Graphene based Terahertz hybrid plasmonic waveguide fed patch antenna for on-chip wireless applications

IF 4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Optical and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI:10.1007/s11082-025-08432-5

Pallavi Mahankali, Rama Rao Thipparaju

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Abstract

Recent growth in Terahertz (THz) communication technology is booming due to the need for high-speed data rates and bandwidth for several wireless application scenarios. In this research, a THz patch antenna is proposed using a hybrid plasmonic THz waveguide-fed structure operating at 3 THz. The hybrid plasmonic waveguide-fed THz patch antenna (HPWTA) is constructed utilising Graphene, Silver (Ag), and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Graphene is sandwiched between Ag and GaAs to improve the light confinement. The proposed HPWTA was studied using equivalent circuit and multiphysics simulations to evaluate its mode properties and its on-chip wireless link performance was analyzed using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) technique. The simulation results demonstrated a high propagation length of 162 μm, high birefringence of 2.6, maximum mode field diameter of 41 µm², low confinement loss of 1.04 × 10⁻⁹ mm⁻¹, high effective mode area of 13.3 µm², and low anomalous dispersion of 0.23 ps/THz/cm over the frequency range of 2.5 to 3.5 THz. Additionally, the antenna exhibited a high realized gain of 7.9 dBi, 90% efficiency, and a wide bandwidth of 320 GHz at 3 THz, supporting terabit level data transmission for on-chip wireless applications.

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片上无线应用的石墨烯基太赫兹混合等离子波导贴片天线

由于一些无线应用场景需要高速数据速率和带宽，最近太赫兹（THz）通信技术正在蓬勃发展。在这项研究中，提出了一种使用混合等离子体太赫兹波导馈电结构的太赫兹贴片天线，工作在3thz。混合等离子体波导馈电太赫兹贴片天线（HPWTA）是利用石墨烯、银（Ag）和砷化镓（GaAs）构建的。石墨烯夹在银和砷化镓之间，以改善光约束。利用等效电路和多物理场仿真对所提出的HPWTA进行了研究，并利用时域有限差分（FDTD）技术对其片上无线链路性能进行了分析。仿真结果表明，在2.5 ~ 3.5 THz频率范围内，该激光器具有162 μm的高传输长度、2.6的高双折射、41µm2的最大模场直径、1.04 × 10−9 mm−1的低约束损耗、13.3µm2的高有效模面积和0.23 ps/THz/cm的低异常色散。此外，该天线具有7.9 dBi的高实现增益，90%的效率和3thz时320 GHz的宽带，支持片上无线应用的太比特级数据传输。

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来源期刊

Optical and Quantum Electronics 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

20.00%

发文量

810

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Optical and Quantum Electronics provides an international forum for the publication of original research papers, tutorial reviews and letters in such fields as optical physics, optical engineering and optoelectronics. Special issues are published on topics of current interest. Optical and Quantum Electronics is published monthly. It is concerned with the technology and physics of optical systems, components and devices, i.e., with topics such as: optical fibres; semiconductor lasers and LEDs; light detection and imaging devices; nanophotonics; photonic integration and optoelectronic integrated circuits; silicon photonics; displays; optical communications from devices to systems; materials for photonics (e.g. semiconductors, glasses, graphene); the physics and simulation of optical devices and systems; nanotechnologies in photonics (including engineered nano-structures such as photonic crystals, sub-wavelength photonic structures, metamaterials, and plasmonics); advanced quantum and optoelectronic applications (e.g. quantum computing, memory and communications, quantum sensing and quantum dots); photonic sensors and bio-sensors; Terahertz phenomena; non-linear optics and ultrafast phenomena; green photonics.