Exploration (Beijing, China)最新文献_第4页

Metal-based smart nanosystems in cancer immunotherapy 癌症免疫疗法中的金属基智能纳米系统

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230134

Ying Luo, Xiaojing He, Qianying Du, Lian Xu, Jie Xu, Junrui Wang, Wenli Zhang, Yixin Zhong, Dajing Guo, Yun Liu, Xiaoyuan Chen

{"title":"Metal-based smart nanosystems in cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Ying Luo, Xiaojing He, Qianying Du, Lian Xu, Jie Xu, Junrui Wang, Wenli Zhang, Yixin Zhong, Dajing Guo, Yun Liu, Xiaoyuan Chen","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230134","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230134","url":null,"abstract":"Metals are an emerging topic in cancer immunotherapy that have shown great potential in modulating cancer immunity cycle and promoting antitumor immunity by activating the intrinsic immunostimulatory mechanisms which have been identified in recent years. The main challenge of metal-assisted immunotherapy lies in the fact that the free metals as ion forms are easily cleared during circulation, and even cause systemic metal toxicity due to the off-target effects. With the rapid development of nanomedicine, metal-based smart nanosystems (MSNs) with unique controllable structure become one of the most promising delivery carriers to solve the issue, owing to their various endogenous/external stimuli-responsiveness to release free metal ions for metalloimmunotherapy. In this review, the state-of-the-art research progress in metal-related immunotherapy is comprehensively summarized. First, the mainstream mechanisms of MSNs-assisted immunotherapy will be delineated. The immunological effects of certain metals and categorization of MSNs with different characters and compositions are then provided, followed by the representative exemplar applications of MSNs in cancer treatment, and synergistic combination immunotherapy. Finally, we conclude this review with a summary of the remaining challenges associated with MSNs and provide the authors' perspective on their further advances.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140211392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innovative utilization of cell membrane-coated nanoparticles in precision cancer therapy 细胞膜包覆纳米粒子在癌症精准治疗中的创新应用

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230164

Yiling He, Shuquan Zhang, Yaoguang She, Zhaoshan Liu, Yalan Zhu, Qinzhen Cheng, Xiaoyuan Ji

{"title":"Innovative utilization of cell membrane-coated nanoparticles in precision cancer therapy","authors":"Yiling He, Shuquan Zhang, Yaoguang She, Zhaoshan Liu, Yalan Zhu, Qinzhen Cheng, Xiaoyuan Ji","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230164","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230164","url":null,"abstract":"Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMNPs) have recently emerged as a promising platform for cancer therapy. By encapsulating therapeutic agents within a cell membrane-derived coating, these nanoparticles combine the advantages of synthetic nanoparticles and natural cell membranes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in utilizing CMNPs as effective drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapy. The synthesis and fabrication methods of CMNPs are comprehensively discussed. Various techniques, such as extrusion, sonication, and self-assembly, are employed to coat synthetic nanoparticles with cell membranes derived from different cell types. The cell membrane coating enables biocompatibility, reducing the risk of an immune response and enhancing the stability of the nanoparticles in the bloodstream. Moreover, functionalization strategies for CMNPs, primarily chemical modification, genetic engineering, and external stimuli, are highlighted. The presence of specific cell surface markers on the coated membrane allows targeted drug delivery to cancer cells and maximizes therapeutic efficacy. Preclinical studies utilizing CMNPs for cancer therapy demonstrated the successful delivery of various therapeutic agents, such as chemotherapeutic drugs, nucleic acids, and immunotherapeutic agents, using CMNPs. Furthermore, the article explores the future directions and challenges of this technology while offering insights into its clinical potential.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140221681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decoding the regulatory role of ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1) in Wallerian degeneration and peripheral nerve regeneration 解码 ATP 合成酶抑制因子 1 (ATPIF1) 在沃勒里变性和周围神经再生中的调控作用

