Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"Factors that increase risk for alcohol-induced blackouts in high-intensity drinking young adults.","authors":"Jennifer E Merrill, Holly K Boyle, Roselyn Peterson, Olivia A Belitsos, Mary Beth Miller, Kate B Carey, Kristina M Jackson, Nancy P Barnett","doi":"10.1111/acer.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol-induced blackouts are prospectively associated with negative drinking outcomes. While typically requiring heavy drinking, blackouts are not reported on all heavy drinking events or by all individuals who drink heavily. This study extends previous research by identifying the young adults most likely to experience blackouts assessed prospectively. Hypotheses focused on previously supported (female sex, White race, younger age, family history of alcohol problems, lower subjective response to alcohol, and higher tolerance) and novel predictors (possible traumatic brain injury; TBI) of alcohol-induced blackouts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Young adults (n = 203, 57% female, M_age = 22.07) recruited for high-intensity drinking (8/10+ drinks/occasion for females/males) completed a baseline survey and a 28-day ecological momentary assessment protocol. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to test between-person predictors of fragmentary (temporary) or en bloc (permanent) blackout likelihood during the 28 days, and moderators of the effect of day-level estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC) on blackout likelihood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Controlling for event-level and average eBAC, both types of blackouts were more likely among those with higher subjective response to alcohol. Fragmentary blackouts were more likely among younger participants and those with possible prior TBI. Day-level eBAC was more strongly associated with both types of blackouts among non-Hispanic White participants and those with lower mean eBACs. Day-level eBAC was most strongly associated with fragmentary blackouts among those with a first-order family history of alcohol problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Younger age and greater sensitivity to alcohol may confer risk for blackouts above and beyond intoxication levels. Future work is needed to understand mechanisms that explain why these factors confer risk for blackouts.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered activity within the social behavior neural network in adolescent rats following prenatal alcohol exposure and/or early-life adversity.","authors":"Parker J Holman, Linda Ellis, Amanda Chao, Cecilia Mitchell, Charlis Raineki, Joanne Weinberg","doi":"10.1111/acer.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social behavior relies on the dynamic, complex, and coordinated activity of a highly conserved \"social behavior neural network,\" which includes the olfactory bulb (OB), piriform cortex (PCX), lateral septum, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), amygdala, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), and ventral hippocampus. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is known to disrupt social behavior development, leading to lifelong social functioning impairments. Individuals with PAE are at heightened risk of experiencing early-life adversity (ELA), which independently affects social behavior development; however, little is known about the combined effects of PAE and ELA on social behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We previously demonstrated that PAE and ELA impact social recognition memory throughout adolescence; here, we combine animal models of PAE and ELA to gain insight into both independent and interactive effects of these insults on social behavior network neural activity in both early and late adolescent male and female rats. We measured neural activity (c-fos mRNA expression) across the network following social recognition memory testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicate that both PAE and ELA are associated with altered neural activity in regions supporting social recognition memory, notably the OB, PCX, mPFC, amygdala, and PVN. The direction of these effects and specific regions impacted vary by sex and age at assessment. Importantly, different brain areas exhibit distinct sensitivities to each type of insult, with PAE generally resulting in hypoactivity of the amygdala and ELA altering mPFC activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data contribute to a more complete social neurobehavioral profile, accounting for both PAE and ELA, to support earlier diagnoses and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of alcohol influence on fear conditioning: A computational model","authors":"Adam Lonnberg,&nbsp;Marian L. Logrip,&nbsp;Alexey Kuznetsov","doi":"10.1111/acer.70071","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A connection between stress-related illnesses and alcohol use disorders is extensively documented. Fear conditioning is a standard procedure used to study stress learning and links it to the activation of amygdala circuitry. However, the connection between the changes in amygdala circuitry and function induced by alcohol and fear conditioning is not well established.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We introduce a computational model to test the mechanistic relationship between amygdala functional and circuit adaptations during fear conditioning and the impact of acute vs. repeated alcohol exposure. Using firing rate formalism, the model generates electrophysiological and behavioral responses in fear conditioning protocols via plasticity of amygdala inputs. The influence of alcohol is modeled by accounting for known modulation of connections within amygdala circuits, which consequently affect plasticity. Thus, the model connects the electrophysiological and behavioral experiments. We hypothesize that alterations within amygdala circuitry produced by alcohol cause abnormal plasticity of amygdala inputs such that fear extinction is slower to achieve and less robust.