Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"Attentional Bias During a Novel Alcohol Cue Virtual Reality Paradigm","authors":"Ryan M. Sullivan,&nbsp;Benjamin S. McKenna,&nbsp;Weichen Liu,&nbsp;Arwynn McKinty,&nbsp;Camarin Laurance,&nbsp;Craig R. Rush,&nbsp;Nadir Weibel,&nbsp;Kelly E. Courtney","doi":"10.1111/acer.70386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70386","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Attentional bias to alcohol cues is largely investigated using pictorial cues (i.e., two-dimensional images). The addition of eye-tracking metrics has improved these investigations yet are limited by a lack of naturalistic cues. Virtual reality (VR) can theoretically improve ecological validity through three-dimensional alcohol object presentation while utilizing eye-tracking metrics. This report sought to test the construct validity of the Alcohol Cue VR paradigm in evoking subjective craving and attentional bias through measurement of eye-gaze characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>n</i> = 105, 53% male, M_age = 38), with varying alcohol use histories, underwent the Alcohol Cue VR paradigm, an alcohol visual probe task, and measures of alcohol craving and VR-related assessments. The Alcohol Cue VR paradigm comprised of three active scenes with alcohol cues present, and three neutral scenes devoid of alcohol cues. Eye-gaze fixation time (index of “attentional bias”) in response to alcohol and control cues was recorded. Forward-stepwise models searched for optimal alcohol-related predictors of attentional bias, then compared against eye-tracking and response time metrics from the alcohol visual probe task.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol use history, age of regular use onset, recency of use, and binge episodes were significantly associated with eye-gaze fixation time to alcohol cues; how present one felt within the VR scenes did not moderate these findings. Alcohol-related predictors accounted for a larger proportion of variance in VR-based models of attentional bias (Δ<i>R</i>² = 0.10) than in comparable alcohol visual probe task models based on fixation time (Δ<i>R</i>² = 0.05) or response time (Δ<i>R</i>² = 0.06).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Alcohol Cue VR paradigm provided commensurate measures of attentional bias in the context of alcohol cues. Unique alcohol-related characteristics impacted the extent of attentional bias to alcohol-related cues, exemplifying the utility of VR-derived measurement in assessing alcohol use. Future research can understand whether VR attentional bias is modifiable through treatment and can serve as clinical endpoints.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Alcohol-Induced Susceptibility to Pulmonary Bacterial Infections: A Narrative Review”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/acer.70381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70381","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Gobalakrishnan, T.</span>, <span>P. M. Dipta</span>, <span>B. Aidoo</span>, <span>J. Le</span>, and <span>S. Jeyaseelan</span>. <span>2025</span>. “ <span>Alcohol-Induced Susceptibility to Pulmonary Bacterial Infections: A Narrative Review</span>.” <i>Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research</i>, <span>49</span>, <span>2427</span>–<span>2435</span>. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70176.\u0000 </p><p>In the article cited above, one of the grant numbers listed in the Acknowledgments is incorrect. The corrected text is shown below, with the corrected grant number in bold.</p><p>This work was supported by NIH Grants R01AI-157353, R01AI-140500, and <b>P20GM-130555</b>.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Risk Is Invisible: Alcohol-Cancer Communication on Social Media","authors":"Tingting Liu,&nbsp;Brenda Curtis","doi":"10.1111/acer.70382","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148610727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Articles of Public Interest","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/acer.70376","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70376","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Young adults who experienced alcohol-induced blackouts (AIBs) reported more alcohol-related consequences than when they drank similar amounts without blacking out, according to a new study. AIBs involve a period of amnesia while the person is conscious and interacting; they may not remember what happened. AIBs are linked to consequences ranging from embarrassment and hangovers to sexual risk and developing alcohol use disorder. Among college students with recent AIBs, one in three drinking days involves this type of blackout—perhaps in part because young adults often do not perceive AIBs negatively. For the study in &lt;i&gt;Alcohol: Clinical &amp; Experimental Research&lt;/i&gt;, investigators explored the role of social context (who people drink with) and location (where they drink) in the alcohol-related consequences of AIBs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Researchers worked with 175 young adults who had recent histories of regular risky drinking, including AIBs. The participants were mostly White (87%) college students. Over six weekends (Thursday-Saturday social periods), they wore transdermal alcohol sensors and completed morning and evening assessments of their drinking behaviors. They also reported on alcohol-related consequences: positive (e.g., having fun), common negative (e.g., arguing, hangovers), uncommon negative (e.g., unwanted sexual experiences), and alcohol-related problems with impaired control or dependence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;During the 18 study days, participants reportedly consumed alcohol on an average of nine days. One in three drinking occasions resulted in an AIB; these occasions resulted in more consequences of each type than drinking occasions without AIBs: 15% more positive reports, 205% more common negative consequences, 367% more uncommon negative experiences, and 166% more alcohol-related problems. When participants drank exclusively with family, friends, or partners, those who experienced AIBs reported about 3½ times more common negative consequences and three times as many alcohol-related problems (compared to drinking at similar levels without AIBs). When drinking in someone's home, AIBs were linked to about 4½ times more common negative consequences compared to non-AIB drinking days.