Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Class-level drug safety surveillance in hospital practice: A pharmacovigilance analysis of 84 therapeutic subclasses from a South Asian tertiary care center","authors":"Abdullah Umer ,&nbsp;Adam Khan Mohmand ,&nbsp;Naimal Mouzam Khan ,&nbsp;Ainan Arshad ,&nbsp;Sher M. Sethi","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Post-marketing drug surveillance is critical for strengthening pharmacovigilance in low- and middle-income settings. This study provides the first class-level pharmacovigilance analysis from a South Asian tertiary hospital, generating safety signals across 84 drug subclasses and evaluating concordance between Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR) and Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of electronic health records (2018–2022), comprising 718,088 drug administration events. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were identified using ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM codes. Disproportionality analyses using PRR and ROR were applied to each subclass.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PRR identified positive signals in 5 subclasses, while ROR identified 7. The seven high-risk subclasses included antitubercular agents (PRR 3.24; ROR 4.14), anesthetic muscle relaxants (2.44; 2.84), aminoglycosides (2.24; 2.55), immunosuppressants (2.19; 2.47), neurologic sedatives (2.06; 2.29), antineoplastic cytotoxic agents (1.95; 2.15), and general anesthetic agents (1.88; 2.06). Concordance between PRR and ROR was high (96.4% agreement; κ ≈ 0.80; McNemar <em>p</em> = 0.48). Signal strength correlated inversely with overall drug exposure (ρ = −0.34).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This analysis establishes baseline class-level risk estimates in a developing pharmacovigilance environment, identifies disproportionately high-risk drug classes, and supports the robustness of PRR and ROR as complementary screening tools for regional drug safety monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to Adherence to oral anticancer medications in metastatic versus nonmetastatic breast cancer patients: Insights from a low-middle-income country, Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, Volume 20, December 2025, 100682","authors":"Abdel-Hameed I.M. Ebid ,&nbsp;Rana Elshewy ,&nbsp;Mahmoud I. Mostafa ,&nbsp;Reem Eid ,&nbsp;Emad Shash ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Mobarez","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100708","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147367475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic differences in knowledge, perceptions, and intentions regarding stimulant misuse: A theory-informed national cross-sectional survey","authors":"Melissa Sanders ,&nbsp;Kathlyn Smith ,&nbsp;Madison Holland ,&nbsp;Erin Blythe ,&nbsp;Daisy Doan ,&nbsp;Hannah Higgins ,&nbsp;Josephine Ariella Lovings ,&nbsp;Anne Taylor ,&nbsp;Nicholas McCormick ,&nbsp;Brandy Davis ,&nbsp;Lindsey Hohmann","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stimulant misuse is a rising concern in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to better understand the U.S. general public's knowledge, perceptions, and intentions regarding stimulant misuse, and to assess sociodemographic differences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Americans age ≥ 18 were recruited for a cross-sectional, anonymous online survey using Amazon Mechanical Turk. Outcomes, guided by the Health Belief Model, included: knowledge; perceived susceptibility, severity, and benefits surrounding prescription and non-prescription stimulant use/misuse; perceived barriers to medical stimulant use and seeking help for stimulant misuse; and non-medical stimulant use intentions. Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> tests assessed differences across age (young adults/adults [≤44] versus middle-aged/older adults [&gt;44]), sex, race, and urbanicity. Linear regression assessed predictors of intentions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Respondents (<em>N</em> = 303) were 48.2 % female, 80.2 % White, mean 43.65 years, and 84.2 % urban-residing. Stimulant knowledge was higher among females (<em>p</em> = 0.017) and White individuals (<em>p</em> = 0.043). Perceived severity of stimulant misuse was higher among &gt;44-year-olds (<em>p</em> = 0.006), females (<em>p</em> = 0.007), and rural residents (<em>p</em> = 0.009), with rural residents perceiving greater susceptibility overall (<em>p</em> = 0.022). Barriers to seeking help for stimulant misuse were higher among ≤44-year-olds (<em>p</em> = 0.025), while non-medical stimulant use intentions were higher among &gt;44-year-olds (<em>p</em> = 0.002), males (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and urban residents (<em>p</em> = 0.031). Perceived severity of prescription (β = −0.268; p &lt; 0.001) and non-prescription misuse (β = −0.191; <em>p</em> = 0.001), non-prescription stimulant benefits (β = 0.239; p &lt; 0.001), barriers to seeking help (β = 0.078; <em>p</em> = 0.026), and age (β = −0.006; <em>p</em> = 0.028) predicted non-medical stimulant use intentions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Knowledge, perceptions, and non-medical stimulant use intentions differed across age, sex, race, and urbanicity. Future studies should explore strategies to overcome these disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring work engagement and its associated factors among supervising pharmacists in Japan","authors":"Yukari Ito ,&nbsp;Hiroko Suzuki ,&nbsp;Tetsuro Yumoto ,&nbsp;Sachiko Ohta ,&nbsp;Tomoo Hosoe","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigated the work engagement of supervising pharmacists and sought to identify factors associated with high work engagement.