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In accordance with prior experimental results, both acute and prior repeated alcohol decrease the speed and robustness of fear extinction in our simulations. The model predicts that, first, the delay in fear extinction caused by alcohol is mostly induced by greater activation of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) after fear acquisition due to alcohol-induced modulation of synaptic weights. Second, both acute and prior repeated alcohol shift the amygdala network away from the robust extinction regime by inhibiting activity in the central amygdala (CeA). Third, our model predicts that fear memories formed during acute or after chronic alcohol are more connected to the context.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The model suggests how circuit changes induced by alcohol may affect fear behaviors and provides a framework for investigating the involvement of multiple neuromodulators in this neuroadaptive process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 6","pages":"1233-1247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on \"A randomized controlled trial of native CHOICES: Impact on alcohol-exposed pregnancy (AEP) risk reduction among American Indian and Alaska Native women\" by Hanson and colleagues.","authors":"Danielle E Parrish, Kirk von Sternberg, Mary M Velasquez","doi":"10.1111/acer.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the highly prevalent East Asian ALDH2 null variant magnify adverse effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on child development? A commentary","authors":"Chloe Slaney,&nbsp;George Davey Smith","doi":"10.1111/acer.70070","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70070","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;That maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy may lead to adverse consequences for the offspring is well known, but it is less widely recognized that this problem may be magnified substantially in East Asian countries due to the high prevalence of &lt;i&gt;ALDH2&lt;/i&gt; null variation. The paper by Miyake et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;) in this journal leveraged data from a large Japanese population-based cohort to investigate the joint associations of maternal alcohol use during pregnancy and maternal genotype on offspring development. We provide context for this study, highlight what we think is its critical finding and key questions that still need to be addressed before considering the potentially serious public health implications of this work.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Maternal alcohol use during pregnancy is associated with many adverse offspring outcomes (e.g., impaired neurodevelopment, facial dysmorphology, birth defects, growth deficiency) (Popova et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). These are broadly captured under the umbrella term fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) at the severe end. However, like many conditions, FAS and FASD likely reflect continua, with their presentation and severity likely influenced by variable alcohol use, for example, timing and dose. FASD is associated with increased mortality (mean life expectancy for FAS individuals is 34 years old) and has severe social and economic consequences (Popova et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Despite being preventable, FASD affects &gt;1% of the population in 76 countries (Popova et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;), with estimated prevalence rates mirroring rates of maternal alcohol use during pregnancy (Popova et al., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). For example, in East and Southeast Asia, maternal drinking during pregnancy (South Korea [21.4%], Cambodia [15.4%], Vietnam [12.0%], Japan [8.0%] and China [6.5%]) mirrors prevalence of FAS (per 10,000 births: 31.8, 22.8, 17.7, 11.8 and 9.6, respectively) (Popova et al., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Importantly, prevalence rates of both FASD and alcohol use during pregnancy are likely under-estimated. Factors which may contribute to under-estimation include challenges in diagnosing FASD, under-reporting of alcohol use (e.g., due to recall error and stigma), and unintentional drinking during pregnancy (due to unawareness of pregnancy early on). The latter is important considering that, across these East and Southeast Asian countries, estimates of women drinking have increased: current drinkers (1%–20% more in 2017 than 1990; using an inclusive definition of “any alcohol use in the past 12 months”) and heavy drinkers (3%–8% more in 2017 than 1990; excluding Japan, in which this decreased) (Manthey et al., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Crucially, although FASD is caused by alcohol use during pregnancy, only a proportion of children who experience prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) develop FASD. Identifying factors in addition to dose and duration of maternal alcohol consumption","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 6","pages":"1192-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual cycle phase affects alcohol impairment of working memory","authors":"William J. McGarrigle,&nbsp;Annie K. Griffith,&nbsp;Michelle M. Martel,&nbsp;Mark T. Fillmore","doi":"10.1111/acer.