Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"Social influence increases the value and consumption of alcohol in the laboratory.","authors":"Jack Yates, Benjamin Miller, Alazne Arraztio Cordoba, Jasmine Grace Warren, Michael Batterley, Jessica Catherine Gay, Abigail K Rose, Carl A Roberts, Andrew Jones","doi":"10.1111/acer.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research has demonstrated the perceived value of alcohol is transient in hypothetical social and environmental contexts. This study sought to further expand on this by examining whether the social influence of a confederate and the physical environment could be manipulated to influence the value of alcohol and ad libitum alcohol consumption, and thus provide support for the role of value as a mechanism underlying alcohol use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 140 (90 female, Mean age = 25.81, SD = 14.20, Mean AUDIT = 11.51, SD = 5.38) participants completed a between-subjects 2 (environment: bar labortaory vs. standard unadorned) × 2 (social influence: positive appraisal vs. negative appraisal) design in which they completed a brief assessment of alcohol demand, a concurrent choice task, and a visual analogue scale measuring alcohol value, following a limited drinking session with a confederate in one of two laboratory settings, and then completed an ad libitum bogus taste test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Social influence had a significant effect on intensity index of demand (F (1,133) = 4.74, p = 0.031, ηp² = 0.03) and on ad libitum consumption (F (1,135) = 7.60, p = 0.007, ηp² = 0.05) with positive appraisal having greater intensity scores (Mean = 4.34, SD = 2.80) compared with the negative appraisal (Mean = 3.39, SD = 2.23) and more alcohol consumed (Mean = 221.07 mL, SD = 121.76 vs. Mean = 164.71 mL, SD = 111.80). The intensity index also mediated the relationship between social influence and ad libitum consumption (B = 10.40, 95% Bootstrapped CIs = 0.34 to 23.59). There were no significant main effects of environment and no interactions between social influence and environment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest alcohol value is sensitive to social influence. Increased value as a result of positive alcohol appraisals by others had a significant effect on ad libitum consumption and that the intensity index of demand mediated the relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluations of potential sex differences in alcohol use and problems in 454 offspring from the San Diego Prospective Study.","authors":"Marc A Schuckit, Tom L Smith, George Danko, Hannah N Fisher, Lee Anne Mendoza","doi":"10.1111/acer.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some studies have reported that the course of alcohol problems, including alcohol use disorder (AUD), differs across males and females. In contrast, 30 years ago, we reported that the course of these conditions was quite similar across the sexes in participants in a large collaborative study. This paper reevaluates potential sex differences in alcohol problems using offspring from the recent San Diego Prospective Study (SDPS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Standardized clinical interviews and validated questionnaires were used to evaluate 230 male and 224 female SDPS drinking offspring (median age 26), including 140 males and 96 females with AUD. ANOVA, correlations, regression analyses, and structural equation models were used to evaluate three hypotheses regarding potential sex differences in the course of alcohol use and problems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite changes over recent decades in alcohol use and problems in US populations, especially in females, and differences in demographic characteristics between our current study and our published work in the mid-1990s, the course of alcohol use and of AUDs had many similarities across the sexes. For offspring with AUD, males and females were similar regarding the number of the 11 AUD criteria endorsed, and the proportions reporting experience with nine of the 11 criteria, as well as with their drinking frequencies. After adjustment for probable blood alcohol concentrations per drink, males and females had similar alcohol quantities and levels of response (LRs) to alcohol. In both correlational analyses and structural equation models, the two sexes demonstrated similar relationships of LR to drinking quantities, frequencies, personality characteristics, and alcohol problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data revealed many similarities across the sexes for a wide range of characteristics regarding the course of alcohol-related problems. However, the study population was too young for evaluations of potential differences in patterns of alcohol-related health problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A model of ethanol self-administration in head-fixed mice.","authors":"Amy L Ward, Kion T Winston, Sophie Buchmaier, Cynara J Cooper, Rachel E Clarke, Michael R Martino, Kelsey M Vollmer, Jacqueline E Paniccia, Marcus S Bell, Elizabeth M Doncheck, Roger I Grant, Joshua Boquiren, Jade Baek, Logan M Manusky, Annaka M Westphal, Lisa M Green, Bayleigh E Pagoota, James M Otis, Jennifer A Rinker","doi":"10.1111/acer.