Current research in physiology最新文献

{"title":"Exploration of neural mechanisms underlying antidepressant-like property of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. essential oil using mouse forced swimming test: Involvement of the monoaminergic systems","authors":"Saeedeh Ghaffarzadeh Shirabad,&nbsp;Samad Alimohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><em>Ziziphora clinopodioides</em> has been valued in Iranian traditional medicine for various medicinal applications. This novel study was conducted to assess the antidepressant-like effect of the essential oil of <em>Ziziphora clinopodioides</em> (EOZC) and to identify the possible mechanisms contributing to this action through forced swimming test (FST).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The chemical profile of EOZC obtained by GC-MS. The mice received EOZC (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) 1 h before the FST intraperitoneally. Moreover, naloxone (non-selective antagonist for opioid receptor subtypes, 1 mg/kg), prazosin (α_1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), yohimbine (α_2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), propranolol (β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, 2 mg/kg), WAY100635 (selective 5-HT_1A receptor antagonist, 0.1 mg/kg), ondansetron (5-HT₃ receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg), haloperidol (non-selective dopamine receptor blocker, 0.2 mg/kg), SCH23390 (selective dopamine D₁ receptor blocker, 0.05 mg/kg), sulpiride (selective dopamine D₂ receptor blocker, 50 mg/kg) and flumazenil (GABA_A/BDZ receptor antagonist, 10 mg/kg) were used to ascertain the neural pathways implicated in the antidepressant-like response of EOZC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The GC-MS evaluation demonstrated that predominant components of EOZC comprised carvacrol (65.22 %), thymol (19.51 %), p-cymene (4.86 %), γ-terpinene (4.63 %) and E-Caryophyllene (1.07 %). EOZC exhibited a significant dose-dependent effect that resulted in a marked decrease in the duration of immobility time (P &lt; 0.05). The antidepressant-like action of EOZC was reversed by prazosin, yohimbine, WAY100635, ondansetron, haloperidol, SCH23390 and sulpiride. However, this effect remained unaffected by naloxone, propranolol and flumazenil.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings indicate that EOZC elicits antidepressant-like response, which relies on its interaction with noradrenergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum electrolytes and blood urea nitrogen changes in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing contemporary haemodialysis: A multi-center cross-sectional study","authors":"Wastina Bitewlign ,&nbsp;Mohammed Jemal ,&nbsp;Enyew Fenta Mengistu ,&nbsp;Hiwot Tezera Endale ,&nbsp;Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie ,&nbsp;Kibur Hunie Tesfa","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Correction of electrolyte imbalance and adequate haemodialysis (HD) minimizes disease complications and hospitalization. Despite the problem, there is a paucity of data regarding the assessment of serum electrolytes and blood urea nitrogen changes (BUN) in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing contemporary HD in Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study was to assess serum electrolytes and BUN changes in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease undergoing contemporary HD in Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to August 10, 2021. The levels of serum electrolytes and BUN before and immediately after HD were measured using an ion-selective electrode and a spectrophotometry analyzer, respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics were performed for descriptive variables, and continuous variables were compared as the mean ± SD using a paired <em>t</em>-test. Pearson's correlation coefficient with a 95 % confidence level was used to measure the strength of the association. P-values &lt; 0.05 were declared statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean ± SD age of the participants was 44.19 ± 15.25 years. The mean ± SD duration of HD was 1.71 ± 1.65 years, and 52 (72.2 %) patients received dialysis twice per week. Compared with immediate postdialysis concentration, a statistically significant decrease was noted for potassium (1.74 ± 1.11 mmol/L, <em>p &lt; 0.001</em>), magnesium (0.42 ± 0.35 mmol/L, <em>p &lt; 0.001</em>), phosphorus (0.62 ± 0.49 mmol/L, <em>p &lt; 0.001</em>), and BUN (31.9 ± 10.4 mmol/L, <em>p &lt; 0.001</em>). This study showed that 43 (59.7 %) end-stage renal disease patients received adequate HD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study found a significant decrease in serum potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and BUN following dialysis. The urea reduction ratio revealed a minimum adequate HD session among end-stage renal disease patients on maintenance haemodialysis (MHD).