Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"Neural correlates associated with a family history of alcohol use disorder: A narrative review of recent findings","authors":"Anita Cservenka,&nbsp;Sheeva Azma","doi":"10.1111/acer.15488","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15488","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A family history of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with a significantly increased risk of developing AUD in one's lifetime. The previously reviewed literature suggests there are structural and functional neurobiological markers associated with familial AUD, but to our knowledge, no recent review has synthesized the latest findings across neuroimaging studies in this at-risk population. For this narrative review, we conducted keyword searches in electronic databases to find cross-sectional and longitudinal studies (2015-present) that used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging, task-based functional MRI (fMRI), and/or resting state functional connectivity MRI. These studies were used to identify gray matter, white matter, and brain activity markers of risk and resilience in family history positive (FHP) individuals with a family history of AUD. FHP individuals have greater early adolescent thinning of executive functioning (frontal lobe) regions; however, some studies have reported null effects or greater gray matter volume and thickness relative to family history negative (FHN) peers without familial AUD. FHP individuals also have white matter microstructure alterations, such as reduced integrity of fronto-striatal pathways. Recent fMRI studies have found greater inhibitory control activity in FHP individuals, while reward-related findings are mixed. A growing interest in identifying intrinsic connectivity differences between FHP and FHN individuals has emerged in recent years. Familial AUD is related to both structural and functional brain alterations. Research should continue to focus on (1) longitudinal analyses with larger samples, (2) assessment of personal substance use and prenatal exposure to alcohol, (3) the effects of comorbid familial psychopathology, (4) examination of sex-specific markers of risk and resilience, (5) neural predictors of alcohol use initiation, and (6) brain–behavior relationships. These efforts would aid the design of neurobiologically informed prevention and intervention efforts focused on this at-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"62-80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximal antecedents and acute outcomes of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use: Systematic review of daily- and event-level studies","authors":"Kyra N. Farrelly,&nbsp;Tahmina Amini,&nbsp;Sophie G. Coelho,&nbsp;Nicolle Fox,&nbsp;Nicole Dimitrova,&nbsp;Christian S. Hendershot,&nbsp;Jeffrey D. Wardell","doi":"10.1111/acer.15484","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15484","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many studies have revealed that individuals who engage in simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis report elevated substance-related consequences relative to those who use only alcohol or cannabis; however, evidence from emerging studies examining within-person differences across simultaneous use and single substance use occasions is less consistent. This systematic review aimed to synthesize findings from existing day- and event-level studies of within-person differences in the proximal antecedents and acute outcomes associated with simultaneous use versus single substance use episodes. Our search strategy revealed 30 eligible articles. Two categories of antecedents (i.e., internal [e.g., motives] and external [e.g., social context]) and three categories of outcomes (i.e., consumption behavior, general positive and negative consequences, and specific consequences) were identified. The current literature consistently suggests that greater day- or event-level social and enhancement motives, as well as being in a social context, predict greater likelihood of engaging in simultaneous use compared with alcohol- or cannabis-only use. However, there was heterogeneity in findings regarding the role of other person-level antecedents. Further, while most evidence pointed to heavier alcohol consumption on simultaneous use occasions versus alcohol-only occasions, findings for elevations in acute negative and positive substance-related consequences on simultaneous use versus single substance use occasions were mixed. Additionally, four studies found that increased consequences on simultaneous use occasions depended on the level of alcohol consumed. This review identifies several antecedents for simultaneous use events but suggests that simultaneous use occasions are not always associated with more acute harms than single substance use occasions. Given the extent to which the current literature is mixed, this review emphasizes the importance of methodological improvements and future research examining the mechanisms linking simultaneous use with substance-related consequences to help reconcile findings across within-person and between-person studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"43-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol-attributable deaths in Thai people from 2015 to 2021 using the comparative risk assessment approach","authors":"Jiraluck Nontarak,&nbsp;Jürgen Rehm,&nbsp;Pol Rovira,&nbsp;Sawitri Assanangkornchai","doi":"10.1111/acer.15489","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15489","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The alcohol-attributable mortality rate is an important health indicator for surveillance of health-related impacts of alcohol consumption. This study aimed to estimate the annual number and rate of alcohol-attributable deaths among the Thai population aged 15 years and over during 2015–2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mortality data were drawn from the National Death Registry based on ICD-10. We used the standard methodology of comparative risk assessments for alcohol within the general framework of the Global Burden of Disease Studies and used alcohol-attributable fractions, derived from exposure, and relative risk compared to lifetime abstainers as the