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Social context and location may be particularly important influences when alcohol use involves AIBs. Possibly, young adults are less likely to use protective behavioral strategies when drinking with friends and partners and in private homes than in contexts that feel less safe. The study findings could inform interventions tailored to young adults' drinking circumstances. Research involving more diverse samples is needed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Contextual moderators of the relationship between alcohol-induced blackouts and alcohol-related consequences among young adults. V. L. Richards, S. D. Glenn, K. A. Mallett, M. R. Sladek, R. J. Turrisi, J. M. Croff, S. Ackerman, M. A. Russell. (https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.70310)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alcohol-related deaths have increased substantially over the l","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148586114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking Reductions in Alcohol and Birth Control Use Risk Behavior to Prevention of Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancy: A Population-Level Simulation of Preconceptual Prevention Programs","authors":"Arielle R. Deutsch,&nbsp;Ali Akhavan,&nbsp;Mohammad S. Jalali","doi":"10.1111/acer.70379","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70379","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most popular alcohol-exposed pregnancy (AEP) prevention program (AEP-P) is a brief intervention that dually promotes reducing alcohol use and increasing birth control use. The primary outcome variable used to evaluate AEP-P involves aggregating behavioral change into a binary variable, despite differences in how AEP-P impacts each behavior. This study examined if all three possible AEP-P behavior-change outcomes (alcohol only (AO), birth control only (BCO), or both behaviors [BB]) are equally effective in preventing subsequent AEP itself.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We simulated implementing an AEP-P in a United States small metropolitan area under 252 different scenarios (policy tests), varying the (1) percent of the eligible population who changed AEP risk behavior; (2) proportion of AEP-P participants in AO, BCO, and BB groups; and (3) ratio of participants changing alcohol use to non-risky drinking or abstinence. We calculated the percent difference in next-year new cases of total AEP, high-risk AEP, and low-risk AEP for each policy test compared to a “no implementation” baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Policies with higher BB proportions had larger reductions for total and high-risk AEP, with the 100% BB policy providing the highest reductions (5.58%–17.13% and 16.27%– 42.43% total and high-risk AEP, respectively). All policies increased low-risk AEP, except for the 100% BCO policy. Policies with higher BCO proportions resulted in lower increases in low-risk AEP, but lower reductions to high-risk AEP. Policy increases in low-risk AEP were driven by the fraction of people transitioning to abstention compared to non-risky drinking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Study results suggested that different constructs of behavioral changes made during AEP-P confer different levels of preventing AEP itself. Using a binary AEP risk aggregate variable may bias our understanding of AEP-P preventative efficacy and inhibit further understanding of how to improve AEP-P.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148563974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol-Induced Blackouts and Subsequent Drinking Trajectories: Evidence From Three Longitudinal Samples","authors":"Angelo M. DiBello,&nbsp;Mary Beth Miller,&nbsp;Kate B. Carey,&nbsp;Clayton Neighbors","doi":"10.1111/acer.70373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70373","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol-induced blackouts are widely recognized as markers of acute intoxication and elevated risk for alcohol-related harm. Blackout experiences may also represent psychologically salient events capable of influencing subsequent drinking behavior. The present study examined whether recent blackout predicts changes in alcohol use, alcohol-related consequences, and blackouts over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were drawn from three independent longitudinal samples of college student drinkers (<i>N</i>s = 568, 484, and 200). Generalized linear mixed models with negative binomial distributions were used to evaluate whether baseline blackout status predicted follow-up drinks per week, alcohol-related consequences, and subsequent blackouts over 12 months of follow-up, controlling for baseline drinking and consequences, age, sex, intervention condition, and time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Across samples, baseline blackout was not associated with increases in subsequent alcohol use. In one sample, blackout predicted lower follow-up drinking, and in two of three samples, blackout predicted significantly lower rates of alcohol-related consequences over time (i.e., a 21%–40% reduction in consequences among those who experienced a blackout across follow-ups). Conversely, baseline blackout was associated with increased odds of subsequent