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145579138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-related differences in the acute physiological response to a high-intensity CrossFit® workout","authors":"Manoel Rios ,&nbsp;Ricardo Cardoso ,&nbsp;Victor Machado Reis ,&nbsp;Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves ,&nbsp;David B. Pyne ,&nbsp;Ricardo J. Fernandes","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CrossFit® is popular form of fitness training but the cardiorespiratory, hemodynamic and metabolic responses have not been well characterised. We compared responses to a short Fran CrossFit® session (consisting of three rounds of 21, 15 and 9 front squat to press overhead and pull-ups) between sexes to evaluate differences in acute exercise effects. Twenty-five (15 males and 10 females) trained participants performed a prescribed Fran session at maximal exertion. Cardiorespiratory variables were assessed at baseline, during and post-exercise. The rating of perceived exertion, blood pressure, blood lactate and glucose concentrations were measured at baseline and in the recovery period. The males completed Fran session in less time (males 177 ± 15 vs females 206 ± 27 s; mean ± SD), resulting in higher peak oxygen uptake values (50.1 ± 3.3 vs 46.4 ± 2.2 mL kg ⁻¹ min ⁻¹), heart rate (187 ± 6 vs 180 ± 3 b min⁻¹) and percentage heart rate (96 ± 3 vs 93 ± 1 %) compared to females. In addition, elevated systolic blood pressure (male 154 ± 8 vs females 149 ± 10 mmHg), double product (27,050 ± 1504 vs 25,999 ± 2253 mmHg b∙min ⁻¹), blood lactate (15.7 ± 1.7 vs 14.6 ± 2.0 mmol L⁻¹) and glucose (132 ± 15 vs 132 ± 14 mg dL⁻¹) values were observed in both sexes post-exercise. The substantial metabolic demands associated with a Fran session can yield similar elevations in cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic responses in both sexes, meeting the criteria for developing cardiorespiratory fitness. Complementarily, these results suggest that researchers and coaches can use the Fran session at maximal effort to assess and monitor crossfitters' training status throughout a CrossFit® season, guiding efforts towards excellence in this demanding sport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From acute tubular injury to tubular repair and chronic kidney diseases – KIM-1 as a promising biomarker for predicting renal tubular pathology","authors":"Ping L. Zhang ,&nbsp;Ming-Lin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) has emerged as a significant biomarker and mechanistic player in kidney pathology, particularly in acute kidney injury (AKI). Normally absent in healthy kidney proximal tubules, KIM-1 becomes upregulated specifically along the proximal tubule cells' surface in response to acute injury, reflecting the differential vulnerability of convoluted versus straight proximal tubules. Functionally, KIM-1 aids proximal tubules in clearing apoptotic cells and moderating inflammatory responses, thereby helping to prevent excessive immune activation during the early stages of injury. Clinically, KIM-1 is a sensitive, non-invasive biomarker for detecting proximal tubular injury, allowing for assessment in urine, plasma samples, and tissue biopsies in AKI. However, if tubular injury persists without repair, prolonged KIM-1 expression can drive chronic inflammatory responses and interstitial fibrosis, leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, KIM-1's role may extend further into promoting tubular dedifferentiation, potentially contributing to renal cell carcinoma under certain conditions. Over the past two decades, KIM-1 research has reshaped our understanding of kidney pathophysiology and immunology, spanning acute injury responses to chronic disease progression. This review aims to provide an updated synthesis of recent findings, highlighting KIM-1's role across the spectrum of renal injury and repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From molecular to physical function: The aging trajectory","authors":"Tom A.H. Janssen ,&nbsp;Caroline V. Lowisz ,&nbsp;Stuart Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging is accompanied by a decline in muscle mass, strength, and physical function, a condition known as sarcopenia. Muscle disuse attributed to decreased physical activity, hospitalization, or illness (e.g. sarcopenia) results in a rapid decline in muscle mass in aging individuals and effectively accelerates sarcopenia. Consuming protein at levels above (at least 50–100% higher) the current recommended intakes of ∼0.8 g protein/kg bodyweight/d, along with participating in both resistance and aerobic exercise, will aid in the preservation of muscle mass. Physiological muscle adaptations often accompany the observable changes in physical independence an older adult undergoes. Muscle fibre adaptations include a reduction in type 2 fibre size and number, a loss of motor units, reduced sensitivity to calcium, reduced elasticity, and weak cross-bridges. Mitochondrial function and structure are impaired in relation to aging and are worsened with inactivity and disease states but could be overcome by engaging in exercise. Intramuscular connective tissue adaptations with age are evident in animal models; however, the adaptations in collagenous tissue within human aging are less clear. We know that the satellite muscle cell pool decreases with age, and there is a reduced capacity for muscle repair/regeneration. Finally, a pro-inflammatory state associated with age has detrimental impacts on the muscle. The purpose of this review is to highlight the physiological adaptations driving muscle aging and their potential mitigation with exercise/physical activity and nutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling tonicity: Causes of confusion and pathways