Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"Repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol consumption and abstinence alter neuropeptide mRNA in prefrontal and insular cortex, amygdala, and lateral hypothalamus of male and female C57BL/6J mice","authors":"Anne M. Dankert,&nbsp;Thomas L. Kash,&nbsp;Todd E. Thiele","doi":"10.1111/acer.15536","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15536","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Binge drinking is a risky pattern of alcohol (ethanol) consumption associated with a variety of negative outcomes, including the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Many neuropeptide systems are thought to become dysregulated in AUD; however, whether repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol consumption and abstinence following binge-like drinking alter neuropeptide mRNA in key brain regions, such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), insular cortex (IC), amygdala, and lateral hypothalamus (LH), remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Male and female mice underwent 0, 3, or 6 cycles of binge-like ethanol consumption using the “Drinking in the Dark” (DID) paradigm. Brain tissue was collected either immediately following the final session of DID or after a 24-h period of abstinence, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to assess how repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol intake and abstinence alter relative mRNA expression for 22 neuropeptide-related targets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We observed that repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol consumption and abstinence altered relative mRNA expression for 11 targets in the mPFC, five targets in the IC, eight targets in the amygdala, and two targets in the LH. Two of these alterations were specific to female mice, while one was specific to male mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These data suggest that neuropeptide mRNA is altered by repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol intake and abstinence in a brain region and sex-dependent manner. The current findings provide a useful foundation from which to explore potential targets to decrease binge-like ethanol consumption and prevent the development of AUD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 3","pages":"573-586"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early life stress paired with adolescent alcohol consumption reduces two-bottle choice alcohol consumption in mice","authors":"Thomas W. Perry,&nbsp;Harrison M. Carvour,&nbsp;Amanda N. Reichert,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Sneddon,&nbsp;Charlotte A. E. G. Roemer,&nbsp;Ying Ying Gao,&nbsp;Kristen M. Schuh,&nbsp;Natalie A. Shand,&nbsp;Jennifer J. Quinn,&nbsp;Anna K. Radke","doi":"10.1111/acer.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In humans, early life stress (ELS) is associated with an increased risk for developing both alcohol use disorder (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We previously used an infant footshock model in rats that produces stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL) and increases aversion-resistant alcohol drinking to explore this shared predisposition. The goal of the current study was to test the viability of this procedure as a model of comorbid PTSD and AUD in male and female C57BL/6J mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute ELS was induced using 15 footshocks on postnatal day (PND) 17. In adulthood, alcohol drinking behavior was tested in one of three two-bottle choice drinking paradigms. In continuous access, mice were given 24 h access to 5% and 10% ethanol and water for five consecutive drinking sessions each. In limited access drinking in the dark, mice were given 2 h of access to 15% ethanol and water across 15 sessions 3 h into the dark cycle. In intermittent access, mice were presented with 20% ethanol and water Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, for four consecutive weeks. In a fifth week of intermittent access drinking, increasing concentrations of quinine (10, 100, and 200 mg/L) were added to the ethanol to test aversion-resistant drinking. Intermittent access drinking was tested with and without a period of adolescent drinking (PND 35).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infant footshock did not alter drinking in the continuous or limited access tasks. In the intermittent access task, adult consumption and preference were lower in shocked mice when adolescent drinking was included. Aversion resistance was greater in females following infant footshock and adolescent drinking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results demonstrate that ELS, in the form of infant footshock on PND 17, must be followed by a period of adolescent drinking to affect adult alcohol consumption in mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 3","pages":"678-691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The eyes have it: Alcohol-induced eye movement impairment and perceived impairment in older adults with and without alcohol use disorder","authors":"Nathan Didier,&nbsp;Dingcai Cao,&nbsp;Andrea C. King","doi":"10.1111/acer.15509","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15509","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While alcohol has been shown to impair eye movements in young adults, little is known about alcohol-induced oculomotor impairment in older adults with longer histories of alcohol use. Here, we examined whether older adults with chronic alcohol use disorder (AUD) exhibit more acute tolerance than age-matched light drinkers (LD), evidenced by less alcohol-induced oculomotor impairment and perceived impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two random-order, double-blinded laboratory sessions with administration of alcohol (0.8 g/kg) or placebo. Participants (<i>n</i> = 117; 55 AUD, 62 LD) were 40–65 years