blackout across all samples. These associations were found after adjusting for baseline alcohol-related consequences and concurrent drinking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blackouts may function not only as a marker of high-risk drinking but also as a potential turning point associated with reductions in alcohol-related harm. At the same time, effects were not uniform across samples. Results underscore the importance of assessing blackout in research and clinical settings, and they highlight its potential dual role as both a risk indicator and a catalyst for behavioral change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13385469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal Vasopressin Decreases Voluntary Ethanol Drinking in Single- and Group-Housed Mice Through Mechanisms Involving Vasopressin 1a and 1b Receptors","authors":"Michelle A. Nipper,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Zweig,&nbsp;Michael C. Johnson,&nbsp;Andrey E. Ryabinin","doi":"10.1111/acer.70374","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70374","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of novel pharmacotherapeutics. Our recent study observed that intranasal (IN) administration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) decreases voluntary consumption of sweetened ethanol (EtOH) in mice, a promising development, given that IN AVP does not affect the blood pressure or stress responses associated with systemic AVP administration. To characterize AVP's potential to regulate alcohol drinking, here we investigated the effects of IN AVP on voluntary intake of unsweetened ethanol (EtOH) in single- and group-housed mice, the involvement of AVP and Oxytocin (Oxt) receptors, and the potential neural substrates of these effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experiment 1 examined the effects of treatments on two-bottle choice (2 BC) drinking in single-housed C57BL/6J mice. Experiment 2 examined the effects of treatments on 2 BC drinking in group-housed C57BL/6J mice. Experiment 3 examined the effects of IN AVP on c-Fos expression in brain regions containing AVP and Oxt receptors in group-housed C57BL/6J mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IN AVP (1.0 mg/kg) decreased EtOH intake in single-housed mice, an effect attenuated by pretreatment with Avpr1a, Avpr1b, or Oxtr antagonists. A higher dose of AVP (3.0 mg/kg) also inhibited EtOH intake in single-housed mice, and this effect was blocked by the Avpr1a antagonist SR-49059. In group-housed mice, IN AVP (3.0 mg/kg) decreased EtOH intake, an effect blocked by the Avpr1a antagonist or Avpr1b antagonist. IN AVP (3.0 mg/kg) induced c-Fos expression in the central nucleus of amygdala (CeA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IN AVP decreases voluntary EtOH intake in both single- and group-housed mice. The suppressive effects of IN AVP involve Avpr1a in single-housed mice. In group-housed mice, this effect involves Avpr1a and Avpr1b and engages the CeA. These findings suggest IN AVP may be a potential therapeutic target for AUD, warranting its further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148521290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal Oxytocin for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Multisite Trial Assessing Efficacy and Safety","authors":"Nassima Ait-Daoud Tiouririne,&nbsp;Jospeh A. Legan,&nbsp;Eric Devine,&nbsp;Kristen Lee,&nbsp;Elise M. Weerts,&nbsp;Jennifer D. Ellis,&nbsp;Lara Ray,&nbsp;Steve Shoptaw,&nbsp;Daniel Falk,&nbsp;Megan Ryan,&nbsp;Raye Litten,&nbsp;Chamindi Seneviratne,&nbsp;Janet Ransom,&nbsp;Charles Scott","doi":"10.1111/acer.70326","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70326","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The neuropeptide oxytocin offers a potentially effective treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Acting centrally in the brain, oxytocin mediates a range of behavioral effects, including reward, stress response, social affiliation, learning, memory, and addictive behaviors. Animal studies demonstrate oxytocin's ability to reduce alcohol consumption, but results in human trials have been mixed. Some studies report reductions in withdrawal symptoms, heavy drinking, and craving, whereas others show no effects. The purpose of this 12-week clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal oxytocin in individuals with AUD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oxytocin (up to 70 International Units [IU]/day) or placebo was administered to 100 individuals diagnosed with AUD in a double-blind, randomized, 12-week multisite trial. The primary outcome was the weekly percentage of heavy drinking days (PHDD) over 10 weeks of maintenance treatment. Secondary outcomes included additional drinking measures, urge to drink, psychological assessments, alcohol-related consequences, nicotine use, and safety and tolerability of intranasal oxytocin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No significant differences were observed in PHDD between groups during the 10-week maintenance phase. However, a small, numerically greater reduction in drinking was seen in the oxytocin group compared with placebo from weeks 9 to 12. Similar patterns were found across secondary drinking outcomes. No significant differences were observed in AUD symptoms, alcohol-related consequences, craving, mood, sleep, pain, or substance use. At the end of treatment, participants receiving oxytocin scored significantly lower on measures of anger and physical aggression. Oxytocin was well tolerated; adverse events were mild and comparable across groups. The most common event in both groups was hyposmia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intranasal oxytocin was well tolerated but did not significantly reduce drinking or AUD-related outcomes. Higher doses, longer treatment duration, or larger trials may be required to identify