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230098

Yun Qian, Zhiwen Yan, Tianbao Ye, Victor Shahin, Jia Jiang, Cunyi Fan

{"title":"Decoding the regulatory role of ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1) in Wallerian degeneration and peripheral nerve regeneration","authors":"Yun Qian, Zhiwen Yan, Tianbao Ye, Victor Shahin, Jia Jiang, Cunyi Fan","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230098","url":null,"abstract":"ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1), a key modulator of ATP synthase complex activity, has been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. While its role is established in conditions such as hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion injury, apoptosis, and cancer, its involvement remains elusive in peripheral nerve regeneration. Leveraging ATPIF1 knockout transgenic mice, this study reveals that the absence of ATPIF1 impedes neural structural reconstruction, leading to delayed sensory and functional recovery. RNA-sequencing unveils a significant attenuation in immune responses following peripheral nerve injury, which attributes to the CCR2/CCL2 signaling axis and results in decreased macrophage infiltration and activation. Importantly, macrophages, not Schwann cells, are identified as key contributors to the delayed Wallerian degeneration in ATPIF1 knockout mice, and affect the overall outcome of peripheral nerve regeneration. These results shed light on the translational potential of ATPIF1 for improving peripheral nerve regeneration.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deformable nanocarriers for enhanced drug delivery and cancer therapy 用于增强药物输送和癌症治疗的可变形纳米载体

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230037

Ziyang Cao, Jing Liu, Xianzhu Yang

{"title":"Deformable nanocarriers for enhanced drug delivery and cancer therapy","authors":"Ziyang Cao, Jing Liu, Xianzhu Yang","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230037","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230037","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the field of nanomedicine has witnessed substantial advancements in the development of nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery, emerges as promising platforms to enhance therapeutic efficacy and minimize adverse effects associated with conventional chemotherapy. Notably, deformable nanocarriers have garnered considerable attention due to their unique capabilities of size changeable, tumor-specific aggregation, stimuli-triggered disintegration, and morphological transformations. These deformable nanocarriers present significant opportunities for revolutionizing drug delivery strategies, by responding to specific stimuli or environmental cues, enabling achieved various functions at the tumor site, including size-shrinkage nanocarriers enhance drug penetration, aggregative nanocarriers enhance retention effect, disintegrating nanocarriers enable controlled drug release, and shape-changing nanocarriers improve cellular uptake, allowing for personalized treatment approaches and combination therapies. This review provides an overview of recent developments and applications of deformable nanocarriers for enhancing tumor therapy, underscores the diverse design strategies employed to create deformable nanocarriers and elucidates their remarkable potential in targeted tumor therapy.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conducting polymer hydrogels based on supramolecular strategies for wearable sensors 基于超分子策略的导电聚合物水凝胶用于可穿戴传感器

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20220167

Zhiyuan Sun, Qingdong Ou, Chao Dong, Jinsheng Zhou, Huiyuan Hu, Chong Li, Zhandong Huang

{"title":"Conducting polymer hydrogels based on supramolecular strategies for wearable sensors","authors":"Zhiyuan Sun, Qingdong Ou, Chao Dong, Jinsheng Zhou, Huiyuan Hu, Chong Li, Zhandong Huang","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20220167","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20220167","url":null,"abstract":"Conductive polymer hydrogels (CPHs) are gaining considerable attention in developing wearable electronics due to their unique combination of high conductivity and softness. However, in the absence of interactions, the incompatibility between hydrophobic conductive polymers (CPs) and hydrophilic polymer networks gives rise to inadequate bonding between CPs and hydrogel matrices, thereby significantly impairing the mechanical and electrical properties of CPHs and constraining their utility in wearable electronic sensors. Therefore, to endow CPHs with good performance, it is necessary to ensure a stable and robust combination between the hydrogel network and CPs. Encouragingly, recent research has demonstrated that incorporating supramolecular interactions into CPHs enhances the polymer network interaction, improving overall CPH performance. However, a comprehensive review focusing on supramolecular CPH (SCPH) for wearable sensing applications is currently lacking. This review provides a summary of the typical supramolecular strategies employed in the development of high-performance CPHs and elucidates the properties of SCPHs that are closely associated with wearable sensors. Moreover, the review discusses the fabrication methods and classification of SCPH sensors, while also exploring the latest application scenarios for SCPH wearable sensors. Finally, it discusses the challenges of SCPH sensors and offers suggestions for future advancements.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20220167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140243977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural interfaces: Bridging the brain to the world beyond healthcare 神经接口：连接大脑与医疗之外的世界