of age. Eye tracking outcomes (pupil size, smooth pursuit gain, pro- and anti-saccadic velocity, latency, and accuracy) were measured at baseline and repeated at peak and declining breath alcohol intervals. Participants rated their perceived impairment during rising and declining intervals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following alcohol consumption, older adults with AUD (vs. LD) showed less impairment on smooth pursuit gain and reported lower perceived impairment, but both groups showed similar pupil dilation and impairment on saccadic measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While alcohol impaired older adults with AUD less than LD in terms of their ability to track a predictably moving object (i.e., smooth pursuit), both drinking groups were equally sensitive to alcohol-induced delays in reaction time, reductions in velocity, and deficits in accuracy to randomly appearing objects (i.e., saccade tasks). Thus, despite decades of chronic excessive drinking, older adults with AUD exhibited similar oculomotor tolerance on pro- and anti-saccade eye movements relative to their light-drinking counterparts. Given that these individuals also perceived less impairment during intoxication, they may be at risk for injury and harm when they engage in real-life drinking bouts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"437-447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planned versus unplanned alcohol and cannabis use: Motivational and contextual correlates among sexual minority women and gender diverse individuals","authors":"Christina Dyar,&nbsp;Julia Curtis,&nbsp;Anne M. Fairlie","doi":"10.1111/acer.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unplanned alcohol use has been theorized to contribute to experiencing more consequences at the daily level, and several risk factors have been identified in the general population. However, it remaines unclear whether these risk factors apply to sexual and gender minorities (SGM); if unique risk factors for substance use among SGM (e.g., microaggressions) are associated with elevated risk for unplanned alcohol or cannabis use; and if risk factors for unplanned drinking also apply to unplanned cannabis use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to address these gaps by examining differences between planned and unplanned alcohol and cannabis use in motives, contexts of use, and SGM-specific factors at the daily level among 380 sexual minority women and gender diverse individuals assigned female at birth using daily diary data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although unplanned alcohol and cannabis use were associated with lighter use, unplanned cannabis use was associated with more consequences. Social and enhancement motives and drinking with other SGM were linked to a lower likelihood of unplanned alcohol use, while conformity motives were associated with a higher likelihood of unplanned alcohol use. Microaggressions and coping motives were not associated with unplanned alcohol or cannabis use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results demonstrated differences in motivational and contextual factors associated with unplanned alcohol compared to cannabis use and identified one SGM-specific correlate. Future research should continue to explore factors that contribute to unplanned cannabis use days being associated with more consequences even in the absence of heavier use on unplanned days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 3","pages":"609-618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of length of stay in a short-term inpatient residential addiction treatment facility","authors":"Jessica L. Bourdon,&nbsp;Sabrina Verdecanna,&nbsp;Jordan Wright,&nbsp;Nehal P. Vadhan,&nbsp;Monica F. Wright,&nbsp;Jon Morgenstern","doi":"10.1111/acer.15508","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15508","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a gap in the extant literature regarding length of stay (LOS) in short-term inpatient addiction treatment facilities. Furthermore, there is a lack in focus on treatment factors which may be better indicators for positive patient outcomes than demographic profiles. The current study sought to examine modifiable correlates of LOS within a short-term inpatient residential facility to extend LOS and improve patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>N</i> = 792 participants who completed a baseline assessment and either completed treatment or left against clinical advice were included in the sample. Outcomes of interest were self-efficacy (domains included negative affect, pro-social or positive use, physical discomfort, withdrawal, or urges), well-being (domains included symptom distress, interpersonal relations, and social role), and social network size.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline dysfunctional social role, larger social network size, and higher alcohol use disorder (AUD) severity all led to increases in LOS. No aspects of self-efficacy, symptom distress, interpersonal relatedness, substance use disorder (SUD) severity, nor other demographic variables were associated with LOS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the importance of taking steps to improve self-perceived social role and social network size. Given that the purpose of this study was to determine modifiable correlates of LOS, we suggest that clinicians at inpatient, short-term addiction treatment centers adopt thorough measures of well-being and social network to support patient treatment and recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"427-436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking gender differences: An investigation of comorbid psychopathology and alcohol use disorder in veterans","authors":"William H. Craft,&nbsp;Claudia B. Padula","doi":"10.1111/acer.15505","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15505","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While