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Significant advances in neurotechnology, such as the application of two-photon (2P) imaging of biosensors in vivo, have enabled unparalleled longitudinal and high-resolution access to neural circuits that coordinate behavior in rodents. Integration of these techniques would be groundbreaking for the study of alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD is rooted in significant neural adaptations that could be functionally monitored and manipulated at the single-cell level across the development of dependence in rodents. However, 2P imaging and related methodologies often require or are facilitated by head fixation, and a lack of head-fixed models has hindered their integration for the study of alcohol dependence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a head-fixed model in which animals learned to self-administer ethanol across ~14 days. Active lever responding resulted in a tone cue and ethanol reward, whereas responding on the inactive lever resulted in neither cue nor ethanol reward. Following acquisition, animals extinguished lever pressing across a minimum of 10 days. Finally, animals were tested separately for both cue- and ethanol-induced reinstatement of lever pressing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here we show, for the first time, that in our head-fixed ethanol self-administration model, male and female mice reliably pressed an active, but not inactive, lever for an oral ethanol reward. Ethanol rewards positively correlated with blood ethanol concentrations at pharmacologically relevant levels. Furthermore, mice extinguished ethanol self-administration when the ethanol reward and cue were omitted, suggesting active lever pressing was ethanol-directed. Following extinction, presentation of the ethanol-associated cue or priming with ethanol itself invigorated reinstatement of ethanol seeking, modeling relapse in a manner that replicates decades of work in freely moving rodent studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, our head-fixed ethanol self-administration model will allow for incorporation of novel technologies that require or are greatly facilitated by head fixation, improving our ability to study and understand the neural adaptations and computations that underlie alcohol dependence.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol consumption in P301S mice accelerates gait impairments, modifies aggregation of pathological tau and alters microglia within the hippocampus.","authors":"Nicole M Maphis, Dominic A Furlano, Seth A David, David N Linsenbardt","doi":"10.1111/acer.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excessive alcohol use has emerged as the strongest modifiable risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying neural mechanisms are only beginning to be understood. Recent preclinical work suggests that alcohol consumption may have an impact on many pathologies and phenomena crucial to the development and pathogenesis of AD. However, little attention has been focused on pure tauopathy models to closely examine tau pathogenesis and neuroinflammation within a voluntary alcohol exposure paradigm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We exposed a mouse model of pathological tau (pTau), P301S, to a voluntary alcohol paradigm known as drinking-in-the-dark (DID) for 21 days of voluntary daily alcohol consumption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In P301S mice, moderate alcohol consumption contributed to gait disruptions, acceleration of pTau spread, and enhancement of damage-associated microglia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work identifies key interactions between alcohol and AD-related phenotypes which set the stage for future investigation into the neurobiological mechanisms behind these interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rat models of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders for studying the critical role of cerebellar damage: A scoping review.","authors":"Fátima Nogales, Karick Jotty, Diego Pascual-Vaca, María Del Carmen Gallego-López, Olimpia Carreras, María Luisa Ojeda","doi":"10.1111/acer.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) refers to the neurodevelopmental condition of lifelong cognitive, emotional, and behavioral challenges that can occur in individuals exposed to alcohol before birth. FASD is a preventable, chronic condition with no direct diagnosis and no treatment, and is considered the leading cause of developmental cognitive impairment in Western countries. The best-known effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are those that affect the brain. Among these structures, the cerebellum, a key coordinative tissue, is particularly sensitive to PAE, leading to motor and cognitive disorders. Since 1994, the use of different rat models of FASD has greatly influenced the understanding of the effects of perinatal alcohol exposure on cerebellum development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review of research from the past 30 years to answer an important question for the scientific community: \"Which rat model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) offers the most relevant insights for selecting an appropriate experimental design, specifically for investigating alcohol-induced effects on the cerebellum?\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Considering the unique developmental characteristics of the cerebellum, five developmental time windows have been identified in rats for studying its state after ethanol exposure. In each window, the route and dose of ethanol administration result in different blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages. This information is presented in three tables, which also indicate the type of study conducted: morphological, biochemical, electrophysiological, or behavioral.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The third-trimester equivalent period is the most susceptible to alcohol-induced cerebellar damage and is thus the most widely studied by researchers. More research is needed on the effects of alcohol during lactation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput quantitation of acetaldehyde and ethanol in mice using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry positive chemical ionization.","authors":"Yu-Hong Lin, Cheng Chen, Shoupeng Wei, Guillot Adrien, Bryan Mackowiak, Hongna Pan, Yaojie Fu, Luca Maccioni, Tianyi Ren, Li Zhang, Joseph Hibbeln, Robert Pawlosky, Bin Gao","doi":"10.1111/acer.