Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"Phosphatidylethanol measures in patients with severe COVID-19-associated respiratory failure identify a subset with alcohol misuse","authors":"Raymond Pomponio,&nbsp;Ryan A. Peterson,&nbsp;Moses Owusu,&nbsp;Suzanne Slaughter,&nbsp;Stephanie Melgar,&nbsp;Sarah E. Jolley,&nbsp;Ellen L. Burnham","doi":"10.1111/acer.15495","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15495","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical trials in patients with COVID-19 have exclusively used self- or proxy-reporting to characterize alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to measure an objective biomarker of recent alcohol use in patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19-associated respiratory failure who were enrolled in an investigational clinical trial to determine the prevalence of alcohol misuse, and to explore the relationship of alcohol use with outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a substudy of patients enrolled in the multicenter, phase 2, adaptive platform design, <i>Investigation of Serial Studies to Predict Your Therapeutic Response with Imaging And molecular Analysis in COVID-19</i> trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04488081), conducted at 20 hospital systems across the United States. Three hundred and fifty-five patients with available red blood cell (RBC) samples and 60-day follow-up assessments were included. RBCs were utilized to measure phosphatidylethanol (PEth). Prespecified thresholds of PEth were utilized to stratify patients into groups: low/no alcohol use (PEth &lt; 20 ng/mL), significant alcohol use (PEth 20–200 ng/mL), and heavy alcohol use (PEth ≥ 200 ng/mL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cohort, 17% of patients met criteria for significant alcohol use, while 4% met criteria for heavy alcohol use. Alcohol misuse was associated with diminished odds for home discharge, though this finding did not achieve statistical significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a cohort of patients with severe COVID-19 enrolled in a clinical trial, alcohol consumption of two or more standard drinks per day was present among 21%, approximating the proportion of patients with diabetes, and raising the possibility that alcohol consumption alters risk for severe viral pneumonia. Undetected alcohol misuse among clinical trial participants has the potential to influence study outcomes or contribute to adverse events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"165-174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visium spatial transcriptomics and proteomics identifies novel hepatic cell populations and transcriptomic signatures of alcohol-associated hepatitis","authors":"Tyler C. Gripshover,&nbsp;Rui S. Treves,&nbsp;Eric C. Rouchka,&nbsp;Julia H. Chariker,&nbsp;Shirong Zheng,&nbsp;Elizabeth Hudson,&nbsp;Melissa L. Smith,&nbsp;Ashwani K. Singal,&nbsp;Craig J. McClain,&nbsp;Josiah E. Hardesty","doi":"10.1111/acer.15494","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15494","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is the clinical manifestation of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). AH is a complex disease encompassing the dysregulation of many cells and cell subpopulations. This study used a hepatic spatial transcriptomic and proteomic approach (10X Genomics Visium) to identify hepatic cell populations and their associated transcriptomic and proteomic alterations in human AH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liver tissue from AH patients (<i>n</i> = 2) and non-ALD controls (donors) (<i>n</i> = 2) were used for Visium spatial transcriptomic and proteomic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AH cell clusters and cell markers were drastically different in regard to tissue pattern and number of cell types compared to non-ALD controls. Cholangiocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, and stellate cells were more profuse in AH relative to non-ALD controls. Transcriptionally, proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive (PCNA⁺) hepatocytes in AH more closely resembled cholangiocytes suggesting they were non-functional hepatocytes derived from cholangiocytes. Furthermore, mitochondria protein-coding genes were reduced in AH versus non-ALD control hepatocytes, suggesting reduced functionality and loss of regenerative mechanisms. Macrophages in AH exhibited elevated gene expression involved in exosomes as compared to non-ALD controls. The most upregulated macrophage genes observed in AH were those involved in exosome trafficking. Gene and protein signatures of disease-associated hepatocytes (<i>ANXA2</i>^<i>+</i><i>/CXCL1</i>^<i>+</i><i>/</i>CEACAM8⁺) were elevated in AH and could visually identify a pre-malignant lesion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified global cell type alterations in AH and distinct transcriptomic changes between AH and non-ALD controls. These findings characterize cellular plasticity and profuse