Phytochemistry Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Bio revolution of green polymers: advancing the circular bioeconomy via bio-sourced biopolymers, from extraction to diverse applications and sustainability assessment","authors":"Afaf Moufaddel,&nbsp;Badr Eddine Kartah,&nbsp;Hanae El Monfalouti,&nbsp;Khalid Bougrin","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10204-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10204-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The biodegradability, biocompatibility, and sustainability of the biopolymers have created a new wave of innovation in the biosciences field and have become today an important component in the circular economy as green biotechnology, which could have a significant impact on scientific, engineering, and industrial sectors. Recent developments in the green economy, focusing on protecting the environment, have increased the demand for biopolymers derived from renewable resources as viable alternatives to petroleum-derived polymers, emphasizing sustainability and value-adding. Adopting a suitable extraction process is the main obstacle and challenge to producing biopolymers at low-cost, economical manufacturing plants, and continues to influence industrial research. This review describes the potential scale of alternative sources of biopolymers from renewable biomass waste as an energy-efficient and low-carbon process. Biopolymers exhibit significant variability depending on their origin, pretreatment methods, and extraction techniques, each with unique benefits and challenges in production. The study categorizes these biopolymers into various forms, such as films, membranes, scaffolds, sponges, hydrogels, fibers, and encapsulations, each with distinct advantages and diverse applications across multiple industries, including textiles, medical devices, biodegradable packaging, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, water treatment, bio composites, and biosensors. Furthermore, we evaluate the sustainability and durability of biopolymers throughout their life cycles, with particular attention to their environmental impacts at the end of life. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2489 - 2544"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer activity of Annona species: a systematic review","authors":"Patricia Luciana Carriel Corrêa,&nbsp;Mariano Martínez-Vázquez,&nbsp;Iván De-la-Cruz-Chacón,&nbsp;Carolina Ovile Mimi,&nbsp;Gisela Ferreira","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10205-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10205-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The genus <i>Annona</i>, which belongs to the Annonaceae family, has several biological activities, including anticancer activity. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, requiring investigation of new alternatives to combat it. This systematic review aims to analyze the chemodiversity of plant organs of the genus <i>Annona</i> and their anticancer activity. A systematic search was performed in the Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases, using the search terms: “<i>Annona</i>” AND “antitumor OR anticancer OR cytotoxic OR antitumoral OR cancer”. The review only included studies that mentioned the compounds present in extracts of <i>Annona</i> species that have shown activity against cancer cells. Of the 166 species of the genus <i>Annona</i>, 29 have been studied for their anticancer activity in their extracts or compounds. Specialized metabolites of <i>Annona</i> species with anticancer activity include alkaloids, acetogenins, terpenes, flavonoids, coumarins, cyclopeptides and saponins, with distinct mechanisms of action. The most studied plant organs are leaves and seeds. Acetogenins isolated from seeds are the metabolites most evaluated against several cancer cell lines, reflecting the interest in their high inhibitory potential. The chemodiversity of plant organs of <i>Annona</i> species has high cytotoxic potential, especially with the presence of acetogenins.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2545 - 2582"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical complexity, pharmacological significance and developed products of Pelargonium sidoides DC","authors":"Kundani Khameli,&nbsp;Muinat Nike Lewu,&nbsp;Takalani Mulaudzi,&nbsp;Oluwafemi Ayodeji Adebo,&nbsp;Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10201-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10201-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Pelargonium sidoides</i> DC. is a plant of significant medicinal value that grows naturally in Southern Africa, particularly in Lesotho and South Africa. This plant has been utilised for decades as a traditional medicine by different tribes to treat gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. It has also been widely studied, which has led to its local and international commercial success. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the plant’s phytochemistry, its pharmacological significance and the products produced from the plant’s roots. Different classes of phytochemicals that have been reported from the plant’s extract, such as coumarins and flavonoids, are presented. Extraction techniques and solvents to exploit valuable phytochemicals in <i>P. sidoides</i> are also addressed. The aqueous ethanolic extract of <i>P. sidoides,</i> commercially known as EPs 7630, is evaluated for the clinical treatment of ailments such as acute bronchitis and acute tonsillopharyngitis. In addition, various phytochemical products such as Linctagon and Umckaloabo produced from <i>P. sidoides</i> are discussed. The review also provides information on products currently available in the market and their respective uses. As a result of the significant demand for this plant in the market, this review will further give an insight into the possibility of commercially cultivating <i>P. sidoides</i> to meet market needs, to avoid depleting the naturally occurring plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2411 - 2438"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147561516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of chemical diversity of Kappaphycus alvarezii: biological properties, health benefits, and food applications","authors":"Bahrun Bahrun,&nbsp;Hakiki Melanie,&nbsp;Nina Artanti,&nbsp;Yulia Anita,&nbsp;Endar Marraskuranto,&nbsp;Ambo Tuwo,&nbsp;Yusaku Miyamae","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10197-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10197-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Macroalgae are considered highly nutritious organism and are potentially used as a functional food. Additionally, macroalgae are rich in secondary metabolites that can be used to treat various diseases. Macroalgae can be regarded as one of the options for resolving numerous global health issues that have become increasingly concerning. <i>Kappaphycus alvarezii</i>, also known as <i>Eucheuma cottonii</i>, is considered for various applications. This potential arises from its high content of both primary and secondary metabolites. This review will highlight the metabolites and their implications for biological properties, health benefits, and food applications of <i>K. alvarezii</i>. This marine red algae species contains secondary metabolites, including terpenoids, chlorinated C20-cyclooctene and C23-cyclooctenyl, heptalenecarbolactone, and heptalenecarboxylate derivatives, along with various N-containing and other compounds. Additionally, it has primary metabolites such as fatty acids, lipids, amino acids, proteins, sugars, and polysaccharides. These metabolites contribute to various biological properties, including antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects, rendering them valuable for health applications. Moreover, <i>K. alvarezii</i> holds promise in the food industry due to its nutritional content, which includes essential minerals, amino acids, proteins, ω-3, ω-6, and ω-9 fatty acids. Recognizing this potential is crucial for maximizing the future use of <i>K. alvarezii</i> as a source of beneficial metabolites. Efforts should focus on isolating and characterizing these diverse yet underexplored compounds, which could provide valuable insights for applications in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and biotechnology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2367 - 2388"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the chemical space of natural products from diverse sources: a chemoinformatics perspective","authors":"Yi Liu,&nbsp;Zhen Tian,&nbsp;Bohong Xu,&nbsp;De-Xin Kong","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10198-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10198-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural products (NPs) have been pivotal in drug discovery, with over half of approved small-molecule drugs originating directly or indirectly from NPs. With continuous practice, a significant amount of NP-related data has been accumulated, leading to the booming of various NP databases and chemoinformatics analysis. This review aims to examine chemoinformatics studies of the chemical space of NPs, emphasizing their structural characteristics and bioactivities across different source species, chemotypes, environments, and geographical regions. Current databases document over 1.1 million NPs, which display high structural diversity and complexity, frequently with glycosylation and halogenation. NPs exhibit distinct features based on their origins. Marine NPs are larger and more hydrophobic than terrestrial counterparts, while deep-sea and extremophile-derived NPs show novel scaffolds and bioactivities. NPs occupy broader chemical spaces than synthetic compounds, yet discovery rates of novel structures are declining. The limited availability of NPs (only ~ 10% purchasable) and the redundancy in known scaffolds pose major challenges in NP research. Future strategies highlight integrating multidimensional databases, leveraging artificial intelligence for target prediction, and exploring untapped species and extreme environments to uncover unique bioactive compounds. The key findings of chemoinformatics analysis on NPs to date were summarized. This article presents a comprehensive, multidimensional perspective on NP chemical space, contributing to a deeper understanding of NPs and valuable theoretical insights into natural drug discovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2389 - 2410"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective on yeast-3-hybrid