to clarity","authors":"Serena Y. Kuang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaonan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tonicity is the most confusing concept in teaching about osmosis in physiology, biology, and many clinical disciplines. A total of seven causes (four superficial and three deep) have led to this confusion but have never been thoroughly clarified. In this article, we systematically address and resolve these causes through logical reasoning, which not only thoroughly clarifies what tonicity is, but also leads to an understanding of its physical nature and properties. Several key concepts are introduced in order to resolve the causes of confusion and lay a new theoretical foundation for studying osmosis. This article not only advances the teaching and learning of tonicity and osmosis but also provides new insights into how osmosis across the cell membrane should be studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular adaptation in elite female and male rowers across a competitive season","authors":"Sarah R. Henley-Martin ,&nbsp;Carly J. Brade ,&nbsp;Hugh Riddell ,&nbsp;Sophie P. Watts ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Maiorana ,&nbsp;Louise H. Naylor ,&nbsp;Martyn J. Binnie ,&nbsp;Angela L. Spence","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ‘athlete's artery’ phenotype describes exercise-induced vascular adaptation whereby athletes have enlarged conduit arteries resulting from chronic endurance exercise. However, studies remain limited to males, with few evaluating changes in response to training. This study aimed to compare upper and lower limb adaptations across a 21-week competitive season between elite female and male rowers. Twenty-one athletes (females n = 10) were assessed at three timepoints across a 21-week season: early- (ES), mid- (MS), and late-season (LS). High-resolution duplex ultrasonography assessed brachial and femoral artery diameter, flow-mediated dilation (FMD%), and ischaemic hand-grip exercise (vasodilatory capacity, VD%). Data was analysed using Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA (training × sex). The time-course for peak brachial diameter differed for sex with largest diameter for females at LS (4.3 ± 0.3 cm) compared to MS for males (5.1 ± 0.3 cm). Similarly, brachial FMD% differed by sex with training where females had largest FMD% at LS and males at MS. However, shear-normalised brachial FMD% showed no effect of training or sex. No changes in VD% were observed. Femoral artery diameter was larger in males, while no sex or training effects were evidence for femoral FMD%. In the upper limb, brachial diameter increased with training which differed by sex, suggesting a sex-specific response. While brachial FMD% also improved with training in each sex, normalising for shear rate removed all apparent differences, suggesting a shear-mediated response. Lower limb vasculature was less impacted by training, with a moderate effect for sex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A science communication-focused summer project boosts first year bioscience students’ skill gains and supports placement year uptake","authors":"Vanessa L. Armstrong,&nbsp;Beth M. Lawry,&nbsp;Harley J. Stevenson-Cocks","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Communication skills are an essential transferable skill for graduates and, for bioscience students, science communication skills are fundamental to achieving success. Increasingly, development of enhanced wider transferable skills, often outside of normal bioscience curricula, is required during university study for graduates to achieve positive outcomes amongst an increasingly competitive job market. Innovative approaches to improve student development, confidence and skill gain are therefore required to maintain positive graduate outcomes.</div><div>Using science communication as a focal point, a novel three-week summer project was developed to provide a platform for first year bioscience students’ skill gain, with a view to enhance participants’ employability particularly for attaining competitive industrial placement year positions. The project was delivered entirely remotely via Zoom and Microsoft Teams and required participants to complete three communication-focused assessments centred on recent papers highlighted by the University’s Press Office. The pedagogical impact of this summer project was evaluated through pre- and post-project surveys from four iterations of the project (2021–2024) focusing on participants’ self-evaluation of skills aligned to the University’s Graduate Framework.</div><div>To date, 89 Level 4 bioscience students at a research-intensive UK university (and its Malaysian sister campus, n = 8) have completed the project. Project participants primarily wanted to improve their Academic Writing (93 %), Communication (85 %) and Research (89 %) skills as well as their Critical Thinking (72 %), Teamwork (74 %), Collaboration (59 %) skills and Confidence (68 %). Post-project, significant increases in 16 of 18 skills were reported by participants (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Of 29 participants that wanted to secure a placement year, 21 (72 %) went on to do so and a longitudinal survey of these participants (n = 16 respondents) revealed they evidenced the project in their applications (100 %, n = 16) and 75 % (n = 12) were specifically asked about the project at the interview stage, using the project as evidence of transferable skill development.