Current research in physiology最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic effects of late-onset estradiol replacement in high-fat-fed ovariectomized mice","authors":"Alessandra Gonçalves da Cruz,&nbsp;Jessica Denielle Matos dos Santos,&nbsp;Ester dos Santos Alves,&nbsp;Anne Raissa Melo dos Santos,&nbsp;Bruna Fantini Trinca,&nbsp;Felipe Nunes de Camargo,&nbsp;Guilherme Fancio Bovolin,&nbsp;João Paulo Camporez","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Decreased estrogen levels in postmenopausal women negatively impact metabolic health. It is known that estradiol (E2) replacement can reverse this condition. However, there is no consensus on whether the effects mediated by E2 depend on the starting time of E2 replacement after menopause. We aimed to investigate the effects of different onset E2 treatments on glucose tolerance and metabolic parameters in high-fat-fed ovariectomized mice.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Eight-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: SHAM, OVX, and E2, to evaluate three different time points of E2 replacement after ovariectomy: early (after 4 weeks), intermediate (after 12 weeks), and late replacement (after 20 weeks). E2 groups received treatment through subcutaneous pellets.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>E2 replacement improved the parameters analyzed independently of the time since ovariectomy, reducing body weight gain and fat mass, as well as increasing the percentage of lean mass. Glucose intolerance, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and cholesterol levels were also reduced after treatment with E2. In the liver, there was a decrease in triacylglycerol (TAG) deposition, with no difference in the expression of SREBP1 and ERα proteins. In the muscle, there was a decrease in TAG deposition. In periuterine adipose tissue, there was an increase in the expression of SREBP1, FASN, and SCD, with no difference in the expression of ERα.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings reinforce the critical role of E2 in regulating both glucose and lipid metabolism and indicate that E2 action on metabolic health was not dependent on time since ovariectomy for the parameters analyzed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderate chronic aortic constriction induces modest, sex-specific effects on rat hearts and skeletal muscle","authors":"William S. Evans ,&nbsp;Yuan Liu ,&nbsp;Maria Clara Canellas Da Silva ,&nbsp;Harry Zichen Li ,&nbsp;Steven J. Prior ,&nbsp;Sarah Kuzmiak-Glancy","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for ∼50 % of heart failure diagnoses, occurs in older individuals, is more prevalent in females than males, and includes hypertension as contributing factor. We sought to determine whether a long-term, moderate, transverse aortic constriction in male and female rats induces ventricular hypertrophy and preserved ejection fraction, changes in skeletal muscle mass and strength, and sex-specific differences in these outcomes, mimicking HFpEF. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was performed on male and female rats at 4 weeks of age, and rats were sacrificed 40 weeks after surgery, following echocardiography and grip strength measures. Male TAC rats demonstrated a 12 % greater heart mass and 17 % higher heart to body mass ratio than Sham rats; however, these parameters did not differ between female TAC and Sham rats. TAC rats demonstrated a preserved ejection fraction, and TAC had no effect on skeletal muscle size or strength. In summary, male rats were more susceptible to TAC-induced pressure-overload hypertrophy than female rats, and this moderate constriction resulted in preserved ejection fraction despite a long time course. Collectively, these investigations reveal, in the absence of comorbidities, pressure overload produces modest, sex-specific effects in the myocardium and skeletal muscle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144289177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic writing and critical appraisal in physiology education: discerning the benefits of using large language models as knowledge receivers or knowledge providers","authors":"Matthew Hardy","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of short-term sleep reduction and aerobic exercise on metabolism and inflammation in healthy adults","authors":"Gracie L. Dupuis ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Kaveney ,&nbsp;Eric Lessard ,&nbsp;Braden Wilson ,&nbsp;Graham R. McGinnis ,&nbsp;Ryan K. Perkins","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of short-term sleep reduction on metabolic variables at rest and during acute aerobic (AE) exercise in healthy adults. This study followed a within subjects, repeated measures design. Following resting measures, recreationally active adults (n = 11; 5 female, 6 