Phytochemistry Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Biotransformation of natural compounds to create useful medicinal products","authors":"Akbar Esmaeili","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-10002-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-024-10002-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bioconversion holds significant value across global industries, particularly in commercializing food and drug waste. The biotransformation of chitosan into valuable food products underscores its versatile applications. This process involves microbial fermentation and enzymatic pathways, pivotal in achieving effective bioconversion. Natural compounds, integral to pharmaceutical sciences, are identified and extracted from diverse plant and animal sources. These compounds are crucial in medicine, industrial applications, and raw material production. This article focuses on microbial conversion techniques applied to natural products, which are increasingly pivotal in medicinal applications. The structural diversity resulting from microbial transformation enhances the functionality of these compounds beyond those found in animals and plants. Such compounds are utilized as renewable resources across the food and pharmaceutical sectors, serving as thickeners, gelling agents, moisture regulators, stabilizers, emulsifiers, and medicinal components. This study reviews current methodologies and emphasizes the growing importance of bioconversion in enhancing sustainability and innovation within these industries. The article explores the biotransformation of natural compounds into valuable medicinal products. It emphasizes microbial conversion techniques, highlighting their pivotal role in enhancing the functionality and sustainability of the pharmaceutical and food sectors.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on various carcinogenic aspects of N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP)","authors":"Priya Chaudhary, Devendra Singh, Pracheta Janmeda","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-10000-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-024-10000-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>N</i>-nitrosamines, the potential hazardous pollutants, are classified as most mutagenic and probable carcinogenic compounds. One of the Potentially carcinogenic <i>N</i>-nitroso compounds is <i>N</i>-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) which is produced by the oxidation or nitrosation of amine precursors. NPIP can be found in a variety of matrices including latex products, agricultural chemicals, cosmetic items, chlorinated water, alcoholic beverages, spices, and food products. Various physical (ionized radiation, and ultraviolet light), chemical (outdoor and indoor air pollution, second-hand smoke, asbestos, metals, and vinyl chloride), and biological (diet, physical activity, infection, mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds, nitrosamines) factors are identified as precursors associated with the formation of NPIP. In addition, various genetic factors (cell cycle genes, tissue organization genes, signal transduction genes, and DNA repair genes) are also involved in the development of NPIP-directed diseases. Under physiological conditions, NPIP is found to be stable but require cytochrome P450-directed hydroxylation at the carbon atoms adjacent to nitroso group to form α-hydroxy NPIP ester for their metabolic activation. Various acute, chronic, reproductive health hazards may produce after the reaction of α-acetoxy-<i>N-</i>nitrosopiperidine with 2′-deoxy guanosine which can last for months or years. Different types of cancers such as esophageal, hepatocellular, pulmonary, bronchial and alveologenic are induced in response of NPIP in different animal models at 33 or 66 mg/kg, 0.88 × 10^–3 M, 0.2 mmol/kg of dosage. Tumours, such as tonofibrils, desmosomes, irregular nuclei, aggregated condensed chromatin with pars amorpha and fibrillar components, induced in lab animals show resemblance with their human counterparts with respect to their histological studies. Various studies have explored the role of food mutagen NPIP in generating caspase directed apoptosis. Apoptosis is well characterized by nucleus fragmentation, chromatin condensation, cell volume reduction, cytoplasmic shrinkage, and membrane blebbing. The safety and health organizations have taken various preventive measures to limit the exposure of NPIP carcinogenic compounds around residential areas and workplaces but this further requires population-based intervention and some policy implementation. Removal techniques like biological denitrifications, electrodialysis, ion-exchange chromatography, reverse osmosis, cellulose nanopaper membrane, etc., have also been applied to control the exposure of NPIP. Thus, NPIP has a role as an environmental pollutant, a mutagen, an apoptosis inducer, and a carcinogenic agent. Therefore, we have reviewed some basic features of NPIP and its contribution towards various types of cancers, along with some preventive measures and removal techniques of NPIP for the first time in this report.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physochlainae Radix, a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and medica processing","authors":"Jin Li,&nbsp;Shi-Jun Liu,&nbsp;Zai-Long Huang,&nbsp;Jia Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-09975-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-024-09975-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Physochlainae Radix [called Huashanshen (华山参)in Chinese], the root of <i>Physochlaina infundibularis</i> Kuang. (PI), is utilized as traditional medicine in China. