB2 receptors, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRs), dopaminergic pathways, and the endocannabinoid system. Preclinical studies have demonstrated therapeutic relevance in epilepsy, autism, Rett syndrome, etc. Clinical studies indicate that CBDV is well-tolerated, but its efficacy remains limited due to poor systemic exposure and a lack of optimized formulation strategies. The available evidence positions CBDV as a pharmacologically promising cannabinoid that remains underexplored. Rational formulation design approaches, particularly nanotechnology-based delivery systems, have the potential to overcome biopharmaceutical and formulation limitations and facilitate translational development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"4265 - 4289"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytometabolites as therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease: mechanistic insights into neuroprotection and amyloid clearance","authors":"Priyanka Sharma,&nbsp;Aatif Subhan,&nbsp;Samriti Saklania,&nbsp;Suresh Thareja","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10251-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10251-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and behavioural changes, ultimately leading to mortality. With over 45 million cases globally, the prevalence of AD is projected to triple by 2050, posing a significant healthcare challenge due to the absence of curative therapies. The plant kingdom is a rich source of bioactive metabolites with neuroprotective properties. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of various phytochemicals in modulating key molecular mechanisms involved in AD pathogenesis, including reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting aberrant glial activation to attenuate neuroinflammation, promoting amyloid-beta (Aβ) clearance, inhibiting cholinesterase activity, and enhancing acetylcholine levels. This review provides an in-depth analysis of secondary metabolites from plants with promising anti-Alzheimer’s potential, emphasizing their mechanisms of action, challenges, and future research directions. The findings aim to promote further investigation into phytochemical-based interventions for AD management.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"4225 - 4264"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-derived bioactive compounds in nanocarrier systems for dermatological applications","authors":"Gonçalo F. Dias,&nbsp;Amélia C. F. Vieira,&nbsp;Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos,&nbsp;Francisco Veiga,&nbsp;Gustavo Costa","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10249-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10249-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The skin, in its function as the primary barrier against external agents, is vulnerable to the development of pathologies. Consequently, a significant part of the population claims to have experienced a dermal condition, even if it is mild. The use of natural products in cosmetics and the treatment of skin diseases is becoming progressively common. However, challenges related to permeation and release can make it difficult to control the appropriate dosage, potentially reducing efficacy or even causing toxicity. This review aims to provide an overview of recent findings on the use of plant-based nanodelivery systems for the treatment of skin disorders. A review of the existing literature revealed more than 50 studies in both the field of cosmetology, including the prevention of ageing and wrinkles, as well as in the therapeutic field, encompassing skin infections, cancer, inflammatory diseases, dandruff, and wound healing. In the majority of cases, a comparison was made between the nanoformulation and the respective conventional formulation, with the former demonstrating superior efficacy. A variety of plant-based nanoformulations, including nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, nanogels, nanocapsules, nanovesicles, nanocarriers, and nanofibres, have been assessed through a diversity of research methodologies, encompassing in vitro<i>, </i>in vivo<i>,</i> and clinical studies. This review disclosed that nanotechnology offers several platforms with significant advantages in the topical application of natural compounds for the management of skin diseases.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"4147 - 4177"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-026-10249-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148783197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ramulus Rubi: a systematic overview on phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Mongolian medicine","authors":"Chungang Zhang,&nbsp;Ti Wang,&nbsp;Haoliang Hou,&nbsp;Minyuan Tian","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10250-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10250-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The medicinal material Ramulus Rubi is prepared from the dried stems and branches of <i>Rubus idaeus</i> subsp. <i>strigosus</i> (Michx.) Focke. It is of ethnopharmacological relevance, long utilized in traditional Mongolian medicine within China for the treatment of conditions such as immature heat, epidemics, and pestilential fevers. Geographically, it is primarily distributed in China across the Greater Khingan Range to the Qilian Mountains, covering the regions of Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Inner Mongolia, and its use is recorded predominantly in the Mongolian medical system, with additional mentions in Tibetan medicine. In traditional clinical practice, it is frequently incorporated into compound formulations, such as “Siwei Tumuxiang San” and “Tumuxiang Siwei Tang”. This review systematically consolidates the current knowledge on Ramulus Rubi during 1997–2025, with an emphasis on its botanical verification, chemical constituents, quality control, pharmacological properties, and common formulations. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, Science Direct, ACS, Wiley, CNKI, and historical materia medica for the “<i>Rubus sachalinensis</i> H. Lév”, “<i>Rubus idaeus</i> subsp. <i>strigosus</i> (Michx.) Focke<i>”</i> and “Ramulus Rubi” with “Chemical constituents”, “Quality control” or “Biological activity” as keywords and full text was obtained from the respective journal’s website. To date, 176 characterized compounds can be classified into five major groups, predominantly flavonoids, phenolic acids, and triterpenoid saponins. The pharmacological activities of both crude extracts and isolated compounds—spanning antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and cytotoxic effects—are critically examined. This analysis demonstrates a compelling correlation with its traditional uses and underscores its relevance to critical human health concerns. By integrating traditional knowledge with modern phytochemical and pharmacological evidence, this review not only highlights the potential of Ramulus Rubi as a valuable source of putative lead compounds but also identifies key research gaps, urging further investigation into its mechanisms of action, structure–activity relationships, and drug development potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"4179 - 4224"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing microalgal proteins as sustainable bioactive ingredients for cosmetics: green extraction, functionalization, and advanced delivery systems","authors":"Sharmatha Sahadevan,&nbsp;Min Ying Liow,&nbsp;Camille Keisha Mahendra,&nbsp;Wei Zhe Ng,&nbsp;Eng-Seng Chan,&nbsp;Noorazlenawati Borhan,&nbsp;Liyana Yahya,&nbsp;Fatin A’lia M. Bakri,&nbsp;Azima Syafaini Japar,&nbsp;Wong Chan,&nbsp;M. Syazwan M. Shukor,&nbsp;Cher Pin Song","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10247-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10247-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, microalgae have emerged as sustainable biofactories for synthesizing high-value metabolites, with proteins such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), phycobiliproteins, and bioactive peptides garnering significant attention as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic cosmetic ingredients. This review critically evaluates the multifunctional bioactivities of microalgal proteins for cosmeceutical applications, with a particular focus on photoaging, including UV photoprotection, antioxidant, anti-melanogenic and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as other properties like antimicrobial and natural dyeing functions. Additionally, this review explores advancements in environmentally sustainable extraction technologies, including ultrasound-assisted, microwave-assisted and pulsed electric field (PEF) techniques, as well as the integration of green solvents (i.e., ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DES)) and enzymes that address key limitations of conventional methods, such as high energy requirements, low scalability, and protein degradation. This review also examines innovative functionalization strategies, notably enzyme hydrolysis and nano- and micro-encapsulation systems. These approaches enhance the stability, bioavailability, compatibility and bioactivities of microalgal proteins in cosmetic formulations. By integrating insights into the high protein yields of industrially relevant microalgae species, their diverse biofunctional properties, and cutting-edge processing techniques, this review positions microalgal proteins as next-generation, sustainable ingredients poised to revolutionize the cosmetics industry. The synthesis of biological efficacy, green chemistry principles, and technological innovation underscores their potential to meet rising consumer demand for natural, non-toxic, and high-performance cosmetic solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"4027 - 4095"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-026-10247-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of action of natural plant-derived bioactive compounds in treating intestinal tight junctions dysfunction","authors":"Jiduo Han,&nbsp;Ziliang Xiao,&nbsp;Lingyu Yang,&nbsp;Jianfang Feng,&nbsp;Yi Jin,&nbsp;Meng Cheng,&nbsp;Liangxing Tu","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10242-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10242-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tight junctions (TJs), a critical regulator of intestinal barrier integrity, has gained increasing attention on fields like intestinal health and drug absorption. Recent researches highlighted the remarkable potential of natural plants on intestinal TJs through multiple mechanisms. This review selected several represented active components derived from natural medicinal plants (like flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and etc.) and formulas of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and systematically reviewed their mechanisms on modulating intestinal TJs, including the modulation of inflammatory responses, upregulation of tight junction proteins (TJPs) expression and promotion of intestinal epithelial cell repair. Furthermore, their potential applications in fields like management of intestinal disorders management and oral absorption are discussed. This review could provide novel perspectives and theoretical support on intestinal TJs related researches.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"3943 - 3968"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnopharmacological exploration of Indian medicinal plants: from traditional knowledge to modern medicine","authors":"Indrajeet Kumar,&nbsp;Sachin Kumar Vishwakarma,&nbsp;Prince Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Umesh Kumar,&nbsp;Rahul Prasad Singh,&nbsp;Parvati Madheshiya,&nbsp;Akanksha Dwivedi,&nbsp;Priyanka Singh,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s11101-026-10234-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-026-10234-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For centuries, plants have served as the foundation of folk herbal remedies for treating a wide range of ailments, inspiring the discovery and development of new drugs. India boasts a rich tradition of utilizing medicinal plants for therapeutic purposes, a legacy spanning millennia and deeply embedded within its diverse cultural tapestry. In light of recent advancements in molecular targets based on proteins, there is an increasing demand for fresh chemical diversity in screening processes. Natural products continue to be crucial in meeting this demand through ongoing exploration of global biodiversity, much of which remains untapped. While drug discovery from medicinal plants remains a significant avenue for finding novel therapeutic leads, several challenges persist, including the identification and implementation of suitable high-throughput screening assays, as well as the scaling up of bioactive molecule production and procurement of plant materials. Addressing these challenges requires collaborative efforts across multiple disciplines, spanning national and global partnerships in the realms of design, synthesis, discovery, and drug development techniques. The present review paper focus on the advancement in the traditional uses of medicinal plant based on indigenous knowledge through explaining the mechanisms of modern drug development using various approaches such as omics technologies, computational biology, CRISPR/Cas9 system, artificial intelligence (AI) and efficient drug delivery by nanoparticle, hydrogels, phytosomes, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (DEDDS), etc.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"3699 - 3735"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148782405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}