Annals of 3D printed medicine最新文献

{"title":"Polymeric hydrogels for bioprinting: A comprehensive review","authors":"Mohammad Amir Qureshi ,&nbsp;Basree ,&nbsp;Raqeeba Aziz ,&nbsp;Yasser Azim ,&nbsp;Musheer Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bio-printing; It is a technique to make bio-structure, has been steadily increasing the impact on society and it is transforming the science of biomaterials. It allows the direct production of customized products from biomaterials. This article is based on hydrogels for bioprinting. So, this article included a detailed discussion on different methods of bioprinting. Different characteristics of hydrogels for 3D bioprinting also discussed. Explanation regarding different types of crosslinking for the preparation of hydrogels is also featured. This review is also contains information regarding the use of different types of bio-polymeric and non-bio-polymeric hydrogels for 3D bioprinting. To last, this review has also discussed drawbacks of 3D bioprinting, transformation of 3D bioprinting to 4D bioprinting, expected steps in 4D bioprinting, and to last advantages of 4D bioprinting. This work will provide ample base for future work as it has the latest and ongoing information which researchers could use in tissue engineering and bioprinting domain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a fully digital design process for customized mandibular advancement and its precision additive manufacturing","authors":"Chinmai Bhat ,&nbsp;Yulius Shan Romario ,&nbsp;I-Ching Chou ,&nbsp;Wan-Rong Jiang ,&nbsp;Yu-Yan Wu ,&nbsp;Maziar Ramezani ,&nbsp;Cho-Pei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to develop a fully digital workflow for the fabrication of customized mandibular advancement devices (MAD). MADs are used to treat obstructive sleep apnea and typically require 8–10 days to fabricate as per the patient's specifications. The currently designed digital methodology considerably shortens this timescale to 2–3 days, providing a viable alternative to traditional methods. The process integrates digital intraoral scanning, computer-aided modeling, and additive manufacturing using DD guide material through digital light processing technology. Along with the integration, the workflow also optimizes scanning accuracy, printing orientation, precision, and usability. The precision of fabrication was examined by scanning the fabricated part with the stereolithography file. The root mean square value of 0.0287 mm indicates that the fabricated device is within the clinical accuracy and thus can be used for mandibular advancement. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that printing orientations of 0° and 45° deliver higher precision and surface quality, with the 45° proving to be most cost-effective for grinding and post-processing. The post-processing greatly reduced the surface roughness thereby increasing the comfortability and hygiene. The durability of the fabricated MADs was proved through the unaffected mechanical properties even after washing &gt;1000 times (equivalent to 3 years). Contributing to the wider adoption of digital procedures in dental clinics and coinciding with current market trends toward patient-specific solutions, this study highlights the viability of an efficient, adaptable, and hygienic digital workflow for MADs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A neo-sternal reconstruction using titanium additive manufacturing; a South African case report","authors":"S van der Westhuizen ,&nbsp;JT Janson ,&nbsp;RF Nel ,&nbsp;WB du Preez ,&nbsp;GJ Booysen","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100197","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of 3D-printed flow-diverting stents for studying the effect of aneurysm treatment in vitro","authors":"Lana Bautz ,&nbsp;Oluwabusayo A. Oni ,&nbsp;Tamim Sarwar ,&nbsp;Hivnu Toraman ,&nbsp;Olav Jansen ,&nbsp;Jan-Bernd Hövener ,&nbsp;Naomi Larsen ,&nbsp;Mariya S. Pravdivtseva","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are preventively treated with flow-diverting stents (FDs), but complications persist, necessitating safer, customized FDs. While 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can evaluate FD treatment efficiency, metal artifacts from FDs compromise flow assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study developed a protocol for fabricating 3D-printed FD replicas to test customized FDs and support MR imaging development by providing a metal-free testing platform.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Simplified mesh models with varying wire diameters (0.05–0.5 mm) and cell lengths (0.07–4.74 mm) were 3D printed using stereolithography and tested under gravity. A patient-specific aneurysm model was created, with 3D-printed FDs featuring 6, 16, and 20 wires covering the aneurysm entrance. Flow reduction caused by 3D printed FDs was evaluated with 4D flow MRI and compared to a commercial FD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Printable meshes had wire diameters ≥ 0.05 mm, with porosities over 14 % ensuring permeability. Lower porosities reduced gravity flow (4.93 ml/s vs. 28.57 ml/s for 14 % and 54 % porosity). Only wire sizes of 0.25 mm and 0.5 mm were accurately 3D-printed. The 3D-printed FDs reduced flow into the aneurysm sac without metal artifacts on MR images. The 20-wire FD fully occluded aneurysm flow, while the 16-wire and 6-wire FDs achieved 94 % and 76 % reductions, comparable to the 65 % reduction of the commercial FD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The proposed workflow enables efficient 3D printing of FD replicas that match commercial FDs in performance. These 3D-printed FDs can optimize initial design parameters and support artifact-free MR imaging development for aneurysm treatment evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D printed aneurysm training before treatment: A case control retrospective study","authors":"Mishel Manashirov ,&nbsp;Ran Brauner ,&nbsp;Yarden Mor ,&nbsp;Guy Raphaeli ,&nbsp;Sagi Harnof ,&nbsp;Alain Perlow ,&nbsp;Eitan Auriel ,&nbsp;Michael Findler","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intracranial aneurysms are abnormal dilatations of arteries in the brain, often necessitating intricate endovascular interventions. Preoperative planning using 3D-printed models can enhance the understanding