{"title":"Back Cover: Aggregation induced edge sites actuation of 3D MoSe2/rGO electrocatalyst for high-performing water splitting system","authors":"Gnanaprakasam Janani, Subramani Surendran, Dong-Kyu Lee, Sathyanarayanan Shanmugapriya, Hyunjung Lee, Yuvaraj Subramanian, Uk Sim","doi":"10.1002/agt2.557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.557","url":null,"abstract":"<p>MoSe<sub>2</sub>/rGO heterostructure electrocatalyst was synthesized using an in-situ hydrothermal method, showcasing an aggregated 3D MoSe<sub>2</sub> over rGO and exposing additional active edge sites. The amalgamation of the 3D MoSe<sub>2</sub> structure with interfacial covalent bonds establishes an optimal electronic environment, facilitating its HER and OER with minimal overpotentials, reaching higher current density and stability, making it a cost-effective electrocatalyst for water splitting (e430).\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.557","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140556329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The marriage of perovskite nanocrystals with lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles for advanced optoelectronic applications","authors":"Wen Zhang, Wei Zheng, Ping Huang, Dengfeng Yang, Zhiqing Shao, Xueyuan Chen","doi":"10.1002/agt2.558","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.558","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The exceptional optoelectronic properties of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) in the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions have positioned them as a promising class of semiconductor materials for diverse optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. However, their limited response to near-infrared (NIR) light due to the intrinsic bandgap (>1.5 eV) has hindered their applications in many advanced technologies. To circumvent this limitation, it is of fundamental significance to integrate PeNCs with lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that are capable of efficiently converting low-energy NIR photons into high-energy ultraviolet and visible photons. By leveraging the energy transfer from UCNPs to PeNCs, this synergistic combination can not only expand the NIR responsivity range of PeNCs but also introduce novel emission profiles to upconversion luminescence with multi-dimensional tunability (e.g., wavelength, lifetime, and polarization) under low-to-medium power NIR irradiation, which breaks through the inherent restrictions of individual PeNCs and UCNPs and thereby opens up new opportunities for materials and device engineering. In this review, we focus on the latest advancements in the development of PeNCs-UCNPs nanocomposites, with an emphasis on the controlled synthesis and optical properties design for advanced optoelectronic applications such as full-spectrum solar cells, NIR photodetectors, and multilevel anticounterfeiting. Some future efforts and prospects toward this active research field are also envisioned.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago, Mario Moisés Alvarez
{"title":"Together but not scrambled: A perspective on chaotic printing/bioprinting","authors":"Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago, Mario Moisés Alvarez","doi":"10.1002/agt2.548","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.548","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Structures in nature are often multi-material, and their structures have a fine balance between segregation and aggregation (mixed, but not scrambled) that provides functionality. Chaotic fabrication, a technology that exploits the ability of chaotic advection to create predictable and reproducible multilayered structures, excels at producing materials where this balance can be achieved and finely tuned. This method is based on the use of chaotic mixing systems, which can produce constructs with highly organized internal micro-architecture in a simple and cost-effective way. This manuscript provides a perspective on how chaotic printing can be a great enabler in the manufacture of advanced materials, including living tissues. Chaotic printing may overcome many of the critical hurdles that are currently faced in manufacturing and biofabrication (e.g., creating a wide array of interfaces, reaching high resolutions rapidly and at low cost, and producing densely vascularized tissues). The manuscript introduces the technology, explains how the idea originated, presents a timeline that provides a recapitulation of the milestones achieved so far, describes the main characteristics, advantages, limitations, and challenges of the technology, and concludes with future perspectives on the evolution and use of this versatile method.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.548","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrabright NIR AIEgen nanoparticles-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay platform for accurate diagnostics of complex samples","authors":"Jia Shu, Yujian Li, Huan Cai, Qing Fu, Chunyang Li, Jianbo Yuan, Yan Zhao, Changjin Liu, Haiping Wu, Doudou Ling, Zhangluxi Liu, Guannan Su, Qingfeng Cao, Xiaolin Huang, Rui Chen, Peizeng Yang","doi":"10.1002/agt2.551","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.551","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate and sensitive near-infrared (NIR) luminescent lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) has attracted considerable attention in the field of point-of-care testing (POCT). However, the detection accuracy and sensitivity are often compromised by the low fluorescence quantum efficiency (<10%) of the NIR fluorescent probe. Herein, ultrabright NIR AIEgen nanoparticles (PS@AIE<sub>830</sub>NPs) composed of polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles and NIR aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) with the maximum emission at 830 nm (AIE<sub>830</sub>) is reported, and its potential to promote an accurate and sensitive detection of complex samples by LFIA is described. The relative quantum yield (QY) of