Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"Control of precision grip in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure","authors":"Roger W. Simmons,&nbsp;Jennifer D. Thomas,&nbsp;Tanya T. Nguyen,&nbsp;Sarah N. Mattson,&nbsp;Edward P. Riley","doi":"10.1111/acer.15504","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15504","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fine motor skill deficits have been reported for children with histories of prenatal alcohol exposure, but little is known whether impaired motor skill extends to the regulation of precision grip control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with (<i>n</i> = 15) and without (<i>n</i> = 17) histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure used their dominant hand to grasp, lift, and hold in space a small-instrumented object with a mass of 19 g. Object mass was also experimentally increased by separately adding two aluminum cubes with mass of 200 and 400 g. Participants completed a block of eight trials for each object mass with the last six trials in each trial block being statistically analyzed. Selected temporal and kinetic parameters of grip force (GF) and load force (LF) were examined to quantitatively index precision grip performance of the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to typically developing peers, children with prenatal alcohol exposure used excessive and more variable LF and greater GF to lift each object mass, with more finger GF than thumb GF being applied to the apparatus. The GF/LF ratio for the clinical group was greater when lifting the smallest mass load. When holding the object in space, children with prenatal alcohol exposure produced greater GF for the smallest mass load, again with more GF being applied via the finger compared to the thumb.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure demonstrate force deficits when using precision grip to manipulate an object with three different masses. Chronic irregular precision grip could manifest as a fine motor skill developmental delay that may negatively impact completion of functional activities of daily living requiring grasping an object with the index finger and thumb.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"345-357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing initial/early aversion-resistant drinking across male and female alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats","authors":"Kari M. Haines,&nbsp;Nicholle E. Smith,&nbsp;Cristine L. Czachowski","doi":"10.1111/acer.15518","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15518","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One trait of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is continuing to drink despite negative consequences. The current study investigated initial/early aversion-resistant drinking (ARD) across selectively bred alcohol-preferring lines to assess aversion resistance with minimal ethanol history and subsequent ethanol-seeking and drinking profiles. Additionally, ARD was assessed in alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats using a sucrose reinforcer to determine if ARD may be a genetic risk factor for AUD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Male and female alcohol-preferring rats were given four concentrations of quinine (0.03, 0.10, 0.30, and 1.00 g/L—in random order) in an ethanol solution in the homecage for 30 min daily across 12 days. Seeking and drinking were then assessed in the operant chambers. Additional groups of alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats were given access to the same concentrations of quinine-adulterated sucrose using the same daily, random-order presentation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In ethanol, all preferring lines performed similarly, showing resistance to quinine at the lowest concentration. In the homecage, high-alcohol-drinking (HAD)1 rats drank high levels of ethanol similar to alcohol-preferring (P) rats, whereas in an operant task were more similar to the HAD2 rats. In sucrose, P and HAD2 rats were shown to be aversion resistant at low concentrations of quinine compared to baseline. Overall, the non-preferring lines all demonstrated sensitivity to quinine-adulterated sucrose.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates alcohol-preferring lines show similar ARD when ethanol is the reinforcer. Regarding motivated responding, P rats show high-seeking and drinking behaviors as previously observed. In the homecage, HAD1 rats drink similarly to P rats indicating that different conditions (i.e., free vs. operant access) influence drinking behaviors between these lines. Importantly, in a sucrose reinforcer, alcohol-preferring rats are more aversion-resistant than non-preferring lines, while non-preferring lines show high sensitivity to aversion, suggesting an overall tendency to demonstrate a low level of compulsive behavior.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"476-487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15518","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multimodal neuroimaging study of youth at risk for substance use disorders: Functional magnetic resonance imaging and [18F]fallypride positron emission tomography","authors":"Maja Nikolic,&nbsp;Sylvia M. L. Cox,&nbsp;Natalia Jaworska,&nbsp;Natalie Castellanos-Ryan,&nbsp;Alain Dagher,&nbsp;Frank Vitaro,&nbsp;Mara Brendgen,&nbsp;Sophie Parent,&nbsp;Michel Boivin,&nbsp;Sylvana Côté,&nbsp;Richard E. Tremblay,&nbsp;Jean R. Séguin,&nbsp;Marco Leyton","doi":"10.1111/acer.15511","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15511","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescent alcohol use is the norm, but only some develop a substance use disorder. The increased risk might reflect heightened mesocorticolimbic responses to reward-related cues but results published to date have been inconsistent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young social drinkers (age 18.5 ± 0.6 y.o.) who have been followed since birth were recruited from high- versus low-risk trajectories based on externalizing (EXT) behavioral traits. All had functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans to measure mesocorticolimbic responses to alcohol, juice, and water cues (High EXT: 20F/10M; Low EXT: 15F/12M). Most had positron emission tomography (PET) [¹⁸F]fallypride scans to measure brain regional dopamine D2 receptor availabilities (<i>n</i> = 47).