Exploration (Beijing, China)最新文献

{"title":"Applications and Challenges of Auditory Brain-Computer Interfaces in Objective Auditory Assessments for Pediatric Cochlear Implants","authors":"Qi Zheng,&nbsp;Yubo Wu,&nbsp;Jianing Zhu,&nbsp;Kunyun Feng,&nbsp;Yanru Bai,&nbsp;Guoping Li,&nbsp;Guangjian Ni","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20240078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.20240078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cochlear implants (CI) are the premier intervention for individuals with severe to profound hearing impairment. Worldwide, an estimated 600,000 individuals have enhanced their hearing through cochlear implantation, with nearly half being children. The evaluations after implantation are crucial for appropriate clinical interventions and care. Current clinical practice lacks methods to assess the recovery of advanced auditory functions in cochlear-implanted children. Yet, recent advancements in electroencephalographic (EEG) techniques show promise in accurately evaluating auditory rehabilitation in this demographic. This review elucidates the evolution of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology for auditory assessment, focusing primarily on its application in pediatric cochlear implant recipients. Emphasis is placed on promising clinical biomarkers for auditory rehabilitation and the neural adaptability accompanying cortical adjustments after implantation. Additionally, we discuss emerging challenges and prospects in applying BCI technology to these children.</p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20240078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advancements in Ambient-Air Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Yihuai Huang,&nbsp;Wenguang Zhang,&nbsp;Yuchen Xiong,&nbsp;Zijun Yi,&nbsp;Changkai Huang,&nbsp;Qinghui Jiang,&nbsp;Abdul Basit,&nbsp;Guibin Shen,&nbsp;Yubo Luo,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Junyou Yang","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20240121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.20240121","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable attention due to their potential for high-efficiency conversion and cost-effective fabrication. Although the fabrication of perovskite films in ambient air offers environmental and cost advantages, the presence of water vapor and oxygen may induce instability in these films, thereby affecting device performance. This review aims to comprehensively explore recent advancements in the fabrication of PSCs in ambient air, while investigating various factors contributing to perovskite degradation. Addressing these challenges, diverse fabrication strategies are outlined, encompassing compositional, additive, solvent, and interface engineering to enhance the performance and stability of PSCs fabricated under ambient air. To facilitate the commercialization of PSCs, this paper summarizes several widely employed methods for the large-scale manufacturing of PSCs. Through this review, we aim to offer some invaluable insights and guidance for the commercialization trajectory of PSCs, as well as the pros and cons to their widespread applications in the field of renewable energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20240121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design Principles Of Inorganic-Protein Hybrid Materials for Biomedicine","authors":"Hao Liu,&nbsp;Xiaohui Liu,&nbsp;Hui Jiang,&nbsp;Xuemei Wang","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20240182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.20240182","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inorganic protein hybrid materials (IPHMs) due to editable structure present unrivalled potential at the intersection of synthetic biology and materials science. The synthesis of IPHMs with a high degree of biosafety from bioactive units represents a shift in material design and synthesis. This paper focuses on a review of the structural basis and design principles of proteins for the synthesis of IPHMs with specific physical and chemical functions. It also provides a valuable reference for the design of emerging IPHMs through the conformational relationship of the IPHMs, which extends the potential applications of IPHMs. In addition, the construction strategy of the reaction system for the synthesis of hybrid materials is analyzed from the perspective of synthetic biology. The possibility of engineering and batch synthesis of IPHMs is discussed. Based on the physicochemical properties of different hybrid materials and the applied-oriented research on biomedical optical imaging and multimodal therapy, the idea of synthesis of in situ hybrid materials is proposed. Ultimately, the trends and challenges of synthetic biology for IPHMs are speculated in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20240182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal Nitride Catalysts for Photoelectrochemical and Electrochemical Catalysis","authors":"Hee Ryeong Kwon,&nbsp;Jin Wook Yang,&nbsp;Ho Won Jang","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20240013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.20240013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metal nitrides have emerged as promising materials for photoelectrochemical and electrochemical catalysis due to their unique electronic properties and structural versatility, offering high electrical conductivity and abundant active sites for catalytic