Metals and Materials International最新文献

{"title":"Enhancement of Microstructural and Tensile Isotropy for Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–6Al–2Sn–2Zr–2Mo–2Cr Alloys Deposited with Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing and Interlayer Peening","authors":"Sungwon Hwang,&nbsp;Guo Xian,&nbsp;Donghyeon Choi,&nbsp;Jimin Nam,&nbsp;Sang Myung Cho,&nbsp;Jong-Taek Yeom,&nbsp;Namhyun Kang","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01735-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01735-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) deposition of Ti–6Al–4V (Ti64) and Ti–6Al–2Sn–2Zr–2Mo–2Cr (Ti62222) alloys produce long columnar grains, indicating tensile anisotropy in various directions. Therefore, this study applied interlayer peening (ILP) during WAAM to modify the solidification morphology. The index of plane anisotropy (IPA) of the as-built Ti64 deposit was 30%, whereas that of the ILP Ti64 alloy was 1%, indicating the significant effect on modifying the solidification morphology and reducing the IPA of the Ti64 deposit. However, the IPA of the as-built Ti62222 alloy was 79%, whereas that of the ILP Ti62222 alloy was 72%, indicating anisotropy in the mechanical properties despite the ILP process. In Ti64 alloy, ILP resulted in larger D_ILP (3.2 mm) than D_remelt (1.87 mm), which impeded the growth of columnar β grains and nucleated the equiaxed β grains during subsequent layer deposition. However, in Ti62222 alloy, owing to its higher hardness and Yield Strength, D_ILP (2.2 mm) and D_remelt (1.97 mm) were approximately the same, thus allowing the growth of columnar β grains to continue during subsequent layer deposition.</p>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"193 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Ca–Mg–Al–Si–O + (Ca,Mn)S Duplex Inclusions in Ca–S Free-Cutting Steel","authors":"Yao Li,&nbsp;Guoguang Cheng,&nbsp;Jinlong Lu,&nbsp;Hu Long","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01733-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01733-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Large numbers of long strip-shaped pure MnS inclusions in steel will result in anisotropy of mechanical properties. To obtain more duplex (Ca,Mn)S inclusions in steel through adding Ca can decrease the proportion of long strip-shaped pure MnS inclusions, and anisotropy of mechanical properties can be reduced. In this paper, based on three heats of Ca–S free cutting steel with Al content under 0.01%, the characteristics and formation of Ca–Mg–Al–Si–O + (Ca,Mn)S duplex inclusions in bars were analyzed. The results indicate these duplex inclusions can be classified as four types, named as “Type-C”, “TypeMC-H”, “TypeMC-L”, and “Type-M”, respectively. For Type-C, although they behave spherical, CaS is enriched in (Ca,Mn)S and CaO is enriched in core oxides. For TypeMC-H, CaS content in (Ca,Mn)S is appropriate, they behave spindle-shaped, but CaO content in core oxides closes to Type-C. The formation of Type-C or TypeMC-H consumes lots of Ca element, which makes the overall number of duplex inclusions decrease. For TypeMC-L, their compositions and shapes are both appropriate. For Type-M, although they have higher aspect ratios, their formation can reduce the formation of pure MnS inclusions and improve the distribution of sulfides. Under the condition with specific Ca/S ratio in steel, to obtain more duplex (Ca,Mn)S inclusions for reducing anisotropy of mechanical properties, numbers of Type-C and TypeMC-H should be decreased, and numbers of TypeMC-L and Type-M should be increased. The key is to make SiO₂ content in RH-end oxides as lower as possible, and Al content in steel should be controlled not less than 0.007%.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"134 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Grain Boundary Strength on Yielding Behavior and Uniaxial Tensile Properties in Ferritic Steels","authors":"Byeong-Seok Jeong,&nbsp;Siwhan Lee,&nbsp;Jeongwon Yeh,&nbsp;Eun Soo Park,&nbsp;Heung Nam Han","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01732-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01732-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The yield-point phenomenon in recrystallized ferritic steels is often associated with the dislocation multiplication mechanism, wherein the yield drop can be attributed to the lack of mobile dislocations in materials. However, the yield-point phenomenon is not consistently observed in all recrystallized ferritic steels, implying that the dislocation multiplication mechanism has constraints in delineating the yielding behavior of these materials. Therefore, in this study, we introduced grain boundary strength as a critical parameter for elucidating the yielding behavior of recrystallized ferritic steels. Three types of steels—interstitial-free (IF) steel, precipitation-hardened (PH) steel, and Mn-added interstitial-free (IF-2Mn) steel—were analyzed for grain boundary strength using nanoindentation, and the reliability of this methodology was verified by Hall–Petch analysis. The IF steel, which lacked the yield-point phenomenon, demonstrated a much lower grain boundary strength than the PH and IF-2Mn steels, where the phenomenon occurred. Microstructural analysis confirmed that the enhanced grain boundary strengths of the PH and IF-2Mn steels were due to carbon and manganese segregation at the grain boundaries, respectively. Further, the grain boundary strength significantly influenced the tensile properties and yielding behavior. In PH steels, the enhanced grain boundary strength increased the yield strength owing to Hall–Petch hardening; however, it also increased the resistance to plastic deformation propagation, resulting in reduced ductility. In the IF-2Mn steels, the two specimens with different grain sizes exhibited similar yield strengths, which could be attributed to differences in the grain boundary strength. Our findings have significant implications for the design and optimization of ferritic steels.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"22 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12540-024-01732-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Study on the Microstructural Characterization and Strengthening Mechanism of (α + β) Based Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy Processed Via Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering","authors":"S. Bharathi,&nbsp;R. Karunanithi,&nbsp;M. Prashanth,&nbsp;M. Kamaraj,&nbsp;S. Sivasankaran","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01731-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01731-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the severe plastic deformation of Ti–6Al–7Nb alloy synthesized through mechanical alloying (MA, 0–120 h) and subsequently processed via spark plasma sintering (SPS, 50 MPa, 1050 °C, 6 min). Advanced characterization techniques such as XRD, optical microscopy, HRSEM, HRTEM, EDAX, and EBSD analysis were employed to analyze the powder and consolidated specimens, focusing on the grain microstructure and formation mechanisms during MA and SPS. Mechanical properties were evaluated through micro-hardness, nano-indentation, and compression tests. The SPS 120 h sample exhibited a fine-grained microstructure dominated by the α-Ti phase, with needle-shaped minor β-Ti phases, while the SPS blended sample (0 h) displayed coarse-grained phases. Processing via MA and SPS significantly influenced the material, rendering it suitable for medical and dental applications. It is confirmed that the 120 h milled nanocrystallite sample demonstrated higher strength, with a micro-hardness of 760 VHN and compressive strength of 905 MPa, compared to the initial blended sample (0 h) with a coarse grain, which exhibited a micro-hardness of 120 VHN and compressive strength of 874 MPa. The influence of various strengthening mechanisms, such as grain boundary strengthening, solid solution strengthening, and dislocation strengthening, were elucidated and correlated with the total strength of the material.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"115 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Rare Earth Element La on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Al/Steel Bimetallic Composite Interface Fabricated by Liquid–Solid Casting","authors":"Feng Mao,&nbsp;Anzu Guo,&nbsp;Po Zhang,&nbsp;Yishuo He,&nbsp;Songhao Liu,&nbsp;Shizhong Wei,&nbsp;Chong Chen,&nbsp;Hong Xu","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01729-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01729-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research aimed to explore the influence of the rare-earth element La on the interface microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/steel bimetallic composites produced through liquid–solid casting. The addition of the rare earth element La refined the morphology of eutectic silicon and ensured its uniform and continuous distribution. The interface structure of the Al/steel bimetallic composite exhibited distinct layering, primarily comprising two layers. The first layer, termed reaction layer I, comprised Al₅Fe₂ and τ₁-Al₂Fe₃Si₃ phases. While the second layer, termed reaction layer II, consisted of Al₁₃Fe₄, τ₅-Al₇Fe₂Si, and τ₆-Al₉Fe₂Si₂ phases. The addition of La did not alter the types of intermetallic compounds present in the Al/steel reaction layer. As the La content increased to 0.3%, there was a notable reduction in the average thickness of both reaction layers I and II, reaching a minimum. The presence of La effectively restrained the growth of intermetallic compounds within the reaction layer. Consequently, the shear strength of the Al/steel bimetallic sample exhibited an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease with increasing La content. With the addition of 0.3% La, the shear strength of the sample peaked at 30.1 MPa, representing a 66% increase.