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with the low EXT group, high EXT participants reported larger subjective responses to the alcohol and juice cues (vs. water). Despite this, a main effect of group was not seen for brain activation responses to the alcohol and juice cues. Instead, low EXT participants exhibited higher mesocorticolimbic activations to alcohol than juice, whereas these activations did not differ in the high EXT group. Across all participants, alcohol (vs. water) blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses in the striatum and amygdala were associated with midbrain [¹⁸F]fallypride BP_ND values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young social drinkers at high versus low risk for substance use disorders did not exhibit larger mesocorticolimbic BOLD activations to alcohol-related cues and their responses poorly differentiated alcohol from juice. These observations raise the possibility that (i) diminished mesocorticolimbic BOLD differentiations between reward-related cues might be a marker of increased risk for substance use disorders, and (ii) previously reported large BOLD responses to drug-related cues in people with substance use disorders might better identify the disease than pre-existing vulnerability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"332-344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the intersection of prenatal alcohol exposure and postnatal adversity: A systematic review from a developmental psychopathology lens","authors":"Madeline N. Rockhold,&nbsp;Elizabeth D. Handley,&nbsp;Christie L. M. Petrenko","doi":"10.1111/acer.15483","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15483","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are among the most common neurodevelopmental disabilities. Individuals with FASD experience postnatal adversity (PA; i.e., child maltreatment or other potentially traumatic events) at exceedingly high rates. This adversity is connected to increased internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. The current systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature regarding the intersectionality of FASD/prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and postnatal adversity utilizing the developmental psychopathology (DP) framework. Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards, systematic identification of studies through PsycInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science was conducted. Primary data on PAE, postnatal adversity, individual functioning (biological, cognitive, and affective), external systems, and familial and cultural contexts were extracted. Furthermore, quality assessment information was extracted for all studies. Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, individuals with FASD experience a weighted mean of 4.44 adverse childhood experiences. Multifinality in developmental outcomes was evident, as FASD and postnatal exposure impact mental health, cognitive ability, and biological processes. Cultural context and familial settings contribute to risk and resilience factors. The quality assessment points to unique strengths and areas for improvement within the literature. Aligning with the DP framework, the intersection of FASD and postnatal adversity is complex and impacts various developmental processes. Systems and cultural context add to this complexity. Intervention development taking into consideration these multiple factors is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"25-42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment and application of murine models of alcoholic liver disease: A narrative review","authors":"Mengsi Liu,&nbsp;Mingying Zhou,&nbsp;Xueyi Ren,&nbsp;Yandi Xie","doi":"10.1111/acer.15520","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15520","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, there have been significant advances in pathological research on alcoholic liver disease (ALD), with suitable animal models making a significant contribution. However, the currently established animal ALD models still have some significant drawbacks, especially the inability to induce the entire human ALD lineage, which may be related to physiological differences between animals and humans. This review comprehensively summarized the most widely used experimental models of ALD, including voluntary drinking, Lieber–DeCarli, Meadows–Cook, Tsukamoto–French, NIAAA, and the “second hit” model. “Second hit” refers to an additional factor that damages the liver. There are various “second hit” models that fall into two main categories: particular diets and drugs. These models can either simulate human drinking patterns more accurately or produce varying degrees of ALD without significantly increasing animal mortality. We introduced the established method of the original models, discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the existing models from the aspects of operability and practicality, and provided existing improvement methods, hoping to provide a reference for future researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"271-284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial of Native CHOICES: Impact on alcohol-exposed pregnancy risk reduction among American Indian and Alaska Native women","authors":"Jessica Hanson,&nbsp;Carolyn Noonan,&nbsp;Kyra Oziel,&nbsp;Karen Little Wounded,&nbsp;Serea Darnell,&nbsp;Robert Rosenman,&nbsp;Marcia O'Leary,&nbsp;Richard MacLehose,&nbsp;Michelle Sarche,&nbsp;Dedra Buchwald","doi":"10.1111/acer.15521","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15521","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prevention of alcohol-exposed pregnancy (AEP) involves reducing risky alcohol consumption among women at-risk for pregnancy, using effective contraception among women drinking at risky levels to prevent pregnancy, or both. This study presents the outcomes of a randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of Native CHOICES, a culturally tailored adaptation of the CHOICES intervention, among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AI/AN women aged 18–44 who were at-risk for an AEP were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the Native CHOICES intervention or a waitlist control group. Native CHOICES comprised two sessions of motivational interviewing and an elective contraception counseling session. Data were collected at baseline, and 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postbaseline. Due to the pandemic, the intervention was at times delivered remotely.