of complex aneurysm anatomy and improve treatment strategies. This study aims to evaluate the impact of patient-specific 3D-printed aneurysm models on procedural planning, treatment efficacy, and clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients treated for non-ruptured intracranial aneurysms at our institution between 2021 and 2023. Nine patients underwent preoperative simulation using 3D-printed models, while 32 patients received standard care without simulation. The vascular models were created using 3D Slicer for segmentation and Meshmixer for model refinement. The simulations were performed on a biplane Allura system. Data on demographics, aneurysm characteristics, hospitalization duration, procedure times, treatment changes, and unused materials were collected and analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical significance was assessed with independent one-tail <em>t</em>-tests, with a p-value &lt; 0.05 considered significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The experimental group (nine patients) showed a trend towards reduced procedure times compared to the control group (126 ± 48 mins vs. 142 ± 68 mins, <em>p</em> = 0.253). There was no significant difference in mean hospitalization days between the groups (4 ± 0.9 days vs. 4 ± 1.7 days, <em>p</em> = 0.502). Interestingly, the treatment strategy was altered in four cases based on 3D simulation insights. The 3D simulation group also experienced fewer procedural complications (22.2 % vs. 31.2 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>simulation using 3D-printed models shows potential in enhancing procedural planning and reducing complication rates in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. While the study did not demonstrate statistically significant differences in procedure time and hospitalization days, the observed trends and changes in treatment strategies suggest that 3D printing technology can provide valuable insights for neurointerventionists. Further research with larger sample sizes and prospective designs is warranted to validate these findings and establish standardized protocols for integrating 3D printing into clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical characterization of low-cost 3D FDM printed scaffolds fabricated with synthesized PLA/HA bio-composite filament","authors":"Mynmayh Khamvongsa ,&nbsp;Kent Milton ,&nbsp;Tanvir R. Faisal","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone tissue engineering has gained popularity as a potential alternative in bone defect treatment, where the synthetic graft can be generated by a 3D biomaterial framework (scaffold) that yields shape and initial mechanical strength to facilitate cell bone formation. Biopolymer-based, Poly Lactic Acid (PLA)/Hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds were found to have a similar structure, composition, and mechanical properties as natural bone. The objective of this work was to fabricate 3D scaffolds with PLA and HA using a low-cost fabrication process such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), which can be used to construct scaffolds tailored to an individual's specific need in a controlled and customizable process. The study primarily focuses on the synthesis, and mechanical and morphological characterization of PLA/HA filament and its scaffolds. The fabricated 3D printed PLA/HA scaffolds had an interconnected and highly porous structure, resembling natural bone porosity. The addition of HA had a significant effect on the PLA/HA composites although there are no notable differences in mechanical properties between 10–15 % PLA/HA composites. The microstructural morphology of the PLA and PLA/HA composite filaments observed under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed a relatively well mixed and homogenous mixture and Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) testing of the filaments’ surface topography further showed a mostly homogeneous presence of HA throughout. The 3D printed scaffolds showed a larger pore size due to the inclusion of HA. Additionally, with the increased percentage of HA, the pores became more uneven and irregular. The preliminary results of this study show a promising potential for personalized scaffold design for bone tissue regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-resin 3D printing of radiopaque customized artificial tooth for revolutionizing preclinical training on root canal treatment","authors":"Yi-Ching Ho ,&nbsp;Wan-Rong Jiang ,&nbsp;Yulius Shan Romario ,&nbsp;Chinmai Bhat ,&nbsp;Maziar Ramezani ,&nbsp;Cho-Pei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to 3D print customized dental models using a multi-material 3D printer that can mimic natural human teeth. The model consists of a detailed tooth with adequate radiopacity and pulp cavity which will be used for preclinical endodontic training.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A radiopaque resin with varying barium sulfate (BaSO₄) ratios was synthesized to optimize printability and radiopacity. The artificial tooth with a pulp cavity was created from micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) data and printed using a multi-resin 3D printer, employing clinical A2 resin (AA-Temp) for the tooth body and soft red resin for the pulp. Periapical radiography evaluated the radiopacity, and the effect of BaSO₄ on resin viscosity and hardness was measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Experimental results show that adding a 10% weight ratio of BaSO₄ in A2 resin can obtain the highest radiopacity of the printed tooth. Furthermore, the study successfully fabricated incisor and molar tooth models for preclinical endodontic training which closely matched the natural human tooth in terms of appearance, size, and shape.