male; 26.4 ± 5.4 yrs) completed a 45 min AE challenge on a cycle ergometer at 70 % of their VO₂max after 7 nights of habitual sleep (CON) and then 7 nights of sleep reduction (SR) (i.e., sleeping ∼3 h less per night). Carbohydrate and fat oxidation rate, and energy expenditure were assessed via indirect calorimetry. Soluble TLR4 (sTLR4) and IL6 in the blood was assessed via ELISA. Results show sleep was reduced 31 % (p ≤ 0.05) during the SR period (CON: 8.1 ± 0.3 h/night; SR: 5.4 ± 0.2 h/night). Sleep efficiency increased (+5 ± 2 %), while average number of awakenings (−42 ± 4 %) and sleep fragmentation index (−24 ± 8 %) decreased in SR (all p ≤ 0.05). SR increased resting carbohydrate oxidation (+45 ± 1 %), kcals from carbohydrates (+45 ± 1 %), and total kcal utilization (+23 ± 0 %) compared to CON (all p ≤ 0.05). Seated resting heart rate increased 5 ± 0 % (p ≤ 0.05), while mean arterial pressure decreased 3 ± 0 % (p ≤ 0.05) following SR. Resting circulating sTLR4 and IL6 remained unchanged following SR (p &gt; 0.05). IL6 increased significantly after AE in both CON (+161 ± 68 %) and SR (+133 ± 37 %), with no difference between groups, while sTLR4 remained unchanged (p &gt; 0.05). Metabolic and cardiovascular responses during exercise were not different between CON and SR (p &gt; 0.05). Average RPE during AE was higher in SR than CON (+3 ± 0 %, p ≤ 0.05). These findings show that short-term sleep reduction influences resting metabolic and cardiovascular function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of the Quercetin on experimental cuprizone-induced multiple sclerosis in male C57BL/6 mice","authors":"Samin Ghasemi ,&nbsp;Shahin Hassanpour ,&nbsp;Razieh Hosseini","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to determine protective effect of the Quercetin on experimental cuprizone-induced (CPZ) multiple sclerosis (MS) in Male C57BL/6 mice. Forty male C57BL/6 mice were allocated into 4 experimental groups. Control group received the standard diet. In group 2, mice received a diet containing 0.2 % (w/w) CPZ mixed with ground chow for a duration of 4 weeks (Zhu et al., 2021). In group 3, mice received Quercetin (150 mg/kg) orally every day for 4 weeks. In group 4, mice received a diet with 0.2 % CPZ and Quercetin (150 mg/kg) orally for 4 weeks. After incidence of the sign of the MS reflexive motor behavior and serum antioxidant levels were assessed. Based on the findings, administration of the CPZ significantly decreased ambulation score, number of crosses using OFT (open field test), stay on rotarod, hindlimb foot angle, front- and hindlimb suspension and grip strength (P &lt; 0.05). Quercetin significantly increased ambulation score, number of cross using, stay on rotarod, hindlimb foot angle, front- and hindlimb suspension and grip strength (P &lt; 0.05). Administration of the CPZ significantly increased serum malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) While decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels (P &lt; 0.05). Quercetin significantly decreased serum MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β while increased SOD, GPX and TAS levels (P &lt; 0.05). These results suggested, Quercetin has protective effect against CPZ-induced MS in mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No sex differences in fatigability or neuromuscular responses during one set of maximal intended velocity muscle actions to failure at 30 % one-repetition maximum","authors":"Tyler J. Neltner ,&nbsp;Robert W. Smith ,&nbsp;Jocelyn E. Arnett ,&nbsp;Dolores G. Ortega ,&nbsp;Richard J. Schmidt ,&nbsp;Dona McCanlies ,&nbsp;Terry J. Housh","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditionally, research using dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) training has focused on self-selected velocities. This study aimed to examine sex differences in fatigability and neuromuscular responses during maximal intended velocity, DCER forearm flexion muscle actions to failure. Fourteen men (mean ± SD; age: 22.9 ± 2.0 yrs) and 13 women (age: 22.9 ± 2.6 yrs) completed one set of forearm flexion muscle actions to failure performing the concentric phase of the repetition at maximal intended velocity (as fast as possible). Electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) signals were recorded from the biceps brachii. The results indicated that men were significantly stronger and more powerful than women, however, there were no sex differences in the number of repetitions to failure (70 ± 18) or reductions in peak force (31 ± 8 %), peak velocity (57 ± 18 %), or peak power (64 ± 17 %). Additionally, there were no sex differences in the neuromuscular responses, which included increases in EMG amplitude (AMP), decreases in EMG mean power frequency (MPF), and no changes in MMG AMP or MPF. The increase in EMG AMP and decrease in EMG MPF, combined with no changes