Current research in physiology最新文献

{"title":"Autonomic brain functioning and age-related health concerns","authors":"Amjad Z. Alrosan ,&nbsp;Ghaith B. Heilat ,&nbsp;Khaled Alrosan ,&nbsp;Abrar A. Aleikish ,&nbsp;Aya N. Rabbaa ,&nbsp;Aseel M. Shakhatreh ,&nbsp;Ehab M. Alshalout ,&nbsp;Enaam M.A. Al Momany","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary bodily functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, and digestion, in addition to controlling motivation and behavior. In older adults, the ANS is dysregulated, which changes the ability of the ANS to respond to physiological signals, regulate cardiovascular autonomic functionality, diminish gastric motility, and exacerbate sleep problems. For example, a decrease in heart rate variability, or the variation in the interval between heartbeats, is one of the most well-known alterations in the ANS associated with health issues, including cardiovascular diseases and cognitive decline. The inability to perform fundamental activities of daily living and compromising the physiological reactivity or motivational responses of older adults to moving toward or away from specific environmental stimuli are significant negative consequences of chronic and geriatric conditions that pose grave threats to autonomy, health, and well-being. The most updated research has investigated the associations between the action responsiveness of older adults and the maintenance of their physiological and physical health or the development of mental and physical health problems. Once autonomic dysfunction may significantly influence the development of different age-related diseases, including ischemic stroke, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune diseases, this review aimed to assess the relationship between aging and autonomic functions. The review explored how motivational responses, physiological reactivity, cognitive processes, and lifelong developmental changes associated with aging impact the ANS and contribute to the emergence of health problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665944124000075/pdfft?md5=0ef0ee27af3f6ce35d10caf7a05fe301&pid=1-s2.0-S2665944124000075-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140112664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term <i>Xenopus laevis</i> tadpole -heart-organ-culture: Physiological changes in cholinergic and adrenergic sensitivities of tadpole heart with thyroxine-treatment.","authors":"Hideki Hanada, Fumihiro Morishita, Seigo Sanoh, Keiko Kashiwagi, Akihiko Kashiwagi","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study clarified changes in physiological sensitivities of cultured Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 57 <i>Xenopus laevis</i> tadpole-organ-heart exposed to thyroxine (T₄) using acetylcholine (ACh), norepinephrine (NE) and atropine. For preliminary life span and the chemical tests, 60% minimum essential medium (MEM), two types of modified Hank's balanced salt-solution-culture-media (MHBSS-CM) I and II containing relatively lower concentrations of amino acids and collagen were prepared. In preliminary lifespan-test of cultured tadpole hearts, the hearts maintained in 60% MEM was 50 days on average, whereas that of the tadpole-hearts in MHBSS-CMs was extended by 109 days on average, showing superior effectiveness of MHBSS-CMs. 4 min-stimulation by 5 × 10^-9 M T₄ tended to increase the tadpole heartbeat. 10^-9 M ACh decreased the tadpole heartbeat. Frog-heart at 2-4 weeks after metamorphosis completion and tadpole heart treated with 5 × 10^-10 M T₄ for 45 h also responded to 10^-9 M ACh, and low-resting hearts were restored to the control level with the competitive muscarinic antagonist 10^-8 M atropine, whereas excessive exposure of 10^-5 M atropine to T₄-treated tadpole heart did not increase heartbeat in spite of the increased frog heartbeat over the control. 10^-14 -10^-12 M NE increase the tadpole heartbeat in a concentration-dependent manner, however, 10^-12 M NE did not act to stimulate adrenergic receptors on both T₄-treated tadpole- and the frog-hearts. These results suggest that T₄ induces the desensitization of atropine-sensitive muscarinic and adrenergic receptors in organ-cultured tadpole-heart.</p>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10724204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54097062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher’s announcement","authors":"Gail M. Rodney","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ca2+-regulated expression of high affinity methylaminoisobutryic acid transport in hippocampal neurons inhibited by riluzole and novel neuroprotective aminothiazoles","authors":"Jeffrey D. Erickson ,&nbsp;Thomas Kyllo ,&nbsp;Heike Wulff","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High affinity methylaminoisobutyric acid(MeAIB)/glutamine(Gln) transport activity regulated by neuronal firing occurs at the plasma membrane in mature rat hippocampal neuron-enriched cultures. Spontaneous Ca²⁺-regulated transport activity was similarly inhibited by riluzole, a benzothiazole anticonvulsant agent, and by novel naphthalenyl substituted aminothiazole derivatives such as SKA-378. Here, we report that spontaneous transport activity is stimulated by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and that phorbol-myristate acetate (PMA) increases high K⁺ stimulated transport activity that is inhibited by staurosporine. 