men have been found to drink more alcohol and have higher rates of alcohol-related mortality, women tend to experience higher rates of alcohol-related consequences, including psychological comorbidities and worse alcohol use disorder (AUD) outcomes. However, gender differences in comorbid psychopathology and associations with AUD outcomes among veterans are less well understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Veterans (<i>N</i> = 126; 32 women) receiving inpatient treatment for AUD completed baseline clinical measures including the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Early Life Stress Questionnaire, and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. Alcohol use was assessed with the Timeline Followback for the 90 days prior to the baseline assessment and again at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups. Gender differences in baseline alcohol and psychopathology measures were examined using Fisher's exact test and Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> test. Linear/logistic regression was used to examine associations between comorbid psychopathology and alcohol relapse/use severity post-study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consistent with prior literature, statistically significant gender differences in psychopathology were observed, with women reporting higher anxiety (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), depression (<i>p</i> = 0.001), early life stress (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and PTSD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) at baseline. Higher early life stress was also associated with higher anxiety, depression, and PTSD. Statistically significant gender differences were not observed for alcohol use in the 90 days prior to the study. Similarly, gender was not associated with relapse or severity of use at 1-, 3-, or 6-month follow ups (<i>p</i>s &gt; 0.05). Psychopathology measures were not associated with relapse or severity of use at any time point (<i>p</i>s &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study highlights that women veterans are drinking similar quantities of alcohol to men, supporting emerging evidence of a narrowing gender gap in alcohol use. Women also have a higher psychiatric burden than men; thus, identifying ways to mitigate comorbidity among women veterans should be a health priority.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"418-426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating sex and line differences in successive negative contrast and ethanol consumption using alcohol preferring and high alcohol drinking rats","authors":"Nicholle E. Smith,&nbsp;Cristine L. Czachowski","doi":"10.1111/acer.15535","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15535","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The loss of a job or relationship are a couple of examples of unexpected reward loss. Life events, such as these can induce negative emotional reactions (e.g., anxiety and stress), which have been associated with increased alcohol consumption and in turn, an increased risk of developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD). The present study analyzed consummatory successive negative contrast (SNC) for the first time in alcohol preferring (P) and high alcohol drinking (HAD) rats that have been selectively bred to consume high amounts of ethanol. Following reward loss, animals were given free access to ethanol to determine whether consumption would increase as a possible indication of any negative emotional reaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Male and female P and HAD rats were split into shifted and unshifted groups receiving either 32% or 4% sucrose for 5 min across 10 preshift days. Subsequently, all animals received 4% sucrose for four postshift days, across which, animals were given access to 20% ethanol for 30 min after access to 4% sucrose.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Male and female P rats demonstrated a longer contrast effect than HAD rats, indicated by a longer recovery time following the downshift in reward. Conversely, HAD males did not demonstrate a contrast effect following this downshift in reward unlike their female counterparts. Surprisingly, P rats who experienced a loss of reward consumed significantly less ethanol than animals who did not. Lastly, individual measure of contrast size, or shift ratio, was significantly associated with greater ethanol consumption in HAD males only, who did not display a contrast effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These data indicate different reactivity to SNC between these two lines and sexes, suggesting different genetic and sex-related mechanisms underlying sensitivity to an unexpected loss of reward and ethanol consumption following this loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 3","pages":"526-538"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol-induced liver injury is mediated via α4-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in hepatocytes","authors":"Jeffrey D. Ritzenthaler,&nbsp;Abigail Ekuban,&nbsp;Benjamin Horsman,&nbsp;Jesse Roman,&nbsp;Walter H. Watson","doi":"10.1111/acer.15533","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15533","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our previous study demonstrated that alcohol induced the expression of the α4 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the livers of wild type mice (WT), and that whole-body α4 nAChR knockout mice (α4KO) showed protection against alcohol-induced steatosis, inflammation, and injury. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that hepatocyte-specific α4 nAChRs may directly contribute to the detrimental effects of alcohol on the liver.