reactions. Herein, we comprehensively explore the characteristics, synthesis, and application of diverse metal nitride catalysts. Fundamental features and catalytic advantages of metal nitrides are presented in terms of electronic structure and surface chemistry. We deal with synthetic principles and parameters of metal nitride catalysts in terms of nitrogen source, introducing synthesis strategies of metal nitrides with various morphologies and phases. Recent progress of metal nitride catalysts in (photo)electrochemical reactions, such as hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, oxygen reduction, nitrogen reduction, carbon dioxide reduction, and biomass valorization reactions, is discussed with their tailored roles. By providing future direction for remaining challenges, this review aims to guide the design of metal nitride catalysts from a materials point of view, contributing to expanding into energy and environmental technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20240013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Engineering Tactics to Achieve the Stabilized Anode in Next-Generation Zn-Air Batteries","authors":"Subramani Surendran,&nbsp;Yoongu Lim,&nbsp;Seona Lee,&nbsp;Sebastian Cyril Jesudass,&nbsp;Gnanaprakasam Janani,&nbsp;Heechae Choi,&nbsp;Gibum Kwon,&nbsp;Kyoungsuk Jin,&nbsp;Uk Sim","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20240054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.20240054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The modern technical era demands sustainable and green energy production and storage methods that overcome the limitations of conventional fuel resources. Electrochemical energy storage (ECS) technologies are widely anticipated to store and release energy on repeated cycles for domestic and commercial utilization. Several ECS devices were developed over the years to achieve higher energy density and energy sustainability. Zn-air batteries are developed to deliver higher energy density and their lower maintenance, flexibility, and rechargeability made them the significant sustainable energy device. However, the Zn anodes face several issues due to dendrite formation during several discharge cycles, HER at higher negative potentials, and corrosion behavior. Therefore, Zn-anode design strategies and significant electrolyte modifications were adopted to limit the critical issues. The review promptly exhibits the significance of Zn-air battery and their construction strategies. The present review highlights the rational design strategies for the stabilization of the Zn anode, such as coating with a passive layer, heterostructure and alloy-composite formation, and the major electrolyte modifications, such as using organic electrolytes, additives in aqueous electrolytes, and solid-state polymer gel electrolytes. The review is expected to attract a wide range of readers, from beginners to industrialists, which serve as a guide for developing Zn-air batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20240054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front Cover: Direct synthesis of high quantum yield lead-free CsCu2I3 powder in water and its application in yellow LED (EXP2 1/2025)","authors":"Heng Guo,&nbsp;Linlin Shi,&nbsp;Zengliang Shi,&nbsp;Yue He,&nbsp;Yizhi Zhu","doi":"10.1002/EXP.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A phosphor-converted yellow light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs) device has been produced by coating a low-dimensional CsCu₂I₃ phosphor with high quantum yield and good stability on a 310 nm ultraviolet chip. The LED device with the as-synthesized phosphor emits a pure, bright yellow color at a current of 20 mA. It shows promising exciting potential applications in photoluminescence and phototherapy fields.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structurally and Functionally Adaptive Biomimetic Periosteum: Materials, Fabrication, and Construction Strategies","authors":"Yuhan Du,&nbsp;Yujie Liu,&nbsp;Yuanchi Zhang,&nbsp;Yangyi Nie,&nbsp;Zili Xu,&nbsp;Ling Qin,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Yuxiao Lai","doi":"10.1002/EXP.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The periosteum is crucial in the processes of bone formation, regeneration, and remodelling. Specifically, periosteal progenitor cells contribute a major force to the initiation of bone healing. Biomimetic periosteum (BP), employed for treating bone defects, exhibits superior outcomes in terms of bone integrity, proper vascularization, and minimal heterotopic ossification when compared to conventional direct graft bone void fillers. Therefore, BP has emerged as a contemporary and effective approach for addressing bone defects. As an in vivo graft, BP necessitates excellent biocompatibility and appropriate mechanical properties. Furthermore, it should closely mirror the architecture and functionality of the natural periosteum. This review provides a detailed summary of recent research progress on BP, incorporating inspiring studies that contribute to the future development of this field. Initially, the review examines the structure and function of the periosteum in the context of bone defect repair. Subsequently, it analyzes the current research and design concept for BP construction and provides a comprehensive overview of the materials and techniques employed in constructing BP. Finally, it summarizes the construction strategies of BP used for treating bone defects from various perspectives including structural and functional biomimicry, and discusses the latest advances in current research.