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) use, Huashanshen (HSS) is traditionally used to treat wheezing and coughing, palpitation and insomnia. The information related to HSS was gathered by searching the internet (ScienceDirect, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, Google Scholar and Baidu Scholar) and libraries. From 1965 to September 2023, 99 compounds have been isolated and identified from HSS. This work systematically sorted out 99 compounds with clear structures in HSS. On this basis, combined with the chemical composition of HSS, its functional efficacy was expounded. The aim of this review was to examine this plant’s botany, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, toxicity, medica processing and quality control. The main chemical constituents of HSS include alkaloids, especially tropane alkaloids and the secondary compounds include volatile oils, fatty acids and phenolic acids, amides and other small molecules. These active substances endowed HSS antiasthmatic activity, central nervous system activity, cardiovascular activity, hepatoprotective activity, renal protective activity, enhance immune system, improve gastrointestinal function and other pharmacological activities, which has been verified many times in vivo and in vitro experiments. The TCM use of HSS, including warming lung to eliminate sputum, relieving cough and asthma and tranquilizing mind, is based on its antiasthmatic activity, central nervous system activity, cardiovascular activity, hepatoprotective activity, renal protective activity. In addition, the toxicity of HSS is closely related to tropane alkaloids. Considering the requirement of balancing efficacy and safety in clinical applications, the quality standards of HSS need to rely on modern analytical techniques and pharmacological methods for more in-depth research. There is a conflict between the medical needs and resource protection of HSS, and how to solve the shortage of natural resources of HSS is an important issue. Modern research on resource protection and development of medicinal ingredients is also the direction of future research.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"24 2","pages":"1503 - 1533"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavonoids and carotenoids from Brazilian flora: food and pharmaceutical applications and their extraction features","authors":"Lívia Mayra Andrade, Robson Antônio de Vasconcelos, Adriana Oliveira Santos, Aline Lopes Nascimento, Núbia Fernandes Bispo, Suely Rodrigues Pereira, Thalita Cordeiro Santos, Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho, Jane Sélia dos Reis Coimbra, Bruna Mara Aparecida de Carvalho Mesquita","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-09998-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-024-09998-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nutrition issues and the increase in food allergy diseases experienced in recent years have encouraged part of the worldwide population to seek foods that, in addition to nourishing, can benefit their health, such as foods abundant in bioactive compounds. In this context, our objective was to conduct a review to emphasize the richness of the biodiversity of the Brazilian flora concerning the presence of bioactive compounds, their pharmacological applications, and their extraction characteristics. This narrative review screened the databases and identified 120 research articles published on the topic. These articles were analyzed to examine associated parameters such as the availability and applications of these bioactive compounds. These compounds exhibit therapeutic properties, such as antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects, with multiple benefits to health and treating illnesses. In addition, the methods for extracting bioactive compounds must be constantly improved to increase their purity and yield because these metabolites are present in complex media. Addressing these issues is essential for improving the overall experience of health-conscious individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial activity of Garcinia spp. by molecular docking simulations: an overview","authors":"Nur Fazlin Zafirah Zaine, Ainaa Nadiah Abd Halim, Rosmawati Saat, Vivien Jong Yi Mian, Nor Hisam Zamakshshari","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-09997-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-024-09997-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The plant genus <i>Garcinia</i>, which belongs to the Clusiaceae family, was discovered to have excellent sources of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential and, therefore received significant attention due to its potential for medicinal properties. In the twenty-first century, one of the most crucial threats to global health, food security, and development is antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The alarming surge in AMR transcends geographical and demographic boundaries, impacting individuals of all ages and nationalities. This phenomenon renders previously effective antibiotics increasingly powerless against a growing tide of resistant bacterial infections, posing a significant public health challenge. Notably, the compilation of extract and bioactive compounds from <i>Garcinia</i> species that have potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains by the study of previous research reported in this review. Apart from that, the structure-antibacterial activity relationship for the class of specialized compounds also had been discussed. In addition, this study employed advanced molecular modelling simulations conducted by the authors to explore the mechanism of microbial pathways of isolated compounds that lead to strong antibacterial