counterfactual. Age-standardization was used to adjust mortality rates which were calculated by cause, age group, and sex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The estimated annual number of alcohol-attributable deaths was 20,039 (men: 17,726 [6.50% of total annual deaths of the Thai population] and women: 2312 [1.11%]). The age-standardized alcohol-attributable mortality rates continuously increased from 33.8 to 37.5 deaths per 100,000 population from 2015 to 2019 and slightly decreased to 34.5 and 35.3 in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The three leading causes of death attributed to alcohol consumption were road injuries, cirrhosis and other liver diseases, and other unintentional injuries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol remains an important preventable cause of death among Thais. The alcohol-attributable mortality rate increased from 2015 to 2019 but declined in 2020 and 2021, possibly due to the coronavirus pandemic and lockdown measures. Culturally appropriate, cost-effective interventions should be used to control alcohol accessibility, particularly among young people who frequently sustain injuries from external causes and have high mortality rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"142-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why and how: Engaging high school students in meaningful research opportunities","authors":"Lindsay R. Meredith,&nbsp;Amber M. Jarnecke,&nbsp;Rachel L. Tomko,&nbsp;Louise Mewton,&nbsp;Anna E. Kirkland,&nbsp;Brittney D. Browning,&nbsp;Lindsay M. Squeglia","doi":"10.1111/acer.15482","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15482","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"48 12","pages":"2412-2417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and child development: Role of ADH1B and ALDH2 gene polymorphisms—The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study","authors":"Kunio Miyake,&nbsp;Sanae Otawa,&nbsp;Megumi Kushima,&nbsp;Hideki Yui,&nbsp;Ryoji Shinohara,&nbsp;Sayaka Horiuchi,&nbsp;Yuka Akiyama,&nbsp;Tadao Ooka,&nbsp;Reiji Kojima,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yokomichi,&nbsp;Zentaro Yamagata,&nbsp;The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study Group","doi":"10.1111/acer.15487","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15487","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The role of polymorphisms in genes regulating alcohol metabolism, particularly those modulating the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on the neurodevelopment of offspring, remains inconclusive. Herein, we aimed to determine the involvement of <i>ADH1B</i> and <i>ALDH2</i> gene polymorphisms in maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the risk of developmental delay in offspring in a Japanese population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method<b>s</b></h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed 1727 mother–child pairs from the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy was determined through a mid-pregnancy questionnaire and categorized into three groups: never-drinkers, those who quit drinking in early pregnancy, and current drinkers. Developmental delays in children were assessed in five domains using the Japanese version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (J-ASQ-3) at 3 years of age. We conducted a logistic regression analysis to explore the relationship between maternal drinking status during pregnancy and developmental delays in offspring with respect to maternal <i>ADH1B</i> (rs1229984) or <i>ALDH2</i> (rs671) gene polymorphisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children born to mothers who continued alcohol consumption during pregnancy had a higher risk of delayed communication skills at 3 years of age compared with children born to mothers who did not drink alcohol (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.84–18.38). Analysis by <i>ALDH2</i> gene polymorphism revealed that alcohol consumption by mothers carrying the wild-type <i>ALDH2</i> (*1/*1) increased the risk of delayed communication skills at 3 years of age, whereas alcohol consumption by mothers carrying a heterozygotic genotype of <i>ALDH2</i> (*1/*2) enhanced the risk of developmental delay in all five domains of the J-ASQ-3. The impact of <i>ADH1B</i> gene polymorphism could not be clearly elucidated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that alcohol consumption by pregnant females carrying the deficient variant <i>ALDH2</i>*2 genotype may increase the risk of developmental delay in their offspring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"117-127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation biomarkers for alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment: A critical review","authors":"Shaunna L. Clark,&nbsp;Emily E. Hartwell,&nbsp;Doo-Sup Choi,&nbsp;John H. Krystal,&nbsp;Robert O. Messing,&nbsp;Laura B. Ferguson","doi":"10.1111/acer.15476","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15476","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This critical review summarizes the current state of omics-based biomarkers in the alcohol research field. We first provide definitions and background information on alcohol and alcohol use disorder (AUD), biomarkers, and “omic” technologies. We next summarize using (1) genetic information as risk/prognostic biomarkers for the onset of alcohol-related problems and the progression from regular drinking to problematic drinking (including AUD), (2) epigenetic information as diagnostic biomarkers for AUD and risk biomarkers for alcohol consumption, (3) transcriptomic information as diagnostic biomarkers for AUD, risk biomarkers for alcohol consumption, and (4) metabolomic information as diagnostic biomarkers for AUD, risk biomarkers for alcohol consumption, and predictive biomarkers for response to acamprosate in subjects with AUD. In the final section, the clinical implications of the findings are discussed, and recommendations are made for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"5-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of digital screening and brief intervention for alcohol misuse among college students: A state-wide cluster randomized trial from India","authors":"Abhishek Ghosh,&nbsp;Blessy B. George,&nbsp;Narayanan C. Krishnan,&nbsp;Renjith R. Pillai,&nbsp;Kathirvel Soundappan,&nbsp;Mamta Sharma,&nbsp;Anil Kumar,&nbsp;Debasish Basu","doi":"10.1111/acer.15485","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15485","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alcohol misuse is prevalent among college students globally, including in India. Digital screening and brief interventions (DSBI) promise to address this issue. This study assesses DSBI's effectiveness in a state-wide cluster randomized trial among college students in India.