</div><div>Given the growing shortage of healthcare professionals in rapidly aging societies, enhancing work engagement among pharmacists is critical to improve productivity, prevent turnover, and ensure the quality of community healthcare. Supervising pharmacists weretargeted due to their pivotal role as gatekeepers between organizational leadership and frontline staff in community pharmacies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among supervising pharmacists from major community pharmacy chainsbetween August 2023 and September 2024. Participants completed a web-based questionnaire assessing demographic data, occupational stress, and work engagement. The associations between work engagement and related factors were evaluated using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses with high work engagement defined as the top quartile of UWES-17.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 973 participantswere analyzed. The median UWES-17 score was 2.82. Among the three dimensions, “dedication” scored the highest. The primary factors associated with high work engagement includedperceived “meaningfulness of work”, “job control”, “suitable jobs”, “age group (≥50 years)”, “coworker support”.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study suggests that the distinct roles and workplace environments of supervising pharmacists are closely linked to their work engagement. Balancing job resources and demands is critical for sustaining engagement to maintain high-quality patient care. Interventions that strengthen self-awareness, peer collaboration, and career development within “Communities of Practice” could reinforce these gains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100691"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacists' recognition, support strategies, and perceived challenges in caring for patients with limited medication literacy in Saudi Arabia: A quasi-experimental study","authors":"Faten Alhomoud","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Medication literacy is critical for safe and effective medication use; however, evidence indicates that many individuals in Saudi Arabia struggle to understand medication-related information. Pharmacists are well positioned to identify literacy needs and provide appropriate counselling, yet limited data exist on their current practices and the effect of targeted training. This study aimed to assess pharmacists' understanding of medication literacy, their approaches to supporting patients with limited literacy, and the impact of a brief educational intervention on self-reported practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A pre–post quasi-experimental design was employed. Pharmacists across Saudi Arabia were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire assessing their understanding of medication literacy, assessment methods, counselling strategies, and perceived barriers. A 10-min educational video was then delivered, followed by a post-intervention questionnaire one month later. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 318 pharmacists completed the pre-intervention questionnaire, and 68 completed the follow-up. At baseline, 95.6% reported understanding medication literacy, but only 21.4% used standardized assessment tools. Common strategies included using simple language and prioritizing essential information (84.3%), teach-back methods (70.4%), and providing easy-to-read materials (58.8%). Post-intervention, 98.5% reported understanding medication literacy, and 82.4% reported assessing patients' literacy needs. Most participants indicated improved assessment (97.1%) and more tailored counselling practices (92.6%), and 92.6% found the module helpful. Major barriers included time constraints (82.1%), lack of incentives (24.8%), heavy workload (23%), and insufficient training. However, the substantial decline in participant numbers between the pre- and post-intervention samples may limit internal validity and the generalizability of post-intervention findings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Brief targeted training may support improvements in pharmacists' literacy-sensitive practices. Broader implementation of standardized assessment tools, enhanced professional education, and system-level support are needed to strengthen medication safety and patient understanding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146204074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosage adjustments in renal impairment among medical ward patients: ChatGPT® and DeepSeek® models' effectiveness in assessing those adjustments","authors":"Rahi Bikram Thapa ,&nbsp;Ravindra Khadka ,&nbsp;Prasanna Dahal ,&nbsp;Subash Karki ,&nbsp;Sabin Shrestha","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Due to altered drug clearance, renal impairment necessitates drug dose adjustments to prevent toxicity or therapeutic failure, yet inappropriate dosing persists. The utility of AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT®, DeepSeek®) in supporting renal dose adjustments remains understudied.