Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"When the Good Outweighs the Bad: Day-Level Interactions Between Positive and Negative Alcohol Consequences and Their Impact on Next-Day Alcohol Cognitions","authors":"Scott E. King, Jack T. Waddell, William R. Corbin","doi":"10.1111/acer.70427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70427","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol consequences are among the most studied predictors of future drinking behavior, yet findings regarding the influence of negative consequences on subsequent alcohol use remain inconsistent. It is possible that the more frequent experience of positive consequences, which are more salient to drinking behavior, outweighs the impact of negative consequences. The current study examined how both domains of alcohol consequences and their co-occurrence influenced next-day evaluations of drinking episodes and subsequent drinking behavior among young adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-four young adults (Mage = 22.73, SD = 1.54; 56% female at birth) enrolled in an 18-day ecological momentary assessment study. Across 1412 days (578 drinking days), participants completed morning reports assessing prior-day drinking behavior, prior-day positive and negative consequences, and evaluations of the drinking episode. Multilevel models tested indirect associations between alcohol consequences and next-day drinking via subjective evaluations, as well as the interaction between concurrent positive and negative consequences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiencing more positive consequences than usual was associated with more favorable evaluations of the drinking episode, including higher overall positivity ratings (<i>b</i> = 0.23, SE = 0.03, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and greater perceived worth (<i>b</i> = 0.16, SE = 0.02, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas greater-than-usual negative consequences predicted less favorable positivity ratings (<i>b</i> = −0.24, SE = 0.05, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and lower worth ratings (<i>b</i> = −0.16, SE = 0.05, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Positive consequences moderated the relation between negative consequences and overall evaluations (<i>b</i> = 0.06, SE = 0.03, <i>p</i> < 0.05), such that the impact of negative consequences on ratings of positivity was attenuated at higher levels of positive consequences. Although no prediction of the likelihood of next-day drinking was observed, more favorable evaluations predicted heavier next-day drinking quantity on drinking days (IRR = 1.22, 95% CI [1.07, 1.38]). Positive consequences also indirectly predicted heavier next-day drinking quantity via more favorable evaluations (<i>b</i> = 0.05, SE = 0.02, <i>p</i> < 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings suggest that positive alcohol experiences may buffer the impact of negative consequences, highlighting the importance of subjective evaluati","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validating a New-Generation Wrist-Worn Alcohol Biosensor Among Persons With and Without HIV in a Laboratory Setting","authors":"Veronica L. Richards,&nbsp;Amadou Barrow,&nbsp;Seungjun Ahn,&nbsp;Andy Chavez Alvarez,&nbsp;Robert F. Leeman,&nbsp;Nancy P. Barnett,&nbsp;Eric C. Porges,&nbsp;Robert L. Cook,&nbsp;Yan Wang","doi":"10.1111/acer.70424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70424","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wrist-worn transdermal alcohol concentration (TAC) sensors enable continuous, objective measurement of alcohol use. This study validated a newer generation alcohol sensor (BACtrack Skyn) in a laboratory setting among persons with and without HIV. We examined: (1) correspondence between TAC and breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) overall and by HIV status and (2) factors associated with TAC (peak and area under the curve [AUC]) controlling for peak BrAC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-four participants (32% persons with HIV [PWH], 55% male, <i>M</i>_age = 34.4) completed 40 laboratory alcohol administration sessions while wearing the sensor and providing BrACs. All participants underwent the same dosing procedures, consuming three 4.5% beers. Correlations, multilevel models, and generalized estimating equations models examined relationships between TAC, BrAC, and individual factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this single-dose study, peak TAC and TAC AUC significantly correlated with peak BrAC (<i>r</i>s <i>=</i> 0.36–0.39). Correlations between peak TAC and BrAC were similar by HIV status (<i>r</i>s <i>=</i> 0.5) but varied between TAC AUC and peak BrAC (persons without HIV <i>r</i> = 0.57, PWH <i>r</i> = 0.33), with nonsignificant associations among PWH. Full time-series analyses showed stronger TAC-BrAC correlations (<i>r</i> = 0.64) with no HIV differences. Age (<i>b</i> = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.02), race/ethnicity other than non-Hispanic White (<i>b</i> = −0.44, 95% CI: −0.79, −0.08), positive HIV status (<i>b</i> = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.24, 1.09), and AUDIT score (<i>b</i> = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.14) were associated with peak TAC. Positive HIV