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 404 women participated: 199 in the control group and 205 in the intervention group. Sixty-seven percent of the intervention group received the intervention in-person, and 33% participated by telephone or video call. Sixty-four percent of women completed all follow-up visits. At the six-month follow-up, the intervention did not demonstrate a significant impact on AEP risk compared with the control arm when analyzing all the data (RR = 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.83–1.07). However, an exploratory subgroup analysis showed evidence of a reduction in AEP risk among participants who completed the study in-person before the COVID-19 pandemic (RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.63–0.98), which was not observed during or after the pandemic (RR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.91–1.24).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Native CHOICES intervention did not show evidence of effectiveness overall. However, exploratory analyses offer some evidence that the intervention was effective prior to the pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"488-498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiology and correlates of alcohol misuse in early midlife","authors":"Erin Lumpe,&nbsp;Angela Pascale,&nbsp;Mallory Stephenson,&nbsp;Peter Barr,&nbsp;Megan E. Cooke,&nbsp;Antti Latvala,&nbsp;Hermine H. M. Maes,&nbsp;Sari Aaltonen,&nbsp;Maarit Piirtola,&nbsp;Richard Viken,&nbsp;Richard J. Rose,&nbsp;Pyry N. Sipilä,&nbsp;Anna Keski-Rahkonen,&nbsp;Eero Vuoksimaa,&nbsp;Jaakko Kaprio,&nbsp;Danielle M. Dick,&nbsp;Jessica E. Salvatore","doi":"10.1111/acer.15513","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15513","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early midlife individuals (ages 30–40) experience demographic shifts that may influence the remainder of adult life. Although new or persistent alcohol misuse is common during this period, early midlife is understudied in alcohol use literature. We examined the heritability of alcohol misuse; the associations between alcohol misuse and sociodemographic factors, physical health, and well-being; and whether these associations were robust in cotwin comparisons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were 1446 Finnish twin pairs and 748 nonpaired Finnish twins with mean age 34 years. The alcohol misuse index was a composite measure of frequency of use, intoxication, heavy episodic drinking, and alcohol problems assessed with the Malmö-modified Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test and the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index. Early midlife correlates included relationship status and length, family formation, unemployment status, education level, self-rated health, pain, sleeping difficulties, life satisfaction, psychological health, and other substance use. We employed a sex-limitation model to estimate early midlife heritability. Linear and fixed effects regression models were used for individual and cotwin comparison analyses, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Additive genetic (A) and unique environmental (E) components of alcohol misuse variance differed across sex (Females: A = 62%, E = 38%; Males: A = 49%, E = 51%). In individual-based analyses, higher scores on the alcohol misuse index were associated with lower relationship stability, financial situation, education level, self-rated health, physical fitness, life satisfaction and psychological health, and higher self-reported pain, sleep difficulties, unemployment rates and other substance use (<i>R</i>² = 0.008–0.12). Associations remained significant in cotwin comparison analyses (<i>R</i>² <i>=</i> 0.004–0.10) except for financial situation and education level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is evidence of sex differences in the etiological factors that influence early midlife drinking. After controlling for confounding familial factors, associations between alcohol misuse and poorer early midlife functioning largely remained, suggesting that alcohol misuse may play a role in poorer functioning across several outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"301-314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased mortality from alcohol use disorder, alcohol-associated liver disease, and liver cancer from alcohol among older adults in the United States: 2000 to 2021","authors":"Pojsakorn Danpanichkul,&nbsp;Kwanjit Duangsonk,&nbsp;Ethan Kai Jun Tham,&nbsp;Primrose Tothanarungroj,&nbsp;Thanida Auttapracha,&nbsp;Vitchapong Prasitsumrit,&nbsp;Benedix Sim,&nbsp;Daniel Tung,&nbsp;Romelia Barba,&nbsp;Robert J. Wong,&nbsp;Lorenzo Leggio,&nbsp;Ju Dong Yang,&nbsp;Vincent L. Chen,&nbsp;Mazen Noureddin,&nbsp;Luis Antonio Díaz,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Arab,&nbsp;Karn Wijarnpreecha,&nbsp;Suthat Liangpunsakul","doi":"10.1111/acer.15516","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15516","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the trends in alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), liver cancer from alcohol, and alcohol use disorder (AUD) burden among older adults in the United States (US).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We gathered the ALD, liver cancer from alcohol, and AUD prevalence, mortality, and age-standardized rates (ASRs) from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 between 2010 and 2021. We estimated the annual percent change (APC) with confidence intervals (CIs) for the burden of ALD, liver cancer from alcohol, and AUD in older adults (&gt;70 years) in the United States. The findings were contrasted with global estimates and categorized by sex and state.