transcriptomic and proteomic changes that are apparent in AH and contribute to the identification of novel therapeutics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"106-116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcoholic beverage consumption and female breast cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","authors":"Ivneet Sohi,&nbsp;Jürgen Rehm,&nbsp;Marian Saab,&nbsp;Lavanya Virmani,&nbsp;Ari Franklin,&nbsp;Gonzalo Sánchez,&nbsp;Mihojana Jhumi,&nbsp;Ahmed Irshad,&nbsp;Hiya Shah,&nbsp;Daniela Correia,&nbsp;Pietro Ferrari,&nbsp;Carina Ferreira-Borges,&nbsp;Beatrice Lauby-Secretan,&nbsp;Gauden Galea,&nbsp;Susan Gapstur,&nbsp;Maria Neufeld,&nbsp;Harriet Rumgay,&nbsp;Isabelle Soerjomataram,&nbsp;Kevin Shield","doi":"10.1111/acer.15493","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15493","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alcohol consumption is an established cause of female breast cancer. This systematic review examines in detail the association between alcohol and female breast cancer overall and among the described subgroups, using all of the evidence to date. A systematic review of PubMed and Embase was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search included articles published up to November 15, 2023. Meta-analyses and regressions were performed for alcohol consumption of less than 1 standard drink (10 g of ethanol) per day and for a range of alcohol consumption categories in relation to breast cancer. Analyses by menopausal status, hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, and molecular subtype were performed. The search yielded 5645 publications, of which 23 publications of individual and pooled studies examined the association between overall alcohol consumption and breast cancer incidence. The meta-regression showed a positive association; relative risks (RR) of breast cancer were 1.05 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.06), 1.10 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.12), 1.18 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.21), and 1.22 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.25) for 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 standard drinks per day compared with nondrinking, respectively. A meta-analysis of nine studies indicated that for consumption of less than one standard drink per day, the RR estimate of breast cancer was 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.07) compared with nondrinking. Consumption of an additional 1 standard drink per day was associated with a higher risk of premenopausal (RR: 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.06)) and postmenopausal (RR: 1.10 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.12)) breast cancer. Alcohol consumption increases female breast cancer risk, even for women who consume one drink per day. Furthermore, alcohol consumption is associated with both pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. These findings support evidence-based cancer prevention guidelines to reduce alcohol-related risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"48 12","pages":"2222-2241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mendelian randomization study of alcohol use and cardiometabolic disease risk in a multi-ancestry population from the Million Veteran Program","authors":"Rachel L. Kember,&nbsp;Christopher T. Rentsch,&nbsp;Julie Lynch,&nbsp;Marijana Vujkovic,&nbsp;Benjamin Voight,&nbsp;Amy C. Justice,&nbsp;Million Veteran Program,&nbsp;Themistocles L. Assimes,&nbsp;Henry R. Kranzler","doi":"10.1111/acer.15445","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15445","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observational studies link moderate alcohol consumption to reduced risk of cardiometabolic diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Mendelian randomization (MR) studies suggest that these associations are due to confounding. We present observed and genetically proxied associations between alcohol consumption and the incidence of CHD and T2D among African Americans (AA), European Americans (EA), and Hispanic Americans (HA) from the Million Veteran Program.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted two retrospective, nested case–control studies of 33,053 CHD and 28,278 T2D cases matched to five controls each at the time of the event (index date). We used the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Consumption (AUDIT-C) score closest in time prior to the index date to estimate alcohol exposure. Models were adjusted for smoking, body mass index (BMI), chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and the use of statins or antihypertensive medications. MR analyses used either a single variant in <i>ADH1B</i> or a genetic score (GS) as instrumental variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observational analysis showed a U-shaped association of alcohol consumption with CHD and T2D risk. However, in MR analyses, neither <i>ADH1B</i> genotype-predicted (in 36,465 AAs, 146,464 EAs, and 11,342 