status (<i>b =</i> 1.33, 95% CI: 0.48, 2.18), AUDIT score (<i>b =</i> 0.11, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.19), and BMI (<i>b</i> = −0.06, 95% CI: −0.11, −0.00) were associated with TAC AUC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In light of the fixed dosing procedure, peak-based correlations reflect comparisons that limit BrAC variability to a narrow band, thereby constraining TAC-BrAC correlations. TAC and BrAC were significantly correlated, with the strongest concordance observed using full time-series data. Findings suggest similarities and differences in TAC-BrAC relationships by HIV status depending on metric. Individual factors including age, race/ethnicity, HIV, and AUDIT score were associated with TAC. Future research should confirm these findings in larger, diverse samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Use and Trajectory Changes in Mnemonic Discrimination Among Older Adult Non-Problem Drinkers","authors":"Marisa Eleanor Mulvey,&nbsp;Samuel Alejandro Torres,&nbsp;Ben Lewis,&nbsp;Sara Jo Nixon","doi":"10.1111/acer.70419","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70419","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Older adults exhibit reduced performance on the mnemonic similarity task (MST), demonstrating greater difficulty distinguishing previously encountered items from highly similar lure stimuli. Whether non-problem alcohol consumption exacerbates these recognition memory deficits in older adults remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred twenty-eight community-dwelling older adult drinkers (65–80 years) completed a continuous recognition version of the MST. Participants were stratified into lower- and higher-risk drinking groups according to National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) guidelines. The task consisted of 4 blocks of 124 trials in which participants classified stimuli as “old” or “new.” Analyses focused on trials requiring discrimination between original items and similar but not identical lures. A mixed-effects logistic regression model examined the effects of drinking group, lure difficulty, block, and their interactions on trial-level accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accuracy increased as lure similarity decreased. No drinking group differences were observed in sensitivity to lure difficulty, indicating comparable performance across lure levels in both groups. A significant lure difficulty × block interaction indicated that improvements across blocks were most pronounced for easier lures. Most notably, however, a significant drinking group × block interaction revealed that performance improved across blocks for both groups, with greater improvement among lower-risk drinkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of non-problem alcohol consumption on recognition memory in older adults were heterogeneous. While drinking status was unrelated to sensitivity to lure difficulty, it was associated with differences in performance trajectories across repeated task exposure. These findings highlight the importance of examining multiple recognition memory components when evaluating the cognitive effects of chronic alcohol use in aging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149042232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Role for Glycine Transporter-2 Inhibitors in Regulating Accumbal Dopamine Levels and Voluntary Alcohol Intake in Rats","authors":"Yasmin Olsson,&nbsp;Klara Danielsson,&nbsp;Ana Domi,&nbsp;Helga Lidö,&nbsp;Linda Engström Ruud,&nbsp;Mia Ericson,&nbsp;Bo Söderpalm","doi":"10.1111/acer.70418","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70418","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glycinergic neurotransmission has been suggested as a tentative pharmacological treatment target for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), a devastating brain disease with limited treatment options that involves reduced dopamine (DA) activity in the nucleus Accumbens (nAc) and loss of control of alcohol intake. Glycine receptors (GlyRs) in the nAc, a pivotal part of the brain reward circuitry, are involved in regulating basal and alcohol-induced accumbal DA levels as well as voluntary alcohol intake in rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study in rats examined if inhibition of the glycine transporter 2 (GlyT-2, SLC6A5), present within glycinergic synapses, alters (1) accumbal DA and glycine content as measured by in vivo microdialysis coupled to HPLC and (2) the alcohol deprivation effect (ADE) in a two-bottle-choice alcohol consumption paradigm. Finally, (3) the presence of GlyT2-expressing fibers and GlyRs in the nAc was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In brief, the two partial GlyT2-inhibitors N-Arachidonyl-Glycine (NAGly, 10 mg/kg i.p.) and Opiranserin (20 mg/kg i.p.), but not the full GlyT2-inhibitor Org 25543, slightly elevated accumbal DA levels, while no effects on extrasynaptic glycine levels were observed. The reversible GlyT1-inhibitor Bitopertin (10 mg/kg p.o.) produced a pronounced glycine and DA elevation but combined GlyT1- and GlyT2 inhibition did not yield any statistically significant additive effects. In the alcohol consumption study, NAGly abolished the ADE as compared to placebo treatment. Finally, histology confirmed the presence of