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited 548 participants (274 in each DSBI and digital screening and brief advice-DSBA) from 40 colleges across 10 districts of Punjab, India. Colleges were selected via two-stage cluster random sampling and were allocated to groups using permuted block randomization. Participants with Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) scores between 8 and 19 were included. The digital platform directed eligible participants to their respective groups. DSBI participants received information on alcohol harms, normative and personalized feedback, a decisional balance checklist, and a menu of options. DSBA participants received screening and alcohol harm information. Follow-ups were conducted at 3- and 6-month post-intervention. Primary outcome: reduction in AUDIT scores; secondary outcomes: frequency of drinking, drinks per drinking day, and frequency of heavy episodic drinking (HED).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline demographics and clinical variables did not significantly differ between groups, except for participants' age. 37.6% were women. Follow-up rates were 513/548 at 3 months and 483/548 at 6 months, with no group differences in attrition. AUDIT scores significantly decreased in both groups at 3 and 6 months (Time <i>F</i> = 1870.11, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, partial <i>η</i>² = 0.77), with no Group × Time effects (<i>F</i> = 0.160, <i>p</i> = 0.85). Drinking frequency, HED frequency, and drinks per drinking day decreased significantly in both groups without between-group differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study highlights the potential policy implications of integrating brief digital interventions for alcohol misuse into educational health initiatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"205-216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis on racial discrimination and alcohol use among Asian Americans","authors":"Melissa A. Liu,&nbsp;Taylor Fox,&nbsp;Michelle Salyers,&nbsp;Tamika Zapolski,&nbsp;Melissa A. Cyders","doi":"10.1111/acer.15475","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15475","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Racial discrimination has been identified as a contributing risk factor for alcohol use among racially minoritized individuals. The aims of this study were to quantify the relationship between racial discrimination and alcohol use among Asian Americans, examine gender, age and generational status as moderators, and characterize ethnic group representation across the literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic literature search was conducted using PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and OpenDissertations. A random effects model using Pearson's <i>r</i> effect sizes was conducted on separate alcohol outcomes. Meta-regression analyses tested for moderating effects, and heterogeneity was examined by identifying outliers and subgroup differences. Risk of bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's regression test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-two effect sizes were extracted from 18 studies, representing 8926 participants. A significant positive association was found between racial discrimination and alcohol consumption (<i>k</i> = 9, <i>r</i> = 0.13, 95% CI = [0.07, 0.19], <i>I</i>² = 80.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and problematic alcohol use (<i>k</i> = 12, <i>r</i> = 0.27, 95% CI = [0.12, 0.40] <i>I</i>² = 93.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.002), but not binge use (<i>k</i> = 3, <i>r</i> = 0.08, 95% CI = [−0.49, 0.60], <i>I</i>² = 95.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.64). Age, gender, and generational status were not significant moderators (<i>p</i>'s &gt; 0.10). When ethnic groups were reported, Chinese Americans were most represented (36.9%), while Indian Americans were notably underrepresented (1.18%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a small positive association between racial discrimination and alcohol consumption and problematic alcohol use among Asian Americans. Research should seek to fill gaps identified by this review, including the dearth of longitudinal work needed to establish temporal precedence, the limited understanding of racial discrimination on binge use and underrepresented ethnic groups in this field of research, and reducing heterogeneity between studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"48 12","pages":"2207-2221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the sex steroid hormone secrets in alcohol","authors":"Gian Rodriguez Franco,&nbsp;Christine C. Hsu","doi":"10.1111/acer.15479","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15479","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant global health problem, affecting millions of individuals and resulting in substantial economic, social, and health-related burdens (Griswold et al., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;; Sacks et al., &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;). Alcohol has contributed to an estimated 3.8%–5.3% of all global deaths and in 2016 it resulted in three million deaths (Global status report on alcohol and health 2018, &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;; Rehm et al., &lt;span&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;). Chronic alcohol consumption has been associated with a wide array of adverse health outcomes, including liver cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases, pancreatitis, various cancers, and neurological disorders (Sterling et al., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). The biochemical mechanisms