</div><div>The project has demonstrated strong potential to boost participants’ skill development and employability, while providing a platform for academic improvement and transnational engagement. With a simple focus on communication skills and an accessible, adaptable format, the project provides a framework for other institutions to utilise to enhance student outcomes in the biosciences and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing career development for biomedical sciences Students: Leveraging simulations to support patient-facing careers","authors":"Komal Amar ,&nbsp;Matthew Jones ,&nbsp;Nathan Connell ,&nbsp;Daniel Mayo ,&nbsp;Lee Forde ,&nbsp;Berna S. Sayan ,&nbsp;Ale Lorente-Pons ,&nbsp;Rachael N. Magwaza ,&nbsp;Andrea Giachino ,&nbsp;Niroshini Nirmalan ,&nbsp;Sara Namvar","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simulations have become integral to medical education for professions such as nursing and medicine but are still a rare opportunity for students undertaking basic science courses including Biomedical Sciences. Many students undertaking Biomedical Sciences have a strong underlying interest in pursuing careers at the patient bedside. In this regard, Biomedical Science students often hope to secure competitive places on postgraduate courses in medicine, or physician associate studies. At the University of Salford, a significant number of students come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. These students may face additional barriers to academic confidence and a sense of belonging, which can affect their ability to competitively pursue postgraduate opportunities in medicine and related fields. Providing immersive learning experiences, such as clinical simulations, can help bridge this gap by fostering essential skills, increasing confidence, and enhancing employability.</div><div>We set out to design clinical scenarios that would develop transferable skills, especially around patient consultation, teamwork and ethical decision making. Four clinical scenarios were designed and delivered in the University of Salford state-of-the-art simulations suite. Scenarios included a lung cancer patient consultation, decision making around a liver transplant dilemma, a difficult conversation with a parent regarding safeguarding concerns, and finally an escape-game style scenario involving a zombie virus infection. These scenarios involved students becoming familiar with the ethical pillars for clinical decision making, frameworks for patient consultations, and the basics of clinical observations. We evaluated the student experience using a Likert survey.</div><div>Over a two-year period, a total of 60 students took part in the extracurricular simulation, of which 31 agreed to take part in the research survey. Results showed that the experience was largely accessed by students from widening participation backgrounds. In total, 97 % had a positive learning experience, and 100 % enjoyed taking part in the clinical simulation. We found that 90 % of students felt the experience supported the development of communication skills and teamwork, whilst 84 % reported improved employability. Furthermore, 90 % of students in this study would like to see simulation experiences embedded into their programme of study, and 91 % thought that simulations were better than traditional dyadic styles.</div><div>Collectively, these results point to the successful design and delivery of an extracurricular simulated experience and provide evidence to support the need to embed immersive simulated experiences into the curriculum of Biomedical Sciences courses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of obesity in chronic kidney disease progression","authors":"Austin Dada ,&nbsp;Jing Ren ,&nbsp;Yao Shi ,&nbsp;Ravi Nistala","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a global health epidemic linked to numerous chronic disease conditions and consequences, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and premature mortality. CKD, which can progress to end stage renal disease (ESRD) and/or dialysis with limited treatment options beyond slowing its advancement, is increasingly being recognized as a result or consequence of obesity. This review examines the pathophysiological mechanisms connecting obesity to the development and progression of CKD, via a condition known as obesity related kidney disease (ORKD). Importantly, ORKD has a distinct set of pathophysiological lesions from diabetic nephropathy, as free fatty acid and triglyceride deposition in ORKD dominates over hyperglycemia-induced renal injury in the context of diabetes. Since T2DM is commonly associated with obesity, it is important to recognize ORKD as a distinct entity which likely needs a distinct approach towards its management. Although CKD is the end result of many pathophysiological processes including obesity, the process by which it develops in each condition is vastly different. By synthesizing current preclinical and clinical evidence, we highlight the role of obesity as a modifiable risk factor for CKD and explore obesity-targeted interventions that reduce hyperfiltration among potential strategies to reduce CKD incidence and delay progression to ESRD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}