in MMG AMP or MPF, suggested that the decreases in performance were due to excitation contraction coupling failure, rather than a reduction in central drive. Thus, despite the low relative load, the maximal intended velocity muscle actions resulted in similar impairments of contractile function for the men and women that diminished sex differences in fatigability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing laboratory education through collaborative online international learning: A case study between USA and UK students","authors":"Matthew Allan Jones ,&nbsp;Pika Miklavc ,&nbsp;MaryAnne Stewart","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) has emerged in recent years as an effective and viable alternative to increase the international opportunities within taught curricula. Through recent innovations in online collaboration tools, and elevated demand for international opportunities, there has been a recent increase in the development of COIL opportunities globally across a range of health aligned disciplines. This style of learning has been described as positively contributing to the internationalisation of students and enhancement of their transferable skills. However, there have been no reported COIL opportunities described in the fields of laboratory medicine and biomedicine, likely due to the large practical elements associated with the subjects. This study therefore aims to develop a COIL opportunity that incorporates practical laboratory elements and evaluate the efficacy of this teaching and learning approach.</div><div>A laboratory-based COIL was developed and delivered across two days. Day one was composed of synchronous livestreamed laboratory demonstrations and practical activities, with day two focused on the completion of a time-dependent team-based task. The pedagogical impact of this laboratory-based COIL was evaluated through 1) pre and post surveys and 2) an overall survey utilising Likert scales.</div><div>The laboratory-based COIL was well received by students (n = 34) with the majority enjoying (94.1 %) and learnt a lot (94.1 %) by participating in the session. It also produced highly positive benefits to student confidence (97.1 %), teamworking (100 %), and communication (97.1 %). Pre (n = 46) and Post-analysis (n = 35) revealed significant enhancement of students international education knowledge, international medical practice knowledge, cultural intelligence, social initiative, emotional stability, and work-based flexibility (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Further analysis based on participants international institution revealed significant differences in responses between the two participating cohorts, namely questions relating to cultural intelligence and their confidence of working with cultures unfamiliar to themselves.</div><div>We are the first to report that implementation of laboratory-based COIL opportunities have significant potential in enhancing students' international, cultural and transferable competencies within laboratory and health education. These findings suggest that practical-based COILs are effective methods for preparing students to thrive in a globalized healthcare environment, making a strong case for its continued use and expansion in educational programmes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143134702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High carbohydrate diet programs metabolic enzyme gene expression modification in F2 generation wistar rat males","authors":"Joseph Chimezie ,&nbsp;Worship Odosa Agbonifo ,&nbsp;Hope Oluwabukola Francis ,&nbsp;Mercy Oluwaseun Awoleye ,&nbsp;Temitope Gabriel Adedeji","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diets high in carbohydrates (HCD) negatively impact transgenerational metabolic health and phenotype, factors directly influenced by gene expression. This study investigates the effects of HCD feeding on gene expression of key enzymes of important metabolic pathways in the Parent (F0), first (F1) and second (F2) filial generations. Each generation consisted of a control and HCD group of male and female counterparts in the F0 and F1 generations. Female rat cohorts (F0) fed a control or high-carbohydrate diet were mated at pro-oestrous period with males fed with similar diets at a ratio of 1:1 overnight. The offspring of the F1 generation exposed to the same diet were mated (1:1) to produce the F2 generation fed on a control diet. Male animals in each generation were analysed for metabolic changes, gene expression, and phenotypic outcomes. The results indicate that HCD caused significant increases (P &lt; 0.05) in body weight in both the F1 and F2 generations, fasting blood glucose in the F2 generation, as well as serum insulin and HOMA-IR in the F1 and F2 generations. The F0 and F1 HCD-fed rats demonstrated a significant increase (P &lt; 