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Evaluate renal dose adjustment practices in hospitalized patients and compare AI models (ChatGPT®, DeepSeek®) against UpToDate® guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A prospective observational study (January–April 2024) included hospitalized patients with creatinine clearance &lt;60 mL/min in a general medicine ward. Medication regimens were assessed against UpToDate® guidelines. Five AI models (ChatGPT® 3.5, ChatGPT® 4.0, ChatGPT® 5.0, DeepSeek®, DeepThink®) were tested using 348 tailored prompts; sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Renal impairment prevalence was 30.9 %. Of 1461 drug orders, 23.8 % (348) required adjustment, with 63.5 % (221/348) inappropriately dosed in 76.4 % (113/148) of patients. Errors included 134 (38.5 %) unadjusted, 75 (21.6 %) inappropriately adjusted, and 12 (3.4 %) contraindicated regimens. Piperacillin/tazobactam (66.7 %), levofloxacin (83.33 %), and ranitidine (89.1 %) were most frequently inappropriately dosed. Severe renal impairment (CrCl ≤30 mL/min) increased improper dosing risk (AOR: 3.34; <em>p</em> = 0.004). DeepThink® showed the highest sensitivity (81.6 %) but low specificity (29 %) and 67.5 % accuracy. With advances in the ChatGPT® model, there was a modest improvement in prediction capacity, with the latest ChatGPT® 5.0 achieving balanced performance (64.3 % sensitivity, 54.8 % specificity, 61.7 % accuracy).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Inappropriate renal dosing is prevalent among hospitalized patients with renal impairment. While AI models show promise as clinical decision support tools, their accuracy limitations require further optimization via evidence-based database training, prompt refinement, and integration of clinical expertise for reliable implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100698"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informal over-the-counter supply of antibiotics in Ghana: A qualitative analysis of practices in community pharmacies","authors":"Radolf Ansbert Nortey ,&nbsp;Irene Akwo Kretchy ,&nbsp;Mercy Naa Aduele Opare-Addo","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antibiotics are among the most widely prescribed medicines and fall within a well-defined framework for access and supply. Despite existing regulatory systems for antibiotic control, weak regulatory enforcement has led to non-prescription access from community drug retail outlets and widespread self-medication with antibiotics.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the factors associated with the over-the-counter supply of antibiotics within community pharmacies across Ghana.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The exploratory qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews. The study population consisted of pharmacy practitioners randomly recruited from the medicine retail outlets situated in rural, peri-urban, and urban communities in Ghana. The interview questions were organised within the framework of the theory of planned behaviour and investigated participants' attitudes, social norms, and perceived control over antibiotic use. The data was transcribed, coded, and thematically analysed using NVivo version 10.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-three pharmacy practitioners (i.e., pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and medicine counter assistants) participated in the study. Participants described how economic incentives, sales targets, and the perceived social status of customers often pressured them to supply antibiotics without prescriptions, especially in an environment where regulatory oversight was viewed as weak or absent. Many noted that customers felt increasingly entitled to request antibiotics, drawing confidence from online health information and limited public education. Although the participants knew about antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance, their awareness of existing national antimicrobial policies was limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The over-the-counter supply of antibiotics in Ghana is fuelled by various factors that differ slightly along the lines of community urbanisation and development. Policy makers must take full cognisance of these factors and adopt community-tailored strategies that target medicine retailers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100696"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating patient acceptability of clinical pharmacist engagement following clinical decision support","authors":"Ying-Jen Lin ,&nbsp;Morris Fabbri ,&nbsp;Michael P. Dorsch ,&nbsp;F. Jacob Seagull ,&nbsp;Geoffrey D. Barnes ,&nbsp;Shawna N. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While Direct Oral Anticoagulant (DOAC) medications like apixaban and rivaroxaban have overtaken warfarin as first-line therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) and venous thromboembolism (VTE), 10–20% of DOAC prescriptions deviate from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) evidence-based package label instructions. To improve prescribing, we implemented electronic health record (EHR) alerts that encourage collaboration between prescribers and anticoagulation clinic pharmacists.