activity. Based on this comprehensive review, bioactive compounds isolated from <i>Garcinia</i> species emerge as promising candidates for spearheading the development of novel antibacterial agents. Their potential merits were further investigated through in vitro and in vivo studies to fully elucidate their efficacy and safety profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141717810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Escin’s phytochemistry and pharmacy: biosynthesis, chemistry, synergism and novel activities","authors":"Sunnatullo Fazliev,&nbsp;Khurshid Tursunov,&nbsp;Avez Sharipov,&nbsp;Vosiljon Xaydarov,&nbsp;Nodirali Normakhamatov,&nbsp;Kamal Rizaev,&nbsp;Tianfu Wang,&nbsp;Haji Akber Aisa","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-09956-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-024-09956-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drug resistance against antibiotics and cancer chemotherapeutics are one of the pressing issues before contemporary medicine. One way to overcome drug resistance—administration of multiple drugs called “polypharmacy” has its own problems and concerns. Combining drugs in a single formulation to increase therapeutic efficacy through synergistic effects and enhanced sensitivity is becoming popular nowadays. This approach allows to combine various drugs, especially natural product-based compounds to achieve decreased toxicity and increased bioavailability. In addition, drug delivery is another powerful way to increase therapeutic efficacy and minimise adverse effects of drugs. Furthermore, novel activities of already used drugs are being discovered through combinatorial approaches and network pharmacology. Escin, plant derived triterpenoid saponins, certainly offers a great platform when it comes to combination drugs. Besides potent anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oedematous effects, recent years have seen a number of publications reporting various pharmacological activities of drug combinations containing escin. Moreover, as a natural biosurfactant, escin can also be used in drug delivery systems. In this review we focus on escin as a natural adjunct compound in various combination drug formulations, drug delivery vehicles and explore synergistic and novel activities arising from such combined drugs. We comprehensively discuss and present an overview of geography, sources, functions in flora, extraction methods, biosynthesis and chemistry of escin isomers. We then delve into pharmacological activities as well as in vitro and in vivo studies of combination drugs with escin. We end the review with concluding remarks, open questions and possible future directions of the field.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"24 2","pages":"1345 - 1363"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing broiler chicken health and performance: the impact of phytobiotics on growth, gut microbiota, antioxidants, and immunity","authors":"Jakub Urban,&nbsp;Karwan Yaseen Kareem,&nbsp;Arkadiusz Matuszewski,&nbsp;Damian Bień,&nbsp;Patrycja Ciborowska,&nbsp;Kamil Lutostański,&nbsp;Monika Michalczuk","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-09994-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-024-09994-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The total ban on antibiotics as growth promoters in livestock nutrition, introduced in EU (European Union) countries on 1 January 2006, presented animal nutritionists with a considerable challenge in finding alternatives. First, the additives had to protect animals’ digestive tracts from pathogenic bacteria, and second, they should be inert in relation to the animals’ bodies. After many experiments, phytobiotics seem like they may be an effective alternative. This article aims to review key scientific articles relating to the use of phytobiotics of various origins in the feeding of chickens for fattening. The review of the available literature brings together the most important research findings on the effects of phytobiotic supplementation on growth performance, gut microbiota, antioxidant status and immune system of broiler chickens. Phytobiotics are natural plant substances produced to protect plants against pathogenic microorganisms. Phytobiotics are classified as a group of biologically active compounds with a broad chemical diversity and may include terpenes, triterpenes and flavonoids. Based on the collected information, it can be concluded that the use of phytobiotics in appropriate quantities and proportions in feed for broiler chickens influences the proper functioning of the digestive tract by, among other things, stimulating beneficial microbiota and secretion of digestive enzymes. In addition, the introduction of such feed additives has an impact on the alleviation of inflammation, supports the functioning of the immune system and has a positive influence on production results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"24 2","pages":"2131 - 2145"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-024-09994-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sticky business: the intricacies of acylsugar biosynthesis in the Solanaceae","authors":"Eloisa Vendemiatti, Lillian Nowack, Lazaro Eustáquio Pereira Peres, Vagner A. Benedito, Craig A. Schenck","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-09996-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-024-09996-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plants display tremendous chemical diversity. Like all organisms, they possess a core set of metabolites for growth and development. However, plants are notorious for their specialized chemical repertoire. Biologically active specialized metabolites enable