</div></div><div><h3>Originality and significance</h3><div>The multi-material 3D printing technology that is capable of fabricating hard and soft parts of the tooth is self-developed. Furthermore, two training models were successfully framed for students to get hands-on experience in root canal treatment of incisor and molar teeth. The enhanced confidence gained by training on the 3D-printed tooth that closely matches the characteristics of a natural human tooth would increase the clinical success rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluminous fronto-parietal osteomas: Guided resection with patient-specific cutting guides and reconstruction with a 3D printed hydroxyapatite implant","authors":"Lucille de Bengy-Puyvallée ,&nbsp;David Poisbleau ,&nbsp;Francois Herman ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Cobraiville ,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Giot ,&nbsp;Loric Galmard","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteomas are benign, well-differentiated bony tumors characterized by gradual progression, commonly observed within the craniofacial skeleton. This case report aims at describing the successful surgical treatment of giant frontal osteomas thanks to additive manufacturing technologies. The osteomas were located on the external table of the parietal and frontal bones with complete invasion of the anterior wall of the right frontal sinus. Resection was performed with the help of three 3D printed surgical cutting guides to prevent damaging the inter-sinus septum, the right orbital roof and the posterior wall of the frontal sinus. Anterior frontal sinus wall was reconstructed with a 3D printed hydroxyapatite patient-specific implant called MyBone Custom Implant (MBCI). The 3D planning and accuracy of the additive manufacturing tools enabled to obtain good bone contacts. Ossification of the edges of the MBCI is visible on the six-month postoperative scans. The outcome of this reconstruction proved highly satisfactory both in terms of aesthetic results as well as restoring the bone integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bibliometric analysis of publications in 3D printing in surgery from the web of science database","authors":"Bitesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Anjan Kumar Dhua ,&nbsp;Mohit Garg ,&nbsp;Vishesh Jain ,&nbsp;Devendra Kumar Yadav ,&nbsp;Prabudh Goel ,&nbsp;Sachit Anand ,&nbsp;Divya Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, introduced by Charles Hull in 1986, has revolutionized prototyping and is increasingly applied in medical fields such as orthopedics, neurosurgery, and cardiac surgery. The technology offers numerous benefits, including reduced surgical complications, cost-effectiveness, and customization of medical devices. This study provides a bibliometric analysis of 3D printing in surgery, highlighting trends, influential countries, and key research contributors.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to analyze the publication landscape of 3D printing in surgery, focusing on key metrics such as annual citation rates, growth trends, citation per year, total citations, source journals, author details, country-wise production, and institutional contributions. The study also aims to explore collaborative patterns at the author, institutional, and country levels and identify core research areas through keyword co-occurrence analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection on August 13, 2023, including documents published from 2001 to 2022. A total of 3,230 documents were identified and analyzed using VOSviewer and the Bibliometrix R-package. Inclusion criteria encompassed English-language documents related to 3D printing in surgery, while documents published after December 2022 were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed a significant annual growth rate of 20.08 % in publications related to 3D printing in surgery, with peak years being 2022, 2021, and 2020. China and the USA dominate the research output, accounting for approximately 50 % of global publications. Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Sichuan University are leading institutions. Collaborative patterns show strong author linkages and international cooperation, particularly between the USA, China, and England. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified \"reconstruction,\" \"accuracy,\" and \"additive manufacturing\" as core research areas.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the research landscape of 3D printing in surgery, emphasizing this technology's rapid growth and significant impact. The insights gained can guide future research, foster collaborations, and inform policy decisions to advance the field. Leading countries and institutions are crucial in driving scientific discoveries and translating research into clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable direct manufacturing of a functional multipurpose wrist-hand orthosis using 3D printing","authors":"Dhruv Bose ,&nbsp;Shubham Gupta ,&nbsp;Arnab Chanda","doi":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.stlm.2025.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most debilitating injuries with no direct cure. Managing SCI thus becomes a critical task for caregivers and most importantly patients, whose lives are severely hindered both physically and psychologically. Injury at different parts of the spine corroborates to partial or complete motor loss at one or more parts of the body. The current paradigm of recuperative techniques aim at effective splinting coupled with a consistent rehabilitation regimen. This work focused on the development of a novel wrist-hand orthosis using 3D printing to aid patients inflicted by C5-C7 SCI which causes loss of motor function at the distal ends of the upper extremity. An optimized development framework was presented to achieve quick production times, scalability, ergonomics and minimal post processing activities to produce an ultra-low cost orthotic device (∼$2). The Print in Place (PIP) method was employed to diminish all post processing and assembly operations. A unique compliant wrist brace mechanism was introduced. The developed assistive device was assessed via Finite Element Analysis (FEA) prior to manufacturing and the same was verified experimentally, post-manufacturing. Overall, the developed device was found to successfully sustain the designed load requirements. It was anticipated that the use of the aforementioned methods and techniques could greatly enhance the scalability and affordability of 3D printed orthotic devices, especially in low and middle income countries where SCI cases are not only highly prevalent but also neglected, escalating the severity of injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72210,"journal":{"name":"Annals of 3D printed medicine","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}