Current research in physiology最新文献

{"title":"Assessing uterine electrophysiology prior to elective term induction of labor","authors":"Sarah T. Mehl ,&nbsp;Pamela M. Simmons ,&nbsp;Julie R. Whittington ,&nbsp;Diana Escalona-Vargas ,&nbsp;Eric R. Siegel ,&nbsp;Curtis L. Lowery ,&nbsp;Lauren D. Crimmins-Pierce ,&nbsp;Hari Eswaran","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to determine if uterine electrophysiological signals gathered from 151 non-invasive biomagnetic sensors spread over the abdomen were associated with successful induction of labor (IOL).</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Uterine magnetomyogram (MMG) signals were collected using the SARA (SQUID Array for Reproductive Assessment) device from 33 subjects between 37 and 42 weeks gestational age. The signals were post-processed, uterine contractile related MMG bursts were detected, and parameters in the time and frequency domain were extracted. The modified Bishop score calculated at admission was used to determine the method of IOL. Wilcoxon's rank-sum test was used to compare IOL successes and failures for differences in gestational age (GA), parity, modified Bishop's score, maximum oxytocin, and electrophysiological parameters extracted from MMG.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average parity was three times (3x) higher (1.53 versus 0.50; p = 0.039), and the average modified Bishop score was 2x higher (3.32 versus 1.63; p = 0.032) amongst IOL successes than failures, while the average GA and maximum oxytocin showed a small difference. For the MMG parameters, successful IOLs had, on average, 3.5x greater mean power during bursts (0.246 versus 0.070; p = 0.034) and approximately 1.2x greater mean number of bursts (2.05 versus 1.68; p = 0.036) compared to the failed IOLs, but non-significant differences were observed in mean peak frequency, mean burst duration, and mean duration between bursts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study showed that inductions of labor that took less than 24 h to deliver have a higher mean power in the baseline electrophysiological activity of the uterus when recorded prior to planned induction. The results are indicative that baseline electrophysiological activity measured prior to induction is associated with successful induction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/57/8f/main.PMC10404855.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9978399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning and disease prediction in obstetrics","authors":"Zara Arain ,&nbsp;Stamatina Iliodromiti ,&nbsp;Gregory Slabaugh ,&nbsp;Anna L. David ,&nbsp;Tina T. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Machine learning technologies and translation of artificial intelligence tools to enhance the patient experience are changing obstetric and maternity care. An increasing number of predictive tools have been developed with data sourced from electronic health records, diagnostic imaging and digital devices. In this review, we explore the latest tools of machine learning, the algorithms to establish prediction models and the challenges to assess fetal well-being, predict and diagnose obstetric diseases such as gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth and fetal growth restriction. We discuss the rapid growth of machine learning approaches and intelligent tools for automated diagnostic imaging of fetal anomalies and to asses fetoplacental and cervix function using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. In prenatal diagnosis, we discuss intelligent tools for magnetic resonance imaging sequencing of the fetus, placenta and cervix to reduce the risk of preterm birth. Finally, the use of machine learning to improve safety standards in intrapartum care and early detection of complications will be discussed. The demand for technologies to enhance diagnosis and treatment in obstetrics and maternity should improve frameworks for patient safety and enhance clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b6/ff/main.PMC10265477.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocardial role in arrhythmias induced by acute ventricular stretch and the involvement of Purkinje fibres, in isolated rat hearts","authors":"Miriam Hurley ,&nbsp;Sarbjot Kaur ,&nbsp;Richard Walton ,&nbsp;Amelia Power ,&nbsp;Michel Haïssaguerre ,&nbsp;Olivier Bernus ,&nbsp;Marie-Louise Ward ,&nbsp;Ed White","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Purkinje fibres (PFs) play an important role in some ventricular arrhythmias and acute ventricular stretch can evoke mechanically-induced arrhythmias. We tested whether PFs and specifically TRPM4 channels, play a role in these mechanically-induced arrhythmias. Pseudo-ECGs and left ventricular (LV) activation, measured by optical mapping, were recorded in isolated, Langendorff-perfused, rat hearts. The LV endocardial surface was irrigated with experimental agents, via an indwelling catheter. The number and period of ectopic activations was measured during LV lumen inflation via an indwelling fluid-filled balloon (100 μL added over 2 s, maintained for 38 s). Mechanically-induced arrhythmias occurred during balloon inflation: they were multifocal, maximal