plants to interact with their environment and provide humans with diverse medicines. Specialized metabolites are derived from core metabolites, often using enzymes that evolved from core pathways in a lineage-specific manner. Biochemical understanding of plant specialized metabolic pathways provides insight into the evolutionary origins of chemical diversity and tools for engineering the production of biologically active metabolites. Acylsugars are a class of specialized metabolites occurring widely in the Solanaceae and other plant families where they contribute to fitness. Although assembled from simple core metabolic precursors, sugars and acyl chains, tremendous acylsugar structural diversity is observed across the Solanaceae family. Enzymes that catalyze the esterification of acyl chains to sugar cores have been well characterized from phylogenetically diverse species, and their biochemical diversity contributes to acylsugar structural variation. The upstream metabolic pathways that provide the acyl chain precursors also contribute to acylsugar structural variation. Yet, biochemical and genetic understanding of these upstream biosynthetic pathways is less well known. Here, we focus on recent advances in acyl chain biosynthesis and elongation pathways, the subcellular distribution of acylsugar biosynthesis, and how biochemical innovations in acylsugar biosynthesis contribute to structural diversity specifically focusing on Solanaceae-type acylsugars.</p>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenols and terpenoids derived from Ocimum species as prospective hepatoprotective drug leads: a comprehensive mechanistic review","authors":"Amrita Chatterjee,&nbsp;Biswatrish Sarkar","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-09992-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-024-09992-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The hepatic regulatory role in metabolism involves exposure to a diverse array of xenobiotic compounds leading to the potential accumulation of harmful toxins and subsequent manifestation of hepatic conditions such as steatosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Herbs as part of culinary and traditional uses have demonstrated therapeutic effects against such conditions. Predominant among the dietary constituents are polyphenols and terpenoids, which are known for their liver-protective efficacies. Evident from their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and modulation of antioxidant enzymes this class of phytochemicals regulates pivotal liver biomarkers. <i>Ocimum</i> species, notably Tulsi, are recognized for their abundant repertoire of terpenoids and polyphenols. From time immemorial, owing to its diverse biological properties, the <i>Ocimum</i> species has made its way into our culinary habits and traditions. Clinical findings have indicated the beneficial effects of <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> on the biochemical parameters of the liver in young overweight/obese subjects. However, despite several pre-clinical<i>,</i> and clinical studies elucidating the hepatoprotective potential of <i>Ocimum</i> species, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the actions of phenolic and terpenoid phytoconstituents is lacking till date. Consequently, targeted molecular therapies involving <i>Ocimum</i> species are yet to be developed. Thus, this mechanistic review was aimed at elucidating the intricate molecular pathways through which polyphenols and terpenoids derived from <i>Ocimum</i> species exert their hepatoprotective effects. By correlating these molecular mechanisms, insights into the hepatoprotective abilities of polyphenols and terpenoids found in <i>Ocimum</i> species were provided, which may pave the way for potential targeted therapeutic interventions.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"24 2","pages":"2087 - 2129"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant milkweed: a comprehensive review of chemical constituents and their insecticidal properties","authors":"K. Mounisha,&nbsp;Y. S. Johnson Thangaraj Edward,&nbsp;M. Kannan,&nbsp;S. Vellaikumar,&nbsp;D. Uma,&nbsp;P. Indiragandhi","doi":"10.1007/s11101-024-09986-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-024-09986-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Calotropis gigantea</i> (L.) W.T. Aiton, a common barren land weed, referred to as Giant Milkweed, has attracted considerable attention due to its rich abundance of phytochemicals possessing potent insecticidal properties. The review extensively explores the varied spectrum of chemical compounds present in <i>C. gigantea</i>, ranging from giganticine and ethion to stigmastan-6,22-dien,3,5-dedihydro-, β-amyrin, and others, offering detailed explanation about their structural diversity and potential applications. The primary focus is on a detailed evaluation of the insecticidal properties shown by these compounds against a wide range of insects, which collectively reinforce the natural insecticidal effectiveness of <i>C. gigantea</i>. This diligent study provides a thorough understanding on the individual effects of the compounds against insects, revealing their vital role in the development of innovative pest management strategies. This review aims to seek a comprehensive overview of the chemical constituents within this botanical resource that give a deep knowledge on their insecticidal characteristics. The ultimate aim is to pave the way for future research and practical applications in integrated pest management practices, contributing to the sustainable agriculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"24 2","pages":"1923 - 1940"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}