that are responsible for the adverse health effects are not fully understood and different modalities are recently being used to understand these (Voutilainen &amp; Kärkkäinen, &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Metabolomics, which is the comprehensive study of metabolites or small molecules involved in complex biochemical reactions in: cells, tissues, or biofluids can be an important tool to provide insight into pathophysiological processes and cellular changes in humans and has the potential to lead to the identification of biomarkers that can aid in early diagnosis or guide in treatment responses (Joshi et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Approaches can either be targeted (measurement of prespecified metabolites) or untargeted and techniques used include nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy or mass spectrometry (MS) (Joshi et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Metabolomics has been previously explored in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and in heavy alcohol drinkers. One study showed that urine metabolites involved in caffeine metabolism are significantly decreased in ALD patients compared with controls, correlating with the severity of liver disease (MELD) (Xu, He, et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Other studies have demonstrated that pathways involved in bile acid and amino acid metabolism are altered in patients with either ALD or alcohol liver cirrhosis (Xu, Hao, et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Xu, Vatsalya, et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). One identified metabolite, &lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;-Luaroglycine, has been shown to have 100% sensitivity and 90% negative predictive value in identifying cirrhosis in ALD patients (Suciu et al., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;); however, most studies have been limited to small numbers of patients and have yet to be validated in large cohorts of patients. The largest study to date is from Japan, where the authors analyzed the plasma of male chronic alcohol drinkers (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 896) (Harada et al., &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;). They identified 19 metabolites (involved in amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, and vitamin metabolism) that correlated with alcohol consumption and increased threonine and decreased levels of guanidinosuccinate and glutamine were associated with alcohol-induced liver injury (Harada et al., ).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We read with interest the recent &lt;i&gt;ACER&lt;","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"95-98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Articles of Public Interest","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/acer.15480","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15480","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Adults aged 35 to 60 are drinking at unprecedented rates, with those who binge drank in high school reporting more past 30-day high-risk drinking in midlife. And this link may be especially strong for women, according to a study just published in &lt;i&gt;Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research&lt;/i&gt; Health. These trends are particularly concerning as health conditions, and biological processes common with aging put adults in midlife at greater health risk from alcohol use.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Twenty to 30 percent of all the 35- to 60-year-olds in the study reported binge drinking (four or more drinks for women, five for men), and one out of ten reported high-intensity drinking—having eight to ten drinks in one sitting. Compared to people who did not binge drink in high school, people in the study who binge drank at age 18 had higher rates of alcohol use on a range of alcohol use measures—typical number of drinks, maximum number of drinks, number of binge drinking episodes and number of high-intensity drinking episodes. For example, among those who didn't binge at age 18, only 20% reported binge drinking in midlife compared with 40% among those who did binge at age 18.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alcohol use is one of the biggest contributors to illness and death for all adults, and alcohol use conveys even more risk for adults in midlife. Decreases in muscle mass and metabolism that are a part of the aging process may inhibit the body's ability to process alcohol. People at this age more commonly have health conditions that are made worse by heavier drinking, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While men drank more than women on all measures, the association between binge drinking in high school and high-intensity drinking in midlife was stronger for women. Women who reported binge drinking at age 18 were three times more likely to report high-intensity drinking in midlife; men were twice as likely to report high-intensity drinking if they binge drank at age 18. The researchers noted that alcohol use among women in midlife has risen steadily in recent years, while alcohol use among men has not.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Age and race/ethnicity were associated with drinking behaviors. Although alcohol use declined with age, still, one in five 60-year-olds reported binge drinking. And the link between high school binge drinking and maximum drinks was stronger at age 60 than at age 35. White participants reported higher typical and maximum drinks than other racial or ethnic groups. Previous studies have found that non-White drinkers may experience greater adverse outcomes from alcohol use, despite their lower rates of alcohol use frequency, quantity, and alcohol use disorder compared to whites.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For the study, researchers examined data from more than 5000 surveys of adults aged 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 60 who have been participating in a national longitudinal study since twelfth grade to understand whether there were long-term connections between bing","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"48 11","pages":"1994"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}