4-AP-stimulated spontaneous and PMA-stimulated high K⁺-induced transport is not present at 7 days <em>in vitro</em> (DIV) and is maximal by DIV∼21. The relative affinity for MeAIB is similar for spontaneous and high K⁺-stimulated transport (K_m ∼ 50 μM) suggesting that a single transporter is involved. While riluzole and SKA-378 inhibit spontaneous transport with equal potency (IC₅₀ ∼ 1 μM), they exhibit decreased (∼3-5 X) potency for 4-AP-stimulated spontaneous transport. Interestingly, high K⁺-stimulated MeAIB transport displays lower and differential sensitivity to the two compounds. SKA-378-related halogenated derivatives of SKA-75 (SKA-219, SKA-377 and SKA-375) preferentially inhibit high K⁺-induced expression of MeAIB transport activity at the plasma membrane (IC₅₀ &lt; 25 μM), compared to SKA-75 and riluzole (IC₅₀ &gt; 100 μM). Ca²⁺-dependent spontaneous and high K⁺-stimulated MeAIB transport activity is blocked by ω-conotoxin MVIIC, ω-agatoxin IVA, ω-agatoxin TK (IC₅₀ ∼ 500 nM) or cadmium ion (IC₅₀ ∼ 20 μM) demonstrating that P/Q-type Ca_V channels that are required for activity-regulated presynaptic vesicular glutamate (Glu) release are also required for high-affinity MeAIB transport expression at the plasma membrane. We suggest that neural activity driven and Ca²⁺ dependent trafficking of the high affinity MeAIB transporter to the plasma membrane is a unique target to understand mechanisms of Glu/Gln recycling in synapses and acute neuroprotection against excitotoxic presynaptic Glu induced neural injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endocardial role in arrhythmias induced by acute ventricular stretch and the involvement of Purkinje fibres, in isolated rat hearts","authors":"Miriam Hurley ,&nbsp;Sarbjot Kaur ,&nbsp;Richard Walton ,&nbsp;Amelia Power ,&nbsp;Michel Haïssaguerre ,&nbsp;Olivier Bernus ,&nbsp;Marie-Louise Ward ,&nbsp;Ed White","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Purkinje fibres (PFs) play an important role in some ventricular arrhythmias and acute ventricular stretch can evoke mechanically-induced arrhythmias. We tested whether PFs and specifically TRPM4 channels, play a role in these mechanically-induced arrhythmias. Pseudo-ECGs and left ventricular (LV) activation, measured by optical mapping, were recorded in isolated, Langendorff-perfused, rat hearts. The LV endocardial surface was irrigated with experimental agents, via an indwelling catheter. The number and period of ectopic activations was measured during LV lumen inflation via an indwelling fluid-filled balloon (100 μL added over 2 s, maintained for 38 s). Mechanically-induced arrhythmias occurred during balloon inflation: they were multifocal, maximal in the first 5 s and ceased within 20 s. Optical mapping revealed activation patterns indicating PF-mediated and ectopic focal sources. Irrigation of the LV lumen with Lugol solution (IK/I₂) for 10s reduced ectopics by 93% (n = 16, P &lt; 0.001); with ablation of endocardial PFs confirmed by histology. Five min irrigation of the LV lumen with 50 μM 9-Phenanthrol, a blocker of TRPM4 channels, reduced ectopics by 39% (n = 15, P &lt; 0.01). Immunohistochemistry confirmed that TRPM4 was more abundant in PFs than myocardium. Our results show that the endocardial surface plays an important role in these mechanically-induced ectopic activations. Ectopic activation patterns indicate a participation of PFs in these arrhythmias, with a potential involvement of TRPM4 channels, shown by the reduction of arrhythmias by 9-Phenanthrol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9939534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10761409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning and disease prediction in obstetrics","authors":"Zara Arain ,&nbsp;Stamatina Iliodromiti ,&nbsp;Gregory Slabaugh ,&nbsp;Anna L. David ,&nbsp;Tina T. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Machine learning technologies and translation of artificial intelligence tools to enhance the patient experience are changing obstetric and maternity care. An increasing number of predictive tools have been developed with data sourced from electronic health records, diagnostic imaging and digital devices. In this review, we explore the latest tools of machine learning, the algorithms to establish prediction models and the challenges to assess fetal well-being, predict and diagnose obstetric diseases such as gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth and fetal growth restriction. We discuss the rapid growth of machine learning approaches and intelligent tools for automated diagnostic imaging of fetal anomalies and to asses fetoplacental and cervix function using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. In prenatal diagnosis, we discuss intelligent tools for magnetic resonance imaging sequencing of the fetus, placenta and cervix to reduce the risk of preterm birth. Finally, the use of machine learning to improve safety standards in intrapartum care and early detection of complications will be discussed. The demand for technologies to enhance diagnosis and treatment in obstetrics and maternity should improve frameworks for patient safety and enhance clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b6/ff/main.PMC10265477.