{"title":"Synthesis and investigation of structural and high temperature conduction mechanism of TiO2/N-GQDs nanocomposite thin films as a transparent conducting material","authors":"Adesh Kumar, Seema Azad, Subhash Chand","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07766-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-024-07766-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study includes the synthesis and characterization of N-GQDs, pure TiO<sub>2</sub>, and TiO<sub>2</sub>/N-GQDs nanocomposites thin films prepared by spin-coating technique. The gel of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and N-GQDs was prepared using sol–gel and hydrothermal techniques, respectively. Further, the TiO<sub>2</sub>/N-GQDs nanocomposites were prepared by sol–gel method in the weight % ratio of 90 TiO<sub>2</sub>/10 N-GQDs and 80 TiO<sub>2</sub>/20 N-GQDs. The structural, optical and electrical behaviour of these thin film has been investigated using XRD, AFM, HR-TEM, UV–Visible spectroscopy and two probe methods. The XRD study had confirmed the tetragonal structure of TiO<sub>2</sub>. The average crystallite size calculated using Debye–Scherrer’s equation has been found to be 13.56 nm for TiO<sub>2</sub> which decreases up to 11.31 nm for 80 TiO<sub>2</sub>/20 N-GQDs. The HR-TEM analysis had confirmed the successful formation of N-GQDs having the average particle size about 8.63 nm. Further, the optical band gap was found to be 4.07 eV, 3.28 eV for N-GQDs, TiO<sub>2</sub> which increases up to 3.69 eV for 80 TiO<sub>2</sub>/20 N-GQDs thin film. Also, it has been observed that the prepared thin films are highly transparent in visible region. Further, the temperature dependent I–V characteristics of prepared thin films within the temperature range of 293–513 K and voltage range of 0–60 V depicts the decreased resistivity up to 1.85 × 10<sup>4</sup> Ω–cm at 513 K from 3.35 × 10<sup>4</sup> Ω–cm at 293 K of 80 TiO<sub>2</sub>/20 N-GQDs thin film. Moreover, the increase in the transparency of 80 TiO<sub>2</sub>/20N-GQDs thin film and decreased resistivity up to 1.85 × 10<sup>4</sup> Ω–cm at 513 K suggests its utilization as a transparent and conducting electrode in optoelectronic devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retraction Note: Optical network modelling-based data analytics for network monitoring and security analysis using hybrid computing models","authors":"Fang Li, Yalou Xie, Yong Han","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07895-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-024-07895-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retraction Note: Joint bone dislocation analysis for athlete player using quantum photonics in healthcare and sports application","authors":"Yang Xu","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07880-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-024-07880-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullah Saleh Alqahtani, Pankaj Pathak, Saravanan Pandiaraj, H. Indrapriyadarsini, U. Arun Kumar, Susheela Nataraju
{"title":"Retraction Note: Unlocking the power of recalling enhanced recurrent neural network: channel estimation and data analysis for 5G MIMO communication system","authors":"Abdullah Saleh Alqahtani, Pankaj Pathak, Saravanan Pandiaraj, H. Indrapriyadarsini, U. Arun Kumar, Susheela Nataraju","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07827-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-024-07827-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retraction Note: Cyber security analysis based medical image encryption in cloud IoT network using quantum deep learning model","authors":"Jing Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07839-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-024-07839-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retraction Note: Quantum photonics based music signal analysis with optical sensor in health monitoring using machine learning model","authors":"Siwen Li","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07886-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-024-07886-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Aboelwafa, A. M. Abdelghany, A. H. Oraby, M. S. Meikhail
{"title":"Retraction Note: Distinctive structural and biophysical features of Sol–Gel synthesized Alumino/Silicate glass–ceramic containing cerium oxide","authors":"M. A. Aboelwafa, A. M. Abdelghany, A. H. Oraby, M. S. Meikhail","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07870-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-024-07870-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11082-024-07870-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}