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates patients' acceptance and perceptions of outreach from anticoagulation pharmacists with whom they may not have preexisting relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We administered a 10-item structured questionnaire to 30 patients (or caregivers as proxies) who had received DOAC dosing recommendations directly from pharmacists following an EHR-based prescribing alert. The first 20 participants also answered open-ended interview questions. Mean scores were calculated for structured acceptability questions on a 5-point Likert scale. Interview transcripts were analyzed to identify facilitators and barriers to acceptance of pharmacist involvement in DOAC management. We also assessed alignment between quantitative and qualitative data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, patients found direct pharmacist outreach acceptable (mean acceptability score: 4.3, SD 0.15). Facilitators included pharmacists' expertise, clear communication, and friendly demeanor. Barriers included a perceived limit to pharmacists' prescribing authority and the timing of the advice. Pharmacists may mitigate these barriers by emphasizing that patients' doctors endorse the dosing recommendations and offering to answer additional questions at the end of calls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Anticoagulation pharmacists' direct outreach to patients can be valuable for DOAC management and is generally well-accepted. Addressing role confusion could further facilitate their direct patient contact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial burden of once daily extended-release tacrolimus and twice daily immediate-release tacrolimus for kidney transplant recipients","authors":"Chris Hayes ,&nbsp;Keren Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Rachel Chelewski ,&nbsp;Katie Cruchelow ,&nbsp;Autumn D. Zuckerman ,&nbsp;Bridget Lynch ,&nbsp;Ryan Moore ,&nbsp;Leena Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tacrolimus is available as generic twice-daily, immediate-release capsules (IR-Tac) or branded once-daily, extended-release tablets (LCPT). Prescribers may be hesitant to prescribe LCPT due to the price of the branded drug. This single-center, retrospective study evaluated if adult kidney transplant patients paid significantly more for IR-Tac or LCPT prescriptions where institutional assistance is available. Adult kidney transplant recipients filling prescriptions for IR-Tac or LCPT from January 1, 2021 through June 30, 2022 were included. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the amount of out-of-pocket costs covered by secondary insurance and by institutional assistance. Of 18,411 fills (<em>n</em> = 16,262 IR-Tac, <em>n</em> = 2149 LCPT), the average out-of-pocket cost was $2.90 more for IR-Tac (mean $8.10, standard deviation [SD] 26.2) than LCPT (mean $5.20, SD 33.0). Secondary insurance covered an average $42.10 per fill for IR-Tac and $152.96 for LCPT. Institutional assistance covered an average $32.74 per fill for IR-Tac and $198.53 for LCPT in patients without secondary insurance. Patients prescribed LCPT were significantly less likely to have higher out-of-pocket cost (odds ratio [OR] 0.16 [0.09, 0.3], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). No additional financial burden was placed on patients taking LCPT. However, patients with high copay or deductible primary insurance are at risk for high out-of-pocket costs for both IR-Tac and LCPT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel adherence scale for antidepressants in pregnancy: Results from a cross-sectional study","authors":"Milica Zugic ,&nbsp;Natasa Pejic ,&nbsp;Saeed Hayati ,&nbsp;Marleen M.H.J. van Gelder ,&nbsp;Hedvig Nordeng","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Adherence to antidepressant pharmacotherapy is essential for optimal treatment. Its assessment during pregnancy is challenging, as existing self-report scales are not tailored to pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to develop a self-report scale to assess antidepressant adherence in pregnancy and evaluate its psychometric properties.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study used an anonymous online questionnaire administered in Norway between February and March 2022. Participants were pregnant or up-to-12-month postpartum individuals who had used antidepressants during pregnancy. <em>The Medication Adherence Measurement in Pregnancy for Antidepressants</em> (MAMP-AD) scale was developed based on prior research, expert input, and piloting. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to explore its underlying structure. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's α. Construct validity was evaluated by examining associations between MAMP-AD scores and depressive and anxiety symptoms, and medication-related beliefs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ninety participants who used antidepressants during pregnancy completed the MAMP-AD scale. The final 15-item MAMP-AD scale had a score range of 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating higher adherence. EFA identified three distinct factors: 1) Minimizing exposure, 2) Barriers to antidepressant use, and 3) Benefits of antidepressant use. These explained 81.7% of the total variance in the MAMP-AD scale. The scale showed acceptable reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.80). Higher MAMP-AD scores were negatively associated with depression severity, supporting construct validity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The MAMP-AD is a newly developed, self-report scale for measuring antidepressant adherence in pregnancy, showing preliminary evidence of acceptable reliability and validity. Further research is needed to confirm the scale's psychometric properties and clinical utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146204018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}