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing uterine electrophysiology prior to elective term induction of labor","authors":"Sarah T. Mehl ,&nbsp;Pamela M. Simmons ,&nbsp;Julie R. Whittington ,&nbsp;Diana Escalona-Vargas ,&nbsp;Eric R. Siegel ,&nbsp;Curtis L. Lowery ,&nbsp;Lauren D. Crimmins-Pierce ,&nbsp;Hari Eswaran","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to determine if uterine electrophysiological signals gathered from 151 non-invasive biomagnetic sensors spread over the abdomen were associated with successful induction of labor (IOL).</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Uterine magnetomyogram (MMG) signals were collected using the SARA (SQUID Array for Reproductive Assessment) device from 33 subjects between 37 and 42 weeks gestational age. The signals were post-processed, uterine contractile related MMG bursts were detected, and parameters in the time and frequency domain were extracted. The modified Bishop score calculated at admission was used to determine the method of IOL. Wilcoxon's rank-sum test was used to compare IOL successes and failures for differences in gestational age (GA), parity, modified Bishop's score, maximum oxytocin, and electrophysiological parameters extracted from MMG.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average parity was three times (3x) higher (1.53 versus 0.50; p = 0.039), and the average modified Bishop score was 2x higher (3.32 versus 1.63; p = 0.032) amongst IOL successes than failures, while the average GA and maximum oxytocin showed a small difference. For the MMG parameters, successful IOLs had, on average, 3.5x greater mean power during bursts (0.246 versus 0.070; p = 0.034) and approximately 1.2x greater mean number of bursts (2.05 versus 1.68; p = 0.036) compared to the failed IOLs, but non-significant differences were observed in mean peak frequency, mean burst duration, and mean duration between bursts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study showed that inductions of labor that took less than 24 h to deliver have a higher mean power in the baseline electrophysiological activity of the uterus when recorded prior to planned induction. The results are indicative that baseline electrophysiological activity measured prior to induction is associated with successful induction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/57/8f/main.PMC10404855.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9978399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Metabolic dysfunctions promoted by AIN-93G standard diet compared with three obesity-inducing diets in C57BL/6J mice” [Curr. Res. Physiol. (2022) 436–444]","authors":"Lais Marinho Aguiar ,&nbsp;Carolina Soares de Moura ,&nbsp;Cintia Reis Ballard ,&nbsp;Aline Rissetti Roquetto ,&nbsp;Juliana Kelly da Silva Maia ,&nbsp;Gustavo H.B. Duarte ,&nbsp;Larissa Bastos Eloy da Costa ,&nbsp;Adriana Souza Torsoni ,&nbsp;Jaime Amaya-Farfan ,&nbsp;Mário R. Maróstica Junior ,&nbsp;Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in vaginal bioengineering: Applications, techniques, and needs","authors":"Lily M. Buchanan ,&nbsp;Mari J.E. Domingo ,&nbsp;Shelby E. White ,&nbsp;Triniti N. Vanoven ,&nbsp;Niyousha Karbasion ,&nbsp;Matthew R. Bersi ,&nbsp;Isaac J. Pence ,&nbsp;Maria Florian-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Kristin S. Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665944123000147/pdfft?md5=0902f5dfc2c339b241aedca223d17a99&pid=1-s2.0-S2665944123000147-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91957155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Xenopus laevis tadpole -heart-organ-culture: Physiological changes in cholinergic and adrenergic sensitivities of tadpole heart with thyroxine-treatment","authors":"Hideki Hanada ,&nbsp;Fumihiro Morishita ,&nbsp;Seigo Sanoh ,&nbsp;Keiko Kashiwagi ,&nbsp;Akihiko Kashiwagi","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crphys.2023.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study clarified changes in physiological sensitivities of cultured Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 57 <em>Xenopus laevis</em> tadpole-organ-heart exposed to thyroxine (T₄) using acetylcholine (ACh), norepinephrine (NE) and atropine. For preliminary life span and the chemical tests, 60% minimum essential medium (MEM), two types of modified Hank's balanced salt-solution-culture-media (MHBSS-CM) I and II containing relatively lower concentrations of amino acids and collagen were prepared. In preliminary lifespan-test of cultured tadpole hearts, the hearts maintained in 60% MEM was 50 days on average, whereas that of the tadpole-hearts in MHBSS-CMs was extended by 109 days on average, showing superior effectiveness of MHBSS-CMs. 4 min-stimulation by 5 × 10⁻⁹ M T₄ tended to increase the tadpole heartbeat. 10⁻⁹ M ACh decreased the tadpole heartbeat. Frog-heart at 2–4 weeks after metamorphosis completion and tadpole heart treated with 5 × 10⁻¹⁰ M T₄ for 45 h also responded to 10⁻⁹ M ACh, and low-resting hearts were restored to the control level with the competitive muscarinic antagonist 10⁻⁸ M atropine, whereas excessive exposure of 10⁻⁵ M atropine to T₄-treated tadpole heart did not increase heartbeat in spite of the increased frog heartbeat over the control. 10⁻¹⁴ —10⁻¹² M NE increase the tadpole heartbeat in a concentration-dependent manner, however, 10⁻¹² M NE did not act to stimulate adrenergic receptors on both T₄-treated tadpole- and the frog-hearts. These results suggest that T₄ induces the desensitization of atropine-sensitive muscarinic and adrenergic receptors in organ-cultured tadpole-heart.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49775952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}