responsive subgroups and determine oxytocin's efficacy in AUD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT03878316. Registered March 14, 2019 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03878316)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.70326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The NKCC1 Antagonist Bumetanide, Administered After Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, Mitigates Ethanol-Induced Aberrance in Tangential Migration of GABAergic Interneurons in Mouse Medial Prefrontal Cortex","authors":"Betul Koc,&nbsp;Alexander G. J. Skorput,&nbsp;Pamela W. L. Yeh,&nbsp;Hermes H. Yeh","doi":"10.1111/acer.70375","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70375","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prenatal ethanol (alcohol) exposure (PreEE) results in abnormal tangential migration of medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-derived GABAergic interneurons (GINs) in the embryonic mouse medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC); later in life, this is associated with impaired behavioral flexibility commonly seen in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). The PreEE-induced abnormal tangential migration involves, in part, ethanol potentiating GABA_A receptor-mediated depolarization, the latter due to elevated intracellular chloride sustained primarily by the Na-K-Cl cotransporter NKCC1 in embryonic GINs. We previously reported that coincident administration of the NKCC1 antagonist bumetanide with PreEE prevents the PreEE-induced aberrant migration of GINs in the mPFC. However, such simultaneous dispensing rarely occurs in real life. In this light, the present study assessed whether bumetanide administered after PreEE mitigates the PreEE-induced aberrant tangential migration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NKCC1-like immunofluorescence was assessed following immunohistochemical processing of 30-μm cryosections derived from embryonic day (E)14.5 wild-type mouse brains. Nkx2.1Cre-Ai14 mice were used to genetically label MGE-derived GINs. Pregnant dams were fed 5% ethanol (w/w) from E13.5 to E16.5, followed by bumetanide treatment (320 mg/kg liquid diet) from E17.5 until postnatal day (P) 0 (birth). Forty-micron cryosections from brains of progeny were collected at P0, and the density as well as spatial distribution of tdTomato-fluorescent (Nkx2.1+) GINs in the mPFC quantified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Within the timeframe of PreEE, the NKCC1 protein is expressed ubiquitously in the embryonic mouse brain, including the dorsomedial telencephalon, the precursor to mPFC. PreEE increased the overall density of Nkx2.1+ GINs and accelerated their dorsal-to-ventral dispersion across the developing mPFC. Post-PreEE treatment with the NKCC1 antagonist bumetanide diminished these effects, reducing dorsal accumulation while preserving the baseline population of GINs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results indicate that blocking the NKCC1 chloride importer bumetanide can mitigate PreEE-induced interneuronopathy when administered after PreEE, implicating NKCC1 as a potential pharmacological target for post-PreEE therapeutic intervention of FASD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Age and Race/Ethnicity Affect the Benefits of Mutual-Help Group Involvement for People With Alcohol Use Disorders: Findings From the PAL Study Cohorts","authors":"Sarah E. Zemore,&nbsp;Amy A. Mericle,&nbsp;Camillia Lui,&nbsp;Brandon Bergman,&nbsp;Christine Timko","doi":"10.1111/acer.70371","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.70371","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mutual-help groups (MHGs) are generally effective for alcohol use disorders (AUDs), but how demographic characteristics affect the benefits of MHG involvement is largely unknown. This longitudinal study of adults with AUD examined whether age and race/ethnicity moderated associations between MHG involvement and alcohol outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were from the pooled Peer ALternatives for Addiction 2015 and 2021 Cohorts (<i>N</i> = 1152), which adopted parallel designs and measures. Eligibility criteria included lifetime AUD and past-30-day 12-step and/or second-wave MHG attendance. Participants were surveyed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months; surveys assessed MHG involvement (5-item scale) and alcohol outcomes (i.e., abstinence, alcohol problems, heavy drinking). Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) models tested effects for MHG involvement, demographics, and their interactions on outcomes at next survey.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In adjusted models, lagged MHG involvement consistently predicted better outcomes and showed significant interactions with both age (for alcohol problems and heavy drinking) and race/ethnicity (for alcohol problems). Follow-up analyses showed that MHG involvement was protective against alcohol problems for those aged 30–59 and 60+ (ORs = 0.35–0.37, <i>p</i>s &lt; 0.05) but nonsignificant among those 18–29 (OR = 2.39, <i>p</i> = 0.10); similarly, MHG involvement was predictive of fewer drinking days for those 30–59 and 60+ (IRRs = 0.02–0.11, <i>p</i>s &lt; 0.001) but nonsignificant among those 18–29 (IRR = 1.05, <i>p</i> = 0.90). Meanwhile, MHG involvement was protective against alcohol problems for Non-Hispanic White participants (OR = 0.34, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) but nonsignificant among those of any other race/ethnicity (OR = 1.71, <i>p</i> = 0.20).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MHG involvement may confer diminished benefits for young adults and people of color. These subgroups may benefit from tailored meetings and/or alternative activities that foster peer support for recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}