GlyT2 and GlyR in the nAc, although with a higher signal for GlyT2 in, for example, septal and basal forebrain regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, this study indicates that synaptic GlyRs are involved in regulating nAc DA levels and alcohol intake in rats, but probably to a lesser extent than extrasynaptic GlyRs. Further studies that specifically target GlyT2 in, for example, the nAc and septal regions and that utilize refined techniques for measuring synaptic glycine levels are warranted to better characterize the role of glycinergic innervation in the reward circuitry and for regulating alcohol intake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13594685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149018769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syndemic Classes of Unhealthy Alcohol Use Reveal Inequities in Alcohol-Related Consequences and HIV Care Outcomes","authors":"Natalia Van Doren,&nbsp;Michael J. Silverberg,&nbsp;Varada Sarovar,&nbsp;Tory Levine,&nbsp;Alexandra Lea,&nbsp;Stacy A. Sterling,&nbsp;Vanessa A. Palzes,&nbsp;Felicia W. Chi,&nbsp;Andrea H. Kline-Simon,&nbsp;Maha N. Mian,&nbsp;Elena Cyrus,&nbsp;Lunthita M. Duthely,&nbsp;Typhanye Dyer,&nbsp;Angela M. Heads,&nbsp;Michael Horberg,&nbsp;Janice Y. Tsoh,&nbsp;Derek D. Satre","doi":"10.1111/acer.70398","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70398","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unhealthy alcohol use among people with HIV (PWH) often co-occurs with medical and mental health conditions and may negatively impact patient care. We examined syndemic classes of unhealthy alcohol use, substance use and comorbidities and their links to sociodemographic factors, alcohol treatment access, and HIV care outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were 4574 adult PWH in Kaiser Permanente Northern California who reported alcohol use on routine primary care screening between 2013 and 2020 (index date). Latent class analysis identified subgroups based on alcohol use level and co-occurring conditions in the prior year, including smoking, alcohol and other substance use disorders, mental health diagnoses, chronic medical conditions, obesity, insufficient physical activity, and sexually transmitted infections. Age, race/ethnicity, sex, and HIV risk status were examined as predictors of class membership using latent class analysis (LCA) with covariates. HIV outcomes (viral suppression &lt; 200 copies/mL, retention in care) and alcohol treatment in the year post-index (psychotherapy, medication) were compared across classes using Bolck, Croon, and Hagenaars (BCH) three-step procedure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four classes were identified: Heavy Use/Complex Behavioral Multimorbidity, Moderate Use/High Cardiometabolic Burden, Low Use/High Medical Morbidity, and Moderate Use/Low Morbidity. Black and women PWH were more likely to belong to the Moderate Use/High Cardiometabolic Burden class, while men who have sex with men were less likely to belong to the Heavy Use/Complex Behavioral Multimorbidity class. Classes differed in care outcomes: the Low Use/High Medical Morbidity class had the highest HIV care retention and viral suppression; the Heavy Use/Complex Behavioral Multimorbidity class had the highest alcohol treatment receipt; and the Moderate Use/High Cardiometabolic Burden class had the lowest psychotherapy rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Syndemic patterns of alcohol use and multimorbidity among PWH were associated with disparities in HIV outcomes and alcohol treatment. Findings highlight missed opportunities for integrated alcohol and cardiometabolic care and support targeted interventions to improve engagement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70398","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Impairment of Spatial Recognition Memory and Reduced Frontal Corticothalamic Spine Density Following Adolescent Alcohol Consumption","authors":"Grace Qian,&nbsp;Hannah Jarrell,&nbsp;Faith Maxwell,&nbsp;Hernan Mejia-Gomez,&nbsp;Michael C. Salling","doi":"10.1111/acer.70415","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70415","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heavy alcohol use is common during adolescence and is associated with an increased risk of alcohol use disorder and prevalence of residual cognitive deficits, especially in behaviors associated with the latently developing prefrontal cortex (PFC). A major need for advancing our understanding of this relationship is accessible preclinical behavioral batteries that can be used to disassociate the effects of adolescent alcohol on select PFC circuits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study uses a retrograde viral approach to identify PFC projection neurons to the mediodorsal thalamus (MdT), followed by intermittent access to alcohol (IA EtOH) during adolescence on the 2-bottle choice procedure to model voluntary alcohol consumption. Following adolescent IA EtOH or water control, we evaluated performance on a battery of tasks to assess anxiety and cognition. Last, morphological analyses of spine density were performed for PFC-MdT neurons of adolescent IA EtOH and water control mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that compared to water-only controls, male and female mice that voluntarily