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230146

Shumao Xu, Yang Liu, Hyunjin Lee, Weidong Li

{"title":"Neural interfaces: Bridging the brain to the world beyond healthcare","authors":"Shumao Xu, Yang Liu, Hyunjin Lee, Weidong Li","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230146","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230146","url":null,"abstract":"Neural interfaces, emerging at the intersection of neurotechnology and urban planning, promise to transform how we interact with our surroundings and communicate. By recording and decoding neural signals, these interfaces facilitate direct connections between the brain and external devices, enabling seamless information exchange and shared experiences. Nevertheless, their development is challenged by complexities in materials science, electrochemistry, and algorithmic design. Electrophysiological crosstalk and the mismatch between electrode rigidity and tissue flexibility further complicate signal fidelity and biocompatibility. Recent closed-loop brain-computer interfaces, while promising for mood regulation and cognitive enhancement, are limited by decoding accuracy and the adaptability of user interfaces. This perspective outlines these challenges and discusses the progress in neural interfaces, contrasting non-invasive and invasive approaches, and explores the dynamics between stimulation and direct interfacing. Emphasis is placed on applications beyond healthcare, highlighting the need for implantable interfaces with high-resolution recording and stimulation capabilities.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140243627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Motorizing the buckled blister for rotary actuation 将扣压式泡罩电动化，以实现旋转驱动

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230055

Pengfei Yang, Ruixing Huang, Fei Dang, Baoxiang Shan, Dewen Wang, Hong Liu, Yi Li, Xiangbiao Liao

{"title":"Motorizing the buckled blister for rotary actuation","authors":"Pengfei Yang, Ruixing Huang, Fei Dang, Baoxiang Shan, Dewen Wang, Hong Liu, Yi Li, Xiangbiao Liao","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230055","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230055","url":null,"abstract":"Snap-through bistability was widely exploited for rapid hopping in micro-electro-mechanical systems and soft robots. However, considerable energy input was required to trigger the transition between discrete buckling states blocked by potential wells. Here a dynamic buckling mechanism of a buckled blister constrained inside an outer ring is explored for eliciting rotary actuation via a localized change of curvature in the blister. Due to rotational invariance of the buckled blister, lower energy supply is required to initiate the snap-through of buckling compared to conventional bistable mechanism. The controllability in rotational speed and output torque of the bimetallic blister-based rotator inside a rigid stator is exhibited, and the locomotion is demonstrated with two elastic rings via localized pneumatic actuators. With broad choices of stimulus and material for rings, the findings illustrate the promising potential of two nested rings to create active motions for diverse applications including gearless motors, peristaltic pumps, and locomotive robots.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140242858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of biological loads in sewage using the automated robot-driven photoelectrochemical biosensing platform 利用自动机器人驱动的光电化学生物传感平台检测污水中的生物负荷

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230128

Yiming Zhang, Zhi Chen, Songrui Wei, Yujun Zhang, Hai Fu, Han Zhang, Defa Li, Zhongjian Xie

{"title":"Detection of biological loads in sewage using the automated robot-driven photoelectrochemical biosensing platform","authors":"Yiming Zhang, Zhi Chen, Songrui Wei, Yujun Zhang, Hai Fu, Han Zhang, Defa Li, Zhongjian Xie","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230128","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230128","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains the most prevalent molecular detection technology for sewage analysis but is plagued with numerous disadvantages, such as time consumption, high manpower requirements, and susceptibility to false negatives. In this study, an automated robot-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing platform is constructed, that utilizes the CRISPR/Cas12a system to achieve fast, ultrasensitive, high specificity detection of biological loads in sewage. The Shennong-1 robot integrates several functional modules, involving sewage sampling and pretreatment to streamline the sewage monitoring. A screen-printed electrode is employed with a vertical graphene-based working electrode and enhanced with surface-deposited Au nanoparticles (NPs). CdTe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) are further fabricated through the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) anchored on Au NPs. Using the cDNA template of Omicron BA.5 spike gene as a model, the PEC biosensor demonstrates excellent analytical performance, with a lower detection limit of 2.93 × 102 zm and an outstanding selectivity at the level of single-base mutation recognition. Furthermore, the rapid, accurate detection of BA.5 in sewage demonstrates the feasibility of the PEC platform for sewage monitoring. In conclusion, this platform allows early detection and tracking of infectious disease outbreaks, providing timely data support for public health institutions to take appropriate prevention and control measures.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140243059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the promise: Exosomes as game-changers in anti-infective therapy 揭开希望的面纱：外泌体改变抗感染疗法的游戏规则