HAs) nor GS-predicted (in EAs) alcohol consumption was associated with CHD risk. Similarly, T2D was not associated with alcohol consumption predicted either by <i>ADH1B</i> genotype (in 42,008 AAs, 109,351 EAs, and 13,538 HAs) or GS (in EAs). Multivariable MR analyses that adjusted for the effects of blood pressure and smoking also showed no association between alcohol consumption and cardiometabolic diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We replicate prior observational studies that show a U-shaped association between alcohol consumption and cardiometabolic diseases, but MR findings show no causal association between these traits. This is largely consistent with previous MR analyses in EAs and expands the literature by providing similar findings in AA and HA populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"48 12","pages":"2256-2268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bereavement and problematic alcohol use: Prevalence and predictors among a national sample of bereaved adults","authors":"Jamison S. Bottomley,&nbsp;Joah L. Williams,&nbsp;Jeffrey M. Pavlacic,&nbsp;Kathryn S. Gex,&nbsp;Alyssa A. Rheingold","doi":"10.1111/acer.15496","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15496","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Problematic alcohol use (PAU) is highly prevalent in the United States. Although bereavement, a highly stressful and ubiquitous experience across the lifespan, is believed to increase the risk for PAU based on a small number of studies, research using large diverse samples of bereaved adults has yet to be conducted. Therefore, relations between PAU and bereavement remain poorly understood, hampering the reach and effectiveness of alcohol interventions. The current study addresses this limitation by investigating rates and correlates of PAU and service utilization among a large national sample of bereaved adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were adults who reported the death of a significant other in their lifetime (<i>N</i> = 1529). Most participants identified as female (69.1%) and White (68.2%), with an average age of 44.7 (SD = 16.29). Online self-report surveys assessed the prevalence of PAU using the AUDIT-C, mental health service utilization, and associated characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nearly one-third (<i>n</i> = 463; 30.3%) screened positive for PAU, which surpasses rates found in the general US population. After accounting for other characteristics, time since the death (OR, 3.63; 95% CI, 2.59–5.08) and meeting presumptive criteria for depression (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.64–3.18) and prolonged grief disorder (PGD; OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.13–2.25) significantly increased risk for PAU among the bereaved. Approximately half (<i>n</i> = 244; 52.7%) of bereaved adults with PAU received any mental health service since the death. Time since the death (OR, 4.19; 95% CI, 2.38–7.48) and presumptive depression (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.25–3.74) were associated with service utilization after accounting for other characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The high prevalence of PAU among bereaved adults, particularly among those with a diagnosis of PGD, and limited use of support services underscore the need for greater empirical attention and integrated substance use care for bereaved adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"175-184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol use and cannabis craving in daily life: Sex differences and associations among young adults","authors":"Christal N. Davis,&nbsp;Nolan E. Ramer,&nbsp;Lindsay M. Squeglia,&nbsp;Kathryn S. Gex,&nbsp;Aimee L. McRae-Clark,&nbsp;Sherry A. McKee,&nbsp;Walter Roberts,&nbsp;Kevin M. Gray,&nbsp;Nathaniel L. Baker,&nbsp;Rachel L. Tomko","doi":"10.1111/acer.15461","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15461","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol and cannabis are commonly used together by young adults. With frequent pairings, use of one substance may become a conditioned cue for use of a second, commonly co-used substance. Although this has been examined for alcohol and cannabis in laboratory conditions and with remote monitoring, no research has examined whether pharmacologically induced cross-substance craving occurs in naturalistic conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a sample of 63 frequent cannabis-using young adults (54% female) who completed 2 weeks of ecological momentary assessment, we tested whether alcohol use was associated with stronger in-the-moment cannabis craving. We also examined whether sex moderated this association and whether cannabis craving was stronger at higher levels of alcohol consumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although alcohol use and cannabis craving were not significantly associated at the momentary level, there was evidence that this relation significantly differed by sex. Among female participants, there was a negative association between alcohol use since the last prompt and momentary cannabis craving (<i>b</i> = −0.33, SE = 0.14, <i>p</i> = 0.02), while the association among male participants was positive (<i>b</i> = 0.32, SE = 0.13, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Similarly, alcohol quantity was negatively associated with cannabis craving at the momentary level for female participants (<i>b</i> = −0.10, SE = 0.04, <i>p</i> = 0.009) but was not significantly associated for male participants (<i>b</i> = 0.05, SE = 0.04, <i>p</i> = 0.18).