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Behavioral endocrinology studies in women suggest that higher circulating levels of the ovarian sex hormone estradiol (E2) may be linked to better working memory performance, especially under conditions of cognitive impairment (e.g., age-related cognitive decline). Phases of the menstrual cycle characterized by different levels of E2 may therefore influence the degree to which women are vulnerable to the acute impairing effect of alcohol on working memory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study used a within-subjects design to test the hypothesis that women are less sensitive to acute alcohol-induced impairment of working memory during the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (when E2 is elevated) compared to the early follicular phase (when E2 is low). A sample of 75 premenopausal women completed two placebo-controlled alcohol administration sessions during the early and late follicular phases, respectively. At both sessions, participants completed an <i>N</i>-Back visual letter task of working memory first following placebo, then again 60 min after consuming a controlled dose of 0.6 g/kg alcohol.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Working memory performance was impaired under alcohol relative to placebo at both the early and late follicular phases of the menstrual cycle. However, as predicted, the magnitude of this impairment was significantly less pronounced during the late versus early follicular phases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women are less vulnerable to the acute impairing effect of alcohol at the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle when ovulation occurs, possibly as a function of heightened levels of circulating E2. Considered in the context of the broader literature, these findings provide novel evidence to suggest that specific phases of the menstrual cycle may differentially affect women's sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol on particular cognitive functions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 5","pages":"960-969"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the moment-to-moment association between drinking and problems: The moderating role of emotional functioning","authors":"Noah N. Emery,&nbsp;Hannah A. Carlon,&nbsp;Kyle J. Walters,&nbsp;Sara Mei,&nbsp;Angelina Sung,&nbsp;Angelica DeFalco,&nbsp;Susi Baumgardner,&nbsp;Maggie J. Mataczynski,&nbsp;Mark A. Prince","doi":"10.1111/acer.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Though the link between alcohol use and alcohol-related problems is intuitive, meta-analyses show that drinking explains &lt;20% of the variance in problems. This suggests that other factors play an important role in when and for whom drinking leads to problems. Moreover, most research in this area has relied on either cross-sectional data or macrolongitudinal methods (e.g., 3-month follow-up). This study aimed to examine the moment-to-moment association between drinking and problems, and whether positive and negative affect moderated the strength of this within-person relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected using ecological momentary assessment from a college student sample exhibiting hazardous drinking patterns (<i>n</i> = 160, observations = 4980). Momentary positive and negative affect were examined as within-person moderators. Person-level averages of positive and negative affect as well as trait savoring (i.e., ability to hold on to positive emotions–shown to be protective against problems) were examined as cross-level moderators of this effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed that drinking at the previous moment was strongly associated with reporting more problems at the next moment (<i>IRR </i><i>=</i> 1.74), and higher-than-average levels of negative affect at the previous moment strengthened this moment-to-moment relationship (<i>IRR </i><i>=</i> 1.28). Average positive affect exhibited a cross-level interaction with the moment-to-moment link between drinking and problems (<i>IRR </i><i>=</i> 0.69) such that those with lower-than-average positive affect overall had a stronger association between drinking at the previous moment and the number of problems reported at the next moment. Trait savoring was inversely related to problems (<i>IRR </i><i>=</i> 0.74), and average negative affect was positively associated with problems (<i>IRR </i>= 1.27).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that affect can exacerbate or buffer the moment-to-moment relationship between alcohol use and problems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 5","pages":"1126-1138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When less is more: How attentiveness impacts the efficacy of online personalized feedback interventions for college student alcohol use","authors":"Dahyeon Kang,&nbsp;Scott Graupensperger,&nbsp;Marilyn Piccirillo,&nbsp;Melissa Lewis,&nbsp;Katherine T. Foster,&nbsp;Mary E. Larimer","doi":"10.1111/acer.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Personalized feedback-based interventions for reducing high-risk alcohol use among college students vary in length and intensity. Comprehensive multicomponent personalized feedback interventions (PFIs) include more material and have greater intensity compared to briefer, single-component interventions such as personalized normative feedback (PNF). However, while PFIs may offer more comprehensive support, their lengthiness can potentially reduce attention and engagement with the intervention content, impacting their overall efficacy. This study examines how attentiveness—the degree to which participants engage with and process the intervention material—differs between single- and multicomponent interventions and how this variation moderates the efficacy of PFIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A secondary analysis of a longitudinal randomized clinical trial was conducted, involving 1137 undergraduates reporting past-month heavy episodic drinking (63% female; mean age = 20.1 years). Assessments occurred at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months postintervention, with primary outcomes including drinks per week and negative alcohol-related consequences. Intervention conditions included (a) assessment-only control (AOC), (b) multicomponent PFI, and (c) single-component PNFs. Generalized linear mixed models were used to evaluate attentiveness as a moderator of treatment efficacy across multicomponent PFI, single-component