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"30 12","pages":"3458 - 3468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Multi-Directional Forging Process and Its Effect on Microstructure and Three-Directional Mechanical Properties of 2195 Al-Li Alloy","authors":"Dengliang Tong,&nbsp;Youping Yi,&nbsp;Hailin He,&nbsp;Shiquan Huang,&nbsp;Jiaguo Tang","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01725-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01725-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reticular crystal phases and abnormally coarse grains are key problems that restrict the improvement of the mechanical properties and uniformity of Al-Li alloys. The effects of the multidirectional forging (MDF) process on the microstructure at the edge and center and the three-directional mechanical properties of the 2195 Al-Li alloy were investigated. The results show that the strong deformation resistance produced by one heat forging at 400 ℃ with seven upsetting and six stretching (400-7U6S-1) fully broke the reticular crystal phases at the grain boundaries and obtained the dispersed phase structure. The high density of dislocations accumulated by strong deformation promoted the dissolution of the dispersed secondary phases, and the area fraction of the secondary phase particles at the edge and center decreased from 3.88% and 1.97–0.75% and 0.61%, respectively, which prevented the occurrence of intergranular fractures and dramatically improved the ductility. Meanwhile, the dissolution of the second phases enhanced the precipitation force of the T1 phases and inhibited the precipitation of δ’ phases. Furthermore, the higher density of dislocations significantly increased the nucleation rate of dynamic recrystallization and eliminated the abnormally coarse grains, and thus acquired a uniform ultra-fined grain structure and the average grain diameter was reduced from 159 μm to 17 μm. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation in the width direction increased to 592 MPa, 545 MPa and 8.0%, respectively, and increased by 7.2%, 7.2% and 90.5%, respectively. In particular, the maximum difference in the elongation of the forgings in the width direction decreased from 83.3 to 11.1%.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"206 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and Wear Resistance of a Ni–Fe–Si–B Amorphous Composite Coating by Laser Cladding","authors":"Xuanhong Hao,&nbsp;Hongxi Liu,&nbsp;Xiaowei Zhang,&nbsp;Yueyi Wang,&nbsp;Chen Yang,&nbsp;Yaxia Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01727-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01727-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a Ni–Fe–Si–B amorphous composite coating is coated on H13 steel by laser cladding. Coatings are systematically investigated for their microstructure, phase composition, tribological behavior, and mechanical characteristics. X-ray diffraction results demonstrate that the cladding layer can be divided into the interface, transition, and compositionally stable zones, where the coating has both crystalline and amorphous phases, with up to 57% of the coating being amorphous. According to scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses, the middle and surface regions of the coating mainly consist of (Fe_0.5Ni_0.5)₃Si, Fe₂B, Fe₂NiB, Ni₃₁Si₁₂, and amorphous phases. The in-situ generated Fe₂B phase is uniformly distributed within the coating, leading to a significant enhancement in microhardness. The greatest hardness of the coating is approximately 927.04 HV_0.2. The composite coating exhibits excellent wear resistance, which is approximately 1.71 times greater than that of the substrate. Minor abrasive wear constitutes the primary wear mechanism for the coatings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"248 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Dynamic Precipitation of γ′ Phase on Dynamic Strain Aging in a Fe-Ni-Based Superalloy","authors":"Yeshun Huang,&nbsp;Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Zijian Zhou,&nbsp;Peng Zhang,&nbsp;Jingbo Yan,&nbsp;Yong Yuan,&nbsp;Yuefeng Gu,&nbsp;Chuanyong Cui,&nbsp;Yizhou Zhou,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Sun","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01728-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01728-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Discontinuous plastic flow due to dynamic strain aging (DSA) in a Fe-Ni-based superalloy was investigated by tensile tests in the temperature range from 500 ºC to 800 ºC with different γ′ fraction. Type A serrations were observed in the solutionized and as-aged specimens at 500 ºC, which was a result of diffusion of carbon atoms. The stress amplitude was affected by the