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acetaldehyde, an immediate ethanol metabolite, mediates many ethanol-induced behavioral effects and is both psychoactive and toxic to animals and humans. Monitoring the kinetics of acetaldehyde using rodent models of alcohol misuse is essential for understanding and managing ethanol-associated diseases. However, quantitation of acetaldehyde in biological specimens after alcohol consumption has been challenging due to its high volatility, relatively low concentrations, and strong reactivity toward biochemical molecules. It was necessary to develop and establish an accurate and high-throughput method to quantitate acetaldehyde and ethanol.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in positive chemical ionization mode coupled with a 111-vial headspace autosampler was employed to quantitate acetaldehyde and ethanol using ²H₄-acetaldehyde and ²H₅-ethanol as internal standards. A multidimensional approach was used to develop the method, including sample collection and processing, instrumental data analysis, optimization, and validation. Blood and tissues collected from genetically modified mouse models and their wild-type counterparts were studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The method was validated and applied to quantitate acetaldehyde and ethanol in blood and tissues from multiple mouse studies on ethanol metabolism. Acetaldehyde and ethanol were well-resolved from chromatographic interferences with linear ranges of 6.25-800 μM for acetaldehyde and 1.25-160 mM for ethanol. Both regression coefficients for calibration curves were >0.999. The within- and between-run precisions for ethanol in plasma, whole blood, and serum were all <5.0%, and for acetaldehyde in plasma and serum were <9.0%, while in whole blood it was 19.2%. Sample throughput was on the order of 60 samples per 15 h daily, with a maximum of 111 per batch.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite some limitations, this validated method proved to be specific, accurate, and reproducible for high-throughput quantitation of acetaldehyde and ethanol in rodent plasma, whole blood, serum, and visceral organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between biological sex and the endocrine stress response following a binge-like dose of alcohol","authors":"Robert M. Anthenelli,&nbsp;Mary J. Miles,&nbsp;Richard Hauger,&nbsp;Marc A. Schuckit,&nbsp;Benjamin S. McKenna","doi":"10.1111/acer.70094","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rates of heavy drinking in the United States are rising faster in young women than in men. When “binged” rapidly, larger amounts of alcohol may activate the sexually dimorphic, limbic-hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (LHPA) stress axis. We examined plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol responses to high-dose alcohol in the lab to determine whether social drinkers exhibited sex-specific stress responses when intoxicated. Given that one-third of young women use hormonal contraceptives (HC), which also might affect stress hormone release, we explored in a post-hoc fashion whether HC use related to LHPA responsivity among women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-one participants (<i>M</i> age = 22.5 ± 1.3 years, 53% women) consumed alcohol (<i>M</i> = 54.7 ± 11.5 gm, sex-adjusted) in a 20% by volume solution over 10 min at 0900 h. Breath alcohol concentration (BrAC), blood pressure, and heart rate readings were obtained serially. Blood samples were obtained at baseline and every 30 min for up to 4 h postconsumption. Repeated measures ANCOVA and area-under-the-curve models tested sex effects in hormones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the sexes having nearly overlapping BrACs (peak = 0.12 gm/dL at 60-min postconsumption) throughout the lab session, men exhibited a significantly elevated plasma ACTH (sex-by-time effect, <i>p</i> = 0.023) and cortisol (<i>p</i> = 0.030) response to high-dose alcohol compared with women. Among the 27 women, a post hoc exploratory analysis found that use of combination (ethinyl estradiol + progestin) oral contraceptive pills (<i>N</i> = 7) was associated with higher baseline and postconsumption levels of cortisol compared with naturally cycling women (<i>N</i> = 11) and women (<i>N</i> = 9) using long-acting reversible contraceptives. However, removing those participants from the analysis did not change the sex-specific results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A person's biological sex relates to the endocrine response to a binge-like drinking episode. Sex differences in LHPA axis reactivity to higher doses of alcohol might influence women's and men's proclivity to develop neuroendocrine tolerance when imbibing the drug more chronically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 8","pages":"1678-1691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early signs of cardiovascular abnormalities in patients with alcohol misuse","authors":"Lisa A. Farinelli,&nbsp;Garrick Sherman,&nbsp;Daria Piacentino,&nbsp;Melanie L. Schwandt,&nbsp;Valerie Espinal Abreu,&nbsp;Diane Cooper,&nbsp;Lorenzo Leggio","doi":"10.1111/acer.70099","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developing integrative screening strategies to improve early identification of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is critical. This study examines cardiovascular parameters and alcohol-related phenotypes associated with two groups of alcohol drinkers: high-risk and low-risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 520 high-risk and 586 low-risk non-smoking alcohol drinkers were analyzed. Generalized linear models analyzed the relationship between AUD-related outcomes (Alcohol Dependence Scale, number of DSM Alcohol Dependence criteria, Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol, Revised, and Penn Alcohol Craving Scale) and cardiovascular measures (mean arterial pressure, heart rate, QTcF, QRSD, and PR intervals, and QRS, P-wave, and T-wave axes). Multiple logistic regression examined associations of sociodemographic and cardiovascular variables with the odds of being a high-risk