consumed alcohol during adolescence demonstrate performance deficits in the object-in-place recognition task, without affecting the novel object recognition task, Y-maze alternation, anxiety-like behavior, or locomotion, an outcome consistent with PFC and MdT dysfunction. Morphological assessment of PFC neurons from male and female mice following behavioral tasks found a reduction in spine density in basal and apical, but not oblique dendrites of PFC-MdT neurons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Collectively, these results implicate PFC-to-MdT circuit integrity as a potential substrate for the effects of adolescent alcohol on spatial recognition memory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of a Reported Penicillin Allergy Label With Clinical Outcomes in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease","authors":"Pojsakorn Danpanichkul,&nbsp;Yanfang Pang,&nbsp;Kanyaphak Charnpatanakorn,&nbsp;Preenapun Saokhieo,&nbsp;Ben Thiravetyan,&nbsp;Allan Bueso,&nbsp;Ahmad Anouti,&nbsp;Apichat Kaewdech,&nbsp;Surapon Nochaiwong,&nbsp;Luis Antonio Díaz,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Arab,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Bernstein,&nbsp;Suthat Liangpunsakul","doi":"10.1111/acer.70411","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70411","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Penicillin allergy is commonly reported but often unconfirmed, leading to avoidance of first-line antibiotics. Patients with alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) are particularly vulnerable to infections and hepatic complications; however, the impact of a documented penicillin allergy label on clinical outcomes in this population remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX research network. Adults with ALD were classified by the presence or absence of a documented penicillin allergy label. After 1:1 propensity score matching on demographics, comorbidities, laboratory parameters, and treatments, 2388 patients were included, with 1194 in each cohort. Patients were followed for up to 5 years. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A documented penicillin allergy label was associated with higher risks of sepsis (11.4% vs. 6.4%; HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.16–2.02), pneumonia (8.7% vs. 5.0%; HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.09–2.05), urinary tract infection (11.7% vs. 6.6%; HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.17–2.04), influenza pneumonia (10.7% vs. 6.1%; HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.12–2.04), and alcohol-associated hepatitis (19.0% vs. 13.5%; HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.04–1.55). The association with major adverse liver outcomes was not significant (9.5% vs. 6.9%; HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.89–1.57).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In patients with ALD, a documented penicillin allergy label was associated with several infection-related outcomes and alcohol-associated hepatitis, but not with major adverse liver outcomes. Formal penicillin allergy evaluation may help optimize antibiotic selection in this high-risk population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competitive Bias in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: An Exploration Through the Prisoner's Dilemma Paradigm","authors":"Mado Gautier,&nbsp;Maxime Bertoux,&nbsp;Damien Brevers,&nbsp;Nicolas Vinsous,&nbsp;Pierre Maurage","doi":"10.1111/acer.70410","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70410","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biased social decision-making might play a critical role in interpersonal difficulties and relapse among individuals with severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD), but its exploration remains scarce. We measured social decision-making in SAUD through an ecological iterated prisoner's dilemma paradigm, measuring cooperative versus competitive tendencies during social interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty detoxified patients with SAUD (16 females, mean age = 50.40 years, SD = 9.82) and 40 matched control participants (17 females, mean age = 44.48 years, SD = 12.87) played six iterated prisoner's dilemma games in a laboratory setting, varying according to the type of opponent (computer/human being) and the strategy followed by this opponent (competitive/cooperative/random). We measured the competition rates of participants in each condition as well as their social cognition performance (hostile attribution bias/empathy) and psychological measures [depression/(social) anxiety/impulsivity/interpersonal difficulties]. We assessed relapse at 6-month follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients displayed a competitive bias during prisoner's dilemma games (resulting in higher outcomes) and a less efficient adaptation to their opponent's strategy. Both patients and controls were more competitive toward a computer than a human. We observed no link between the competitive bias of patients with SAUD and their social cognition difficulties. We observed that patients' competitive bias was associated with relapse rates at 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SAUD is characterized by a competitive bias during social decision-making. Such