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatocyte-specific α4 knockout mice (α4HepKO) were generated, and the absence of α4 nAChR was confirmed through PCR of genomic DNA. Female WT and α4HepKO mice were exposed to alcohol in the NIAAA chronic + binge model. After 10 days on the Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet containing 5% (vol/vol) alcohol or isocaloric maltose-dextrin, the mice were gavaged with a single dose of alcohol or isocaloric maltose-dextrin. The mice were euthanized 9 h later and their organs harvested. Additionally, hepatocytes were isolated from WT, α4HepKO, α4floxed, and α4KO mice and exposed to 80 mM alcohol in vitro for 24 h. Steatosis, inflammation, and cell injury were assessed in both liver and isolated hepatocytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In WT mice, alcohol exposure resulted in hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and injury as evidenced by increased liver triglycerides, neutrophil infiltration, and serum concentrations of liver enzymes. All of these responses were markedly lower in α4HepKO mice. mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis (<i>Srebf1</i>, <i>Fasn</i>, and <i>Dgat2</i>) and inflammation (<i>TNFα</i>, <i>Cxcl5</i>, <i>Cxcl1</i>, and <i>Serpine1</i>) were increased in the livers of WT mice exposed to alcohol in vivo and in WT hepatocytes exposed to alcohol in vitro. These changes were not observed in liver or hepatocytes from mice lacking α4 nAChRs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>α4 nAChRs expressed in hepatocytes mediate alcohol-associated hepatoxicity. Therefore, the development of therapeutic strategies targeting hepatocyte α4-containing nAChRs could help reduce the burden of ALD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 3","pages":"515-525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Articles of Public Interest","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/acer.15530","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15530","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;How much alcohol a person drinks is strongly linked to how much their peers drink—and not just among teens and young adults. A new study of mature adults, published in &lt;i&gt;Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research&lt;/i&gt;, has found that adults’ social connections influence a person's drinking, both contemporaneously and over time. And, an individual's social network is more influential in changing their drinking behavior over time than other factors, such as their occupation or smoking. The study highlights the importance of understanding social connections in order to design interventions for mature adults who drink heavily. Prior studies have found that peer pressure, family dynamics, and social environment play a critical role in whether adolescents begin and continue to engage in substance use. However, there have been fewer studies of factors contributing to drinking among mature adults, who have more alcohol-related health risks and different social environments, stressors, and coping behaviors than teens and young adults. The current study sought to fill this gap in the research by examining how the drinking behaviors of adults with an average age of 55 years old related to factors such as smoking and their perceived job prestige, as well as the drinking behaviors of their peers. All of the study's analyses of social networks found that, for mature adults, the social environment plays a crucial role in influencing individual drinking behavior. Individual drinking was highly correlated with the contemporaneous drinking behavior of their peers, and, over time, their drinking behavior both influences and is influenced by their social network. People who drank more were more likely to show an increase over time in the proportion of connections with those who drink heavily, while those who drank less showed an increase over time in the proportion of connections who abstain from alcohol. Those who had an increase in the number of heavy drinking connections increased their drinking over time, while those who had an increase in the number of friends or family who abstained from alcohol drank less over time. The study found that higher perceived job prestige tended to be associated with more regular drinking, fewer connections who abstain from alcohol, and less smoking. However, there were no clear associations over time between smoking habits, job prestige, and drinking, suggesting that the social environment is a more influential factor in modifying drinking behavior than smoking or socioeconomic status. Data for this study came from the Framingham Heart Study, an ongoing longitudinal study that began in 1948. Researchers analyzed self-reported information about drinking and smoking behaviors. Social connections consisted of friendships, familial ties, and individuals living at the same address, as obtained through self-report and municipal data. The 30 years of data used for this study were collected between 1971 and 2003, so they may not apply","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15530","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"List of 2024 reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/acer.15507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.15507","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drs. Michael Miles, Laura Nagy, Tammy Chung, and Howard Becker with the Board of Field Editors and the Editorial Office of <i>Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research</i> would like to express gratitude to the following investigators who have reviewed manuscripts submitted to the Journal for publication from October 1, 2023, through September 30, 2024. It is the rigor of the peer review process that ultimately determines the quality of the Journal. Your continued support of the Journal is greatly appreciated.</p><p>We apologize if any reviewer has been inadvertently omitted from the list. Please let us know, as we intend to publish an addendum as necessary.\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"256-266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}