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 2021, there were approximately 512,340 cases of AUD, 56,990 cases of ALD, and 4490 cases of primary liver cancer from alcohol among older adults in the United States. In contrast to declining ASRs of prevalence and mortality in the global burden, these parameters were increased in older adults in the United States. From 2000 to 2021, prevalence from AUD (APC: 0.54%, 95% CI 0.43% to 0.65%), ALD (APC + 0.54%, 95% CI 0.22% to 0.86%), and primary liver cancer from alcohol (APC 2.93%, 95% CI 2.76% to 3.11%) increased. Forty states in the United States exhibited a rise in the prevalence rates of ALD in older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlighted the increased prevalence and mortality of AUD, ALD, and primary liver cancer from alcohol among older adults in the United Sates, contrasting with the decline in global trends. Public health strategies on ALD, AUD, and primary liver cancer from alcohol, which targets older adults, are urgently needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"368-378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15516","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parents' perspectives and behaviors regarding their child's access to alcohol: Variation by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and neighborhood","authors":"Carolyn E. Sartor,&nbsp;Shawn J. Latendresse,&nbsp;Kristina M. Jackson,&nbsp;Mai-Ly N. Steers,&nbsp;Sharon Lipperman-Kreda,&nbsp;Tim Slade,&nbsp;Tammy Chung","doi":"10.1111/acer.15498","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15498","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Setting rules about alcohol use and minimizing its availability in the home are known effective parent-level strategies for reducing underage drinking risk. However, parents' restrictions and their perceptions of their child's alcohol access have rarely been considered in combination (e.g., determining if rule-setting consistently accompanies perceived easy access), despite the potential to inform targeted prevention. The current study identified patterns in six parent-reported indicators of their child's alcohol restrictions and access and characterized them with respect to race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, community type (urban, suburban, or rural), and neighborhood (dis)advantage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Latent profile analysis was applied to Follow-up Year 2 data from the parents of Black, Latinx, and White participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (<i>n</i> = 9586; youth mean age = 12.05; 47.50% girl, 51.32% boy, 0.32% other gender; 14.29% Black, 25.97% Latinx, and 59.74% White) to derive distinct profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four profiles (subgroups) emerged: High Restrictions/No Drinkers in Household (32.18%), Low Restrictions/High Access (29.58%), High Restrictions/High Access (26.38%), and High Restrictions/Low Access (11.86%). Black and Latinx youth and parents with relatively low educational attainment and income were overrepresented in the High Restrictions/No Drinkers in Household and High Restrictions/Low Access subgroups. By contrast, the low restrictions subgroups were composed primarily of parents of White youth living in advantaged neighborhoods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings support the notion that parents' perspectives and behaviors around youth alcohol access cannot be divided simply into restrictive and permissive. Further, the observed differences by demographic and neighborhood factors suggest the value of tailoring parent-level prevention approaches to consider community norms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 1","pages":"234-243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the effects of alcohol policies on treatment admissions and birth outcomes among young pregnant people","authors":"Nancy F. Berglas,&nbsp;Sue Thomas,&nbsp;Ryan Treffers,&nbsp;Pamela J. Trangenstein,&nbsp;Meenakshi S. Subbaraman,&nbsp;Sarah C. M. Roberts","doi":"10.1111/acer.15512","DOIUrl":"10.1111/acer.15512","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines whether state-level alcohol policy types in the United States relate to substance use disorder treatment admissions and birth outcomes among young pregnant and birthing people.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used data from the Treatment Episode Data Set: Admissions (TEDS-A) and Vital Statistics birth data for 1992–2019. We examined 16 state-level policies, grouped into three types: youth-specific, general population, and pregnancy-specific alcohol policies. Using Poisson and logistic regression, we assessed policy effects for those under 21 (aged 15–20) and considered whether effects differed for those just over 21 (aged 21–24).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Youth-specific policies were not associated with treatment admissions or preterm birth. There were statistically significant associations between family exceptions to minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) policies and low birthweight, but findings were in opposite directions across possession-focused and consumption-focused (MLDA) policies and did not differentially apply to people 15–20 versus 21–24. Most pregnancy-specific policies were not associated with treatment admissions, and none were significantly associated with birth outcomes. A few general population policies were associated with improved birth outcomes and/or increased treatment admissions. Specifically, both government spirits monopolies and prohibitions of spirits and heavy beer sales in gas stations were associated with decreased low birthweight among people 15–20 and among people 21–24. Effects of Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) limits varied by age, with slight reductions in adverse birth outcomes among people 15–20, as BAC limits get stronger, but slight increases for those 21–24. Although treatment admissions rates across ages were similar when BAC limits were in place, treatment admissions were greater for pregnant people 21–24 than for 15–20 when there were no BAC limits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>General population policies also appear effective for reducing the adverse effects of drinking during pregnancy for young people, including those under 21. Policies that target people based on age or pregnancy status appear less effective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"460-475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}