0.05) in the expression of genes involved in glycolysis and glycogen synthesis, along with a significant decrease (P &lt; 0.05) in the expression of genes for gluconeogenic enzymes. Additionally, there was an increase (P &lt; 0.05) in the expression of genes associated with fatty acid biosynthesis and a decrease (P &lt; 0.05) in β-oxidation gene expression, a pattern similarly observed in control-fed F2 male rats. These findings suggest that a parental diet high in carbohydrates can induce modifications in the gene expression of metabolic rate-limiting enzymes in F2 offspring, regardless of their diet. However, this study did not assess the epigenetic modifications potentially responsible for the observed transgenerational effects. Future research could investigate epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, and also assess these effects in female animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An interactive, self-guided tutorial on scientific writing for first year physiology students","authors":"Alex Swainson ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Mason ,&nbsp;Frances M. MacMillan","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most biomedical science students arriving at UK universities have very limited experience of writing scientifically and have little insight into the process involved in producing a peer-reviewed academic publication. To help support them, we created an interactive, online tutorial to help improve their scientific writing through looking at aspects including the construction of a logical argument, use of figures and referencing, as well as providing an overview of the publication process. The tutorial was delivered in an in-person teaching workshop at the University of Bristol and offered as an optional, online-only activity at the University of Cambridge, in both cases to first-year physiology students. In Bristol, 68 % of 152 students and in Cambridge, 67 % of 561 students engaged with the interactive tutorial. These students were invited to complete before-and-after surveys, with questions relating to their confidence in and understanding of the topics covered. Feedback from students in both institutions was overwhelmingly positive, with a statistically significant increase in reported confidence and understanding following completion of the tutorial. We propose the use of similar interactive tutorials as a simple, low-investment way in which training in scientific writing can be included in undergraduate science curricula, to help students prepare for what is expected in coursework, exam essays and in their postgraduate careers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in the association between albuminuria and vascular health in individuals living with chronic kidney disease","authors":"Badal S.B. Pattar ,&nbsp;Sofia B. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Jessalyn K. Holodinsky ,&nbsp;Nicole Larsen ,&nbsp;Sakshi Kharbanda ,&nbsp;Sarah Rabi ,&nbsp;Victoria Riehl-Tonn ,&nbsp;Darlene Y. Sola ,&nbsp;Sarah Blayney ,&nbsp;Sandra M. Dumanski","doi":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crphys.2025.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Albuminuria, a marker of CKD severity, is independently associated with cardiovascular disease, however limited studies explore the impact of sex. We aimed to explore sex differences in the association between albuminuria and vascular health in individuals living with CKD. Albuminuria was quantified through urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) and measures of vascular health included Aortic Augmentation Index (AIx), Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP). Multivariable linear regression analyses estimated the association between uACR and each outcome, and sex was assessed as an effect modifier. Adults living with CKD were recruited from nephrology clinics in Calgary, Canada and 66 participants (39 female, 27 male) were included in this study. A higher eGFR (89[56] versus 58[50] ml/min/1.73m2) and lower uACR (32[405] versus 386[933] mg/g) were observed in females. Sex modified the relationship between uACR and AIx; with a positive association in females (<span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></math></span> = 0.02; p &lt; 0.01), and no relationship in males (<span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></math></span> = -0.004; p = 0.16). Positive relationships between uACR and both PWV and MAP were observed, though sex did not modify either relationship. Further research to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning these sex differences are necessary to optimize and personalize cardiovascular risk reduction strategies in CKD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72753,"journal":{"name":"Current research in physiology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}