the PS@AIE<sub>830</sub>NPs was 14.76%, which was superior to that of the polymer embedding method and indocyanine green (ICG)-based NIR nanoparticles. The PS@AIE<sub>830</sub>NPs immunolabeled-LFIA combined with laboratory-built NIR-LFIA portable quantitative instruments (detected light range > 800 nm) completely eliminated background interference and allowed highly accurate and sensitive detection without any pre-treatment steps. The limits of detection (LODs) for aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>) in soy sauce, alpha hemolysin (Hla) of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> biomarker in joint fluid, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human haemolysed samples were 0.01 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>, 0.02 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>, and 0.156 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, commensurating with those of the corresponding gold standard assays and covering the detection range of interests. It is anticipated that the ultrabright NIR AIEgen nanoparticles will serve as a universally applicable signal probe for NIR-LFIA diagnostics, promising to expand the range of applications for quantitative detection of complex samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of alloy-like phase on energy loss mitigation in multi-component organic photovoltaics","authors":"Xiangyue Kong, Lingling Zhan, Zhongjie Li, Yaxin Yang, Yuhao Liu, Huayu Qiu, Xiaokang Sun, Hanlin Hu, Rui Sun, Jie Min, Shouchun Yin, Weifei Fu, Hongzheng Chen","doi":"10.1002/agt2.553","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.553","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The multi-component strategy has proven effective in advancing the performance of organic photovoltaics (OPVs), enhancing photocurrent and fill factor through spectral complementarity and morphology optimization. However, the open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>OC</sub>) mechanism in multi-component systems lacks systematic investigation. In this study, we explore the influence of alloy-like phases on energy level distribution and energy loss mechanisms in multi-component OPVs. Appropriate modulation of donor alloy-like phases maintains the original intermolecular stacking, enhances component compatibility, reduces acceptor aggregation, and improves acceptor phase purity, mitigating non-radiative recombination losses. Additionally, suitable alloy-like phase modulation elevates charge transfer (CT) states, reducing the gap between CT and local exciton state, lowering reorganization energy, and alleviating radiative recombination loss below the bandgap. Through synergistic optimization (layer-by-layer method with solid additive), ternary devices based on Y6 acceptor achieve a notable 19.41% power conversion efficiency, offering new insights for the analysis of the energy loss of the multi-component OPVs.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.553","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable biomedical microfibers from natural products","authors":"Jiahui Guo, Xinyue Cao, Zhiqiang Luo, Yujuan Zhu, Yuanjin Zhao, Xiaosong Gu","doi":"10.1002/agt2.549","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.549","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microfibers from natural products are endowed with remarkable biocompatibility, biodegradability, sustainable utilization as well as environmental protection characteristics etc. Benefitting from these advantages, microfibers have demonstrated their prominent values in biomedical applications. This review comprehensively summarizes the relevant research progress of sustainable microfibers from natural products and their biomedical applications. To begin, common natural elements are introduced for the microfiber fabrication. After that, the focus is on the specific fabrication technology and process. Subsequently, biomedical applications of sustainable microfibers are discussed in detail. Last but not least, the main challenges during the development process are summarized, followed by a vision for future development opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.549","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140570466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shengnan Liu, Yu Pei, Yan Sun, Ziwei Wang, Haoran Chen, Dongxia Zhu, Martin R. Bryce, Ben Zhong Tang, Yulei Chang
{"title":"“Three birds with one stone” nanoplatform: Efficient near-infrared-triggered type‑I AIE photosensitizer for mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumors","authors":"Shengnan Liu, Yu Pei, Yan Sun, Ziwei Wang, Haoran Chen, Dongxia Zhu, Martin R. Bryce, Ben Zhong Tang, Yulei Chang","doi":"10.1002/agt2.547","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.547","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Currently three major problems seriously limit the practical application of cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT): (i) the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME); (ii) low generation efficiency of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aggregates and (iii) shallow tissue penetration depth of excitation light. Very limited approaches are available for addressing all the above three problems with a single design. Herein, a rational “three birds with one stone” molecular and nanoengineering strategy is demonstrated: a photodynamic nanoplatform <b>U-Ir@PAA-ABS</b> based on the covalent combination of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and an AIE-active dinuclear Ir(III) complex provides a low oxygen concentration-dependent type-I photochemical process upon 980 nm irradiation by Föster resonance energy transfer (FRET). <b>U-Ir@PAA-ABS</b> targets mitochondria and has excellent phototoxicity even in severe hypoxia environments upon 980 nm irradiation, inducing a dual-mode cell death mechanism by apoptosis and ferroptosis. Taken together, the in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate a successful strategy for improving the efficacy of PDT against