bias, despite leading to more advantageous decisions at the economic level, suggests difficulties in understanding others' intentions and behaving accordingly in social situations, which could favor social difficulties and relapse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis of Hippocampus After Weekly Binge Alcohol Exposure and Voluntary Exercise in Rats","authors":"Erika A. Mehrhoff,&nbsp;Theo Andre,&nbsp;Marissa A. Ehringer,&nbsp;J. Leigh Leasure","doi":"10.1111/acer.70413","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Binge alcohol exposure is associated with neurodegeneration in corticolimbic regions in both humans and animal models. We have previously shown that exercise limits hippocampal damage and neuroimmune activation in rats. Here we conducted a transcriptome analysis in order to elucidate genetic mechanisms underlying the protective influence of exercise on the binged hippocampus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Male and female rats were gavaged once weekly for 5 weeks with 5 g/kg ethanol or isocaloric control solution. Half of the animals had access to running wheels 4 days/week. All animals were euthanized immediately following the final exercise session/c. 18–20 h after the last binge exposure. The hippocampus was microdissected and RNA extracted and sequenced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcription of 806 genes was altered by exercise, but only seven by binge alcohol, most of which were transcription factors. Only one gene, <i>Zfp62</i>, showed evidence for an interaction effect. Direct comparisons within exercised groups showed that exercise altered gene expression only in control (not binge) animals. Gene ontology (GO) analysis identified pathways associated with receptor signaling, namely protein kinase signaling, as differentially impacted by exercise. Deconvolution methods were used to explore gene expression changes in specific cell populations. This analysis indicated that expression differences found in bulk RNA-Seq were not cell-type specific.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that five weekly treatments of binge alcohol minimally alter the hippocampal transcriptome assessed 20 h after the last binge. However, binge ethanol exposure markedly blunted exercise effects on the transcriptome, suggesting future study of this interaction is merited. Deconvolution showed similar patterns, upholding its utility as a supplemental analysis for bulk sequencing studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of an Online Cognitive Screening Tool for FASD: Testing the Equivalence of BRAIN-online to Neuropsychological Assessment Measures","authors":"C. R. Veziris,&nbsp;M. R. Kelm,&nbsp;D. Connely,&nbsp;G. Chockalingham,&nbsp;J. Wozniak,&nbsp;S. N. Mattson","doi":"10.1111/acer.70414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70414","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diagnostic process for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) requires investments in both time and cost. The Brief Assessment of Individual Neurobehavior, online version (BRAIN-online), is a screening tool designed to identify cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with FASD. BRAIN-online is effective in distinguishing individuals with histories of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and FASD; however, criterion validity of this screening tool has not been established. The goal of this study was to evaluate performance on BRAIN-online against gold-standard methods of measuring cognitive functioning (i.e., in-person neuropsychological assessment).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants included 157 children (5–17 y) with (AE; <i>n</i> = 101) and without (CON; <i>n</i> = 56) PAE as part of the Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (CIFASD) Phases 4 and 5. Individuals completed BRAIN-online and underwent a standardized in-person neuropsychological assessment battery; caregivers completed the BRAIN-online Behavior Questionnaire (BBQ) and a standardized behavioral questionnaire. BRAIN-online measures were matched to in-person measures, and scores were assessed for correlation. In addition, equivalence testing was performed on BRAIN-online measures and their parallel in-person measures. To assess clinical utility, neurobehavioral impairment as defined by clinical guidelines for diagnosing FASD was assessed using BRAIN-online and in-person neuropsychological assessment and compared to FASD diagnoses using sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven of the eight BRAIN-online scores were correlated with scores of their corresponding in-person measures, and seven of eight BRAIN-online subtests showed measurement equivalence with parallel in-person neuropsychological assessment measures. BRAIN-online and in-person neuropsychological assessment had similar accuracy rates of classifying FASD, with BRAIN-online having slightly higher sensitivity and slightly lower specificity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BRAIN-online subtests are correlated with and show measurement equivalence with gold-standard measures of cognitive functioning. Therefore, BRAIN-online may have clinical utility in identifying individuals who have symptoms associated with FASD and can benefit from comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}