in the first 5 s and ceased within 20 s. Optical mapping revealed activation patterns indicating PF-mediated and ectopic focal sources. Irrigation of the LV lumen with Lugol solution (IK/I₂) for 10s reduced ectopics by 93% (n = 16, P &lt; 0.001); with ablation of endocardial PFs confirmed by histology. Five min irrigation of the LV lumen with 50 μM 9-Phenanthrol, a blocker of TRPM4 channels, reduced ectopics by 39% (n = 15, P &lt; 0.01). Immunohistochemistry confirmed that TRPM4 was more abundant in PFs than myocardium. Our results show that the endocardial surface plays an important role in these mechanically-induced ectopic activations. Ectopic activation patterns indicate a participation of PFs in these arrhythmias, with a potential involvement of TRPM4 channels, shown by the reduction of arrhythmias by 9-Phenanthrol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9939534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10761409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice” [Curr. Res. Physiol. (2022) 436–444]","authors":"Lais Marinho Aguiar ,&nbsp;Carolina Soares de Moura ,&nbsp;Cintia Reis Ballard ,&nbsp;Aline Rissetti Roquetto ,&nbsp;Juliana Kelly da Silva Maia ,&nbsp;Gustavo H.B. Duarte ,&nbsp;Larissa Bastos Eloy da Costa ,&nbsp;Adriana Souza Torsoni ,&nbsp;Jaime Amaya-Farfan ,&nbsp;Mário R. Maróstica Junior ,&nbsp;Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Xenopus laevis tadpole -heart-organ-culture: Physiological changes in cholinergic and adrenergic sensitivities of tadpole heart with thyroxine-treatment","authors":"Hideki Hanada ,&nbsp;Fumihiro Morishita ,&nbsp;Seigo Sanoh ,&nbsp;Keiko Kashiwagi ,&nbsp;Akihiko Kashiwagi","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study clarified changes in physiological sensitivities of cultured Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 57 <em>Xenopus laevis</em> tadpole-organ-heart exposed to thyroxine (T₄) using acetylcholine (ACh), norepinephrine (NE) and atropine. For preliminary life span and the chemical tests, 60% minimum essential medium (MEM), two types of modified Hank's balanced salt-solution-culture-media (MHBSS-CM) I and II containing relatively lower concentrations of amino acids and collagen were prepared. In preliminary lifespan-test of cultured tadpole hearts, the hearts maintained in 60% MEM was 50 days on average, whereas that of the tadpole-hearts in MHBSS-CMs was extended by 109 days on average, showing superior effectiveness of MHBSS-CMs. 4 min-stimulation by 5 × 10⁻⁹ M T₄ tended to increase the tadpole heartbeat. 10⁻⁹ M ACh decreased the tadpole heartbeat. Frog-heart at 2–4 weeks after metamorphosis completion and tadpole heart treated with 5 × 10⁻¹⁰ M T₄ for 45 h also responded to 10⁻⁹ M ACh, and low-resting hearts were restored to the control level with the competitive muscarinic antagonist 10⁻⁸ M atropine, whereas excessive exposure of 10⁻⁵ M atropine to T₄-treated tadpole heart did not increase heartbeat in spite of the increased frog heartbeat over the control. 10⁻¹⁴ —10⁻¹² M NE increase the tadpole heartbeat in a concentration-dependent manner, however, 10⁻¹² M NE did not act to stimulate adrenergic receptors on both T₄-treated tadpole- and the frog-hearts. These results suggest that T₄ induces the desensitization of atropine-sensitive muscarinic and adrenergic receptors in organ-cultured tadpole-heart.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine transporter membrane mobility is bidirectionally regulated by phosphorylation and palmitoylation","authors":"Madhur Shetty,&nbsp;Danielle E. Bolland ,&nbsp;Joshua Morrell,&nbsp;Bryon D. Grove,&nbsp;James D. Foster,&nbsp;Roxanne A. Vaughan","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary regulator of dopamine availability in the brain is the dopamine transporter (DAT), a plasma membrane protein that drives reuptake of released dopamine from the extracellular space into the presynaptic neuron. DAT activity is regulated by post-translational modifications that establish clearance capacity through impacts on transport kinetics, and dysregulation of these events may underlie dopaminergic imbalances in mood and psychiatric disorders. Here, using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we show that phosphorylation and palmitoylation induce opposing effects on DAT lateral membrane mobility, which may influence functional outcomes by regulating subcellular localization and binding partner interactions. Membrane mobility was also impacted by amphetamine and in polymorphic variant A559V in directions consistent with enhanced phosphorylation. These findings grow the list of DAT properties controlled by these post-translational modifications and highlight their role in establishment of dopaminergic tone in physiological and pathophysiological states.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in vaginal bioengineering: Applications, techniques, and needs","authors":"Lily M. Buchanan ,&nbsp;Mari J.E. Domingo ,&nbsp;Shelby E. White ,&nbsp;Triniti N. Vanoven ,&nbsp;Niyousha Karbasion ,&nbsp;Matthew R. Bersi ,&nbsp;Isaac J. Pence ,&nbsp;Maria Florian-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Kristin S. Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665944123000147/pdfft?md5=0902f5dfc2c339b241aedca223d17a99&pid=1-s2.0-S2665944123000147-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91957155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical remodeling of the murine descending thoracic aorta during late-gestation pregnancy","authors":"Ana I. Vargas ,&nbsp;Samar A. Tarraf ,&nbsp;Timothy P. Fitzgibbons ,&nbsp;Chiara Bellini ,&nbsp;Rouzbeh Amini","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the rise in maternal mortality rates and the growing body of epidemiological evidence linking pregnancy history to maternal cardiovascular health, it is essential to comprehend the vascular remodeling that occurs during gestation. The maternal body undergoes significant hemodynamic alterations which are believed to induce structural remodeling of the cardiovascular system. Yet, the effects of pregnancy on vascular structure and function have not been fully elucidated. Such a knowledge gap has limited our understanding of the etiology of pregnancy-induced cardiovascular disease. Towards bridging this gap, we measured the biaxial mechanical response of the murine descending thoracic aorta during a normotensive late-gestation pregnancy. Non-invasive hemodynamic measurements confirmed a 50% increase in cardiac output in the pregnant group, with no changes in peripheral blood pressure. Pregnancy was associated with significant wall thickening ( ∼14%), an increase in luminal diameter ( ∼6%), and material softening in both circumferential and axial directions. This expansive remodeling of the tissue resulted in a reduction in tensile wall stress and intrinsic tissue stiffness. Collectively, our data indicate that an increase in the geometry of the vessel may occur to accommodate for the increase in cardiac output and blood flow that occurs in pregnancy. Similarly, wall thickening accompanied by increased luminal diameter, without a change in blood pressure may be a necessary mechanism to decrease the tensile wall stress, and avoid pathophysiological events following late gestation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ad/d5/main.PMC10415834.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10351519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise CRISPR-Cas9-mediated mutation of a membrane trafficking domain in the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter gene","authors":"James D. Asuncion ,&nbsp;Aditya Eamani ,&nbsp;Ethan W. Rohrbach ,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Knapp ,&nbsp;Sonali A. Deshpande ,&nbsp;Shivan L. Bonanno ,&nbsp;Jeremy E. Murphy ,&nbsp;Hakeem O. Lawal ,&nbsp;David E. Krantz","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monoamine neurotransmitters such as noradrenalin are released from both synaptic vesicles (SVs) and large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs), the latter mediating extrasynaptic signaling. The contribution of synaptic versus extrasynaptic signaling to circuit function and behavior remains poorly understood. To address this question, we have previously used transgenes encoding a mutation in the <em>Drosophila</em> Vesicular Monoamine Transporter (<em>dVMAT</em>) that shifts amine release from SVs to LDCVs. To circumvent the use of transgenes with non-endogenous patterns of expression, we have now used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate a trafficking mutant in the endogenous <em>dVMAT</em> gene. To minimize disruption of the <em>dVMAT</em> coding sequence and a nearby RNA splice site, we precisely introduced a point mutation using single-stranded oligonucleotide repair. A predicted decrease in fertility was used as a phenotypic screen to identify founders in lieu of a visible marker. Phenotypic analysis revealed a defect in the ovulation of mature follicles and egg retention in the ovaries. We did not detect defects in the contraction of lateral oviducts following optogenetic stimulation of octopaminergic neurons. Our findings suggest that release of mature eggs from the ovary is disrupted by changing the balance of VMAT trafficking between SVs and LDCVs. Further experiments using this model will help determine the mechanisms that sensitize specific circuits to changes in synaptic versus extrasynaptic signaling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioengineering and the cervix: The past, current, and future for addressing preterm birth","authors":"Kyoko Yoshida","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The uterine cervix plays two important but opposing roles during pregnancy – as a mechanical barrier that maintains the fetus for nine months and as a compliant structure that dilates to allow for the delivery of a baby. In some pregnancies, however, the cervix softens and dilates prematurely, leading to preterm birth. Bioengineers have addressed and continue to address the lack of reduction in preterm birth rates by developing novel technologies to diagnose, prevent, and understand premature cervical remodeling. This article highlights these existing and emerging technologies and concludes with open areas of research related to the cervix and preterm birth that bioengineers are currently well-positioned to address.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}