hypoxic tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140301394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"C─H···π interaction induced H-aggregates for wide range water content detection in organic solvents","authors":"Jiajun Xu, Meifen Huang, Haijun Pang, Zhehui Weng, Guangzhi Hu, Siman Zhang, Qiuling Yang, Qiong Wu","doi":"10.1002/agt2.546","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.546","url":null,"abstract":"<p>J-aggregation and H-aggregation are identified as two classical models of functionally oriented non-covalent interactions, and significant attention has been drawn by researchers. However, due to the scarcity of single-crystal examples of H-aggregation, a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between its stacking mode and optical behaviour has been hindered. In recent studies, two polyaromatic Schiff base compounds, Cl-Salmphen and H-Salmphen, were successfully synthesized, and both were found to exhibit H-aggregation. In the findings, H-Salmphen was shown to display typical C─H···π interactions, characteristic of Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) active molecules, whereas its halogenated counterpart was identified as behaving similar to Aggregation-Caused Quenching (ACQ) active molecules. These types of results suggest that identical intermolecular interactions can produce differing optical behaviours. Light was shed, at least in part, on the formation mechanisms of H-type aggregates and their luminescence properties from these observations. Additionally, the high optical signal-to-noise ratio inherent to H-aggregates was utilized for the exploration of water content detection. As an outcome, a high-performance fluorescent filter paper was developed, enabling easy real-time detection using a smartphone.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.546","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140301189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaomin Ye, Chaoyu Yang, Li Wang, Qihui Fan, Luoran Shang, Fangfu Ye
{"title":"MXene confined microcapsules for uremic toxins elimination","authors":"Xiaomin Ye, Chaoyu Yang, Li Wang, Qihui Fan, Luoran Shang, Fangfu Ye","doi":"10.1002/agt2.542","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.542","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adsorbents with high adsorption efficiency and excellent biosafety for biomedical applications are highly required. MXene is a promising candidate owning these advantages, yet pristine MXene faces dilemmas including insufficient utility of surface site as well as limited processibility. Here, we develop MXene-encapsulated porous microcapsules via microfluidics. The microcapsules have a biomass hydrogel shell that provides robust support for MXene in the core, by which the microcapsules are endowed with high MXene dosage and remarkable biosafety. Additionally, the MXene nanoflakes assemble into a three-dimensional network via metal ion-induced gelation, thereby avoiding restacking and significantly improving surface utilization. Moreover, a freeze-pretreatment of the microcapsules during preparation results in the formation of a macroporous structure in the shell, which can facilitate the diffusion of the target molecules. These features, combined with additional magneto-responsiveness rendered by the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles, contribute to prominent performances of the microcapsules in cleaning uremia toxins including creatinine, urea, and uric acid. Thus, it is anticipated that the MXene-encapsulated microcapsules will be promising adsorbents in dialysis-related applications, and the combination of microfluidic encapsulation with metal ion gelation will provide a novel approach for construction of hybrid MXene materials with desired functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.542","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Zhang, Luoqi Liang, Hexiang Li, Yuqing Cao, Du Meng, Xinru Li, Meichen Wang, Jingyuan Wang, Yao Yao, Shaoqiang Zhang, Chao Chen, Peng Hou, Qi Yang
{"title":"Smart multi-functional aggregates reoxygenate tumor microenvironment through a two-pronged strategy to revitalize cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Yan Zhang, Luoqi Liang, Hexiang Li, Yuqing Cao, Du Meng, Xinru Li, Meichen Wang, Jingyuan Wang, Yao Yao, Shaoqiang Zhang, Chao Chen, Peng Hou, Qi Yang","doi":"10.1002/agt2.545","DOIUrl":"10.1002/agt2.545","url":null,"abstract":"<p>PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have emerged as standard treatments for advanced solid tumors; however, challenges such as a low overall response rate and systemic side effects impede their implementation. Hypoxia drives the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment, which is a leading reason for the failure of immunotherapies. Despite some reported strategies to alleviate hypoxia, their individual limitations constrain further improvements. Herein, a novel two-pronged strategy is presented to efficiently address hypoxia by simultaneously adopting atovaquone (ATO, inhibiting oxygen consumption) and oxyhemoglobin (HbO<sub>2</sub>, directly supplementing oxygen) within a multifunctional aggregate termed NPs-aPD-1/HbO<sub>2</sub>/ATO. In addition to eliminating hypoxia with these two components, this smart aggregate also includes albumin and an ROS-responsive cross-linker as a controlled release scaffold, along with PD-1 antibody (aPD-1) for immunotherapy. Intriguingly, NPs-aPD-1/HbO<sub>2</sub>/ATO demonstrates exceptional tumor targeting in vivo, exhibiting ≈4.2 fold higher accumulation in tumors than in the liver. Consequently, this aggregate not only effectively mitigates hypoxia and significantly assists aPD-1 immunotherapy but also simultaneously resolves the targeting and systemic toxicity issues associated with individual administration of each component. This study proposes substantial implications for drug-targeted delivery, addressing tumor hypoxia and advancing immunotherapy, providing valuable insights for advancing cancer treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}