</p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Back Cover: Jellyfish stings-induced cardiac failure was ameliorated through AAG-mediated glycogen-driven ATP production (EXP2 1/2025)","authors":"Zhen Qin,&nbsp;Jinhong Chen,&nbsp;Fang Liu,&nbsp;Bingbing Li,&nbsp;Chenchen Zhang,&nbsp;Xiuxiu Wang,&nbsp;Lin Liu,&nbsp;Mingke Wang,&nbsp;Tingfang Wang,&nbsp;Su Wang,&nbsp;Feifei Yu,&nbsp;Shifeng Wang,&nbsp;Jishun Yang","doi":"10.1002/EXP.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Jellyfish stings have become a common injury among fishermen and divers. Severe jellyfish stings could worsen cardiac function and even cause cardiac complications, ultimately leading to cardiac failure (CF). Jellyfish stings-induced CF was ameliorated through AAG-mediated glycogen-driven ATP production, promoting glycolytic/mitochondrial metabolic switches to rely energetically primarily on glycolysis, which might serve as a therapeutic target of CF.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology Engineering of SnS2 Nanostructures to Stimulate PICT Resonance for Ultra-Sensitive SERS Sensors","authors":"Yusi Peng,&nbsp;Weida Zhang,&nbsp;Meimei Xu,&nbsp;Shuai Zhao,&nbsp;Lili Yang,&nbsp;Dan Li,&nbsp;Masaki Tanemura,&nbsp;Zhengren Huang,&nbsp;Yong Yang","doi":"10.1002/EXP.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent advances indicate the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensitivity of semiconductors is generally lower than that of noble metal substrates, and developing ultra-sensitive semiconductor SERS substrates is an urgent task. Here, SnS₂ with better SERS performance is screened out from sulfides and selenides by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Through adjusting the concentration of reactants to control the growth driving force without any surfactants or templates, SnS₂ nanostrctures of stacked nanosheets (SNSs), microspheres (MSs) and microflowers (MFs) are developed, which all exhibit ultra-low limit of detections (LODs) of 10⁻¹², 10⁻¹³, and 10⁻¹¹ M, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the SERS sensitivity of these three kinds of SnS₂ nanostrctures are superior to most of the reported pure semiconductors and even can be parallel to the noble metals with a “hot spot” effect. This extraordinary SERS enhancement of SnS₂ nanostrctures is originated from the dominated contribution of photo-induced charge transfer (PICT) resonance with different wavelength excitation lasers. Benefitting to the excellent SERS enhanced uniformity, generality, stability, ultra-high sensitivity of SnS₂ nanostrctures, and the advantages that the PICT resonance enhancement excited for different probe molecules is not limited by its morphology, it is expected to provide a class of potential commercial SERS-active materials for the practical application of semiconductor-based SERS technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The RNA Binding Protein Bcas2 is Required for Antibody Class Switch in Activated-B Cells","authors":"Yu Chen,&nbsp;Siyuan Sun,&nbsp;Chenxu Lu,&nbsp;Yixuan Li,&nbsp;Bing Fang,&nbsp;Xiangfeng Tang,&nbsp;Xuepeng Li,&nbsp;Weiru Yu,&nbsp;Yumei Lei,&nbsp;Longjie Sun,&nbsp;Ming Zhang,&nbsp;Jiazeng Sun,&nbsp;Ping Liu,&nbsp;Yongting Luo,&nbsp;Xingwang Zhao,&nbsp;Jing Zhan,&nbsp;Libing Liu,&nbsp;Rong Liu,&nbsp;Jiaqiang Huang,&nbsp;Ziwei Yi,&nbsp;Yifei Yu,&nbsp;Weihan Xiao,&nbsp;Zheng Ding,&nbsp;Lei Li,&nbsp;Dan Su,&nbsp;Fazheng Ren,&nbsp;Changchang Cao,&nbsp;Ran Wang,&nbsp;Wenbiao Shi,&nbsp;Juan Chen","doi":"10.1002/EXP.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/EXP.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In children, hyper-IgM syndrome type 1 (HIGM1) is a type of severe antibody disorder, the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. The antibody diversity is partially determined by the alternative splicing (AS) in the germline, which is mainly regulated by RNA-binding proteins, including Breast cancer amplified sequence 2 (Bcas2). However, the effect of Bcas2 on AS and antibody production in activated B cells, the main immune cell type in the germline, remains unknown. To fill this gap, we created a conditional knockout (cKO, B cell-specific AID-Cre <i>Bcas2</i>^fl/fl) mouse model and performed integrated mechanistic analysis on alternative splicing (AS) and CSR in B cells through the RNA-sequencing approach, cross-linking immunoprecipitation and sequencing (CLIP-seq) analysis, and interactome proteomics. The results demonstrate that <i>Bcas2-</i>cKO significantly decreased CSR in activated B cells without inhibiting the B cell development. Mechanistically, Bcas2 interacts with SRSF7 at a conservative circular domain, forming a complex to regulate the AS of genes involved in the post-switch transcription, thereby causing broad-spectrum changes in antibody production. Importantly, we identified GAAGAA as the binding motif of Bcas2 to RNAs and revealed its essential role in the regulation of Bcas2-dependent AS and CSR. In addition, we detected a mutation of at the 3’UTR of <i>Bcas2</i> gene in children with HIGM1 and observed similar patterns of AS events and CSR in the patient that were discovered in the <i>Bcas2-</i>cKO B cells. Combined, our study elucidates the mechanism by which Bcas2-mediated AS affects CSR, offering potential insights into the clinical implications of Bcas2 in HIGM1.</p>","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}