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol may enhance cannabis craving among male individuals but reduce desire for cannabis among female individuals. This may point to differing functions of co-use by sex, highlighting a need for research to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this increasingly common pattern of substance use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"48 12","pages":"2331-2340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing rates of agreement between different diagnostic criteria for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A systematic review","authors":"Graysen Myers,&nbsp;Michael Burd,&nbsp;Marilyn G. Klug,&nbsp;Svetlana Popova,&nbsp;Larry Burd","doi":"10.1111/acer.15492","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15492","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diagnostic accuracy is important in systems used to diagnose common disorders such as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). Currently, no comprehensive study has examined rates of agreement between different diagnostic criteria for FASD. This study estimates the likelihood that a diagnosis of FASD using one set of diagnostic criteria will result in the same diagnosis when compared to different diagnostic criteria. A systematic review was conducted to identify articles reporting on the comparison of two or more diagnostic criteria for a diagnosis of FASD. Inclusion criteria required that the study present data that estimated agreement for a diagnosis of FASD or no-FASD between two or more FASD criteria using two-by-two tables or presented data that could be used to generate the tables. Meta-analyses with confidence intervals were included to demonstrate variability in the estimates. Standardized measures of agreement were assessed using the kappa statistic with 95% confidence intervals and the phi coefficient as a measure of correlation between binary outcomes. The search identified six studies reporting on eight different FASD diagnostic criteria. The studies compared agreement between 17 different pairings of the criteria. For individual children, agreement ranged from 53.7% to 91%. The agreement between the eight different diagnostic criteria ranged from 59.4% to 89.5%. The kappa statistic found that five associations had a kappa ranging from 0.6 to 0.8. This study illustrates that comparisons of multiple pairs of diagnostic criteria are likely to result in considerable variation in diagnoses of FASD for individual children and between different criteria. The lack of agreement between these commonly used systems is likely to affect clinical care and studies where diagnosis is a key variable. Large-scale multicenter research is needed to examine factors contributing to variation in diagnostic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of early alcohol consumption on adolescent development: Commentary on a longitudinal study conducted by Ferariu et al. (2024)","authors":"Panpan Zhang","doi":"10.1111/acer.15497","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"99-101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain prospectively predicts alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV: A commentary on Palfai et al. (2024)","authors":"Emily L. Zale","doi":"10.1111/acer.15499","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15499","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Alcohol use and pain are common among People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) and present a significant public health concern in this high-risk group. The Reciprocal Model of Pain and Substance Use posits that bidirectional interactions between pain and alcohol use maintain and exacerbate one another (Ditre et al., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). As research and clinical interest in pain–alcohol associations continue to grow, the field will be advanced by (a) prospective studies that are capable of identifying changes in pain and alcohol use over time, (b) research that focuses on high-risk populations who evince pain and alcohol-related health disparities, and (c) examination of pain–alcohol associations across a spectrum of pain and alcohol-related characteristics. Palfai et al. (&lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) made a significant contribution to the literature in all of these domains through their examination of both pain intensity and interference as prospective predictors