assays for target identification of bioactive natural products","authors":"Jonas A. Stehlin,&nbsp;Claudia Ascher,&nbsp;Simone Moser","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10199-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10199-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While an immense number of natural products have been screened for bioactivity using a variety of phenotypic assays, elucidation of their protein targets remains a significant bottleneck limiting further clinical research. Next to conventional pulldown assays and modern developments, such as cellular thermal shift assays (CETSA), yeast three-hybrid (Y3H) has emerged as a powerful yet underutilized tool that provides a low-barrier avenue for target identification of the challenging natural products space. Still, adoption of Y3H in natural products research has been slow in spite of successful target identification of a diverse range of small molecules reported in literature. In this perspective, we present the underlying methodology and its limitations as well as possible future developments and how it may accelerate and complement the target ID of natural compounds. We encourage natural product researchers to increase efforts on target elucidation of their lead compounds and propose Y3H as an approach, which could be integrated into existing workflows.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 4","pages":"2623 - 2629"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-025-10199-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147571253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive plant compounds and exercise: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications","authors":"Sen Lin,&nbsp;Jiayu Jiang,&nbsp;Jingjing Ren,&nbsp;Mohammad J. Rezaei","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10192-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10192-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intense physical exercise induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle damage, which can impair athletic performance and recovery. This comprehensive review synthesizes the current evidence on the molecular mechanisms and clinical efficacy of bioactive plant compounds in mitigating these physiological stressors. Analysis of the literature reveals that these compounds primarily exert protective effects by modulating key signaling pathways, such as activating the Nrf2 antioxidant response and inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation. In human trials, specific compounds demonstrate clear benefits: bioavailable curcumin formulations (e.g., ~ 400 mg/day) and tart cherry anthocyanins are effective at reducing key markers of muscle damage (such as creatine kinase) and soreness, while beetroot juice (providing ~ 5–8 mmol of nitrate) consistently improves exercise efficiency and performance via the nitrate-nitric oxide pathway. In contrast, promising compounds like quercetin and resveratrol have yielded inconsistent results, a discrepancy largely attributed to poor oral bioavailability. The clinical utility of these compounds is therefore critically dependent on formulation and delivery methods. While plant-based bioactives represent a promising nutritional strategy for athletes, future research must prioritize large-scale, standardized trials to translate these findings into reliable, evidence-based recommendations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2183 - 2231"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal plants and human health: a comprehensive review of bioactive compounds, therapeutic effects, and applications","authors":"Riffat Latif,&nbsp;Taufiq Nawaz","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10194-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10194-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Medicinal plants continue to serve as a vital source of structurally diverse bioactive compounds with broad therapeutic potential. This review synthesizes recent advances in the field, emphasizing how modern technologies are reshaping natural product research and translational applications. Omics platforms—including genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and spatial omics—enable comprehensive mapping of biosynthetic pathways, regulatory networks, and spatial chemical distributions, accelerating the discovery and characterization of bioactive compounds. Artificial intelligence-driven approaches in predictive modeling, automated metabolite annotation, and optimized cultivation strategies are examined as transformative tools for improving research efficiency and reproducibility. In parallel, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are highlighted for their ability to enhance bioavailability, target specificity, and therapeutic efficacy, particularly against complex diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The review also addresses critical challenges, including biodiversity conservation, contamination and adulteration of herbal products, and gaps in regulatory oversight. Finally, we discuss future perspectives where integrative, multidisciplinary strategies are poised to advance personalized medicine, promote sustainable harvesting, and drive innovative phytopharmaceutical development. By bridging traditional knowledge with state-of-the-art technologies, this review underscores the evolving role of medicinal plants in next-generation healthcare solutions and their transformative potential for global health.