drinker. Statistically significant cardiovascular variables were retained as explanatory variables in Tweedie regression models for alcohol-related phenotypes. Interaction effects of risk group by cardiovascular measure were included in each model testing the association between cardiovascular parameters and alcohol-related phenotypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were associated with increased odds of high-risk drinking, while greater P-wave axis was associated with increased odds of low-risk drinking. Compared with low-risk drinkers, alcohol outcomes for those who engaged in high-risk drinking were not only significantly greater but also significantly less dependent on MAP and HR variations. The P-wave axis was significantly associated with low-risk drinking; however, it showed no significant association with any other alcohol outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings from this study suggest that MAP, HR, and an abnormal P-wave axis can be useful signals for detecting increasing and potentially harmful alcohol drinking among patients who do not yet meet the threshold for high-risk drinking. Early, objective, and targeted identification can improve the current undertreatment of this population at risk by decreasing the interval between onset of AUD and initial clinical care and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 8","pages":"1704-1715"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and gender-specific correlates of hazardous and binge drinking among Swedish and Finnish older adults","authors":"Wossenseged Birhane Jemberie,&nbsp;Johan Niklasson,&nbsp;Knut Lönnroth,&nbsp;Erika Boman","doi":"10.1111/acer.70098","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol consumption is a leading modifiable risk factor for a range of diseases and social harms globally. Older adults are vulnerable to alcohol-related harms due to physiological changes, multimorbidity, and medication use; however, many older adults continue to drink at high-risk levels. This study examined the prevalence and gender-specific correlates of hazardous and heavy episodic drinking (HED) among Swedish and Finnish community-dwelling older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional data from the 2021/2022 Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA) survey included 11,747 participants aged 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 and 90 years. Missing data were multiple imputed by chained equations. Hazardous drinking was defined as an AUDIT-C score of four or more, and HED was defined as consuming six or more drinks on a single occasion at least monthly. Sociodemographic, psychosocial, functional status, and health-related factors were analyzed using multinomial and logistic regression models, stratified by gender and accounting for regional differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 30.2% (95% CI, 29.0–31.4) of men and 9.8% (95% CI, 9.1–10.6) of women were classified as hazardous drinkers. HED prevalence was 13.0% (95% CI, 12.1–13.9) in men and 2.9% (95% CI, 2.5–3.3) in women. Hazardous drinking and HED in women were associated with higher socioeconomic status and psychosocial stressors, such as depression and bereavement, while functional and health-related factors were significant predictors of problematic alcohol use in men. Across both genders, religious participation was a protective factor, while self-reported cardiovascular disease was associated with increased risk of hazardous drinking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hazardous and are prevalent among older adults in Sweden and Finland with some regional differences, and notable gender differences in associated risk factors. There is a need for interventions that focus on strengthening resilience to psychosocial stressors and provide older adults with clear, consistent health communication about alcohol's harmful effects on cardiovascular and overall health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 8","pages":"1744-1758"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol-induced dysregulation of amygdala circuits and fear extinction: Integrating computational predictions with empirical evidence.","authors":"Yi-Hsin Chiang, Lien-Chung Wei","doi":"10.1111/acer.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Computational models suggest that both acute and chronic alcohol exposure impair fear extinction learning by destabilising amygdala circuitry, yet empirical validation has been limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To synthesise recent circuit manipulation studies with advanced neural network modelling and highlight their joint implications for alcohol induced dysregulation of amygdala circuits, fear extinction, and related comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We review chemogenetic and optogenetic investigations targeting basolateral and central amygdala sub circuits, neuromodulatory systems, and stress hormone pathways, and integrate these findings with attractor network and alternative computational approaches.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Contemporary data corroborate model predictions that chronic intermittent ethanol heightens basolateral amygdala excitability, alters non Hebbian synaptic plasticity, and disrupts medial prefrontal cortex-amygdala communication. These changes elevate fear responses and anxiety like behaviours, mirroring post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) phenotypes. Computational frameworks further explain how stress hormones and developmental timing modulate these effects, offering testable hypotheses for rodent to human translation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By unifying computational and empirical advances, this commentary refines mechanistic understanding of alcohol related fear extinction deficits and underscores the clinical relevance of targeting amygdala circuits in PTSD AUD comorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}