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230139

Vivek P. Chavda, Guanghong Luo, Rajashri Bezbaruah, Tutumoni Kalita, Anupam Sarma, Gitima Deka, Yanhong Duo, Bhrigu Kumar Das, Yesha Shah, Humzah Postwala

{"title":"Unveiling the promise: Exosomes as game-changers in anti-infective therapy","authors":"Vivek P. Chavda, Guanghong Luo, Rajashri Bezbaruah, Tutumoni Kalita, Anupam Sarma, Gitima Deka, Yanhong Duo, Bhrigu Kumar Das, Yesha Shah, Humzah Postwala","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230139","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230139","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-based intercellular communication (through exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies) is conserved across all kingdoms of life. In recent years, exosomes have gained much attention for targeted pharmaceutical administration due to their unique features, nanoscale size, and capacity to significantly contribute to cellular communication. As drug delivery vehicles, exosomes have several advantages over alternative nanoparticulate drug delivery technologies. A key advantage lies in their comparable makeup to the body's cells, which makes them non-immunogenic. However, exosomes vesicles face several challenges, including a lack of an effective and standard production technique, decreased drug loading capacity, limited characterization techniques, and underdeveloped isolation and purification procedures. Exosomes are well known for their long-term safety and natural ability to transport intercellular nucleic acids and medicinal compounds across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Therefore, in addition to revealing new insights into exosomes’ distinctiveness, the growing availability of new analytical tools may drive the development of next-generation synthetic systems. Herein, light is shed on exosomes as drug delivery vehicles in anti-infective therapy by reviewing the literature on primary articles published between 2002 and 2023. Additionally, the benefits and limitations of employing exosomes as vehicles for therapeutic drug delivery are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140251096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calcium-dependent antimicrobials: Nature-inspired materials and designs 钙依赖性抗菌剂：受大自然启发的材料和设计

Exploration (Beijing, China) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230099

Zhong Wang, Yongjie Zeng, Zubair Ahmed, Hui Qin, Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti, Huiliang Cao

{"title":"Calcium-dependent antimicrobials: Nature-inspired materials and designs","authors":"Zhong Wang, Yongjie Zeng, Zubair Ahmed, Hui Qin, Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti, Huiliang Cao","doi":"10.1002/EXP.20230099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/EXP.20230099","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial infection remains a major complication answering for the failures of various implantable medical devices. Tremendous extraordinary advances have been published in the design and synthesis of antimicrobial materials addressing this issue; however, the clinical translation has largely been blocked due to the challenge of balancing the efficacy and safety of these materials. Here, calcium's biochemical features, natural roles in pathogens and the immune systems, and advanced uses in infection medications are illuminated, showing calcium is a promising target for developing implantable devices with less infection tendency. The paper gives a historical overview of biomedical uses of calcium and summarizes calcium's merits in coordination, hydration, ionization, and stereochemistry for acting as a structural former or trigger in biological systems. It focuses on the involvement of calcium in pathogens’ integrity, motility, and metabolism maintenance, outlining the potential antimicrobial targets for calcium. It addresses calcium's uses in the immune systems that the authors can learn from for antimicrobial synthesis. Additionally, the advances in calcium's uses in infection medications are highlighted to sketch the future directions for developing implantable antimicrobial materials. In conclusion, calcium is at the nexus of antimicrobial defense, and future works on taking advantage of calcium in antimicrobial developments are promising in clinical translation.","PeriodicalId":72997,"journal":{"name":"Exploration (Beijing, China)","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/EXP.20230099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0