dislocation density induced by the presence of γ′ phase. Type C serrations occurred in the solutionized and under-aged samples at 650 ºC and 700 ºC. With the increase of γ′ phase fraction in the initial microstructure, the stress amplitude and duration of type C serrations decreased at 700 ºC. It was demonstrated that the dominant deformation mechanisms of under-aged specimens at 650 ºC and 700 ºC were weakly-coupled dislocation pairs shearing the fine γ′ particles with slip bands, while the deformation mechanism transformed to dislocation climbing at 800 ºC. The model linking serration amplitude, solute concentration at the dislocation line and dislocation density was used to analyze the effect of γ′ dynamic precipitation on the DSA. The dynamic precipitation of γ′ phase during tensile significantly alters the DSA behavior by removing substitutional solutes responsible for γ′ precipitation from the matrix.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 1","pages":"49 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Magnesium Alloys: Wire Preparation, Defects and Properties","authors":"Yi Li,&nbsp;Siqi Yin,&nbsp;Guangzong Zhang,&nbsp;Changfeng Wang,&nbsp;Xiao Liu,&nbsp;Renguo Guan","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01724-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01724-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is widely used in the rapid prototyping of large parts because of its high deposition rate, high material utilization rate as well as low cost. However, the manufacturing process of magnesium alloy wires is relatively difficult, and the defects and performance of parts are difficult to control. This paper reviews the preparation process of magnesium alloy wires, which aims to achieve surface control and performance optimization of wires. Due to the quality of wires and the high processing temperature, the defects often occur in the deposition process. The common defects of magnesium alloy parts by WAAM are discussed and solutions are given to minimize it. The research advances in microstructure, mechanical properties, damping properties and corrosion properties are summarized. WAAM has performance advantages compared to casting, but the microstructure is inhomogeneous and the properties are anisotropic. Several quality improvement strategies are reported to improve properties and reduce defects. The effectiveness and applicability of these strategies are discussed, and the future prospects of WAAM for magnesium alloys are proposed. The preparation of high-performance wires, the formation mechanism of defects and microstructure are three keys for future improvement of WAAM for magnesium alloy.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"30 12","pages":"3243 - 3267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Pre-Deformation on Precipitation in Al–Zn–Mg–Cu Alloy","authors":"Yujin Rhee,&nbsp;Elisabeth Thronsen,&nbsp;Oskar Ryggetangen,&nbsp;Calin D. Marioara,&nbsp;Randi Holmestad,&nbsp;Equo Kobayashi","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01718-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01718-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, strengthening effects and evolution of precipitates in a pre-deformed Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy during ageing were investigated using Vickers hardness measurements, tensile tests, and high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). It was found that all cold rolled conditions had higher mechanical strength than the non-deformed condition for all ageing times and that this effect increases at higher deformation ratios. It was also found that the non-deformed condition has a higher age hardening response than that of the cold rolled conditions. A homogeneous precipitate distribution was observed in the non-deformed condition, while the cold rolled conditions contained non-uniformly distributed precipitates due to the introduced dislocations. This led to larger precipitate sizes and a reduction in the precipitate number densities in the pre-deformed conditions. HAADF-STEM analysis revealed differences in the fraction of different precipitate types between the non-deformed and the cold rolled conditions. η', η_2, and disordered η phase were observed in the non-deformed condition, while η', η₂ and the newly identified Y phase were observed in the cold rolled conditions. The disordered η phase contained structural units of the η₁ phase and was associated with reducing the lattice misfit between this phase and the Al matrix. Formation of the Y phase was related to an accelerated nucleation rate in the regions of high dislocation density.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"30 12","pages":"3294 - 3310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12540-024-01718-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141531029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}