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2299 - 2342"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-025-10194-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into therapeutic potential of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.in diabetes mellitus and its chronic health complexities: from botany, medicinal chemistry to clinical trials approach","authors":"Harshita Singh,&nbsp;Navneeta Bharadvaja","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10195-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10195-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herbal drugs are gaining spectacular attention nowadays due to immense therapeutic potential known since time immemorial. The remarkable increase in herbal drugs in different disease such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, diabetes, leprosy etc. is indeed creating a pavement to exploit the traditional ancient wisdom through scientific lens of modern era. Diabetic patients are upsurging day by day and is becoming a matter of concern. The surge in number of illnesses associated with diabetes is presenting the cartographic scenario of diabetes worldwide. The present review is an attempt to elucidate the anti-diabetic potential of Centelloids and others phytoconstituents from <i>Centella asiatica.</i> The significance of <i>C. asiatica</i> phytocompounds, their pharmacology and phytochemistry are  also highlighted. The study was conducted via surfing of different databases such as Google scholar databases, PubMed, Scopus, science direct and few articles from the concerned publications website using different keywords like <i>C. asiatica</i>, compounds, diabetes mellitus etc. This review consists of many relevant papers with their valuable citations. A diverse range of phytocompounds such as asiatic acid, madecassic acid etc. in <i>C. asiatica</i> has contributed to its therapeutic potential in diabetes mellitus. <i>C. asiatica</i> is enriched with many secondary metabolites. Different molecular and pharmacological mechanism based on clinical trials has been reported to elucidate the mode of action of <i>C. asiatica</i> phytoconstituents via different signaling pathway namely, protein kinase B, glycogen synthase kinase B, TGFb1/Samd AMPK, SIRT1, TGF etc. in diabetes mellitus, thus making it a miraculous medicinal herb. This review insights into possible therapeutic potential of <i>C. asiatica</i> compounds in diabetes mellitus via different mechanism and mode of action, its description, phytochemistry, ethnobotany which could further pave a pathway for development of significant drugs for diabetes mellitus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2343 - 2366"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scratching the surface: The diversity and roles of triterpenoids in plant cuticular waxes","authors":"Priyanka Trivedi,&nbsp;Gang-Shuai Liu,&nbsp;Linards Klavins,&nbsp;Raktim Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Soile Jokipii-Lukkari,&nbsp;Adinpunya Mitra,&nbsp;Maris Klavins,&nbsp;Da-qi Fu,&nbsp;Laura Jaakola,&nbsp;Anna Szakiel,&nbsp;Katja Karppinen","doi":"10.1007/s11101-025-10191-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11101-025-10191-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cuticle and cuticular waxes play vital roles as the interface between a plant and its environment. Cuticular waxes are composed of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and their derivatives as well as triterpenoids, which are specialized metabolites. Although triterpenoids constitute a major fraction of cuticular waxes, their functions remain poorly understood. In this review, we provide an overview of the chemical diversity of triterpenoids in the cuticular waxes of leaves and fruits of angiosperms and discuss changes in triterpenoid content during their development. The methods and challenges for the analysis of cuticular wax triterpenoids are summarized. The biosynthesis of triterpenoids is also reviewed along with recent knowledge of the potential mechanisms of triterpenoid transportation and secretion from the site of biosynthesis to the plant surface. Considering ongoing climate change, the current understanding of the effects of environmental conditions and abiotic stress factors on cuticular wax triterpenoids is reviewed. We also present an overview of the current knowledge on the roles of triterpenoids in cuticular waxes in transpiration and defense against biotic stressors and their possible role in cuticle stabilization. Moreover, owing to the generally high levels of triterpenoids in fruit cuticular waxes, the provided information on the variation and role of cuticular wax triterpenoids during postharvest fruit storage might help in the development of strategies for better fruit quality maintenance and preservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":733,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry Reviews","volume":"25 3","pages":"2149 - 2182"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11101-025-10191-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}