PNFs, and AOC conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis detected significantly higher attentiveness levels in single-component PNFs compared to the multicomponent PFI (<i>b</i> = 0.35, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). A three-way interaction (Time × Condition × Attentiveness) indicated that the efficacy of multicomponent PFI versus AOC on drinks per week was only significant for those reporting moderate-to-high attentiveness levels, not for those with low attentiveness. When comparing multicomponent PFI to single-component PNF, multicomponent PFI outperformed single-component PNF only when attentiveness was high; conversely, when attentiveness was low, single-component PNF outperformed multicomponent PFI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the simplicity of PNF allows for easy implementation with minimal cognitive effort, multicomponent PFI demonstrates greater efficacy potential, particularly when comprehended thoroughly. Future research could explore strategies to enhance attentiveness with multicomponent PFI, such as sequential delivery across multiple sessions to optimize its benefits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 5","pages":"1139-1148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subgroups of anxiety and depression trajectories during early abstinence in alcohol use disorder","authors":"Manesh Gopaldas,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Flook,&nbsp;Nick Hayes,&nbsp;Margaret M. Benningfield,&nbsp;Jennifer Urbano Blackford","doi":"10.1111/acer.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Symptoms of anxiety and depression are common during early abstinence and can precipitate relapse. Previous studies show that, on average, anxiety and depression symptoms are typically elevated at treatment intake and decline rapidly during the first month. However, alcohol use disorder (AUD) is clinically heterogeneous, and it remains unknown whether there are distinct subgroups in the trajectories of anxiety and depression symptoms or whether all individuals show the characteristic decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to identify and characterize anxiety and depression trajectories in a large sample (<i>n</i> = 1005) of individuals with AUD during early abstinence. Deidentified electronic medical record data were obtained from a community substance use treatment program. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed weekly using the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales, respectively. Latent growth curve analyses were used to identify subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three subgroups were identified for both anxiety and depression trajectories: low, high, and sustained. The low trajectory subgroup comprised the majority of individuals (73% for anxiety, 70% for depression) and showed rapid symptom reduction. The high trajectory symptom subgroup (22% for anxiety, 24% for depression) showed a slower decrease in symptoms. In comparison, the sustained trajectory symptom subgroup (5% for anxiety, 6% for depression) maintained high reported symptoms throughout treatment. The three trajectory subgroups differed in age, sex, co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders, and PTSD symptom severity scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings provide strong evidence for subtypes based on anxiety and depression symptom trajectories in early abstinence. Early identification of individuals in the sustained trajectory subgroup could improve treatment outcomes and reduce relapse risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 5","pages":"1086-1096"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of topiramate's effects on heavy alcohol use","authors":"Christal N. Davis,&nbsp;Zeal Jinwala,&nbsp;Amy C. Justice,&nbsp;Christopher T. Rentsch,&nbsp;Henry R. Kranzler","doi":"10.1111/acer.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Topiramate reduces alcohol consumption in individuals who drink heavily. Candidate gene studies aimed at identifying genetic variants that predict topiramate's effects on drinking have yielded inconsistent findings. To identify genetic variation associated with treatment response, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) among participants in the Million Veteran Program (MVP) who initiated topiramate treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using electronic health records, we identified individuals who were dispensed topiramate for at least 60 days for any indication (i.e., the index event). Alcohol consumption was assessed using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) scores during the year prior to topiramate exposure (pre index) and at least 60 days after initiating topiramate but within 6 months of drug discontinuation (post index). The final GWAS sample included 8386 individuals who reported alcohol consumption (i.e., AUDIT-C score &gt; 0) during the preceding year. We calculated polygenic scores (PGS) for topiramate treatment response in the Yale-Penn sample (<i>n</i> = 10,275) and examined associations with 692 phenotypes using a phenome-wide association study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis, 35 loci had suggestive associations, though none reached genome-wide significance. Topiramate response PGS had nominally significant associations with lower rates of alcohol-related liver disease, older age at alcohol use disorder diagnosis, and higher frequency of alcohol use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although no loci reached genome-wide significance, the suggestive variants identified in the cross-ancestry meta-analysis are promising candidates for future investigation. Larger studies are needed to identify significant genetic predictors of topiramate response and advance precision medicine strategies for treating AUD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 6","pages":"1197-1205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}