of heavy drinking and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) among a racially and ethnically diverse sample of PLWH. Leveraging data from an existing cohort study, they found that PLWH with moderate/severe pain (vs. no/mild pain) at baseline were more than twice as likely to meet DSM-5 criteria for AUD at 12-month follow-up. Moreover, those with moderate/severe pain-related interference (vs. no/mild interference) in daily functioning were more than 3 times more likely to meet criteria for AUD. In both instances, greater pain and interference were further associated with greater AUD severity. The study conducted by Palfai et al. (&lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) provides a rich context for considering the current state-of-the-art and future directions in pain–alcohol research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;PLWH are an ideal population in which to study pain–alcohol associations because HIV is highly comorbid with both pain and alcohol use, and PLWH face disparities across numerous health outcomes. Indeed, prevalence rates of unhealthy alcohol use (i.e., a range that encompasses risky or potentially harmful drinking through AUD) are up to six times greater among PLWH than among the general population (e.g., Duko et al., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;; SAMHSA, &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). This is of particular concern given that PLWH experience disproportionate alcohol-related disease burdens because of the adverse effects on HIV-related outcomes (Molina et al., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). Like unhealthy alcohol use, chronic pain is more prevalent among PLWH, with rates about twice as high as the general population (Madden et al., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Yong et al., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). This is reflected in baseline rates of pain and alcohol use in Palfai et al.'s (&lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) sample, with nearly half of participants reporting moderate to severe pain intensity and interference and 53% reporting unhealthy alcohol use (i.e., either heavy drinking or AUD) at baseline.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Drawing from a larger literature on diverse pain conditions (e.g., musculoskeletal pain, arthritis), the Recipr","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"102-105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An online assessment of pricing for ready-to-drink alcohol products: Implications for risk and policy solutions","authors":"Matthew E. Rossheim,&nbsp;Kayla K. Tillett,&nbsp;Viktor Vasilev,&nbsp;Cassidy R. LoParco,&nbsp;Theresa Agwuncha,&nbsp;Vishaldeep K. Sekhon,&nbsp;Edna P. Mendoza,&nbsp;Olivia Townsend,&nbsp;Maria T. Julian,&nbsp;Ryan D. Treffers,&nbsp;Melvin D. Livingston,&nbsp;Michael B. Siegel,&nbsp;David H. Jernigan","doi":"10.1111/acer.15491","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15491","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol pricing policies can reduce population-level alcohol consumption. To inform these policies, it is essential to understand the price per standard alcoholic drink of the least expensive brands. This study focused on prices of ready-to-drink products because of their accessibility, popularity among young people, and market expansion in recent years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 2023, we systematically identified 39 retail stores selling alcohol online in Fort Worth, Texas. For each product, we recorded information regarding brand name, alcohol-by-volume (abv), liquid volume, and price (<i>n</i> = 10,818). Ready-to-drink products encompassed beer, malt liquor, cider, premixed cocktails, and flavored alcoholic beverages (FAB) including hard beverages (seltzer, soda, tea, lemonade), excluding wine and distilled spirits. We limited analyses to brands sold by at least three stores and deduplicated products within stores. Our analytic sample size was 3924.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The least expensive brands included the following: Four Loko, MXD Drinks Co., Steel Reserve (High Gravity Lager and Alloy Series), Hurricane High Gravity, Natural Ice, Natty Daddy, Clubtails, Sauza Agave Cocktails, Truly Extra, and Icehouse. The average abv among all products was 5.9%. Among the 20 least expensive brands, the average abv was 9.0%, and 70% were available in single-serve containers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The least expensive brands of ready-to-drink alcohol products were often high abv, single-serve containers of FAB, malt liquor, or beer. Retail price assessments can strengthen the case for policy solutions, such as targeted taxes and re-classification of products, to reduce the risks posed by low-priced alcohol. The current study identifies some brands these retail assessments should include.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"226-233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}